Gravity type retaining wall
By designing a gravity retaining wall built in highway drainage ditches, and using technical means such as mortise and tenon structures and drainage ditches, the problems of cumbersome construction, poor economy and unfriendly ecological in the existing technology are solved, and higher stability, lower engineering volume and better ecological friendliness are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421669490.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-15
AI Technical Summary
The existing gravity retaining walls are cumbersome in construction, poor economicality, and unfriendly in ecology. The excavation of soil in front of the wall is not conducive to the stability of the retaining wall.
A gravity retaining wall is designed, including the upper and lower structures of the retaining wall, connected by mortise and tenon structures, and drainage ditches are set up on the lower structure, and it is built in a highway drainage ditch, using large-grain gravel backfill and geotextile to make full use of the space in front of the retaining wall and behind the drainage ditch for greening.
This structure increases the anti-slip and anti-overturn stability of the retaining wall, reduces the thickness and engineering volume of the retaining wall, avoids the demand for secondary excavation of soil during construction, improves construction safety, and improves the ecological environment through greening.
Smart Images
Figure CN222975933U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of slope retaining structures, in particular to a gravity retaining wall. Background Art
[0002] Slope engineering is one of the most common types of engineering in the field of geotechnical engineering. Slope support refers to the retaining, strengthening and protection measures taken for slopes to ensure the safety of slopes and their environments. Gravity retaining walls are a common type of slope support structure. Gravity retaining walls are commonly used for slope support of mountain roads. Since their construction precedes the construction of the road in front of the wall, when constructing the road drainage ditch, the soil needs to be excavated for the second time. The secondary excavation of the soil increases the workload, and the excavation of the soil in front of the wall is not conducive to the stability of the retaining wall. The area between the gravity retaining wall and the road drainage ditch is filled with ordinary backfill soil, and this area usually cannot be fully utilized. The drainage holes will stain the retaining wall surface and affect the landscape. At the same time, conventional gravity retaining walls are very large in volume, have a large amount of work, and poor economy in order to meet the anti-overturning stability and anti-sliding stability.
[0003] Therefore, a gravity retaining wall that can solve the above problems is needed. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a gravity retaining wall according to the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The gravity retaining wall is composed of an upper part structure and a lower part structure of the retaining wall. The upper part structure and the lower part structure of the retaining wall are connected by a mortise and tenon structure, and a drainage ditch is arranged on the lower part structure of the retaining wall, which can solve the technical problems of cumbersome construction, poor economy and ecological unfriendliness of the gravity retaining wall for highway slopes.
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:
[0006] A gravity retaining wall is provided. The gravity retaining wall is arranged on the front side of the excavation surface of the slope. The gravity retaining wall includes an upper part structure and a lower part structure of the retaining wall. The upper part structure and the lower part structure of the retaining wall are connected by a mortise and tenon structure. The area between the gravity retaining wall and the excavation surface of the slope is filled with ordinary backfill soil and large-grained gravel backfill soil behind the retaining wall. The large-grained gravel backfill soil is arranged in front of the ordinary backfill soil behind the retaining wall. A drainage ditch is arranged at the top of the front side of the lower part structure of the retaining wall. Between the drainage ditch and the bottom of the front side of the upper part structure of the retaining wall, there are filled with lower-layer backfill soil in front of the retaining wall and upper-layer backfill soil in front of the retaining wall from bottom to top in sequence. The drainage ditch is communicated with the lower-layer backfill soil in front of the retaining wall through a drainage hole of the drainage ditch, and the large-grained gravel backfill soil behind the retaining wall is communicated with the lower-layer backfill soil in front of the retaining wall through a drainage hole of the retaining wall.
[0007] The lower structure of the retaining wall is provided with flexural main reinforcement, distribution reinforcement and construction reinforcement. The diagonal reinforcement of the flexural main reinforcement is connected to the vertical reinforcement of the distribution reinforcement. The vertical reinforcement of the distribution reinforcement and the vertical reinforcement of the construction reinforcement are respectively arranged on both sides of the drainage ditch. The horizontal reinforcement of the construction reinforcement is arranged below the bottom of the drainage ditch and is used to connect the vertical reinforcement of the distribution reinforcement and the vertical reinforcement of the construction reinforcement. The diagonal reinforcements of the flexural main reinforcement, the vertical reinforcements of the distribution reinforcement, the vertical reinforcements of the construction reinforcement and the horizontal reinforcements of the construction reinforcement are all connected by longitudinal reinforcements.
[0008] A geotextile is provided between the ordinary backfill soil behind the retaining wall and the large-size gravel backfill soil.
[0009] The tenon structure of the lower part of the retaining wall is matched with the mortise structure of the upper part of the retaining wall.
[0010] A drainage ditch cover plate is installed on the drainage ditch.
[0011] The top surface of the ordinary backfill soil behind the retaining wall, the top surface of the upper structure of the retaining wall are flush with the wall top.
[0012] A road is constructed on the front side of the lower structure of the retaining wall.
[0013] Plants are planted in the upper layer of backfill soil in front of the retaining wall.
[0014] The advantages of the present utility model are as follows:
[0015] 1. The gravity retaining wall structure is built together with the highway drainage ditch. The bottom width of the combined retaining wall is more than 50% wider than that of a general gravity retaining wall. The contact area between the bottom of the retaining wall and the foundation soil increases, which can increase the anti-slip stability of the retaining wall. At the same time, the anti-overturning stability of this structure is good. Under the condition of the same backfill height behind the wall, due to the good stability of this structure, the thickness of the retaining wall body can be appropriately reduced, and the engineering quantity of the retaining wall can be reduced by more than 20%;
[0016] 2. The gravity retaining wall structure is built together with the highway drainage ditch, avoiding the secondary excavation of the soil for constructing the highway drainage ditch, reducing the construction process and ensuring construction safety;
[0017] 3. Make full use of the space in front of the retaining wall and behind the drainage ditch for greening, which is ecologically friendly. And the drain holes buried in the drainage ditch wall and the retaining wall can smoothly introduce rainwater into the roots of plants, which is beneficial to the growth of plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the gravity retaining wall of the present utility model;
[0019] Figure 2This is the detailed structural drawing of the lower part of the retaining wall of the utility model. Specific embodiments
[0020] The features of the utility model and other related features will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through embodiments for the understanding of those skilled in the same industry:
[0021] As Figures 1-2 shown, the markings in the figure are respectively represented as:
[0022] Gravity retaining wall 1, upper structure 11 of the retaining wall, lower structure 12 of the retaining wall, flexural main reinforcement 121, distribution reinforcement 122, structural reinforcement 123, drainage holes 13 of the retaining wall, tenon structure 14 of the retaining wall, drainage ditch 21, drainage ditch cover 22, drainage holes 23 of the drainage ditch, lower layer of backfill soil 31 in front of the retaining wall, upper layer of backfill soil 32 in front of the retaining wall, plants 33, excavation surface 41, ordinary backfill soil 42 behind the retaining wall, large particle size gravel backfill soil 43, geotextile 44, wall top 5, highway 6.
[0023] Embodiment: As Figures 1-2 shown, this embodiment relates to a gravity retaining wall. The gravity retaining wall 1 is arranged on the front side of the excavation surface 41 of the slope. The gravity retaining wall 1 mainly includes an upper structure 11 of the retaining wall and a lower structure 12 of the retaining wall. The upper structure 11 of the retaining wall and the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall are connected by a mortise and tenon structure. Specifically, the tenon structure 14 of the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall cooperates with the mortise structure of the upper structure 12 of the retaining wall, so as to ensure the overall stability of the gravity retaining wall 1.
[0024] As Figures 1-2As shown in the figure, the ordinary backfill soil 42 and the large - size gravel backfill soil 43 are filled between the gravity retaining wall 1 and the excavation surface 41 of the slope. The large - size gravel backfill soil 43 is arranged on the front side of the ordinary backfill soil 42 behind the retaining wall. Among them, the front side surface of the large - size gravel backfill soil 43 and the front side surface of the ordinary backfill soil 42 behind the retaining wall are in the same plane. A geotextile 44 is arranged between the ordinary backfill soil 42 behind the retaining wall and the large - size gravel backfill soil 43. And the top surface of the ordinary backfill soil 42 behind the retaining wall, the top surface of the upper structure 11 of the retaining wall and the wall top 5 are flush. At the top of the front side of the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall, a drainage ditch 21 is arranged, and a drainage ditch cover plate 22 is installed on the drainage ditch 21. Between the drainage ditch 21 and the bottom of the front side of the upper structure 11 of the retaining wall, the lower - layer backfill soil 31 in front of the retaining wall and the upper - layer backfill soil 32 in front of the retaining wall are filled in sequence from bottom to top. Plants 33 are planted in the upper - layer backfill soil 32 in front of the retaining wall. The drainage ditch 21 is communicated with the lower - layer backfill soil 31 in front of the retaining wall through the drainage hole 23 of the drainage ditch. The large - size gravel backfill soil 43 is communicated with the lower - layer backfill soil 31 in front of the retaining wall through the drainage hole 13 of the retaining wall. The water in the drainage ditch 21 and the large - size gravel backfill soil 43 can flow into the lower - layer backfill soil 31 in front of the retaining wall, which is beneficial to the growth of plants 33. In addition, a road 6 is constructed on the front side of the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall.
[0025] As Figure 2 shown in the figure, in the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall, there are flexural main reinforcement bars 121, distribution reinforcement bars 122 and construction reinforcement bars 123. The diagonal bars of the flexural main reinforcement bars 121 are connected with the vertical bars of the distribution reinforcement bars 122. The vertical bars of the distribution reinforcement bars 122 and the vertical bars of the construction reinforcement bars 123 are respectively arranged on both sides of the drainage ditch 21. The horizontal bars of the construction reinforcement bars 123 are arranged below the bottom of the drainage ditch 21 and are used to connect the vertical bars of the distribution reinforcement bars 122 and the vertical bars of the construction reinforcement bars 123. The diagonal bars of the flexural main reinforcement bars 121, the vertical bars of the distribution reinforcement bars 122, the vertical bars of the construction reinforcement bars 123 and the horizontal bars of the construction reinforcement bars 123 are all connected by longitudinal reinforcement bars, so as to ensure the reliability of the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall.
[0026] As Figures 1-2 shown in the figure, this embodiment also has the following construction method:
[0027] Excavate the slope, and the excavation depth meets the construction of the gravity retaining wall 1 to form an excavation surface 41.
[0028] Bind the internal reinforcement bars of the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall. The internal reinforcement bars of the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall include flexural main reinforcement bars 121, distribution reinforcement bars 122 and construction reinforcement bars 123. The specifications of the flexural main reinforcement bars 121 are determined by calculation. Generally, HRB400 - grade steel bars with a diameter of 25mm can be arranged at an interval of 150mm. The distribution reinforcement bars 122 and the construction reinforcement bars 123 only need to meet the minimum reinforcement ratio of the component to ensure the crack - resistance characteristics of the component.
[0029] After the internal steel bars of the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall are tied, the formwork of the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall is constructed, and the concrete of the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall is poured. The lower structure 12 of the retaining wall uses concrete with a strength grade of C20.
[0030] Among them, the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall includes a retaining wall tenon structure 14, a drainage ditch 21, a drainage ditch cover plate 22, and a drainage ditch drain hole 23. The retaining wall tenon structure 14 is 0.5 m wide and 0.5 m high, and is arranged along the entire length of the retaining wall. The retaining wall tenon structure 14 can effectively connect the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall with the upper structure 11 of the retaining wall into a whole. The internal width of the drainage ditch 21 is 0.5 m and the depth is 0.5 m, and it is poured simultaneously with the lower structure 12 of the retaining wall; the drainage ditch cover plate 22 is a precast structure, and after the construction of the drainage ditch 21 is completed, the drainage ditch cover plate 22 can be placed on it. The drainage ditch drain hole 23 is a 5 cm PVC pipe embedded, and is arranged at intervals of 2 - 3 m along the retaining wall. It can ensure that the rainwater in the drainage ditch 21 flows into the lower backfill soil 31 in front of the retaining wall, and most of the rainwater can be drained along the drainage ditch, ensuring that the water content in the backfill soil in front of the retaining wall is appropriate.
[0031] Then the upper structure 11 of the retaining wall is constructed. It is rubble concrete, the concrete strength grade is C20, and the rubble grade is No. 40. The upper structure 11 of the retaining wall is provided with a retaining wall drain hole 13.
[0032] Among them, the retaining wall drain hole 13 is a 5 cm PVC pipe, which can drain the accumulated water behind the retaining wall into the lower backfill soil 31 in front of the retaining wall.
[0033] After the construction of the gravity retaining wall 1 is completed, the soil behind the wall is backfilled to the elevation of the top of the wall 5. The soil behind the wall includes ordinary backfill soil 42 and large - particle - size gravel backfill soil 43 behind the retaining wall. The large - particle - size gravel backfill soil 43 is wrapped with a geotextile 44, which can ensure that the ordinary backfill soil 42 behind the wall can smoothly flow into the large - particle - size gravel backfill soil 43 and will not block the retaining wall drain hole 13.
[0034] When backfilling the lower backfill soil 31 in front of the retaining wall and the upper backfill soil 32 in front of the retaining wall, the lower backfill soil 31 in front of the retaining wall is sandy soil, which can ensure the smooth flow of water in the retaining wall drain hole 13 and the drainage ditch drain hole 23; the upper backfill soil 32 in front of the retaining wall is cohesive soil, which ensures the growth of plants 33.
[0035] Finally, the road 6 in front of the gravity retaining wall 1 is constructed.
[0036] The beneficial technical effects of this embodiment are:
[0037] 1. The gravity retaining wall structure is built in combination with the highway drainage ditch. The bottom width of the combined retaining wall is more than 50% wider than that of a general gravity retaining wall. The contact area between the bottom of the retaining wall and the foundation soil increases, which can enhance the anti-slip stability of the retaining wall. At the same time, the anti-overturning stability of this structure is good. Under the condition of the same backfill height of the retaining wall, due to its good stability, the thickness of the retaining wall body can be appropriately reduced, and the engineering quantity of the retaining wall can be reduced by more than 20%.
[0038] 2. The gravity retaining wall structure is built in combination with the highway drainage ditch, avoiding the secondary excavation of the soil body during the construction of the highway drainage ditch, reducing the construction process, and ensuring construction safety.
[0039] 3. Make full use of the space in front of the retaining wall and behind the drainage ditch for greening, which is ecologically friendly. Moreover, the drain holes buried in the drainage ditch wall and the retaining wall can smoothly introduce rainwater into the roots of plants, which is beneficial to plant growth.
[0040] Although the above embodiments have elaborated in detail on the concept and embodiments of the purpose of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that various improvements and transformations can still be made to the present utility model without departing from the scope defined by the claims. Therefore, they are not elaborated one by one here.
Claims
1. A gravity retaining wall, characterized in that: The gravity retaining wall is arranged on the front side of the excavation surface of the slope, and the gravity retaining wall comprises an upper retaining wall structure and a lower retaining wall structure, and the upper retaining wall structure and the lower retaining wall structure are connected by a mortise and tenon structure, and the space between the gravity retaining wall and the excavation surface of the slope is filled with ordinary backfill soil and large-size crushed stone backfill soil behind the retaining wall, and the large-size crushed stone backfill soil is arranged on the front side of the ordinary backfill soil behind the retaining wall, and a drainage ditch is arranged on the top of the front side of the lower structure of the retaining wall, and the drainage ditch and the bottom of the front side of the upper structure of the retaining wall are filled with the lower backfill soil in front of the retaining wall and the upper backfill soil in front of the retaining wall from bottom to top in sequence, and the drainage ditch is communicated with the lower backfill soil in front of the retaining wall through the drainage hole of the drainage ditch, and the large-size crushed stone backfill soil is communicated with the lower backfill soil in front of the retaining wall through the drainage hole of the retaining wall.
2. A gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower structure of the retaining wall is provided with bending main reinforcement, distribution reinforcement and structural reinforcement. The oblique reinforcement of the bending main reinforcement is connected with the vertical reinforcement of the distribution reinforcement. The vertical reinforcement of the distribution reinforcement and the vertical reinforcement of the structural reinforcement are respectively arranged on both sides of the drainage ditch. The transverse reinforcement of the structural reinforcement is arranged below the bottom of the drainage ditch and is used to connect the vertical reinforcement of the distribution reinforcement and the vertical reinforcement of the structural reinforcement. The oblique reinforcement of the bending main reinforcement, the vertical reinforcement of the distribution reinforcement, the vertical reinforcement of the structural reinforcement and the transverse reinforcement of the structural reinforcement are all connected by longitudinal reinforcement.
3. A gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A geotextile is arranged between the common backfill soil behind the retaining wall and the large-diameter crushed stone backfill soil.
4. A gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining wall tenon structure of the lower structure of the retaining wall matches the retaining wall mortise structure of the upper structure of the retaining wall.
5. A gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage ditch cover plate is installed on the drainage ditch.
6. A gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the common backfill soil behind the retaining wall and the top surface of the upper structure of the retaining wall are flush with the top of the wall.
7. A gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A highway is constructed on the front side of the lower structure of the retaining wall.
8. A gravity retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Plants are planted in the upper backfill soil in front of the retaining wall.