Quenching device for concave workpiece

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of heat treatment processing, and relates to a quenching device for a concave workpiece, which comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the outer cylinder is in a cylinder shape with an opening in the upper portion, the cylinder wall and the cylinder bottom of the outer cylinder are each in a grid shape hollowed out from inside to outside, a plurality of outer spraying holes with the spraying direction facing inwards are formed in the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder, and the size of the opening is larger than the radial size of a workpiece to be quenched. The inner barrel is cylindrical, and a plurality of inner spraying holes with the outward spraying direction are formed in the outer wall of the inner barrel; the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder share the same rotating shaft; the outer spraying hole and the inner spraying hole are respectively communicated to an output port of a high-pressure quenching medium source; the quenching device is provided with the inner spray hole and the outer spray hole, and the inner spray hole and the outer spray hole respectively spray high-pressure quenching media to the inner surface and the outer surface of the concave workpiece at the same time, so that the speed and the flow of the quenching media on the inner surface and the outer surface of the workpiece can be adjusted and controlled according to requirements; therefore, the quenching process requirements of the inner surface and the outer surface of the concave workpiece on different metal hardness can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of heat treatment processing, and particularly relates to a quenching device for concave workpieces. Background Art

[0002] Quenching is a commonly used metal heat treatment process, mainly used to improve the hardness and strength of metal materials. The quenching process usually involves the following steps: heating, holding, rapid cooling, and phase transformation. Among them, rapid cooling means that the metal after heating and holding is rapidly cooled, usually by immersing the heated and held metal in a quenching medium, such as water, oil, brine or gas. The cooling rate must be fast enough to avoid the formation of softer phases in the metal, but to promote the formation of martensite (or bainite) phases, which will significantly increase the hardness of the metal. Quenching has a wide range of applications, from manufacturing tools, cutters, bearings, springs, gears to special-purpose steels, such as occasions that require high hardness and wear resistance.

[0003] However, for concave workpieces with high metal hardness requirements on both the inner and outer surfaces, due to the differences in the speed and flow rate of the quenching medium entering the concave part and the quenching medium on the outer surface, the workpiece often fails to meet the designed hardness requirements during quenching. Especially when the concave part of the workpiece is a blind hole or a blind long hole, the existing quenching methods and devices cannot meet the requirements of the metal hardness on the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece with a blind hole or a blind long hole.

[0004] Therefore, a quenching device or quenching method for concave workpieces, especially workpieces with a blind hole or a blind long hole, is needed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: A quenching device for concave workpieces, comprising: an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder; the outer cylinder is in the shape of a cylinder with an opening at the upper part, the cylinder wall and the bottom of the outer cylinder are in a grid shape that is hollowed out from the inside to the outside, there are a plurality of outer spray holes with an inward spraying direction on the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder, and the size of the opening is larger than the radial size of the workpiece to be quenched; the inner cylinder is in a cylindrical shape, and there are a plurality of inner spray holes with an outward spraying direction on the outer wall of the inner cylinder; the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder have the same rotation axis; the outer spray holes and the inner spray holes are respectively connected to the output ports of a high-pressure quenching medium source.

[0006] Preferably, the side wall of the outer cylinder is composed of multiple vertical spray pipes. The inside of the spray pipes is hollow. The spray pipes are evenly distributed in a ring on the side wall of the outer cylinder. The outer spray holes are arranged on the side wall of the spray pipes. The outer spray holes communicate the inside and outside of the hollow cavity of the spray pipes. The spraying direction of the outer spray holes is horizontally inward along the radial direction. The outer spray holes are evenly distributed in the vertical direction along the length of the spray pipes. An annular water cavity is provided at the upper part of the outer cylinder. The inlet of the spray pipe communicates with the annular water cavity. The annular water cavity is provided with a first inlet, and the first inlet communicates with the output port of the high-pressure quenching medium source; the high-pressure quenching medium flows in from the first inlet and sequentially passes through the annular water cavity and the spray pipe and then sprays out from the outer spray holes.

[0007] Preferably, the inside of the inner cylinder is hollow. A second inlet is provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder. The inner spray holes are arranged on the side wall of the inner cylinder. The inner spray holes communicate the inside and outside of the hollow cavity of the inner cylinder. The inner spray holes are evenly distributed on the entire side wall and the top surface of the inner cylinder. The spraying direction of the inner spray holes on the side wall of the inner cylinder is horizontally outward along the radial direction. The spraying direction of the inner spray holes on the top surface of the inner cylinder is radially outward along the upper hemispherical surface. The second inlet communicates with the output port of the high-pressure quenching medium source; the high-pressure quenching medium flows in from the second inlet and sprays out through the inner spray holes.

[0008] More preferably, the lower end of the inner cylinder is detachably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the height position where the inner cylinder is connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder is adjustable.

[0009] Preferably, a cylindrical rotating cylinder is further arranged inside the outer cylinder. The upper part of the rotating cylinder is open. The opening size of the rotating cylinder is larger than the radial size of the workpiece to be quenched. The side wall and the bottom surface of the rotating cylinder are made of metal wire mesh. The mesh aperture of the metal wire mesh of the rotating cylinder is at least three times larger than the spray hole spacing of the outer spray holes. The upper part of the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the upper edge of the outer cylinder through a bearing. There is a spacing between the outer side wall and the outer bottom surface of the rotating cylinder and the inner side wall and the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder respectively. A wire mesh opening is provided at the bottom of the rotating cylinder. The inner cylinder extends upward through the wire mesh opening and then extends into the concave part of the workpiece to be quenched. The rotating cylinder and the outer cylinder have the same rotation axis.

[0010] More preferably, the upper part of the rotating cylinder is provided with a handle extending radially outward, and the front end of the handle extends outside the side wall of the outer cylinder.

[0011] More preferably, a driving motor is provided at the upper part of the rotating cylinder. The rotating cylinder is driven by the driving motor to rotate along the same rotation axis of the rotating cylinder and the outer cylinder. The driving methods of the driving motor include: gear transmission, chain transmission, and belt transmission.

[0012] Preferably, the quenching device is further provided with a quenching medium tank with an open upper part. The outer cylinder is detachably connected to the upper edge of the quenching medium tank.

[0013] More preferably, the high-pressure quenching medium source includes a submersible pump. The submersible pump is immersed in the quenching medium at the bottom of the quenching medium tank, and the outlet of the submersible pump is respectively communicated with the inlet of the outer cylinder and the inlet of the inner cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a first valve is connected in series between the outlet of the submersible pump and the inlet of the outer cylinder, and a second valve is connected in series between the outlet of the submersible pump and the inlet of the inner cylinder.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0016] 1. By providing two sets of spray holes, one inside and one outside, in the quenching device of the present utility model, and spraying high-pressure quenching medium onto the inner and outer surfaces of the concave workpiece simultaneously, the speed and flow rate of the quenching medium can be adjusted and controlled according to requirements during quenching of the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece. Thus, the quenching process requirements for different metal hardnesses on the inner and outer surfaces of the concave workpiece can be achieved.

[0017] 2. By using the hollow grid-shaped outer cylinder in combination with the quenching medium tank and the submersible pump, the high-pressure quenching medium sprayed from the two sets of spray holes can flow out in time, ensuring that the spraying of the quenching medium from the two sets of spray holes is not affected by the accumulation or residual quenching medium. At the same time, it can accelerate the recycling of the quenching medium. Therefore, the quenching environment is cleaner, the recycling of the quenching medium is more timely, and the quenching process effect is better. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is the front view of a quenching device for a concave workpiece of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the partial enlarged view in the direction A of

[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the exploded view;

[0021] Figure 4 is the front view of the quenching device with a quenching medium tank;

[0022] Figure 5 is the top view of the quenching device with a quenching medium tank.

[0023] In the figure, 1. outer cylinder; 2. inner cylinder; 3. opening; 4. outer spray hole; 5. workpiece to be quenched; 6. inner spray hole; 7. spray pipe; 8. annular water chamber; 9. first inlet; 10. second inlet; 11. rotating cylinder; 12. bearing; 13. wire mesh opening; 14. handle; 15. quenching medium tank; 16. submersible pump; 17. first valve; 18. second valve. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, the related technologies in the present utility model will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a quenching device for a concave workpiece in this embodiment includes: an outer cylinder 1 and an inner cylinder 2; the outer cylinder 1 is in the shape of a cylinder with an opening 3 at the upper part, the cylinder wall and the bottom of the outer cylinder 1 are in a grid shape that is hollowed out from the inside to the outside, a plurality of outer spray holes 4 with an inward spray direction are provided on the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder 1, and the size of the opening 3 is larger than the radial size of the workpiece 5 to be quenched; the inner cylinder 2 is in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of inner spray holes 6 with an outward spray direction are provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2; the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 share the same rotation axis; the outer spray holes 4 and the inner spray holes 6 are respectively connected to the output ports of a high-pressure quenching medium source; the outer spray holes 4 and the inner spray holes 6 respectively spray high-pressure quenching medium onto the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece 5 to be quenched at the same time, so that the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece can be adjusted and controlled according to requirements for the speed and flow rate of the quenching medium; thus, the quenching process requirements for different metal hardnesses of the inner and outer surfaces of the concave workpiece can be achieved.

[0026] Further, the side wall of the outer cylinder 1 is composed of a plurality of vertical spray pipes 7. The spray pipes 7 are hollow inside, and the spray pipes 7 are evenly distributed in a ring on the side wall of the outer cylinder 1. The outer spray holes 4 are provided on the side wall of the spray pipes 7. The outer spray holes 4 communicate the inside and outside of the hollow cavity of the spray pipes 7. The spray direction of the outer spray holes 4 is horizontally inward along the radial direction, and the outer spray holes 4 are evenly distributed in the vertical direction along the length of the spray pipes 7. An annular water cavity 8 is provided at the upper part of the outer cylinder 1. The inlets of the spray pipes 7 are connected to the annular water cavity 8. The annular water cavity 8 is provided with a first inlet 9, and the first inlet 9 is connected to the output port of the high-pressure quenching medium source; the high-pressure quenching medium flows in from the first inlet 9 and sequentially passes through the annular water cavity 8 and the spray pipes 7 and then sprays out from the outer spray holes 4; the quenching medium first enters the annular water cavity 8 at the upper part of the outer cylinder 1, then is evenly dispersed into the spray pipes 7 through the annular water cavity 8, and finally sprays out from the outer spray holes 4 of the spray pipes 7. Therefore, connecting a single pipeline to the first inlet 9 can make the spray port pressures of each outer spray hole 4 the same, making the contact between the quenching medium on the outer surface of the workpiece 5 to be quenched more uniform and thus the quenching effect better. At the same time, the method of connecting a single pipeline makes the connection of the high-pressure quenching medium source simpler, more stable, reliable, and efficient.

[0027] Furthermore, the interior of the inner cylinder 2 is hollow. The bottom of the inner cylinder 2 is provided with a second inlet 10. The inner spray holes 6 are arranged on the side wall of the inner cylinder 2. The inner spray holes 6 communicate the inside and outside of the hollow cavity of the inner cylinder 2. The inner spray holes 6 are evenly distributed on the side wall and the top surface of the entire inner cylinder 2. The spraying direction of the inner spray holes 6 on the side wall of the inner cylinder 2 is horizontally outward along the radial direction. The spraying direction of the inner spray holes 6 on the top surface of the inner cylinder 2 is radially outward along the upper hemispherical surface. The second inlet 10 is connected to the output port of the high-pressure quenching medium source; the high-pressure quenching medium flows in from the second inlet 10 and is ejected through the inner spray holes 6; connecting a single pipeline to the second inlet 10 can make the nozzle pressure of each inner spray hole 6 the same, so that when the quenching medium contacts the inner surface of the workpiece 5 to be quenched, it is more uniform, and thus the quenching effect is better. At the same time, the method of connecting a single pipeline makes the connection of the high-pressure quenching medium source simpler, more stable, reliable and efficient.

[0028] Furthermore, the lower end of the inner cylinder 2 is detachably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 1, and the height position where the inner cylinder 2 is connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 1 is adjustable; the inner cylinder 2 with adjustable height is connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 1, so that the height of the inner cylinder 2 extending into the outer cylinder 1 can be adjusted according to the different inner concave dimensions of different workpieces, which can meet the good quenching of the inner concave part while making the quenching device have better applicability.

[0029] Furthermore, a cylindrical rotating cylinder 11 is also arranged in the outer cylinder 1. The upper part of the rotating cylinder 11 is open. The opening size of the rotating cylinder 11 is larger than the radial size of the workpiece 5 to be quenched. The side wall and the bottom surface of the rotating cylinder 11 are made of metal wire mesh. The mesh aperture of the metal wire mesh of the rotating cylinder 11 is at least three times larger than the spray hole spacing of the outer spray holes 4. The upper part of the rotating cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the upper edge of the outer cylinder 1 through a bearing 12. There is a spacing between the outer side wall and the outer bottom surface of the rotating cylinder 11 and the inner side wall and the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder 1 respectively. The bottom of the rotating cylinder 11 is provided with a wire mesh opening 13. The inner cylinder 2 extends upward through the wire mesh opening 13 and then into the inner concave part of the workpiece 5 to be quenched. The rotating cylinder 11 and the outer cylinder 1 have the same rotation axis; since the outer spray holes 4 and the inner spray holes 6 are high-pressure quenching medium spraying holes, the sprayed quenching medium may be distributed in a dot pattern. In order to make the heat treatment effect of the inner and outer surfaces of the quenched workpiece 5 better, the rotating cylinder 11 can be used to drive the workpiece 5 to rotate, so that the high-pressure quenching medium sprayed by the outer spray holes 4 and the inner spray holes 6 can evenly contact the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece 5, and a better quenching effect can be obtained.

[0030] Furthermore, nozzles connected by threads are arranged at the nozzles of the outer spray holes 4 and the inner spray holes 6. When the nozzles rotate, the shape of the spray holes inside changes, so that the spraying of the outer spray holes 4 and the inner spray holes 6 gradually changes from a mist shape to a column shape, similar to the nozzle of a spray flower pot. Therefore, according to different requirements, the spraying effects of the outer spray holes 4 and the inner spray holes 6 can be adjusted to obtain different quenching effects at different parts of the same workpiece.

[0031] Furthermore, a handle 14 extending radially outward is provided at the upper part of the rotary drum 11, and the front end of the handle 14 extends outside the side wall of the outer cylinder 1; the handle 14 is used to manually rotate the rotary drum 11 to avoid the possible situation of dot-like distribution of the sprayed quenching medium, so that the heat treatment effect of the inner and outer surfaces of the quenched workpiece 5 is better.

[0032] Furthermore, a driving motor is provided at the upper part of the rotary drum 11, and the rotary drum 11 is driven by the driving motor to rotate along the same rotation axis of the rotary drum 11 and the outer cylinder 1. The driving methods of the driving motor include: gear transmission, chain transmission, and belt transmission. Rotating the rotary drum 11 electrically can avoid the possible situation of dot-like distribution of the sprayed quenching medium, so that the heat treatment effect of the inner and outer surfaces of the quenched workpiece 5 is better.

[0033] Further, the quenching device is also provided with a quenching medium tank 15. The quenching medium tank 15 has an open top, and the outer cylinder 1 is detachably connected to the upper edge of the quenching medium tank 15; the quenching medium tank 15 can collect the quenching medium for recycling, so the quenching environment is cleaner.

[0034] Furthermore, the high-pressure quenching medium source includes a submersible pump 16. The submersible pump 16 is immersed in the quenching medium at the bottom of the quenching medium tank 15, and the outlets of the submersible pump 16 are respectively communicated with the inlet of the outer cylinder 1 and the inlet of the inner cylinder 2; the submersible pump 16 is used in combination with the quenching medium tank 15, which can accelerate the recycling of the quenching medium, make the quenching environment cleaner, and make the quenching medium circulation more timely, so the quenching process is better.

[0035] Furthermore, a first valve 17 is connected in series between the outlet of the submersible pump 16 and the inlet of the outer cylinder 1, and a second valve 18 is connected in series between the outlet of the submersible pump 16 and the inlet of the inner cylinder 2; the valves can control the quenching of the inner surface of the quenched workpiece 5, the outer surface of the quenched workpiece 5, or the inner and outer surfaces of the quenched workpiece 5 separately or jointly, and can control the speed and flow rate of the quenching medium during quenching, so as to meet the quenching process requirements for different metal hardnesses on the inner and outer surfaces of the concave workpiece.

[0036] In summary, the present utility model sprays high-pressure quenching medium onto the inner and outer surfaces of the concave workpiece through two spray holes inside and outside the quenching device, and the speed and flow rate of the quenching medium can be adjusted and controlled for the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece as required; thus, the quenching process requirements for different metal hardnesses on the inner and outer surfaces of the concave workpiece can be achieved, so the present utility model has a wide application prospect.

[0037] It should be emphasized that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present utility model. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A quenching device for a concave workpiece, characterized in that: include: An outer cylinder (1) and an inner cylinder (2); the outer cylinder (1) is cylindrical with an opening (3) at the top, the cylinder wall and the cylinder bottom of the outer cylinder (1) are both lattice-shaped and hollowed out from the inside to the outside, a plurality of external spray holes (4) with spray directions facing inward are provided on the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder (1), and the size of the opening (3) is larger than the radial size of the workpiece (5) to be quenched; the inner cylinder (2) is cylindrical, and a plurality of internal spray holes (6) with spray directions facing outward are provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder (2); the outer cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder (2) rotate on the same axis; The outer spray hole (4) and the inner spray hole (6) are respectively connected to the output port of the high-pressure quenching medium source.

2. A quenching device for a concave workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the outer cylinder (1) is composed of a plurality of vertical nozzles (7), the interior of the nozzles (7) is hollow, the nozzles (7) are evenly distributed in an annular shape on the side wall of the outer cylinder (1), the outer nozzle holes (4) are arranged on the side wall of the nozzles (7), the outer nozzle holes (4) are connected to the inside and outside of the hollow cavity of the nozzles (7), the spraying direction of the outer nozzle holes (4) is horizontally inward along the radial direction, and the outer nozzle holes (4) are evenly distributed in the length direction of the nozzles (7) along the vertical direction, an annular water cavity (8) is arranged at the upper part of the outer cylinder (1), the inlet of the nozzles (7) is connected to the annular water cavity (8), the annular water cavity (8) is provided with a first inlet (9), and the first inlet (9) is connected to the output port of the high-pressure quenching medium source; The high-pressure quenching medium flows in from the first inlet (9), passes through the annular water cavity (8) and the nozzle (7) in sequence, and is then sprayed out from the outer spray hole (4).

3. A quenching device for a concave workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the inner cylinder (2) is hollow, a second inlet (10) is provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder (2), the inner spray hole (6) is provided on the side wall of the inner cylinder (2), the inner spray hole (6) communicates with the inside and outside of the hollow cavity of the inner cylinder (2), the inner spray holes (6) are evenly distributed on the side wall and the top surface of the inner cylinder (2), the spray direction of the inner spray holes (6) on the side wall of the inner cylinder (2) is horizontally outward along the radial direction, and the spray direction of the inner spray holes (6) on the top surface of the inner cylinder (2) is radially outward along the upper hemisphere, the second inlet (10) is connected to the output port of the high-pressure quenching medium source; the high-pressure quenching medium flows in from the second inlet (10) and is sprayed out through the inner spray hole (6).

4. A quenching device for a concave workpiece according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the inner cylinder (2) is detachably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder (1), and the height position of the inner cylinder (2) connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder (1) is adjustable.

5. The quenching device for a concave workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylindrical rotating drum (11) is also arranged inside the outer drum (1). The upper part of the rotating drum (11) is open. The opening size of the rotating drum (11) is larger than the radial size of the workpiece (5) to be quenched. The side wall and the bottom surface of the rotating drum (11) are made of metal mesh. The mesh aperture of the metal mesh of the rotating drum (11) is at least three times larger than the nozzle spacing of the outer nozzle holes (4). The upper part of the rotating drum (11) is rotatably connected to the upper edge of the outer drum (1) via a bearing (12). The outer side wall and the outer bottom surface of the rotating drum (11) are spaced from the inner side wall and the inner bottom surface of the outer drum (1). The bottom of the rotating drum (11) is provided with a wire mesh opening (13). The inner drum (2) passes through the wire mesh opening (13) from bottom to top and then extends into the inner concave part of the workpiece (5) to be quenched. The rotating drum (11) and the outer drum (1) have the same rotation axis.

6. A quenching device for a concave workpiece according to claim 5, characterized in that: A handle (14) extending radially outward is provided on the upper portion of the rotating cylinder (11), and the front end of the handle (14) extends out of the side wall of the outer cylinder (1).

7. A quenching device for a concave workpiece according to claim 5, characterized in that: A driving motor is provided on the upper part of the rotating drum (11), and the rotating drum (11) is driven by the driving motor to rotate along the same rotation axis as the rotating drum (11) and the outer drum (1). The driving mode of the driving motor includes: gear transmission, chain transmission, and belt transmission.

8. The quenching device for a concave workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quenching device is also provided with a quenching medium tank (15), the upper part of the quenching medium tank (15) is open, and the outer cylinder (1) is detachably connected to the upper edge of the quenching medium tank (15).

9. A quenching device for a concave workpiece according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high-pressure quenching medium source comprises a submersible pump (16), the submersible pump (16) is immersed in the quenching medium at the bottom of the quenching medium tank (15), and the outlet of the submersible pump (16) is respectively connected to the inlet of the outer cylinder (1) and the inlet of the inner cylinder (2).

10. A quenching device for a concave workpiece according to claim 9, characterized in that: A first valve (17) is connected in series between the outlet of the submersible pump (16) and the inlet of the outer tube (1), and a second valve (18) is connected in series between the outlet of the submersible pump (16) and the inlet of the inner tube (2).

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