Ecological percolation ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutant and sediment loss

Abstract

The utility model provides an ecological percolation ditch system capable of preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and silt from losing. The ecological percolation ditch system for preventing the farmland non-point source pollutants and silt from losing comprises a sedimentation tank, a percolation tank, a water outlet tank and a pipe network assembly, the sedimentation tank, the percolation tank and the water outlet tank are sequentially arranged in the same direction, a water inlet is formed in the sedimentation tank, and the water inlet is communicated with a drainage ditch; a filler is arranged in the percolation tank, the pipe network assembly is arranged in the percolation tank along the water flow direction, and one end, close to the water outlet tank, of the pipe network assembly extends into the water outlet tank. The ecological percolation ditch system capable of preventing the farmland non-point source pollutants and the silt from losing has the advantages that short-time high-strength hydraulic load can be borne, nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage can be effectively treated, the silt in the farmland drainage can be removed, and therefore emission of the farmland non-point source pollutants and the silt is reduced, silting of a drainage ditch pond is effectively prevented, and the ecological percolation ditch system is suitable for being popularized and applied. The water body self-cleaning capability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural drainage, in particular to an ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing the loss of farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment. Background Art

[0002] Affected by continuous heavy rainfall scouring and water-sediment action, a large amount of farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment in southern irrigation areas of China flow into the irrigation ditch ponds, causing varying degrees of pollution and siltation in the ditch ponds, resulting in a reduction in drainage and water storage capacity, a deterioration of the water self-purification capacity, and even the occurrence of "water bloom" phenomenon. The farmland drainage and the carried sediment are greatly affected by precipitation. In case of heavy rainfall, the drainage is concentrated and large in quantity. The traditional land infiltration system is difficult to bear the short-term large hydraulic load formed by farmland drainage and is prone to blockage, and the purification effect on total nitrogen and total phosphorus is not very ideal.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing the loss of farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment to solve the above technical problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide an ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing the loss of farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment, which can bear short-term high-intensity hydraulic load, effectively treat nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage, remove sediment therein, thereby reducing the discharge of farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment, effectively preventing the siltation of drainage ditch ponds, and improving the water self-purification capacity thereof.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing the loss of farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment provided by the utility model includes: a sedimentation tank, a filtration tank, an outlet tank and a pipe network assembly;

[0006] The sedimentation tank, the filtration tank and the outlet tank are arranged in sequence along the same direction. An inlet is provided on the sedimentation tank, and the inlet is communicated with a drainage ditch;

[0007] The filtration tank is provided with fillers. The pipe network assembly is arranged in the filtration tank along the water flow direction, and one end of the pipe network assembly close to the outlet tank extends into the outlet tank. The pipe network assembly is buried at the bottom of the fillers, and a plurality of filter holes are uniformly arranged on the pipe network assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the pipe network assembly includes a plurality of filter pipes, and the plurality of filter pipes are arranged in a row along the direction perpendicular to the water flow. One end of the filter pipe is close to the sedimentation tank, and the other end of the filter pipe passes through the filtration tank and extends into the outlet tank.

[0009] Preferably, the filter holes are formed on the filter pipes, and the outer sides of the filter pipes are wrapped with gauze.

[0010] Preferably, a grid plate for filtering is installed on the top surface of the weir body where the sedimentation tank is connected to the infiltration tank.

[0011] Preferably, a water distribution assembly is arranged above the filler in the infiltration tank. The water distribution assembly includes a plurality of drain pipes. The plurality of drain pipes are arranged along the direction perpendicular to the water flow. A plurality of water outlet holes are provided on each drain pipe, and one end of the drain pipe faces the grid plate.

[0012] Preferably, a filter screen is provided at one end of the drain pipe close to the grid plate.

[0013] Preferably, the height of the weir body where the sedimentation tank is connected to the infiltration tank is lower than the depth of the sedimentation tank.

[0014] Preferably, a water retaining plate is provided at the top of the weir body between the infiltration tank and the water outlet tank.

[0015] Preferably, the filler includes ceramsite, activated carbon and coarse sand.

[0016] Preferably, plants for purifying water quality are planted on the filler in the infiltration tank.

[0017] Compared with the related art, the ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing non-point source pollutants and sediment loss in farmland provided by the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present utility model provides an ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing non-point source pollutants and sediment loss in farmland. The farmland drainage containing nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants and sediment is discharged into the drainage ditch, and then flows into the sedimentation tank from the water inlet of the sedimentation tank. Larger particulate matters in the water are deposited in the sedimentation tank, and then overflow from the weir body between the sedimentation tank and the infiltration tank and flow into the water distribution assembly arranged above the filler in the infiltration tank, and then evenly flow the water into the entire infiltration tank. The filler in the infiltration tank can provide a habitat for microorganisms, so that microorganisms in the filler form a biofilm. Biological denitrification and biological phosphorus removal are carried out through the physical adsorption of the filler, the biochemical action of the biofilm and the adsorption and absorption of wetland plants, so as to convert nitrogen and phosphorus substances in the water body into nitrogen gas or inorganic phosphorus deposition. Further, the water seeping down along the filler flows into the pipe network assembly through the filter holes on the pipe network assembly, and the purified water flows into the water outlet tank through the pipe network assembly and is finally discharged through the overflow of the water outlet tank.

[0019] It can be seen that this ecological infiltration ditch system can withstand short-term high-intensity hydraulic loads, effectively treat nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage, and remove sediment therein, thereby reducing the discharge of non-point source pollutants in farmland, effectively preventing the siltation of drainage ditches and ponds, and improving their water self-purification ability. Moreover, this system has the advantages of low operating cost, effective control of farmland soil erosion, good nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect, no land occupation for transformation using the original drainage ditch, high environmental friendliness, and convenient maintenance. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a top view of the ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing non-point source pollutants and sediment loss in farmland provided by the present utility model after removing the water distribution component;

[0021] Figure 2 is Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing non-point source pollutants and sediment loss in farmland provided by the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is Figure 2 It is a side cross-sectional structure view of the sedimentation tank shown;

[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 2 It is a side cross-sectional structure view of the infiltration tank shown;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a columnar effect diagram of the removal of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and sediment content in the ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing non-point source pollutants and sediment loss in farmland provided by the present utility model in the embodiment.

[0025] Reference numerals in the drawings: 1, sedimentation tank; 2, infiltration tank; 3, water outlet tank; 4, filter pipe; 5, horizontal tie rod; 6, grille plate; 7, water baffle; 8, drain pipe. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , wherein, Figure 1 It is a top view of the ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing non-point source pollutants and sediment loss in farmland provided by the present utility model after removing the water distribution component; Figure 2 is Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing non-point source pollutants and sediment loss in farmland provided by the present utility model; Figure 3 is Figure 2 It is a side cross-sectional structure view of the sedimentation tank shown; Figure 4 isFigure 2 The side view sectional structure diagram of the percolation pond shown. The ecological percolation ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss includes: a sedimentation tank 1, a percolation tank 2, an outlet tank 3 and a pipe network assembly; the sedimentation tank 1, the percolation tank 2 and the outlet tank 3 are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction. An inlet is provided on the sedimentation tank 1, and the inlet is communicated with a drainage ditch; a filler is provided in the percolation tank 2. The pipe network assembly is arranged in the percolation tank 2 along the water flow direction, and one end of the pipe network assembly close to the outlet tank 3 extends into the outlet tank 3. The pipe network assembly is buried at the bottom of the filler, and a plurality of filter holes are evenly provided on the pipe network assembly.

[0028] In this embodiment, the farmland drainage containing nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants and sediment is discharged into the drainage ditch, and then flows into the sedimentation tank from the inlet of the sedimentation tank. Larger particulate matters in the water are deposited in the sedimentation tank, and then overflow from the weir body between the sedimentation tank and the percolation tank and flow into the water distribution assembly arranged above the filler in the percolation tank, and then evenly flow the water into the whole percolation tank. The filler in the percolation tank can provide a habitat for microorganisms, so that microorganisms in the filler form a biofilm. Through the physical adsorption of the filler, the biochemical action of the biofilm and the adsorption and absorption of wetland plants, biological denitrification and biological phosphorus removal are carried out, so as to convert nitrogen and phosphorus substances in the water body into nitrogen gas or inorganic phosphorus deposition. Further, the water seeping down along the filler flows into the pipe network assembly through the filter holes on the pipe network assembly, and the purified water flows into the outlet tank through the pipe network assembly and finally overflows and is discharged through the outlet tank.

[0029] It can be seen that this ecological percolation ditch system can withstand short-term high-intensity hydraulic loads, can effectively treat nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage, and remove sediment in the drainage, thereby reducing the emission of farmland non-point source pollutants, effectively preventing the siltation of drainage ditches and ponds, and improving the water self-purification ability of the ditches and ponds.

[0030] Moreover, this system has the advantages of low operation cost, effective control of farmland soil loss, good nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect, small floor area, high environmental friendliness, etc., and is also convenient for maintenance.

[0031] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the height of the weir body part connecting the sedimentation tank 1 and the percolation tank 2 is lower than the depth of the sedimentation tank 1. In this way, when the water level in the sedimentation tank 1 rises to exceed the height of the weir body part connecting the sedimentation tank 1 and the percolation tank 2, the water in the sedimentation tank 1 will overflow into the percolation tank 2.

[0032] As Figure 3 shown, a grid plate 6 for filtering is installed on the top surface of the weir body part connecting the sedimentation tank 1 and the percolation tank 2. The function of the grid plate 6 is to intercept floating garbage in the water and avoid the garbage entering the percolation tank 2 and thus affecting the purification effect.

[0033] AsFigure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in Figure 4 , the pipe network assembly includes a plurality of filter pipes 4, and the plurality of filter pipes 4 are arranged along the vertical water flow direction, and the vertical water flow direction is the width direction of the infiltration pond 2. Further, one end of the filter pipe 4 is close to the left side of the sedimentation pond 1, and the other end thereof passes through the connection between the infiltration pond 2 and the water outlet pond 3 and extends into the water outlet pond 3. The filter pipe 4 is located at the bottom of the infiltration pond 2 and the filter pipe 4 is buried at the bottom of the filler. A plurality of tiny filter holes are evenly provided on the upper half of the filter pipe 4, and the filter pipe 4 is wrapped with gauze.

[0034] In this way, the water containing nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants overflowing from the sedimentation pond 1 first flows to the top of the filler. The filler adsorbs the microorganisms in the water and provides a good habitat for the attachment of the microorganisms. A large number of microorganisms attached to the filler remove the nitrogen and phosphorus in the water. As the water slowly penetrates to the bottom of the infiltration pond 2 and sequentially passes through the gauze wrapped on the filter pipe 4 and the filter holes on the filter pipe 4, it enters the filter pipe 4, and finally flows out of the water outlet of the filter pipe 4 into the water outlet pond 3.

[0035] In addition, a part of the water penetrating to the bottom of the filler enters the filter pipe 4. Due to the limited drainage efficiency of the filter pipe 4, when the water in the infiltration pond 2 gradually increases, the water purified by the filler will gradually increase, and thus overflow from the infiltration pond 2 to the water outlet pond 3.

[0036] As Figure 4 shown in Figure 4 , a water retaining plate 7 is provided at the top of the weir body between the infiltration pond 2 and the water outlet pond 3. The function of the provided water retaining plate 7 is to extend the residence time of the water in the infiltration pond 2. The water overflowing from the sedimentation pond 1 to the infiltration pond 2 will first penetrate the filler and enter the filter pipe 4 and flow out to the water outlet pond 3 through the filter pipe 4. As the water in the infiltration pond 2 increases, part of the water will overflow the weir body between the infiltration pond 2 and the water outlet pond 3 and flow out to the water outlet pond 3. By providing the water retaining plate 7 at the top of the weir body between the infiltration pond 2 and the water outlet pond 3, the time for the water to overflow the weir body between the infiltration pond 2 and the water outlet pond 3 can be delayed. In addition, the water retaining plate 7 also makes the water flow out from the filter pipe 4 at the bottom of the infiltration pond 2 as much as possible, but does not affect the drainage during the rainy season.

[0037] The overflow weir of the water outlet pond 3 is 10 cm lower than the water outlet end of the infiltration pond 2, that is, the right weir body part of the water outlet pond 3 is lower than the right weir body part of the infiltration pond 2, and the height difference between the two is 10 cm. This can ensure that there is a certain infiltration water pressure in the water outlet pond 3, and the water level height in the ecological infiltration system can be controlled to realize dry-wet alternate operation, so that the entire ecological infiltration ditch switches between aerobic and anaerobic environments, and further realizes faster and more efficient removal of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the farmland drainage.

[0038] It should be noted that since microorganisms carry out denitrification and phosphorus removal in aerobic or anaerobic environments, in this embodiment, under normal circumstances, the water in the percolation tank 2 slowly flows into the outlet tank 3 through the filter pipe 4. When the water in the outlet tank 3 has not been drained, at this time, the water flow in the percolation tank 2 is slow and there is little air in the water, and at this time, the microorganisms are in an anaerobic environment. When the worker uses tools such as a water pump to quickly drain the water in the outlet tank 3, since the overflow weir of the outlet tank 3 is 10 cm lower than the water outlet end of the percolation tank 2, the water in the percolation tank 2 will flow faster, and the water environment in the percolation tank 2 will gradually change from an anaerobic environment to an aerobic environment.

[0039] It is worth noting that the diameter, laying density, aperture of the filter holes and distribution density of the filter pipe 4 can be adjusted according to the actual situation to control the water outlet rate, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the hydraulic retention time. The specific hydraulic retention time is determined according to the catchment area and runoff.

[0040] The filler is a composite filler, which includes porous and loose materials such as ceramsite, activated carbon and coarse sand. The ceramsite, activated carbon and coarse sand are laid in the percolation tank 2 in sequence from bottom to top. Specifically, the ratio of ceramsite, activated carbon and coarse sand in the composite filler is 3:2:2. When the microorganisms in the water penetrate into the porous and loose materials such as ceramsite, activated carbon and coarse sand, they will adhere to the ceramsite, activated carbon and coarse sand, and thus react with the nitrogen and phosphorus in the water under aerobic or anaerobic conditions.

[0041] In this embodiment, the bottom of the percolation tank 2 has a slope. Specifically, the end of the percolation tank 2 close to the sedimentation tank 1 is higher than the other end, that is, from Figure 1 From this perspective, in the order from left to right, the height of the bottom of the percolation tank 2 decreases in turn. In this way, the filter pipe 4 laid on the bottom of the percolation tank 2 is also in an inclined state, so that the water that seeps into the filter pipe 4 will automatically flow out along the filter pipe 4.

[0042] As Figure 2 shown, a water distribution assembly is arranged above the filler in the percolation tank 2. The water distribution assembly includes a plurality of drain pipes 8. The plurality of drain pipes 8 are arranged along the width direction of the percolation tank 2. A plurality of water outlet holes are provided at the bottom of each drain pipe 8, and the drain pipes 8 are installed on the side of the grille plate 6.

[0043] In this way, as the water level in the sedimentation tank 1 rises, a part of the water will enter the drain pipe 8, and thus gradually flow to the right along the drain pipe 8, and the water at the bottom of the drain pipe 8 is continuously drained. This can achieve the effect of uniform drainage, enabling the filler to fully adsorb the microorganisms in the water and making reasonable use of the entire filler.

[0044] Plants for purifying water quality are planted on the filler of the percolation pond 2, specifically plants such as cannas and irises. It should be noted that plants such as cannas and irises consume elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water during growth and can also play a role in removing nitrogen and phosphorus.

[0045] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a retaining wall column is set every 5 m along the length direction of the ecological percolation ditch system. Further, a reinforced concrete transverse tie rod 5 is set every 7.5 m along the length direction of the percolation pond 2, and both ends of the transverse tie rod 5 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the percolation pond 2. By setting the retaining wall columns and the transverse tie rod 5, the overall strength and structural stability of the ecological percolation ditch system are enhanced. Embodiment

[0046] The application site is on a certain farmland drainage channel. The catchment area of the drainage ditch in this example is about 60,000 ㎡. According to the actual sampling and analysis measurement data, it can be seen that the application in this example has significant removal effects on total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen, all exceeding 50%. Among them, the removal rate of total phosphorus reaches 82.51%, and the removal rate of sediment is also close to 80%. For details, see Figure 5 .

[0047] Compared with the related technology, the ecological percolation ditch system provided by the present utility model for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] The present utility model provides an ecological percolation ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss. The farmland drainage containing nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants and sediment is discharged into the drainage ditch, and then flows into the sedimentation tank 1 from the water inlet of the sedimentation tank 1. Larger particulate matters in the water are deposited in the sedimentation tank 1, and then overflow from the weir body between the sedimentation tank 1 and the percolation pond 2 and flow into the water distribution component arranged above the filler of the percolation pond 2, and then evenly flow the water into the entire percolation pond 2. The filler in the percolation pond 2 can provide a habitat for microorganisms, enabling the microorganisms in the filler to form a biofilm. Through the physical adsorption of the filler, the biochemical action of the biofilm, and the adsorption and absorption of wetland plants, biological denitrification and biological phosphorus removal are carried out, so as to convert the nitrogen and phosphorus substances in the water body into nitrogen gas or inorganic phosphorus deposition. Further, the water seeping down along the filler flows into the pipe network component through the filter holes on the pipe network component, and the purified water flows into the outlet pond through the pipe network component and finally overflows and discharges through the outlet pond 3.

[0049] It can be seen that this ecological infiltration ditch system can withstand short-term high-intensity hydraulic loads, effectively treat nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage, and remove sediment therein, thereby reducing the discharge of non-point source pollutants in farmland, effectively preventing the siltation of drainage ditches and ponds, and improving their water self-purification ability. Moreover, this system has the advantages of low operation cost, effective control of farmland soil erosion, good nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect, no land occupation for transformation using the original drainage ditches, high environmental friendliness, and convenient maintenance.

[0050] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing non-point source pollutants and sediment loss in farmland, characterized in that: include: Sedimentation tanks, infiltration tanks, effluent tanks and pipe network components; The sedimentation tank, the infiltration tank and the water outlet tank are arranged in sequence along the same direction, and a water inlet is provided on the sedimentation tank, and the water inlet is connected to the drainage ditch; The infiltration tank is provided with fillers, the pipe network component is arranged in the infiltration tank along the water flow direction, and one end of the pipe network component close to the outlet tank extends into the outlet tank, the pipe network component is buried at the bottom of the fillers, and a plurality of filtering holes are evenly arranged on the pipe network component.

2. The ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pipe network assembly includes a plurality of filter tubes, which are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the water flow, one end of each filter tube is close to the sedimentation tank, and the other end of each filter tube passes through the infiltration tank and extends to the water outlet tank.

3. The ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The filter holes are arranged on the filter tube, and the outer side of the filter tube is wrapped with gauze.

4. The ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top surface of the weir body connecting the sedimentation tank and the infiltration tank is equipped with a grid plate for filtering.

5. The ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A water distribution assembly is arranged above the filler in the infiltration tank. The water distribution assembly includes a plurality of drainage pipes arranged along a direction perpendicular to the water flow. Each of the drainage pipes is provided with a plurality of water outlets. One end of the drainage pipe faces the grid plate.

6. The ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A filter screen is provided at one end of the drain pipe close to the grille plate.

7. The ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The height of the weir connecting the sedimentation tank and the infiltration tank is lower than the depth of the sedimentation tank.

8. The ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A water retaining plate is provided on the top of the weir body between the infiltration tank and the water outlet tank.

9. The ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The filler comprises ceramsite, activated carbon and coarse sand.

10. The ecological infiltration ditch system for preventing farmland non-point source pollutants and sediment loss according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Plants for purifying water are planted on the filler of the infiltration tank.

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