Comprehensive processing treatment system for Chinese prickly ash

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pepper comprehensive processing system which comprises a separating screen, a crusher, a granulator a, a subcritical low-temperature extraction unit a, a subcritical low-temperature extraction unit b, a husking machine, a color sorter, a low-temperature squeezer, a granulator b, a subcritical low-temperature extraction unit c and a micronizer. According to the comprehensive processing system disclosed by the utility model, subcritical low-temperature extraction is taken as a core, comprehensive processing of the Chinese prickly ash can be realized, and various high-quality products such as Chinese prickly ash essential oil, Chinese prickly ash seed skin oil, Chinese prickly ash kernel oil, Chinese prickly ash kernel protein powder and the like can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model specifically relates to a comprehensive processing system for Chinese prickly ash, and various products such as Chinese prickly ash essential oil, pericarp oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds, kernel oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds, and Chinese prickly ash kernel protein can be obtained from Chinese prickly ash fruits, belonging to the technical field of deep processing of Chinese prickly ash. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of people's living standards, spicy foods have gradually been accepted by everyone, giving rise to the processing of various seasonings with Chinese prickly ash as the raw material: fresh Chinese prickly ash, rattan pepper, dahongpao, sesame oil, spicy flavoring, and so on. Ripe Chinese prickly ash fruits include Chinese prickly ash shells and Chinese prickly ash seeds, and Chinese prickly ash seeds include a black outer skin and the inner Chinese prickly ash kernels. The Chinese prickly ash shell is the Chinese prickly ash used in daily cooking. The content of various volatile aromatic substances in the Chinese prickly ash shell is as high as 9%, which can be directly used or ground into powder as a condiment, and can also be used to extract Chinese prickly ash oil (essential oil). The remaining Chinese prickly ash seeds are either sold as waste or simply pressed for oil. Their acid value is high and they cannot be eaten, and are used as feed oil or other industrial oils with a low selling price. The existing production processes of Chinese prickly ash oil mainly include the following several types: 1. Oil immersion method (oil dissolution, oil pouring method): This is the most traditional method for making Chinese prickly ash oil, and is still adopted by the vast majority of Chinese prickly ash oil production manufacturers in China. The production method is to fry Chinese prickly ash in high-temperature vegetable oil, aiming to dissolve the fragrance and spiciness of Chinese prickly ash into the oil. The Chinese prickly ash oil produced by this method has a certain fragrance of Chinese prickly ash, oil fragrance, and spiciness. However, during the frying process, part of the aromatic substances and spiciness of Chinese prickly ash will be lost, and this method simply cannot retain the original flavor of Chinese prickly ash, but is a mixture of vegetable oil and Chinese prickly ash oil, not pure Chinese prickly ash essential oil; 2. Solvent extraction method: Petroleum ether with a boiling point of 60 - 70°C is selected as the solvent, and Chinese prickly ash is repeatedly leached to obtain Chinese prickly ash essential oil, and then it is mixed with edible vegetable oil to obtain Chinese prickly ash oil. This method also has defects. One is the problem of solvent residue, resulting in impure product aroma. The other is that the extraction temperature is still relatively high, which may damage the effective components in Chinese prickly ash essential oil. 3. Supercritical CO2 extraction method: The effective components in Chinese prickly ash are extracted with liquid CO2 to obtain Chinese prickly ash essential oil, and then it is mixed with edible vegetable oil. This method has good extraction effect and the produced Chinese prickly ash oil has good quality, but there are the following defects: One is that the daily processing capacity of fresh Chinese prickly ash using this method is limited, the extraction time at one time is long, the required equipment is expensive, the cost is too high, and there is no competitive advantage; the other is that when this method is used to extract fresh Chinese prickly ash, the Chinese prickly ash pericarp and Chinese prickly ash seeds need to be crushed or pressed into tablets. Because the oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds has a high acid value and a bitter taste, it is easy to cause the increase of the acid value of the product and the change of the flavor. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the market to develop a comprehensive processing system for various products such as Chinese prickly ash essential oil, pericarp oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds, kernel oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds, and Chinese prickly ash kernel protein. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present utility model provides a comprehensive development and utilization system for prickly ash oil, prickly ash seed husk oil, prickly ash kernel oil, and prickly ash kernel protein, so as to solve the problems of low comprehensive utilization efficiency of deep processing of prickly ash and low product quality in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present utility model is as follows:

[0005] A comprehensive processing system for prickly ash, comprising a separation sieve, a crusher, a granulator a, a subcritical low-temperature extraction unit a, a subcritical low-temperature extraction unit b, a shelling machine, a color sorter, a low-temperature press, a granulator b, a subcritical low-temperature extraction unit c, and a micropulverizer;

[0006] The separation sieve is used to separate the prickly ash husk from the prickly ash seeds;

[0007] The crusher is used to crush the prickly ash husk;

[0008] The granulator a is used to granulate and form the crushed prickly ash husk;

[0009] The subcritical low-temperature extraction unit a is used to extract prickly ash essential oil from the granulated prickly ash husk;

[0010] The subcritical low-temperature extraction unit b is used to extract prickly ash seed husk oil from the original prickly ash seeds;

[0011] The shelling machine is used to separate the black skin of the prickly ash seeds after removing the husk oil from the prickly ash kernels;

[0012] The color sorter is used to perform color sorting on the peeled prickly ash kernels and remove the prickly ash kernels with unqualified colors;

[0013] The low-temperature press is used to perform low-temperature pressing on the color-sorted qualified prickly ash kernels to obtain prickly ash kernel oil a;

[0014] The granulator b is used to granulate and form the prickly ash kernels after low-temperature pressing;

[0015] The subcritical low-temperature extraction unit c is used to extract prickly ash kernel oil b from the granulated prickly ash kernels, and the remaining substance is prickly ash kernel protein meal;

[0016] The micropulverizer is used to perform micropulverization treatment on the prickly ash kernel protein meal to obtain prickly ash kernel protein powder.

[0017] Furthermore, the comprehensive development and utilization system further includes an oil refining device, and the oil refining device is used to refine the prickly ash kernel oil a and the prickly ash kernel oil b to obtain refined prickly ash kernel oil.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The comprehensive processing system for Chinese prickly ash of the present utility model takes the complete set of equipment units of subcritical low-temperature extraction technology as the core. Through the effective integration of various equipment, it realizes the efficient comprehensive development and utilization of Chinese prickly ash, and can obtain various products such as Chinese prickly ash essential oil, pericarp oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds, kernel oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds, and protein of Chinese prickly ash kernels; it realizes a continuous extraction equipment that can extract Chinese prickly ash essential oil at low temperature and extract kernel oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds at the same time, breaking the previous situation where only Chinese prickly ash oil or only Chinese prickly ash seed oil can be extracted, and the extraction equipment cannot be shared; the raw material Chinese prickly ash is simply separated and processed to obtain Chinese prickly ash husks and Chinese prickly ash seeds. The Chinese prickly ash husks are pulverized and granulated to extract high-purity Chinese prickly ash essential oil, and the Chinese prickly ash seeds are directly extracted with subcritical low temperature to obtain pericarp oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds; the defatted Chinese prickly ash seeds are shelled and color-selected to obtain pericarp of Chinese prickly ash seeds and kernels of Chinese prickly ash seeds; the kernels of Chinese prickly ash seeds are cold-pressed to obtain kernel oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds and pressed cakes of Chinese prickly ash kernels; the pressed cakes of Chinese prickly ash kernels are extracted with subcritical low temperature to obtain kernel oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds. The obtained kernel oil of Chinese prickly ash seeds is rich in γ-linolenic acid and has a low acid value. The natural aromatic substances and active substances such as numbing substances in Chinese prickly ash essential oil are retained to the greatest extent. The defatted Chinese prickly ash husks and pericarp of Chinese prickly ash seeds can be used as biomass fuels. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure and processing technological process of the present utility model.

[0020] Markings in the figure: 1 separation sieve, 2 pulverizer, 3 granulator a, 4 subcritical low-temperature extraction unit a, 5 subcritical low-temperature extraction unit b, 6 shelling machine, 7 color sorter, 8 cold press, 9 granulator b, 10 subcritical low-temperature extraction unit c, 11 oil refining equipment, 12 micronizer. Specific Embodiments

[0021] The present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, a comprehensive processing system for Chinese prickly ash includes a separation sieve 1, a pulverizer 2, a granulator a 3, a subcritical low-temperature extraction unit a 4, a subcritical low-temperature extraction unit b 5, a shelling machine 6, a color sorter 7, a cold press 8, a granulator b 9, a subcritical low-temperature extraction unit c 10, oil refining equipment 11, a micronizer 12, etc. The material flow direction is indicated by the arrows in the figure. Among them, the upper discharge port of the separation sieve 1 is connected to the inlet of the pulverizer 2, the outlet of the pulverizer 2 is connected to the inlet of the granulator a 3, and the outlet of the granulator a 3 is connected to the feed inlet of the subcritical low-temperature extraction unit a 4; the lower discharge port of the separation sieve 1 is connected to the feed inlet of the subcritical low-temperature extraction unit b 5.

[0023] The functions of each device are described as follows: The separation sieve is used to separate the Chinese prickly ash husks from the Chinese prickly ash seeds; the crusher is used to crush the Chinese prickly ash husks; the granulator a is used to granulate and form the crushed Chinese prickly ash husks; the subcritical low-temperature extraction unit a is used to extract Chinese prickly ash essential oil from the granulated Chinese prickly ash husks; the subcritical low-temperature extraction unit b is used to extract Chinese prickly ash seed skin oil from the original Chinese prickly ash seeds; the shelling machine is used to separate the black skin of the Chinese prickly ash seeds after removing the skin oil from the kernels; the color sorter is used to color-sort the peeled Chinese prickly ash kernels and remove the Chinese prickly ash kernels with unqualified colors; the low-temperature press is used to perform low-temperature pressing on the Chinese prickly ash kernels that have passed the color sorting to obtain Chinese prickly ash kernel oil a; the granulator b is used to granulate and form the Chinese prickly ash kernels after low-temperature pressing; the subcritical low-temperature extraction unit c is used to extract Chinese prickly ash kernel oil b from the granulated Chinese prickly ash kernels, and the remaining substance is Chinese prickly ash kernel protein meal; the micropulverizer is used to perform micropulverization treatment on the Chinese prickly ash kernel protein meal to obtain Chinese prickly ash kernel protein powder; the oil refining equipment is used to refine Chinese prickly ash kernel oil a and Chinese prickly ash kernel oil b to obtain refined Chinese prickly ash kernel oil.

[0024] Dry Chinese prickly ash includes Chinese prickly ash husks and black Chinese prickly ash seeds, and the black Chinese prickly ash seeds include the black skin of the Chinese prickly ash seeds and the kernels inside the black Chinese prickly ash; Chinese prickly ash husks can be used to extract Chinese prickly ash essential oil; the oil content in the black skin of the Chinese prickly ash seeds can reach 8% of the weight of the seeds. However, Chinese prickly ash black skin oil (also called Chinese prickly ash seed oil, specifically referring to the oil obtained by low-temperature extraction of the outer black skin of the Chinese prickly ash seeds) has a high acid value due to exposure to air and has little edible value. It needs to be removed in advance to prevent affecting the quality of the subsequent Chinese prickly ash kernel oil. Chinese prickly ash kernel oil is obtained from Chinese prickly ash seeds after extraction. After peeling, only the internal kernels remain. The oil obtained by pressing and low-temperature extraction of these kernels is called kernel oil. The kernel oil is rich in linolenic acid. The Chinese prickly ash kernels contain about 45% oil. If direct extraction or single pressing is used, the residual oil in the cake is too high, which affects the quality of the later development of Chinese prickly ash protein or protein peptides. Therefore, this utility model extracts oil in two steps, namely, first pressing and then low-temperature extraction. Since the entire oil production process is carried out at low temperature, the protein does not denature, which is conducive to the development and utilization of protein.

[0025] The comprehensive processing process and principle of this utility model for Chinese prickly ash are as follows: Freshly picked Chinese prickly ash fruits are dried naturally or by drying to obtain dry Chinese prickly ash. The dry Chinese prickly ash is separated by a separation sieve 1 into Chinese prickly ash husks and Chinese prickly ash seeds. The Chinese prickly ash husks are sent to a crusher 2 for crushing, and the crushed Chinese prickly ash husks are sent to a granulator a 3 for granulation and forming. Then, the Chinese prickly ash husk granules are sent to a subcritical low-temperature extraction unit a for subcritical solvent extraction. The extraction solvent can be butane, etc. The subcritical extraction equipment belongs to the prior art, and its structure will not be described in detail. After evaporating the solvent in the extraction liquid, high-quality Chinese prickly ash essential oil can be obtained. Since the extraction temperature is low, the active substances do not denature, and the natural aromatic substances and numbing substances of Chinese prickly ash are retained to the greatest extent in the Chinese prickly ash essential oil. The Chinese prickly ash husks after extraction and degreasing can be used as biomass fuel.

[0026] The black prickly ash seeds screened by the separation sieve 1 are first sent to the subcritical low-temperature extraction unit b5 for subcritical solvent extraction, and prickly ash seed skin oil with a relatively high acid value and defatted prickly ash seeds can be obtained. Then the prickly ash seeds are sent to the shelling machine 6. At this time, shelling becomes easy, and the peeled black skin can be used as biomass fuel. The remaining prickly ash kernels are sorted by the color sorter 7 to obtain clean prickly ash kernels. Then the prickly ash kernels are first sent to the low-temperature press 8 for preliminary oil extraction to obtain prickly ash kernel oil a and primary meal. The primary meal still has a relatively high oil content. After granulation by the granulator b9, it is sent to the subcritical low-temperature extraction unit c10 for secondary extraction to obtain prickly ash kernel oil b and prickly ash kernel protein meal. The prickly ash kernel protein meal can be ground into prickly ash kernel protein powder by the micropulverizer 12, and its protein content is above 72%. The prickly ash kernel oil a obtained by pressing and the prickly ash kernel oil b obtained by extraction can be combined together, and then refined through an oil refining device to obtain high-quality prickly ash kernel refined oil with a low acid value and good quality.

[0027] In summary, the comprehensive processing system described in the present utility model can realize the comprehensive processing of prickly ash and obtain various high-quality products such as prickly ash essential oil, prickly ash seed skin oil, prickly ash kernel oil, and prickly ash kernel protein powder.

Claims

1. A comprehensive processing system for pepper, characterized in that: Including separation screen, crusher, granulator a, subcritical low temperature extraction unit a, subcritical low temperature extraction unit b, shelling machine, color sorter, low temperature press, granulator b, subcritical low temperature extraction unit c, micro powder machine; The separation screen is used to separate the prickly ash shells from the prickly ash seeds; The pulverizer is used to pulverize pepper shells; The granulator a is used to granulate the crushed pepper shells; The subcritical low-temperature extraction unit a is used to extract pepper essential oil from the granulated pepper shells; The subcritical low-temperature extraction unit b is used to extract pepper seed oil from raw pepper seeds; The shelling machine is used to separate the black skin of the pepper seeds from the pepper kernels after the skin oil is removed; The color sorter is used to color sort the peeled pepper kernels and remove the pepper kernels with unqualified colors; The low-temperature press is used to perform low-temperature pressing on the color-sorted qualified pepper kernels to obtain pepper kernel oil a; The granulator b is used to granulate and shape the pepper kernels after low-temperature pressing; The subcritical low-temperature extraction unit c is used to extract pepper kernel oil b from the granulated pepper kernels, and the remaining material is pepper kernel protein meal; The micronizer is used for micronizing the pepper kernel protein meal to obtain the pepper kernel protein powder.

2. A comprehensive processing system for pepper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comprehensive processing system also includes an oil refining device, which is used to refine the pepper kernel oil a and the pepper kernel oil b to obtain pepper kernel refined oil.

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