Hoisting speed reducer, hoisting mechanism and operation machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of operation machinery, and particularly relates to a winch speed reducer, a winch mechanism and operation machinery, and the winch speed reducer comprises a support frame, a transmission mechanism and a transmission mechanism, the transmission shaft is inserted into the mounting cavity and is used for transmitting the rotating torque; the end cover is mounted on one side of the supporting frame and covers the mounting cavity, and a positioning structure is arranged on the side, facing the mounting cavity, of the end cover; the bearing comprises a first connecting face and a second connecting face which are in rolling fit, the first connecting face is matched with the positioning structure, the second connecting face is matched with the end of the transmission shaft, and the bearing is used for limiting the transmission shaft in the axial direction. By the adoption of the winch speed reducer, the friction force of the end of the transmission shaft can be reduced, and bonding or clamping stagnation caused by serious heating of the end of the transmission shaft is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of operating machinery, and specifically relates to a winch reducer, a winch mechanism and an operating machinery. Background Art

[0002] Many existing operating machines are equipped with winch equipment, such as cranes, net-sealing and crossing operation vehicles, etc. The winch equipment is generally composed of a winch drive, a winch reducer, and a winch drum. The winch reducer decelerates the power output by the winch drive, thereby achieving low-speed and high-horsepower operation of the winch drum.

[0003] In the prior art, a winch reducer usually includes a support seat, a transmission shaft, a reduction mechanism meshing with the transmission shaft, and an end cover located at one end of the transmission shaft. The end cover abuts against the transmission shaft and is used to align the transmission shaft. However, the end cover and the end side of the transmission shaft are slidably connected. Long-term use of the reducer will cause severe heating of the end side of the transmission shaft, which may easily cause bonding and jamming. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a winch reducer, a winch mechanism and an operating machine, aiming to solve the technical problems of large friction and severe heat generation at the transmission shaft end of the winch reducer in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the utility model provides a winch reducer on one hand, the winch reducer comprises:

[0006] A support frame is provided with a mounting cavity;

[0007] A transmission shaft, inserted into the mounting cavity and used to transmit rotational torque;

[0008] An end cover is installed on one side of the support frame and covers the installation cavity, and a positioning structure is provided on the side of the end cover facing the installation cavity;

[0009] The bearing comprises a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface which are rolling-fitted, wherein the first connecting surface matches with the positioning structure, and the second connecting surface matches with the end of the transmission shaft, and the bearing is used for limiting the transmission shaft in the axial direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the positioning structure is a first positioning groove, the first connecting surface is the outer ring of the bearing, and the second connecting surface is the inner ring of the bearing. The outer ring abuts against the inner circumferential wall of the first positioning groove, and the inner ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential wall of the end of the transmission shaft.

[0011] In some embodiments, the transmission shaft includes a large end and a small end connected in sequence along the axial direction, the end of the small end facing away from the large end is spaced apart from the bottom of the positioning groove, the bearing sleeve is arranged on the outer periphery of the small end, and the outer diameter of the small end is smaller than the outer diameter of the large end.

[0012] In some embodiments, the positioning structure is a positioning shaft extending in the direction of the transmission shaft. The end of the transmission shaft facing the end cover is provided with a second positioning groove. The first connecting surface is the inner ring of the bearing, and the second connecting surface is the outer ring of the bearing. The inner ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the positioning shaft, and the outer ring abuts against the second positioning groove.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bearing is a deep groove ball bearing.

[0014] In some embodiments, the bearing is a spherical roller bearing or a self-aligning ball bearing.

[0015] In some embodiments, a sun gear disk drivingly connected to the transmission shaft is further sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission shaft.

[0016] In some embodiments, the winch speed reducer further includes: a brake shaft sleeve sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission shaft; a brake assembly disposed between the outer peripheral side of the brake shaft sleeve and the inner wall of the installation cavity and drivingly connected to the brake shaft sleeve; and a driving piston sleeved on the outer periphery of the brake shaft sleeve. The driving piston can move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft and is used to push the brake assembly to lock the brake shaft sleeve.

[0017] A second aspect of the present utility model provides a winch mechanism, including the above-mentioned winch speed reducer.

[0018] A third aspect of the present utility model provides a working machine, including the above-mentioned winch mechanism.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the winch speed reducer includes a support frame, a transmission shaft, an end cover, and a bearing. The support frame is provided with an installation cavity, and the transmission shaft and the bearing can be installed in the installation cavity. The transmission shaft is inserted into the installation cavity and is used to transmit the rotation torque input from the outside to other components of the winch speed reducer. The end cover is installed on one side of the support frame and seals the installation cavity. The side of the end cover facing the installation cavity is provided with a positioning groove. The bearing is installed in the positioning groove and sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the end of the bearing. The outer periphery of the bearing abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the positioning groove. The bearing can play a role in positioning and supporting the transmission shaft. Moreover, under the action of the bearing, the transmission shaft and the end cover do not directly contact, converting the sliding friction between the transmission shaft and the end cover into the rolling friction of the bearing, reducing the friction force at the end of the transmission shaft, and preventing adhesion or jamming caused by serious heating at the end of the transmission shaft.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail in the subsequent specific embodiment part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present utility model and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present utility model, but do not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a hoisting speed reducer provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of a star-shaped rubber ring provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Description of reference numerals

[0025] 10 Support frame

[0026] 111 Lubrication cavity

[0027] 112 Accommodating groove

[0028] 20 Transmission shaft

[0029] 30 Brake bushing

[0030] 40 Brake assembly

[0031] 50 Driving piston

[0032] 60 Sealing ring

[0033] 61 Sealing body

[0034] 62 Sealing lip

[0035] 63 Lubrication cavity

[0036] 70 End cover

[0037] 80 Bearing

[0038] 90 Sun gear disc Specific embodiments

[0039] The following details the specific embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining and understanding the present utility model and do not limit the present utility model.

[0040] The following describes a hoisting speed reducer, a hoisting mechanism, and a working machine according to the present utility model with reference to the drawings.

[0041] As Figure 1As shown, it is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a hoisting speed reducer provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model. The hoisting speed reducer includes:

[0042] A support frame 10, which is provided with an installation cavity (not shown in the figure);

[0043] A transmission shaft 20, which is inserted into the installation cavity and is used for transmitting rotational torque;

[0044] An end cover 70, which is installed on one side of the support frame 10 and covers the installation cavity. A positioning structure (not shown in the figure) is provided on the side of the end cover 70 facing the installation cavity;

[0045] A bearing 80, which includes a first connection surface and a second connection surface that are in rolling fit. The first connection surface is matched with the positioning structure, and the second connection surface is matched with the end of the transmission shaft 20. The bearing 80 is used for axially limiting the transmission shaft 20.

[0046] Many existing working machines are equipped with hoisting equipment, such as crane trucks, network sealing and spanning working trucks, etc. The hoisting speed reducer provided by the embodiment of the present utility model includes a support frame 10, a transmission shaft 20, an end cover 70 and a bearing 80. The support frame 10 is provided with an installation cavity. The support frame 10 can serve as the skeleton of the hoisting speed reducer, and other components of the hoisting speed reducer, such as the transmission shaft 20 and the bearing 80, can be installed in the installation cavity. The transmission shaft 20 is inserted into the installation cavity and can transmit power to other transmission components of the hoisting speed reducer. The end cover 70 is installed on one side of the support frame 10 and covers the installation cavity to prevent impurities from entering the interior of the hoisting speed reducer from the side of the end cover 70 of the installation cavity. A positioning structure is provided on the side of the end cover 70 facing the installation cavity, and the positioning structure can be used to cooperate with the first connection surface, and the second connection surface is matched with the end of the transmission shaft 20. The bearing 80 usually includes rolling elements such as balls inside. When the transmission shaft 20 rotates, the transmission shaft 20 transmits rotational torque to the bearing 80. The bearing 80 can convert sliding friction into rolling friction, reduce the friction between the end of the transmission shaft 20 and the end cover 70, and prevent the temperature of the end of the transmission shaft 20 from being too high due to friction, causing adhesion or jamming.

[0047] In one embodiment, the positioning structure is a first positioning groove, the first connection surface is the outer ring of the bearing 80, and the second connection surface is the inner ring of the bearing 80. The outer ring abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the first positioning groove, and the inner ring is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the end of the transmission shaft 20. There is a rolling friction structure between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 80. The inner ring of the bearing 80 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the end of the transmission shaft 20, and the outer ring abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the first positioning groove. The position of the inner ring of the bearing 80 is positioned by fixing the position of the outer ring. When the position of the inner ring of the bearing 80 is fixed, the transmission shaft 20 that cooperates with the inner ring of the bearing 80 can also be accurately positioned. Moreover, the first positioning groove is simple to machine, and the accuracy requirements are easy to meet, which is convenient for accurately positioning the transmission shaft 20.

[0048] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the transmission shaft 20 includes a large end and a small end connected in sequence along the axial direction, and one end of the small end away from the large end is spaced from the bottom of the first positioning groove, and the bearing 80 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the small end, and the outer diameter of the small end is smaller than the outer diameter of the large end. In order to ensure stable transmission of torque, the transmission shaft 20 needs a larger outer diameter for torque transmission. In order to ensure better positioning of the transmission shaft 20, the end of the transmission shaft 20 needs to ensure accurate position. The transmission shaft 20 provided by the utility model includes a large end and a small end, the outer diameter of the large end is larger, which can be used to transmit the rotational torque of the transmission shaft 20, and the outer diameter of the small end is smaller, and the positioning of the small end is more accurate. The outer periphery of the small end is sleeved with a bearing 80, which can assist the small end in positioning, and can reduce the friction on the small end and support the small end. The use of the above-mentioned winch reducer can ensure that the transmission shaft 20 stably transmits the rotational torque, and can also accurately position and support the transmission shaft 20.

[0049] In one embodiment, the positioning structure is a positioning shaft extending toward the transmission shaft 20, and a second positioning groove is provided at the end of the transmission shaft 20 toward the end cover 70. The first connection surface is the inner ring of the bearing 80, and the second connection surface is the outer ring of the bearing 80. The inner ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the positioning shaft, and the outer ring is in contact with the second positioning groove. The positioning shaft is provided on the end cover 70, and after the inner ring of the bearing 80 is sleeved on the positioning shaft, the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 80 are positioned. When the end of the transmission shaft 20 is matched with the outer ring of the bearing 80, the transmission shaft 20 can be accurately positioned. With the above-mentioned winch reducer, the bearing 80, the end cover 70 and the transmission shaft 20 are closely matched, the transmission shaft 20 is accurately positioned, and the operation of the transmission shaft 20 is more stable.

[0050] In one embodiment, the bearing 80 is a deep groove ball bearing. The deep groove ball bearing has the advantages of small friction coefficient, high limit speed, simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and easy to achieve high manufacturing precision. The outer diameter of the end of the transmission shaft 20 sleeved in the present application can reduce the friction of the end of the transmission shaft 20 and can cooperate with the high-speed rotation of the transmission shaft 20.

[0051] In one embodiment, the bearing 80 is a spherical roller bearing or a spherical ball bearing. Spherical roller bearings and spherical ball bearings have the advantages of strong self-aligning ability, strong load-bearing capacity, simple maintenance, stable high-speed operation, strong impact resistance, etc., and are used in the winch reducer of the present application to facilitate the maintenance of the transmission shaft 20, maintain stable torque transmission when the transmission shaft 20 rotates at high speed, and extend the service life of the transmission shaft 20.

[0052] In one embodiment, Figure 1As shown, a sun gear disk 90 which is drivingly connected to the transmission shaft 20 is also sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission shaft 20. The sun gear disk 90 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 20 and can transmit the transmission torque of the transmission shaft 20 to transmission components such as star wheels, expanding the torque transmission range of the transmission shaft 20 and facilitating the torque transmission of the hoisting speed reducer.

[0053] In one embodiment, the hoisting speed reducer further includes: a brake shaft sleeve 30 sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission shaft 20; a brake assembly 40 disposed between the outer peripheral side of the brake shaft sleeve 30 and the inner wall of the installation cavity and drivingly connected to the brake shaft sleeve 30; and a driving piston 50 sleeved on the outer periphery of the brake shaft sleeve 30. The driving piston 50 can move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 20 and is used to push the brake assembly 40 to lock the brake shaft sleeve 30. The driving piston 50 can move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 20 and drive the brake assembly 40 to lock the brake shaft sleeve 30. The brake shaft sleeve 30 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission shaft 20, and locking the brake shaft sleeve 30 can brake the transmission shaft 20. By using the above hoisting speed reducer, the braking and starting of the hoisting speed reducer can be realized more conveniently, and the structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, the brake assembly 40 includes a plurality of brake rings (not shown in the figure) arranged in parallel at intervals along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 20. The inner ends of the plurality of brake rings are all mounted on the brake shaft sleeve 30. The driving piston 50 abuts against one side of the plurality of brake rings, and the inner wall of the installation cavity abuts against the other side of the plurality of brake rings. The plurality of brake rings are used to lock the brake shaft sleeve 30 and the transmission shaft 20 in a braking state under the pushing action of the driving piston 50.

[0055] In one embodiment, the hoisting speed reducer further includes a sealing ring 60 that is hermetically fitted with both the outer peripheral wall of the driving piston 50 and the inner peripheral wall of the installation cavity. The sealing ring 60 can always maintain a hermetic fit with the outer peripheral wall of the driving piston 50 and the inner peripheral wall of the installation cavity, preventing external impurities from entering the interior of the hoisting speed reducer through the gap between the outer peripheral wall of the driving piston 50 and the inner peripheral wall of the installation cavity and affecting the service life of the hoisting speed reducer.

[0056] In one embodiment, the sealing ring 60 is a star-shaped rubber ring. As Figure 2As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the star-shaped rubber ring provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the dynamic sealing application scenario, the sealing effect of the star-shaped rubber ring is better than that of the traditional O-ring. The star-shaped rubber ring is installed between the outer peripheral wall of the driving piston 50 and the inner wall of the installation cavity, and is in sealing cooperation with both of the above. When the driving piston 50 moves axially along the transmission shaft 20, the star-shaped rubber ring cannot roll between the driving piston 50 and the inner wall of the installation cavity, and can always maintain a seal with the driving piston 50 and the inner wall of the installation cavity to prevent external impurities from entering the precision components inside the winch reducer (such as gears, hydraulic pumps, positioning bearings, etc.) through the gap between the driving piston 50 and the inner wall of the installation cavity, thereby extending the service life of the winch reducer.

[0057] In one embodiment, the sealing ring 60 includes a sealing body 61 and a plurality of sealing lips 62 protruding outward from the sealing body 61. The plurality of sealing lips 62 are symmetrically distributed and extend respectively toward the driving piston 50 and the inner wall of the installation cavity. A lubricating cavity 63 is formed between any two adjacent sealing lips 62 on the same side. The star-shaped rubber ring includes a plurality of sealing lips 62, and the sealing lips 62 can protrude outward and abut against the driving piston 50 and the inner wall of the installation cavity to enhance the sealing effect. A lubricating cavity 63 is formed between two adjacent sealing lips 62, and the lubricating cavity 63 can store grease to reduce the friction force between the star-shaped rubber ring and the driving piston 50. When the driving piston 50 moves axially along the transmission shaft 20, there is relative movement between the driving piston 50 and the star-shaped rubber ring. If the friction force is too large, it will cause serious wear to the star-shaped rubber ring and reduce the service life of the star-shaped rubber ring. Storing grease in the lubricating cavity 63 can reduce the sliding friction force between the star-shaped rubber ring and the driving piston 50 and extend the service life of the star-shaped rubber ring.

[0058] In one embodiment, the shape of the driving piston 50 is adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the installation cavity. The inner wall of the installation cavity includes a plurality of stepped surfaces connected in sequence. The number of star-shaped rubber rings is multiple, and the multiple star-shaped rubber rings are hermetically embedded between different stepped surfaces and the driving piston 50. In order to further enhance the sealing effect, the shape of the driving piston 50 is adapted to the stepped surface of the installation cavity, and a plurality of star-shaped rubber rings are arranged between different stepped surfaces and the driving piston 50. When any one star-shaped rubber ring fails, the other star-shaped rubber rings can still maintain a seal between the inner wall of the installation cavity and the driving piston 50. By using the above winch reducer, the sealing effect can be further enhanced to prevent external impurities from entering the inner wall of the winch reducer.

[0059] In one embodiment, the driving piston 50 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the installation cavity, and a grease cavity 111 for accommodating grease is formed between any two adjacent star-shaped rubber rings. There is a gap between the driving piston 50 and the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the grease is stored in the gap between the driving piston 50 and the inner wall of the installation cavity to ensure the sealing effect. A grease cavity 111 for accommodating grease can be formed between any two adjacent star-shaped rubber rings, and the grease cavity 111 is filled with grease, thereby preventing external impurities from entering the precision structure inside the hoisting speed reducer.

[0060] In one embodiment, a hoisting mechanism is provided, including the above-mentioned hoisting speed reducer.

[0061] In one embodiment, a working machine is provided, including the above-mentioned hoisting mechanism.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0063] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or communication with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A winch reducer, characterized in that: The winch reducer comprises: The support frame (10) is provided with a mounting cavity; A transmission shaft (20) is inserted into the installation cavity and is used to transmit rotational torque; An end cover (70) is installed on one side of the support frame (10) and covers the installation cavity, and a positioning structure is provided on a side of the end cover (70) facing the installation cavity; The bearing (80) comprises a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface which are rollingly matched, wherein the first connecting surface matches the positioning structure, and the second connecting surface matches the end of the transmission shaft (20), and the bearing (80) is used to limit the transmission shaft (20) along the axial direction.

2. The winch reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning structure is a first positioning groove, the first connecting surface is the outer ring of the bearing (80), the second connecting surface is the inner ring of the bearing (80), the outer ring abuts against the inner circumferential wall of the first positioning groove, and the inner ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential wall of the end of the transmission shaft (20).

3. The winch reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission shaft (20) comprises a large end and a small end connected in sequence along the axial direction, an end of the small end facing away from the large end is spaced apart from the bottom of the positioning groove, the bearing (80) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the small end, and the outer diameter of the small end is smaller than the outer diameter of the large end.

4. The winch reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning structure is a positioning shaft extending in the direction of the transmission shaft (20); a second positioning groove is provided at the end of the transmission shaft (20) toward the end cover (70); the first connecting surface is the inner ring of the bearing (80); the second connecting surface is the outer ring of the bearing (80); the inner ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission shaft (20); and the outer ring is in contact with the second positioning groove.

5. The winch reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing (80) is a deep groove ball bearing.

6. The winch reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing (80) is a self-aligning roller bearing or a self-aligning ball bearing.

7. The winch reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the transmission shaft (20) is also sleeved with a sun wheel (90) drivingly connected to the transmission shaft (20).

8. The winch reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winch reducer also includes: A brake sleeve (30) sleeved on the outer circumference of the transmission shaft (20); A brake assembly (40) is disposed between the outer peripheral side of the brake sleeve (30) and the inner wall of the mounting cavity and is drivingly connected to the brake sleeve (30); A driving piston (50) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the brake sleeve (30); the driving piston (50) can move along the axial direction of the transmission shaft (20) and is used to push the brake assembly (40) to lock the brake sleeve (30).

9. A winch mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a winch reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A working machine, characterized in that: Including the hoisting mechanism described in claim 9.

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