Steel lining ceramic insulation furnace neck structure of cracking furnace
By using steel-lined ceramic insulated furnace neck structure in the cracking furnace, the problems of electric shock and frequent furnace shutdown in traditional systems are solved, and higher operating stability and output are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421941133.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-12
AI Technical Summary
In the traditional hydrogen cyanide cracking reaction system, the three electrodes and the cracking furnace neck are made of ordinary carbon steel. When petroleum coke ash gathers between the electrodes and the furnace neck, electric shock is prone to occur, resulting in the furnace neck breakdown, oxygen extraction and shutdown, frequent opening and stopping, and even causing hydrogen cyanide gas to leak out.
A steel-lined ceramic insulated furnace neck structure is adopted, including steel liner, outer ceramic layer, inner ceramic layer and limit edge components. The ceramic layer reduces carbon ash agglomeration, avoids electric shock, and enhances the overall structural strength through the steel liner.
It effectively avoids electric shock, reduces the frequency of cracking furnace opening and stopping, improves the operating cycle and production stability, reduces raw material consumption, and improves output.
Smart Images
Figure CN222925965U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of cracking furnaces, and particularly relates to a steel-lined ceramic insulation furnace neck structure for a cracking furnace. Background Art
[0002] In the light oil cracking method - sodium cyanide production process, hydrogen cyanide is produced by electrolytic cracking of the raw materials of liquid ammonia, light oil, petroleum coke particles and three-phase electrodes in a cracking furnace. The traditional hydrogen cyanide cracking reaction system includes a cracking furnace (upper gas chamber, furnace body, flower plate, lower gas chamber), a preheater, electrodes and a lifting system; for sodium cyanide production, liquid ammonia enters the ammonia evaporator from the storage tank, is vaporized into ammonia gas at 0.4 - 0.5 MPa by cooling and softening water vapor in the cracking furnace, and after the flow rate of the vaporized ammonia gas is adjusted by a regulating valve, it enters the upper gas chamber of the cracking furnace for preheating; light oil is pumped out from the storage tank, the flow rate is adjusted by a regulating valve, first enters the light oil vaporizer for vaporization, is mixed with ammonia gas in a Venturi tube and then enters the preheater, is heated by the high-temperature furnace gas in the inner tube and then enters the lower gas chamber at the bottom of the cracking furnace, and the mixed gas is ejected through a distribution nozzle, and then evenly enters the cracking furnace chamber through the flower plate and is cracked by the three-phase electrodes. The furnace gas containing hydrogen cyanide is taken out from the cracking furnace under negative pressure, enters the cyclone dust collector through the inner tube of the preheater to separate larger particle coke ash, the gas is cooled by a sleeve cooler and then enters the bag dust collector to separate small particle coke ash. The gas after dust removal enters a two-stage caustic soda series absorber, and the 30% sodium cyanide finished product after absorption is pumped to the storage tank through a pump. The tail gas is sent to downstream users after de-cyaniding and de-ammoniation treatment. The traditional process has the following deficiencies: the three-phase electrodes and the furnace neck of the cracking furnace adopt ordinary carbon steel. When there is accumulation of petroleum coke ash between the electrodes and the furnace neck, electricity connection occurs between the electrodes and the furnace neck, resulting in an electric shock phenomenon, punching through the furnace neck, causing the cracking furnace to stop due to oxygen extraction, resulting in frequent start-up and shutdown of the cracking furnace, and in severe cases, leakage of hydrogen cyanide gas. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a steel-lined ceramic insulation furnace neck structure for a cracking furnace, so as to solve the problem that the three-phase electrodes and the furnace neck of the cracking furnace adopt ordinary carbon steel in the above background art. When there is accumulation of petroleum coke ash between the electrodes and the furnace neck, electricity connection occurs between the electrodes and the furnace neck, resulting in an electric shock phenomenon, punching through the furnace neck, causing the cracking furnace to stop due to oxygen extraction, resulting in frequent start-up and shutdown of the cracking furnace, and in severe cases, leakage of hydrogen cyanide gas.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions: A steel-lined ceramic insulated furnace neck structure for a cracking furnace, including a steel lining. An inner limit edge is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the steel lining, and a connecting edge is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the steel lining. An outer ceramic layer is provided on the outer side of the steel lining. The lower end of the outer ceramic layer abuts against the connecting edge, and a top edge is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the outer ceramic layer. The top edge abuts against the limit edge. A process edge is provided at the outer edge of the upper end of the outer ceramic layer. An inner ceramic layer is provided on the inner side of the steel lining. A limit groove is provided at the upper end of the inner ceramic layer, and the limit edge abuts against the inside of the limit groove.
[0005] Preferably, the steel lining is a cylindrical structure open at both the top and bottom. The cross-sections of the limit edge, the steel lining, and the connecting edge form a Z-shaped structure perpendicular to each other. The outer side of the connecting edge extends to the outside of the outer ceramic layer, and connecting bolt holes are provided on the connecting edge and outside the outer ceramic layer.
[0006] Preferably, the lower end of the inner ceramic layer is correspondingly arranged with the lower end of the connecting edge, and the inner diameter of the inner ceramic layer is correspondingly arranged with the inner diameter of the top edge.
[0007] Preferably, a through hole is provided vertically through the middle position of the inner ceramic layer.
[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the inner ceramic layer abuts against the lower end of the top edge.
[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The present utility model adopts a steel-lined insulated ceramic furnace neck, which reduces the accumulation of carbon ash, avoids electric shock caused by direct contact between the three-phase electrode and the furnace neck, greatly reduces the start-up and shutdown frequency of the cracking furnace, improves the cracking operation cycle, increases production stability, reduces raw material consumption, and increases output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] Figure 1 is an axonometric view of the main structure of the present utility model;
[0011] Figure 2 is an axonometric sectional view of the main structure of the present utility model;
[0012] Figure 3 is a split axonometric sectional view of the main structure of the present utility model;
[0013] Figure 4 is a front sectional view of the main structure of the present utility model;
[0014] Figure 5 is a top view schematic diagram of the main structure of the present utility model.
[0015] In the figure: 1 - steel lining, 2 - limiting edge, 3 - connecting edge, 4 - outer ceramic layer, 5 - top edge, 6 - process edge, 7 - inner ceramic layer, 8 - limiting groove, 9 - connecting bolt hole, 10 - through hole. Specific implementation manner
[0016] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0017] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , the present invention provides a steel lining ceramic insulation furnace neck structure for a cracking furnace, including a steel lining 1. An inner limiting edge 2 is provided at the upper end of the steel lining 1, and a connecting edge 3 is provided at the outer side of the lower end of the steel lining 1. An outer ceramic layer 4 is provided on the outer side of the steel lining 1. The lower end of the outer ceramic layer 4 abuts against the connecting edge 3. A top edge 5 is provided at the inner side of the upper end of the outer ceramic layer 4, and the top edge 5 abuts against the limiting edge 2. A process edge 6 is provided at the outer edge of the upper end of the outer ceramic layer 4. An inner ceramic layer 7 is provided inside the steel lining 1. A limiting groove 8 starts at the upper end of the inner ceramic layer 7, and the limiting edge 2 abuts against the inside of the limiting groove 8.
[0018] During use, by arranging the steel lining 1 between the outer ceramic layer 4 and the inner ceramic layer 7, the outer side and the inner side of the steel lining 1 are protected by the outer ceramic layer 4 and the inner ceramic layer 7. The overall strength of the furnace neck structure is improved by the steel lining 1. A limiting edge 2 is provided at the upper inner side of the steel lining 1. The installation of the inner ceramic layer 7 is limited by the clamping of the limiting edge 2 and the limiting groove 8. A connecting edge 3 is provided at the outer side of the lower end of the steel lining 1 to limit the installation of the outer ceramic layer 4. A top edge 5 is provided at the upper end of the outer ceramic layer 4 to protect the upper end of the steel lining 1. A process edge 6 is provided at the upper end of the top edge 5. The use of the overall furnace neck structure is limited and separated by the process edge 6. By the structure of sandwiching the steel lining 1 between the outer ceramic layer 4 and the inner ceramic layer 7, the accumulation of carbon ash is reduced, and the direct contact between the three-phase electrode and the furnace neck to generate electric shock is avoided.
[0019] The steel lining 1 is a cylindrical structure open at both the upper and lower ends. The cross-sections of the limiting edge 2, the steel lining 1, and the connecting edge 3 form a Z-shaped structure perpendicular to each other. The outer side of the connecting edge 3 extends out of the outer side of the outer ceramic layer 4. Connecting bolt holes 9 are provided on the connecting edge 3 and outside the outer ceramic layer 4. The outer ceramic layer 4 and the inner ceramic layer 7 are supported and fixed by the Z-shaped steel lining 1. Connecting bolt holes 9 are provided on the outer side of the connecting edge 3. The overall furnace neck structure is fixedly arranged at the position of the cracking furnace neck by bolts passing through the connecting bolt holes 9.
[0020] The lower end of the inner ceramic layer 7 is correspondingly arranged with the lower end of the connecting edge 3, and the inner diameter of the inner ceramic layer 7 is correspondingly arranged with the inner diameter of the top edge 5, ensuring the regularity of the overall furnace neck structure and the protection effect.
[0021] A through hole 10 is provided through the inner ceramic layer 7 in the vertical direction at the middle position, and the electrode penetrates through the overall furnace neck structure through the through hole 10 and extends into the inside of the cracking furnace.
[0022] The upper end of the inner ceramic layer 7 abuts against the lower end of the top edge 5, reducing the gap between the inner ceramic layer 7 and the outer ceramic layer 5 and ensuring the comprehensiveness of the protection.
[0023] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A cracking furnace steel-lined ceramic insulation furnace neck structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a steel lining (1), wherein a limiting edge (2) is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the steel lining (1), a connecting edge (3) is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the steel lining (1), an outer ceramic layer (4) is provided on the outer side of the steel lining (1), the lower end of the outer ceramic layer (4) abuts against the connecting edge (3), a top edge (5) is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the outer ceramic layer (4), the top edge (5) abuts against the limiting edge (2), a process edge (6) is provided at the outer edge of the upper end of the outer ceramic layer (4), an inner ceramic layer (7) is provided on the inner side of the steel lining (1), a limiting groove (8) is provided at the upper end of the inner ceramic layer (7), and the limiting edge (2) abuts against the inside of the limiting groove (8).
2. A cracking furnace steel-lined ceramic insulation furnace neck structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel lining (1) is a cylindrical structure open at the top and bottom, and the cross-sections of the limiting edge (2), the steel lining (1) and the connecting edge (3) form a mutually perpendicular Z-shaped structure. The outer side of the connecting edge (3) extends to the outside of the outer ceramic layer (4), and connecting bolt holes (9) are provided on the connecting edge (3) and on the outer side of the outer ceramic layer (4).
3. The cracking furnace steel-lined ceramic insulation furnace neck structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the inner ceramic layer (7) is arranged correspondingly to the lower end of the connecting edge (3), and the inner diameter of the inner ceramic layer (7) is arranged correspondingly to the inner diameter of the top edge (5).
4. The cracking furnace steel-lined ceramic insulation furnace neck structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole (10) is provided in the middle of the inner ceramic layer (7) in the up and down directions.
5. The cracking furnace steel-lined ceramic insulation furnace neck structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the inner ceramic layer (7) abuts against the lower end of the top edge (5).