Lathe C shaft capable of guaranteeing transmission precision and provided with gear shifting gearbox
By designing a solution with a shift mechanism in the lathe C-axis, the problem of C-axis accuracy not meeting the standard caused by excessive transmission clearance of the two-speed gearbox is solved, and higher transmission accuracy and size and surface quality of the processed parts are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422104726.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-29
AI Technical Summary
The lathe is equipped with a two-speed gear box. When the C-axis function is realized through the spindle motor, due to the gear meshing clearance, bearing clearance, and wear of internal parts of the gear box, the dual-speed gear box has a certain transmission gap, resulting in the C-axis accuracy not meeting the standards, affecting the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the machining parts.
A lathe C-axis with a gear shifting mechanism is designed. By setting a gear shifting mechanism, the C-axis function of the lathe is realized, the transmission clearance is reduced, and the transmission accuracy is ensured. The gear shifting mechanism includes bearing seat, connecting rod, servo motor, precision reducer, driving gear, driven gear, rotating shaft and oil cylinder. Through the coordination of the servo motor and precision reducer, the meshing and disengagement between the driving gear and the driven gear is realized, and the transmission clearance is adjusted.
By setting up a gear shift mechanism, the problem of C-axis accuracy not meeting the standard caused by excessive transmission clearance of the two-speed gearbox is solved, the transmission accuracy is ensured, and the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the processed parts are improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222957527U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of lathes, and particularly relates to a lathe C-axis with a shift gearbox for ensuring transmission accuracy. Background Technique
[0002] In the field of machining, the lathe C-axis is usually used to realize the rotation and positioning of parts to meet specific machining requirements, such as turning, drilling, milling, etc. With the improvement of machining requirements, the accuracy requirements for the lathe C-axis are also getting higher and higher. In traditional lathe configurations, in order to realize the C-axis function, the main spindle motor is often used to drive through a two-speed gearbox. The two-speed gearbox can provide two different speeds to meet different machining requirements.
[0003] However, in actual applications, when the lathe is configured with a two-speed gearbox and the C-axis function is realized through the main spindle motor, due to reasons such as gear meshing clearance, bearing clearance, and wear of internal parts of the gearbox, there is a certain transmission clearance in the two-speed gearbox, resulting in the problem that the accuracy of the C-axis does not meet the standard. This not only affects the dimensional accuracy of the machined parts but also may affect the surface quality of the parts, thus reducing the qualified rate of products. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] In order to overcome the problem that when the lathe is configured with a two-speed gearbox and the C-axis function is realized through the main spindle motor, due to reasons such as gear meshing clearance, bearing clearance, and wear of internal parts of the gearbox, there is a certain transmission clearance in the two-speed gearbox, resulting in the problem that the accuracy of the C-axis does not meet the standard, which not only affects the dimensional accuracy of the machined parts but also may affect the surface quality of the parts, thus reducing the qualified rate of products, the utility model provides a lathe C-axis with a shift gearbox for ensuring transmission accuracy; by setting a shifting mechanism, the C-axis function of the lathe can be realized, solving the problem that when the lathe is configured with a two-speed gearbox and the C-axis function is realized through the main spindle motor, the accuracy of the C-axis does not meet the standard due to the excessive transmission clearance of the two-speed gearbox, ensuring the transmission accuracy, and further improving the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the machined parts.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model is implemented through the following technical solutions: a lathe C-axis with a shifting gearbox that ensures transmission accuracy mainly includes a spindle, a shifting mechanism, a spindle motor, a two-speed gear gearbox, a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a synchronous belt. The spindle is installed on the headstock of the lathe through a bearing, a driven pulley is installed on the end of the spindle, the spindle motor and the two-speed gear gearbox are both installed on a bracket, the output shaft of the spindle motor is transmission-connected to the input shaft of the two-speed gear gearbox, a driving pulley is installed on the end of the output shaft of the two-speed gear gearbox, and the driving pulley and the driven pulley are transmission-connected through a synchronous belt; a shifting mechanism transmission-connected to the spindle is installed on the side wall of the lathe headstock, a controller is installed on the lathe, and the controller is electrically connected to the spindle motor and the shifting mechanism.
[0006] The shifting mechanism includes a bearing seat, a connecting rod, a servo motor, a precision reducer, a driving gear, a driven gear, a rotating shaft, and a cylinder. The bearing seat is installed on the side wall of the headstock, the middle part of the connecting rod is rotatably installed on the bearing seat through the rotating shaft, the top of the connecting rod is installed with a precision reducer, one side of the precision reducer is installed with a servo motor connected to it for transmission, the servo motor is electrically connected to the controller, the other side of the precision reducer is installed with a driving gear, the main shaft is installed with a driven gear meshing with the driving gear, a cylinder seat is installed on the side wall of the headstock, one end of the cylinder is hinged to the cylinder seat, and the end of the piston rod of the cylinder is hinged to the connecting rod through a connecting head.
[0007] An upper limit block for limiting the rotation angle of the upper end of the connecting rod is installed on the top of the front box, and the upper limit block is located at the top of the bearing seat. A lower limit block for limiting the rotation angle of the lower end of the connecting rod is installed on the side wall of the front box, and the lower limit block is located at the bottom of the bearing seat. A micro switch electrically connected to the servo motor is provided on the lower limit block, and an eccentric wheel that can contact the micro switch is installed on the end surface of the connecting rod by screws.
[0008] The lower limit block is threadedly connected with a limit screw for adjusting the swing angle of the connecting rod.
[0009] A brake disc is installed on the main shaft, and a brake caliper for braking the brake disc is installed on the top of the side wall of the head box.
[0010] Beneficial effects of the utility model:
[0011] The utility model can realize the C-axis function of the lathe by arranging the shift mechanism, solves the problem that when the lathe is equipped with a two-speed gearbox and the C-axis function is realized by the spindle motor, the C-axis accuracy does not meet the standard due to the excessive transmission clearance of the two-speed gearbox, the transmission accuracy is guaranteed, and the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the processed parts are further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation state of the present utility model.
[0013] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation state of the shift mechanism.
[0014] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The partial enlarged view at position A in
[0015] Figure 4 It is an isometric view of the present utility model.
[0016] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The partial enlarged view at position B in
[0017] Figure 6 It is a plan schematic diagram of the installation state of the shift mechanism. Specific embodiments
[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present utility model clearer, the following will combine the drawings to detail the preferred embodiments of the present utility model for the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand.
[0019] The present utility model discloses a lathe C-axis with a shift gearbox for ensuring transmission accuracy. The lathe C-axis with a shift gearbox for ensuring transmission accuracy mainly includes a main shaft 1, a shift mechanism 2, a main shaft motor 3, a two-speed gearbox 4, a driving pulley 5, a driven pulley 6, and a synchronous belt 7. The main shaft 1 is installed on the headstock of the lathe through bearings. A driven pulley 6 is installed at the end of the main shaft 1. The main shaft motor 3 and the two-speed gearbox 4 are both installed on a bracket. The output shaft of the main shaft motor 3 is in transmission connection with the input shaft of the two-speed gearbox 4. A driving pulley 5 is installed at the end of the output shaft of the two-speed gearbox 4. The driving pulley 5 and the driven pulley 6 are in transmission connection through the synchronous belt 7. A shift mechanism 2 in transmission connection with the main shaft 1 is installed on the side wall of the lathe headstock. A controller is installed on the lathe and is electrically connected to the main shaft motor 3 and the shift mechanism 2. The shift mechanism 2 includes a bearing seat 201, a connecting rod 202, a servo motor 203, a precision reducer 204, a driving gear 205, a driven gear 206, a rotating shaft 207, and an oil cylinder 208. The bearing seat 201 is installed on the side wall of the headstock. The middle of the connecting rod 202 is rotatably installed on the bearing seat 201 through the rotating shaft 207. A precision reducer 204 is installed at the top of the connecting rod 202. A servo motor 203 in transmission connection with it is installed on one side of the precision reducer 204. The servo motor 203 is electrically connected to the controller. A driving gear 205 is installed on the other side of the precision reducer 204. A driven gear 206 meshing with the driving gear 205 is installed on the main shaft 1. An oil cylinder seat is installed on the side wall of the headstock. One end of the oil cylinder 208 is hinged to the oil cylinder seat, and the end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder 208 is hinged to the connecting rod 202 through a connector.
[0020] When the C-axis function of the lathe is not used, the oil cylinder 208 is started to work through the controller. The oil cylinder 208 drives the piston rod to retract, further driving the connecting rod 202 to rotate around the rotating shaft 207 on the bearing block 201, so that the driving gear 205 disengages from the driven gear 206. The main shaft motor 3 drives the two-speed gearbox 4 to work. The two-speed gearbox 4 drives the main shaft 1 to rotate through the cooperation of the driving belt pulley 5, the driven belt pulley 6 and the synchronous belt 7, and the workpiece is turned. When the C-axis function of the lathe is used, the main shaft motor 3 stops working. The oil cylinder 208 is started to work through the controller. The oil cylinder 208 drives the piston rod to extend, further driving the connecting rod 202 to rotate reversely around the rotating shaft 207 on the bearing block 201, so that the driving gear 205 meshes with the driven gear 206. Then, the servo motor 203 is started to work. After the servo motor 203 drives the precision reduction gearbox 4 to reduce the speed, the main shaft 1 is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the driving gear 205 and the driven gear 206, so as to realize the high-precision indexing of the C-axis and the C-axis linkage processing. By setting the shifting mechanism, the C-axis function of the lathe can be realized, and the problem that the C-axis accuracy does not meet the standard due to the too large transmission clearance of the two-speed gearbox when the C-axis function is realized by the main shaft motor in the lathe equipped with the two-speed gearbox is solved, the transmission accuracy is ensured, and the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the machined parts are further improved.
[0021] An upper limit block 209 for restricting the rotation angle of the upper end of the connecting rod 202 is installed at the top end of the headstock. The upper limit block 209 is located at the top end of the bearing block 201. A lower limit block 210 for restricting the rotation angle of the lower end of the connecting rod 202 is installed on the side wall of the headstock. The lower limit block 210 is located at the bottom end of the bearing block 201, and a microswitch 211 electrically connected to the servo motor 203 is arranged on the lower limit block 210. An eccentric wheel 212 that can contact the microswitch 211 is installed on the end face of the connecting rod 202 by screws. When the C-axis function of the lathe is used, during the rotation of the connecting rod 202, when the driving gear 205 meshes with the driven gear 206, the bottom end of the connecting rod 202 contacts and presses the microswitch 211 on the lower limit block 210 through the eccentric wheel 212, and the servo motor 203 is started to work through the microswitch 211. The operator can adjust the position of the eccentric wheel 212 to adjust the position where it triggers the microswitch 211.
[0022] A limit screw 213 for adjusting the swing angle of the connecting rod 202 is threadedly connected to the lower limit block 210. The operator adjusts the limit screw 213 on the lower limit block 210 to adjust the meshing clearance between the driving gear 205 and the driven gear 206, effectively reducing the transmission clearance caused by the gear meshing clearance or part wear, thereby improving the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the machined parts.
[0023] A brake disc 8 is mounted on the main shaft 1, and a brake caliper 9 for braking the brake disc 8 is mounted on the top of the side wall of the headstock.
[0024] Working process:
[0025] When the C-axis function of the lathe is not used, the oil cylinder 208 is started to work through the controller. The oil cylinder 208 drives the piston rod to retract, further driving the connecting rod 202 to rotate around the rotating shaft 207 on the bearing seat 201, so that the driving gear 205 disengages from the driven gear 206. The main shaft motor 3 drives the two-speed gearbox 4 to work. The two-speed gearbox 4 drives the main shaft 1 to rotate through the cooperation of the driving belt pulley 5, the driven belt pulley 6 and the synchronous belt 7, and the workpiece is turned. When the C-axis function of the lathe is used, the main shaft motor 3 stops working. The oil cylinder 208 is started to work through the controller. The oil cylinder 208 drives the piston rod to extend, further driving the connecting rod 202 to rotate reversely around the rotating shaft 207 on the bearing seat 201, so that the driving gear 205 meshes with the driven gear 206. At this time, the bottom end of the connecting rod 202 contacts and presses the microswitch 211 on the lower limit block 210 through the eccentric wheel 212. The microswitch 211 starts the servo motor 203 to work. After the servo motor 203 drives the precision reduction gear 4 to reduce the speed, the main shaft 1 is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the driving gear 205 and the driven gear 206, so as to realize the high-precision indexing of the C axis and the C-axis linkage processing. By setting the shifting mechanism, the C-axis function of the lathe can be realized, and the problem that the C-axis precision does not meet the standard due to the too large transmission clearance of the two-speed gearbox when the C-axis function of the lathe is realized through the main shaft motor is solved, the transmission precision is ensured, and the dimensional precision and surface quality of the machined parts are further improved.
[0026] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A lathe C-axis with a shifting gearbox to ensure transmission accuracy, characterized in that: The C axis of a lathe with a shifting gearbox for ensuring transmission accuracy comprises a main shaft (1), a shifting mechanism (2), a main shaft motor (3), a two-speed gearbox (4), a driving pulley (5), a driven pulley (6), and a synchronous belt (7). The main shaft (1) is mounted on a headstock of the lathe via a bearing, a driven pulley (6) is mounted at the end of the main shaft (1), the main shaft motor (3) and the two-speed gearbox (4) are mounted on a bracket, the output shaft of the main shaft motor (3) is transmission-connected to the input shaft of the two-speed gearbox (4), a driving pulley (5) is mounted at the end of the output shaft of the two-speed gearbox (4), and the driving pulley (5) and the driven pulley (6) are transmission-connected via a synchronous belt (7); a shifting mechanism (2) transmission-connected to the main shaft (1) is mounted on the side wall of the headstock of the lathe, and a controller is mounted on the lathe, and the controller is electrically connected to the main shaft motor (3) and the shifting mechanism (2).
2. A lathe C-axis with a shifting gearbox that ensures transmission accuracy as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The shift mechanism (2) comprises a bearing seat (201), a connecting rod (202), a servo motor (203), a precision reducer (204), a driving gear (205), a driven gear (206), a rotating shaft (207), and a cylinder (208). The bearing seat (201) is mounted on the side wall of the headstock. The middle part of the connecting rod (202) is rotatably mounted on the bearing seat (201) via the rotating shaft (207). The top end of the connecting rod (202) is mounted with a precision reducer (204). A servo motor (203) connected to the speed reducer (204) is installed on one side thereof, the servo motor (203) is electrically connected to the controller, a driving gear (205) is installed on the other side of the precision speed reducer (204), a driven gear (206) meshing with the driving gear (205) is installed on the main shaft (1), an oil cylinder seat is installed on the side wall of the head box, one end of the oil cylinder (208) is hinged on the oil cylinder seat, and the end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder (208) is hinged to the connecting rod (202) through a connector.
3. A lathe C-axis with a shifting gearbox that ensures transmission accuracy as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: An upper limit block (209) for limiting the rotation angle of the upper end of the connecting rod (202) is installed at the top of the front box, and the upper limit block (209) is located at the top of the bearing seat (201). A lower limit block (210) for limiting the rotation angle of the lower end of the connecting rod (202) is installed on the side wall of the front box, and the lower limit block (210) is located at the bottom of the bearing seat (201). A micro switch (211) electrically connected to the servo motor (203) is arranged on the lower limit block (210), and an eccentric wheel (212) that can contact the micro switch (211) is installed on the end surface of the connecting rod (202) by screws.
4. A lathe C-axis with a shifting gearbox that ensures transmission accuracy as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The lower limit block (210) is threadedly connected with a limit screw (213) for adjusting the swing angle of the connecting rod (202).
5. A lathe C-axis with a shifting gearbox that ensures transmission accuracy as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A brake disc (8) is mounted on the main shaft (1), and a brake caliper (9) for braking the brake disc (8) is mounted on the top of the side wall of the head box.