Heat collector and photovoltaic photo-thermal system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a heat collector and a photovoltaic photo-thermal system.The heat collector comprises a flow channel plate, and at least one flow channel is formed in the flow channel plate and used for allowing a refrigerant to pass through; the direction perpendicular to the main plane of the runner plate is the height direction of the runner, and the height of the runner is larger than or equal to 2.5 mm; the direction perpendicular to the flow channel extending direction and the flow channel height direction serves as the flow channel width direction, and the width of the flow channel is larger than or equal to 12 mm; and under the pressure of 3 Bar, the maximum deformation of the runner is smaller than or equal to 0.15 mm. According to the heat collector, the width and the height of the flow channel are designed, so that the heat collector meets the high heat collection rate and the low flow resistance; and meanwhile, the maximum deformation amount of the flow channel under the preset pressure is limited, so that the requirement for high compressive strength of the heat collector is met. The heat collector is excellent in performance and meets the use requirements under common working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of thermal collection, and specifically relates to thermal collectors and photovoltaic thermal systems. Background Art

[0002] In refrigeration equipment, battery modules, photovoltaic / thermal systems and other equipment that require heat dissipation and heat exchange, a collector is usually provided to remove heat. For example, in a photovoltaic / thermal system, when the photovoltaic panel is exposed to solar energy, the temperature rise will further reduce the performance of the photovoltaic cell unit and weaken the energy utilization rate; the collector can remove the heat on the surface of the photovoltaic panel through water or a refrigeration cycle system. On the one hand, it can reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic panel surface and improve its photoelectric conversion rate. On the other hand, the heat collected by the collector can be used, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the entire system.

[0003] Among them, the performance of related equipment such as photovoltaic / thermal systems is affected by the performance of the collector. Therefore, how to improve the performance of the collector is an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a collector and a photovoltaic thermal system to solve the technical problem of improving the performance of the collector.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in the present application is: a collector, comprising a flow channel plate, on which at least one flow channel is formed for refrigerant to pass through; the direction perpendicular to the main plane of the flow channel plate is the flow channel height direction, and the height of the flow channel is greater than or equal to 2.5 mm; the direction perpendicular to the flow channel extension direction and the flow channel height direction is the flow channel width direction, and the width of the flow channel is greater than or equal to 12 mm; under a pressure of 3 Bar, the maximum deformation of the flow channel is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present application, the height of the flow channel is less than or equal to 4.5 mm, the width of the flow channel is less than or equal to 16.5 mm, and the wall thickness of the flow channel is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present application, the wall thickness of the flow channel is less than or equal to 1.2 mm.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present application, the transverse ribs of adjacent transverse rib groups correspond to each other one by one and are connected in sequence.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present application, the flow channel plate is made of aluminum alloy or copper alloy.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present application, the flow channel plate is also formed with an inlet for the refrigerant to enter and an outlet for the refrigerant to flow out, and the flow channel includes: a liquid inlet flow channel connected to the inlet; a liquid outlet flow channel connected to the outlet; and a branch flow channel group connecting the liquid inlet flow channel and the liquid outlet flow channel.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present application, at least one liquid inlet channel is provided, at least one liquid outlet channel is correspondingly provided, at least one branch channel group is provided, and each branch channel group includes a plurality of sub-channels; the plurality of sub-channels of each branch channel group divert the refrigerant flowing into the corresponding liquid inlet channel and converge the refrigerant to the corresponding liquid outlet channel.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, two liquid inlet channels are provided, two liquid outlet channels are provided, and two branch channel groups are provided accordingly, and each branch channel group includes three sub-channels.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present application, the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are arranged side by side and adjacent to each other, the branch channel group extends outward from the liquid inlet channel and spirals back to the liquid outlet channel, and the branch channel group is arranged side by side and adjacent to each other.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present application, a functional area is provided on the flow channel plate, and the multiple sub-flow channels in the branch flow channel group flowing through the flow channel are at least partially merged and then diverged to avoid the functional area.

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the present application is: a photovoltaic thermal system, comprising a photovoltaic panel and a collector as described above, wherein the collector is arranged in close contact with the photovoltaic panel.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the collector of the present application includes a flow channel plate, and at least one flow channel is formed on the flow channel plate for the refrigerant to pass through. The collector in the present application adopts the form of a flow channel plate, and the flow channel is integrally formed on the flow channel plate. First, the flow channel is different from the copper tube structure, and the flow channel forms a surface contact with the heat source module, which increases the heat exchange area and the surface flatness of the collector, and improves the reliability and heat dissipation efficiency of the collector. Secondly, under the same installation environment, the width of the flow channel formed in the form of a flow channel plate can be significantly increased compared to the copper tube, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the flow path, reducing the pressure loss, and reducing the power consumption of the power pump. Finally, the forming process of the flow channel plate is different from that of the copper tube, and there is no minimum turning radius due to the difficulty of processing. The flow channel and spacing ratio on the flow channel plate can be optimized according to actual needs. Under the condition of meeting the pressure resistance and burst performance, the coverage area of ​​the flow channel on the flow channel plate can be increased, and its heat collection efficiency can be improved.

[0017] In addition, the present application designs the width and height of the flow channel so that the collector of the present application meets the requirements of high heat collection rate and low flow resistance; at the same time, the present application limits the maximum deformation of the flow channel under a predetermined pressure to achieve the high compressive strength requirements of the collector of the present application. The collector of the present application achieves a high heat collection rate, low flow resistance and low pressure drop while ensuring the high compressive strength requirements. The performance of the collector is excellent, meeting the use requirements under common working conditions, especially meeting the use in photovoltaic thermal systems, and improving the energy utilization, reliability and service life of photovoltaic thermal systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a heat collector of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of a heat collector of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a fitting trend diagram of the maximum deformation of a specific embodiment of a heat collector of the present application as a function of the flow channel width, height and wall thickness;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a temperature distribution diagram of a specific embodiment of the heat collector of the present application used in a photovoltaic thermal system;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a heat collector of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 It is another partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the collector of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only some structures related to the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, rather than all structures. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0027] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In traditional collectors, the design of the collector usually adopts a copper tube structure, and the copper tube design is often a serpentine structure. However, there are some problems with the copper tube collector. First, the bonding between the copper tube and the heat source module such as the photovoltaic panel is a line-to-surface bonding, and the contact area is very small, which is prone to local unreliable bonding. Second, the total flow channel required to cover the entire back of the heat source module such as the photovoltaic panel through the serpentine copper tube structure is very long, and the diameter of the copper tube is small. Therefore, the flow resistance of the refrigerant through the entire collector is large, and the power consumption requirements of the system are high. Third, due to the difficulty of processing, the copper tube coil has a minimum turning radius. There is often a gap between the copper tubes, and the gap is usually larger than the size of the copper tube. The heat source module such as the photovoltaic panel at the gap is not fully cooled, which may cause uneven temperature on the surface of the heat source module such as the photovoltaic panel due to uneven cooling.

[0030] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a collector of the present application.

[0031] An embodiment of the present application provides a heat collector 100. The heat collector 100 includes a flow channel plate 110, on which at least one flow channel 111 is formed for refrigerant to pass. The heat collector 100 in the present application adopts the form of a flow channel plate 110, and the flow channel 111 is integrally formed on the flow channel plate 110. First, the flow channel 111 is different from the copper tube structure, and the flow channel 111 forms a surface contact with the heat source module, which increases the heat exchange area, improves the surface flatness of the heat collector 100, and enhances the reliability and heat dissipation efficiency of the heat collector 100. Secondly, under the same installation environment, the width of the flow channel 111 formed in the form of the flow channel plate 110 can be significantly increased compared to the copper tube, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the flow path, reducing the pressure loss, and reducing the power consumption of the power pump. Finally, the forming process of the flow channel plate 110 is different from that of the copper tube. There is no minimum turning radius due to processing difficulty. The flow channel 111 and the spacing ratio on the flow channel plate 110 can be optimized according to actual needs. While meeting the pressure resistance and explosion performance, the coverage area of ​​the flow channel 111 on the flow channel plate 110 can be increased to improve its heat collection efficiency.

[0032] Specifically, the flow channel 111 on the flow channel plate 110 is formed by die-casting or stamping and brazing processes, and the flow channel 111 is integrally formed on the flow channel plate 110 .

[0033] Therefore, the collector 100 of the present application adopts a flow channel plate 110, and a flow channel 111 is formed on the flow channel plate 110 for the refrigerant to pass through. Compared with the flow channel 111 formed by a copper tube, the collector 100 of the present application has the advantages of low flow resistance, low power consumption, large contact area, high heat exchange efficiency, and high flatness.

[0034] In some embodiments, the flow channel plate 110 includes a first heat exchange plate and a second heat exchange plate, a groove is formed on the first heat exchange plate, and the first heat exchange plate and the second heat exchange plate are fixed together so that the groove wall of the groove and the second heat exchange plate enclose the flow channel 111. The groove on the first heat exchange plate can be formed by die casting or stamping brazing process. Of course, in other embodiments, a first groove can be formed on the first heat exchange plate, and a second groove can be correspondingly formed on the second heat exchange plate, and the groove wall of the first groove and the groove wall of the second groove enclose the flow channel 111.

[0035] In addition, the inventor of the present application has found through long-term research that in the application scenarios of photovoltaic thermal systems and other equipment, the heat collection efficiency and flow resistance performance of the collector 100 affect the performance of photovoltaic thermal systems and other equipment. In addition, the reliability and life requirements of the collector 100 are also particularly important. Therefore, an embodiment of the present application provides a collector 100, which achieves a high heat collection rate and low flow resistance of the collector 100 while ensuring high compressive strength requirements.

[0036] Please continue reading Figure 2 , Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an embodiment of a heat collector of the present application.

[0037] In some embodiments, the direction perpendicular to the main plane of the flow channel plate 110 is the height direction of the flow channel 111, and the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the flow channel 111 and the height direction of the flow channel 111 is the width direction of the flow channel 111. The height H of the flow channel 111 is greater than or equal to 2.5 mm, and the width W of the flow channel 111 is greater than or equal to 12 mm. Under a pressure of 3 Bar, the maximum deformation of the flow channel 111 is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.

[0038] Within the above height and width range, the height H and width W of the flow channel 111 of the present application are suitable, and the refrigerant has low flow resistance and low pressure drop in the flow channel 111 of the present application. Taking the refrigerant as pure water with a flow rate of 1L / min and a total flow path length of 1m along the flow channel 111 as an example, the collector 100 in the embodiment of the present application is used, and the flow resistance pressure drop is less than 2000Pa, which meets the use requirements, especially the pressure drop limit of the collector 100 in the photovoltaic thermal system.

[0039] In addition, through the simulation experiment, the surface stress distribution of the flow channel plate 110 and the deformation distribution of the flow channel 111 can be obtained, and it can be known that the maximum deformation of the flow channel 111 is positively correlated with the stress magnitude. The present application sets the flow channel plate 110 in the collector 100 under a pressure of 3 Bar, and the maximum deformation of the flow channel 111 is less than or equal to 0.15 mm. Within this range, the pressure resistance of the flow channel plate 110 is high, which meets the use requirements of the collector 100, and the collector 100 has high reliability and long service life.

[0040] As can be seen from the above content, the present application designs the width W and height H of the flow channel 111 so that the collector 100 of the present application meets the high heat collection rate and low flow resistance; at the same time, the present application limits the maximum deformation of the flow channel 111 under a predetermined pressure to achieve the high compressive strength requirement of the collector 100 of the present application. The collector 100 of the present application achieves a high heat collection rate, low flow resistance and low pressure drop while ensuring the high compressive strength requirement. The performance of the collector 100 is excellent, meeting the use requirements under common working conditions, especially meeting the use in photovoltaic thermal systems, and improving the energy utilization, reliability and service life of photovoltaic thermal systems.

[0041] It should be noted that the height H of the flow channel 111 in the present application refers to the net height of the space for the refrigerant to pass through the flow channel 111; similarly, the width W of the flow channel 111 in the present application refers to the net width W of the space for the refrigerant to pass through the flow channel 111. The cross section of the flow channel 111 is a square structure as a whole. During the process of forming the flow channel 111 and in order to optimize the refrigerant flow path and other design requirements, there may be arc-shaped chamfered structures at the corners of the cross section of the flow channel 111. The height H of the flow channel 111 in the present application refers to the height and width of the effective area space mainly used for the refrigerant to flow through.

[0042] It is not difficult to understand that the greater the height H and width W of the flow channel 111, the better the heat collection efficiency and flow resistance performance. However, the increase in the height H and width W of the flow channel 111 means the sacrifice of compressive strength. Therefore, in order to achieve that the maximum deformation of the flow channel 111 of the flow channel plate 110 in the collector 100 is less than or equal to 0.15 mm under a pressure of 3 Bar, in some embodiments, the height H of the flow channel 111 is less than or equal to 4.5 mm, the width W of the flow channel 111 is less than or equal to 16.5 mm, and the wall thickness T of the flow channel 111 is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm. In order to ensure that the collector 100 has high compressive strength, high heat collection rate, low flow resistance and low pressure drop, the present application designs the upper limits of the height H and width W of the flow channel 111, and at the same time cooperates with the design of the wall thickness T of the flow channel 111. The various parameters cooperate with each other and are reasonably designed. The relevant parameters of the flow channel 111 are within this range. While ensuring the low flow resistance, low pressure drop and high heat collection rate of the collector 100, it can ensure that the flow channel 111 has sufficient compressive strength to improve its reliability and service life.

[0043] It should be noted that the wall thickness T of the flow channel 111 in the present application refers to the thickness of the profile on the flow channel plate 110 used to form the flow channel 111 area.

[0044] The higher the wall thickness T of the flow channel 111, the greater its compressive strength, but it will bring a lot of cost waste in mass-produced products, and increase the thickness and weight of the collector 100 to a certain extent. In some embodiments, the wall thickness T of the flow channel 111 is less than or equal to 1.2 mm. At this time, the thickness of the flow channel 111 is reasonable, meets the compressive strength requirements, and reduces the thickness and weight of the collector 100 to a certain extent, which can reduce a lot of costs and improve economic benefits when the collector 100 is mass-produced; and the wall thickness T of the flow channel 111 within this range is reasonable, which can meet the needs of most use scenarios of the collector 100.

[0045] Specifically, the height H of the flow channel 111 is 2.5 mm-4.5 mm, such as 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm or 4.5 mm, etc. The width W of the flow channel 111 is 12 mm-16.5 mm, such as 12 mm, 13.5 mm, 15 mm or 16.5 mm, etc. The wall thickness T of the flow channel 111 is 0.8 mm-1.2 mm, such as 0.8 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm or 1.2 mm, etc.

[0046] In some embodiments, the flow channel plate 110 may be made of aluminum alloy or copper alloy. Aluminum alloy and copper alloy have high strength, high rigidity, and excellent thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. When used as the profile of the flow channel plate 110, the thermal conductivity and strength of the flow channel plate 110 can be improved, thereby improving the heat collection efficiency and compressive strength of the collector 100. In addition, aluminum alloy and copper alloy have good ductility and adhesion, and have good casting properties, and are suitable for use as the flow channel plate 110 to form the flow channel 111. Of course, in other embodiments, other metal or non-metal materials with the same or equivalent properties can also be used.

[0047] Specifically, materials such as 3005 / 3005MOD aluminum alloy, 3003 / 3003MOD aluminum alloy, 4343 / 4343MOD aluminum alloy, 4045 / 4045MOD aluminum alloy or 6061 / 6061MOD aluminum alloy may be used.

[0048] The following further illustrates, in conjunction with the embodiments, that the parameter design of the flow channel 111 in the present application can ensure that the flow channel 111 has sufficient pressure resistance:

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the height H parameter of the flow channel 111 is set to three groups, 2mm, 3.5mm, and 5mm respectively; the width W parameter of the flow channel 111 is set to three groups, 12mm, 18mm, and 24mm respectively; the wall thickness T parameter of the flow channel 111 is set to three groups, 0.6mm, 1mm, and 1.4mm respectively. Therefore, the structural mechanics simulation is 3×3×3=27 groups in total. The stress distribution and deformation distribution of the flow channel 111 surface can be read out through the cloud map, and the maximum deformation is positively correlated with the stress magnitude.

[0050] The relationship between the maximum deformation of the flow channel 111 and the height H, width W and wall thickness T of the flow channel 111 is fitted, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 It is the fitting trend of the maximum deformation of a specific implementation manner of the collector of the present application with the change of the flow channel width, height and wall thickness. According to the maximum deformation standard and combined with partial interpolation, it can be known that the height H of the flow channel 111 is less than or equal to 4.5 mm, the width W of the flow channel 111 is less than or equal to 16.5 mm, and the wall thickness T of the flow channel 111 is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm. At this time, the flow channel plate 110 in the collector 100 of the present application is set at a pressure of 3 Bar, and the maximum deformation of the flow channel 111 is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.

[0051] In another specific embodiment, the flow channel plate 110 designed to meet the parameters of this application is Example 1. The dimensions of the flow channel plate 110 of Example 1 are 2000mm long × 1000mm wide, the height H of the flow channel 111 is 3.5mm, the width W of the flow channel 111 is 18mm, and the wall thickness T of the flow channel 111 is 1.2mm. The flow channel plate of the collector of Comparative Example 1 is formed by the inflation cold plate process, with a flow channel width of 10mm, an average flow channel height of 1.2mm (the flow channel height of the inflation process is inconsistent everywhere, 1.2 is the average value), and a wall thickness of 0.9mm. Pure water is used as the refrigerant, and the performance of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is tested, as shown in Table 1 below:

[0052] Table 1:

[0053]

[0054] As can be seen from Table 1 above, the pressure drop of the whole panel of Example 1 is low and is far lower than the industry average (about 0.4 Bar). Its flow channel 111 covers a large area, and the photovoltaic panel heat collection efficiency (heat recovery efficiency) can reach more than 70%. In addition, the pressure resistance of Example 1 is above 3 Bar, and the burst is above 10 Bar. Under the simulated light intensity of 1000W / m 2 , under the condition of coolant flow rate of 5L / min, the temperature difference of the whole board can be lower than 5℃.

[0055] In addition, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a temperature distribution diagram of a specific embodiment of the solar collector of the present application used in a photovoltaic thermal system. At this time, when the refrigerant is pure water and the flow rate is 5L / min, the surface temperature distribution of the photovoltaic panel of Comparative Example 1 (left) and Example 1 (right) is compared. It can be intuitively found that the average temperature and temperature uniformity of the photovoltaic panel surface are better when the solar collector of Example 1 of the present application is used.

[0056] Please continue reading Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a heat collector of the present application; Figure 6 It is another partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the collector of the present application.

[0057] In addition to the above-mentioned design of the parameters of the flow channel 111, the present application also provides an embodiment to refine the distribution of the flow channel 111 on the flow channel plate 110. In some embodiments, the flow channel plate 110 is formed with an inlet 112 for the refrigerant to enter and an outlet 113 for the refrigerant to flow out. The flow channel 111 includes an inlet flow channel 114, an outlet flow channel 115 and a branch flow channel group 116. The inlet flow channel 114 is connected to the inlet 112, the outlet flow channel 115 is connected to the outlet 113, and the branch flow channel group 116 is connected to the inlet flow channel 114 and the outlet flow channel 115. The inlet flow channel 114, the outlet flow channel 115 and the branch flow channel group 116 are distributed and covered on the flow channel plate 110. The branch flow channel group 116 extends and spirals on the flow channel plate 110. The refrigerant flows through the inlet flow channel 114, the branch flow channel group 116 and the outlet flow channel 115 in sequence, and can effectively collect the heat of the area through which it flows. On the premise that the pressure resistance requirement of the collector 100 is met, the flow channel 111 can cover the area on the flow channel plate 110 that can cover the flow channel 111 , thereby increasing the coverage area of ​​the flow channel 111 on the flow channel plate 110 .

[0058] In some embodiments, at least one liquid inlet channel 114 is provided. At least one liquid outlet channel 115 is provided. At least one branch channel group 116 is provided correspondingly. The liquid inlet channel 114, the branch channel group 116 and the liquid outlet channel 115 are provided one by one. Among them, each branch channel group 116 includes a plurality of sub-channels 1161, and the refrigerant flows into the liquid inlet channel 114 from the inlet 112. The liquid inlet channel 114 diverts the refrigerant and flows into the plurality of sub-channels 1161 of the corresponding branch channel group 116. After the refrigerant flows through the plurality of sub-channels 1161, it converges into the corresponding liquid outlet channel 115, and flows out from the liquid outlet channel 115 through the outlet 113. By providing the branch channel group 116, the branch channel group 116 includes a plurality of sub-channels 1161, and the number of passages through which the refrigerant can flow is increased, which can effectively reduce the flow resistance of the entire channel plate 110, thereby reducing the power consumption of the power pump.

[0059] It should be noted that the parameters of width W, height H and wall thickness T of the liquid inlet channel 114, the sub-channel 1161 in the branch channel group 116, and the liquid outlet channel 115 may be consistent or inconsistent, but they all meet the design requirements of the channel 111 in the above-mentioned embodiments. Therefore, the design of the channel 111 in the embodiment of the present application is stable, which meets the low flow resistance, low pressure drop and high heat collection rate of the collector 100, while ensuring that the channel 111 has sufficient pressure resistance.

[0060] Specifically, two liquid inlet channels 114 are provided, two liquid outlet channels 115 are provided, and two branch channel groups 116 are provided accordingly, and the branch channel group 116 includes three sub-channels 1161. The refrigerant is diverted from the inlet 112 to the two liquid inlet channels 114, the number of refrigerant passages increases, and the flow resistance of the entire channel plate 110 is reduced. Each liquid inlet channel 114 is diverted to the corresponding three sub-channels 1161, the number of refrigerant passages further increases, and the overall flow resistance of the channel plate 110 is further reduced. The refrigerants of the three sub-channels 1161 of the two groups of branch channel groups 116 are respectively converged into the corresponding liquid outlet channels 115, and the refrigerant converges from the two liquid outlet channels 115 to the outlet 113, and flows out through the outlet 113. At this time, the number of sub-channels 1161 in the liquid inlet channel 114, the liquid outlet channel 115 and the branch channel group 116 is reasonable, which not only reduces the flow resistance of the entire channel plate 110, thereby reducing the pressure drop, but also avoids uneven distribution of refrigerant due to too many channels. The refrigerant flow is uniform and the overall temperature of the channel plate 110 is balanced, avoiding uneven cooling of the heat source module used and affecting performance.

[0061] Of course, in other embodiments, the liquid inlet channel 114 may be provided with one, three or more liquid outlet channels 115; the branch channel groups 116 may be provided with one, three or more groups, and each group of branch channel 111 may include one, two, four or more channels, which can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0062] When the collector 100 is performing heat dissipation, the temperature of the refrigerant when it flows into the inlet channel 114 is relatively low, and this area is close to the inlet 112 area. The temperature of the refrigerant when it flows into the outlet channel 115 is relatively high, and this area is close to the outlet 113 area. In order to reduce the temperature difference between the inlet 112 and outlet 113 areas of the flow channel plate 110, in some embodiments, the inlet channel 114 and the outlet channel 115 are arranged side by side, and the branch channel group 116 extends outward from the inlet channel 114 and spirals back to the outlet channel 115. The branch channel group 116 is arranged side by side and adjacent to each other. Since the inlet channel 114 and the outlet channel 115 are arranged side by side and adjacent to each other, and the branch channel group 116 is arranged side by side and adjacent to each other, through the design of alternating hot and cold, high and low temperature refrigerants exist in this area at the same time, which can be mixed and offset each other, balance the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet 113 areas, and achieve temperature balance of the entire flow channel plate 110.

[0063] The collector 100 may need to be used to set other elements or to avoid other components. For example, when the collector 100 is used in a photovoltaic thermal system, the flow channel plate 110 needs to be hollowed out to avoid the wiring requirements of the photovoltaic panels. In some embodiments, a functional area 120 is provided on the flow channel plate 110, and the functional area 120 can be used to set other elements or to avoid other components. The multiple sub-channels 1161 of the branch flow channel group 116 that flows through at least partially converge to avoid the functional area 120 and then are diverted into the original multiple sub-channels 1161. The branch flow channel group 116 can both maintain the function of the refrigerant passage and avoid the functional area 120, thereby improving the adaptability of the collector 100.

[0064] In a specific embodiment, taking the size of a photovoltaic panel in a conventional photovoltaic thermal system as an example, the conventional size of a photovoltaic panel is 2000 mm long × 1000 mm wide. The flow channel plate 110 includes a first side 101 and a second side 102 arranged opposite to each other, and a third side 103 and a fourth side 104 arranged opposite to each other, and a functional area 120 is arranged in the middle of the flow channel plate 110. The inlet 112 and the outlet 113 are located in the middle of the first side 101, and two liquid inlet channels 114 extend from the inlet 112 to the third side 103 and the fourth side 104 respectively, and two liquid outlet channels 115 extend from the outlet 113 to the third side 103 and the fourth side 104 respectively. One of the branch flow channel groups 116 is connected to the liquid inlet flow channel 114 extending toward the third side 103 and extending toward the second side 102. The branch flow channel group 116 makes three 180° turns toward the third side 103 in the half area close to the second side 102, and then extends to the first side 101. Similarly, it makes two 180° turns toward the fourth side 104 in the half area close to the first side 101, until it is connected to the liquid outlet flow channel 115. Symmetrically, another group of branch flow channel groups 116 is connected to the liquid inlet flow channel 114 extending toward the fourth side 104 and extending to the second side 102. The branch flow channel group 116 makes three 180° turns toward the fourth side 104 in the half area close to the second side 102, and then extends to the first side 101. Similarly, it makes two 180° turns toward the third side 103 in the half area close to the first side 101, until it is connected to the liquid outlet flow channel 115.

[0065] The flow channel plate 110 is symmetrically arranged, and the overall flow channel 111 is evenly distributed. On the premise of meeting the pressure resistance requirements of the collector 100, the flow channel 111 covers the area on the flow channel plate 110 that can cover the flow channel 111, with high heat collection efficiency, small flow resistance, low pressure drop, and uniform refrigerant flow; and, the alternating countercurrent design of hot and cold refrigerants in the inlet and outlet 113 areas reduces the local temperature difference, and the overall temperature of the flow channel plate 110 is balanced, with high overall performance.

[0066] Another embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic thermal system. The photovoltaic thermal system includes a photovoltaic panel and a heat collector 100 in any of the above embodiments. The heat collector 100 is arranged in close contact with the photovoltaic panel.

[0067] The collector 100 of the present application adopts a flow channel plate 110, and a flow channel 111 is formed on the flow channel plate 110 for the refrigerant to pass through. Compared with the flow channel 111 formed by a copper tube, the collector 100 of the present application has the advantages of low flow resistance, low power consumption, large contact area, high heat exchange efficiency and high flatness. The present application designs the width W and height H of the flow channel 111 on the flow channel plate 110 so that the collector 100 meets the high heat collection rate and low flow resistance; at the same time, the present application limits the maximum deformation of the flow channel 111 under a predetermined pressure to achieve the high pressure resistance strength requirements of the collector 100 of the present application. The collector 100 of the present application achieves a high heat collection rate, low flow resistance and low pressure drop while ensuring the high pressure resistance requirements. The performance of the collector 100 is excellent, which meets the use in photovoltaic thermal systems and improves the energy utilization, reliability and service life of photovoltaic thermal systems.

[0068] The flow channel plate 110 of the collector 100 and the photovoltaic panel are combined by lamination or bonding, and the bonding agent is an EVA film or other materials with similar properties.

[0069] It should be noted that the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical, but can be slightly tilted; the terms "parallel" and "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are absolutely parallel or vertical, but can form a certain angle deviation. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. In addition, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the present application is usually placed when used, which is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0070] It is to be understood that the meaning of "plurality" herein is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless there is a special limitation. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0071] The above description is only an implementation method of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A heat collector, characterized in that: It includes a flow channel plate, wherein at least one flow channel is formed on the flow channel plate for allowing the refrigerant to pass through; Taking the direction perpendicular to the main plane of the flow channel plate as the height direction of the flow channel, the height of the flow channel is greater than or equal to 2.5 mm; taking the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the flow channel and the height direction of the flow channel as the width direction of the flow channel, the width of the flow channel is greater than or equal to 12 mm; under a pressure of 3 Bar, the maximum deformation of the flow channel is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.

2. The collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the flow channel is less than or equal to 4.5 mm, the width of the flow channel is less than or equal to 16.5 mm, and the wall thickness of the flow channel is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm.

3. The collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wall thickness of the flow channel is less than or equal to 1.2 mm.

4. The collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow channel plate is made of aluminum alloy or copper alloy.

5. The collector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The flow channel plate is also formed with an inlet for the refrigerant to enter and an outlet for the refrigerant to flow out, and the flow channel includes: A liquid inlet channel connected to the inlet; A liquid outlet channel connected to the outlet; The branch flow channel group connects the liquid inlet flow channel and the liquid outlet flow channel.

6. The heat collector according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one liquid inlet channel is provided, at least one liquid outlet channel is provided, and at least one branch channel group is provided accordingly, and each branch channel group includes a plurality of sub-channels; the plurality of sub-channels of each branch channel group divert the refrigerant flowing into the corresponding liquid inlet channel and converge the refrigerant to the corresponding liquid outlet channel.

7. The heat collector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid inlet flow channels are provided with two, the liquid outlet flow channels are provided with two, and the branch flow channel groups are provided with two corresponding groups, and each group of the branch flow channel groups includes three sub-flow channels.

8. The heat collector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are arranged side by side and adjacent to each other. The branch channel group extends outward from the liquid inlet channel and spirals back to the liquid outlet channel. The branch channel group is arranged side by side and adjacent to each other.

9. The heat collector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow channel plate is provided with a functional area, and the plurality of sub-flow channels in the branch flow channel group flowing through the flow channel are at least partially merged and then diverged to avoid the functional area.

10. A photovoltaic thermal system, characterized in that: It comprises a photovoltaic panel and a heat collector as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the heat collector is arranged in close contact with the photovoltaic panel.

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