Cutting pick of fully-mechanized coal winning machine

Abstract

The fully-mechanized excavating machine cutting pick comprises a cutting pick body, a pick head, a pick handle, an alloy head, a front supporting seat, a rear supporting seat, a side supporting seat, a middle disc and a fixing block, the cutting pick body and the pick head are integrated, the alloy head is welded to the pick head, the front supporting seat, the rear supporting seat and the side supporting seat are arranged on the circumference of the cutting pick body, and the middle disc is arranged on the front supporting seat. The cutting pick body is connected with a middle disc, communicated fixing grooves are formed in the cutting pick body and the middle disc, the middle disc is connected with a pick handle, a connecting block integrated with the pick handle is arranged at the bottom of the pick handle, a fixing block is arranged on the pick handle, and the fixing block is matched with the fixing grooves to prevent the cutting pick from rotating in the working process. According to the cutting pick of the roadheader, rock falls in a slicing mode, the situation that a conical alloy head of a traditional cutting pick is extruded to break the rock is changed, rock breaking is easier, the sliced rock is mainly in a fragment shape, rock dust is reduced, and the tunneling speed is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of mining machinery, in particular to a pick for a fully mechanized heading machine that uses a planing method to cut rocks. Background Art

[0002] According to the shape classification, the picks for the fully mechanized heading machine can be divided into knife-shaped (flat-shaped, also called radial picks) and pick-shaped (conical-shaped, also called tangential picks). The knife-shaped picks can only be applied to the construction conditions of fully coal roadway. Therefore, the pick-shaped picks are the mainstream of the picks for the fully mechanized heading machine;

[0003] The pick-shaped pick is a conical pick with a hard alloy inlaid at the conical head. It is fixed on the cutting head along the tangent direction of the cutting head through a tooth seat. During the working process, the cutting head rotates, and the alloy head gives a large pressure to the rock mass. When the pressure value exceeds the compressive strength of the rock mass, local damage of the rock mass is caused. As the alloy head moves forward, the rock mass with broken cracks is rolled into powder, leaving a semi-circular shallow groove behind the alloy head. When the cutting head rotates one week, the shallow grooves formed by all the picks constitute a cutting surface, that is, the weekly working surface. As the cutting head rotates continuously, the working surface deepens continuously, achieving the ultimate goal of the fully mechanized heading machine, that is, cutting the rock mass in front of the roadway engineering; however, the existing pick-shaped picks have the following deficiencies during the working process:

[0004] First, there is a problem with the rock-breaking method. During the working process of the current picks for the fully mechanized heading machine, a large mechanical power needs to be transmitted to the alloy head of the pick, causing the rock mass in contact with the alloy head to be compressed to form cracks and ground into powder. Since the direction of the pressure released by the alloy head is perpendicular to the surface of the alloy head, all the force directions are directed into the rock mass, challenging the advantage of the rock resistance. This will inevitably cause a large waste of mechanical power;

[0005] Second, there is a problem with the rock-falling method. A large amount of dust is generated during the working process. Since all the pressure released by the alloy head is directed into the rock mass, there is almost no force in the same direction as the free surface, and natural rock fall will not be caused. The rock-falling method is all extrusion and grinding, turning the rock into powder. This will cause a large amount of dust to be generated. The large dust in the fully mechanized heading machine is a difficult problem that exists with the fully mechanized heading machine all the time and cannot be effectively solved. This brings great troubles to the health of workers and the mine ventilation work;

[0006] In addition, there are serious problems in the structure of the conical alloy head. To inlay the conical alloy head, the diameter of the upper end of the pick is much larger than the diameter of the alloy head. During the working process, the end fixing body part that plays a supporting role behind the conical alloy head enters the working shallow groove, and the width is larger than the width of the shallow groove. Therefore, it is always in a state of wear, shortening the service life of the pick. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the existing technologies, the present utility model provides a roadheader pick. This roadheader pick uses a planing method to break rocks, changing the traditional way of using a conical alloy head of a pick to extrude and break rocks, making rock breaking easier, improving the working efficiency and reducing the power of the main engine motor under the same rock conditions, achieving the purpose of energy conservation and efficiency improvement; the rocks cut by planing are mainly in the form of broken blocks, reducing the generation of rock dust, achieving the purpose of being beneficial to the health of on-site workers and improving the management of tunneling ventilation; the worn alloy head of the pick can be polished again and reused, achieving the purpose of extending the service life of a single pick and reducing the unit material consumption; since rock breaking becomes easier, the requirement for the self-weight of the roadheader body is reduced, enabling the external dimensions of the roadheader to be appropriately reduced, avoiding the need to construct a larger roadway section due to the over-large body, and being able to construct a smaller roadway section according to needs, achieving the purpose of accelerating the tunneling speed.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present utility model to solve its technical problems is a roadheader pick, which includes a pick body, a tooth head, a tooth shank, an alloy head, a front support seat, a rear support seat, a side support seat, a middle plate, and a fixing block. Among them, the pick body and the tooth head are integrated, the alloy head is welded on the tooth head, the front support seat, the rear support seat, and the side support seat are circumferentially arranged on the pick body, the pick body is connected to the middle plate, the pick body and the middle plate are provided with communicating fixing grooves, the middle plate is connected to the tooth shank, a connecting block integrated with the tooth shank is arranged at the bottom of the tooth shank, a fixing block is arranged on the tooth shank, and the fixing block cooperates with the fixing groove to prevent the pick from rotating during work;

[0009] Further, the alloy head is frustum-shaped;

[0010] Further, the movement direction of the alloy head is in a planar arc shape, and the edge of the arc is the working edge;

[0011] Further, the connecting block is triangular;

[0012] Further, a plurality of tooth heads are arranged on the pick body, the tooth heads are distributed in a serrated shape, the circumferential movement edge of the tooth head forms a 10° angle with the circumferential tangent, and the radial edge of the tooth head forms a 90° angle with the circumferential tangent;

[0013] Further, a rock-breaking cavity is arranged between every two tooth heads, and the depth of the rock-breaking cavity is greater than the working shallow groove of each small tooth;

[0014] Further, the radius from the tooth edge of each tooth head to the center of the pick body decreases in sequence, and the radius difference is 5 mm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The roadheader pick adopts a planing method to break rock, which changes the traditional pick with a conical alloy head to extrude and break rock, making rock breaking easier. Under the same rock conditions, the working efficiency is improved and the main engine motor power is reduced, achieving the beneficial effect of energy conservation and efficiency improvement; The rock cut by planing is mainly in the form of crushed blocks, reducing the generation of rock dust, achieving the beneficial effects of being conducive to the health of on-site workers and improving the management of tunneling ventilation; The worn alloy head of the pick can be polished again and reused, achieving the beneficial effect of extending the service life of a single pick and reducing the unit material consumption; Since rock breaking becomes easier, the requirement for the self-weight of the roadheader body is reduced, enabling the external dimensions of the roadheader to be appropriately reduced, avoiding the need to construct a larger roadway section due to the over-large body, and allowing for the construction of a smaller roadway section as needed, achieving the beneficial effect of accelerating the tunneling speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the main structural view of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 For the present utility model Figure 1 is the left view;

[0018] Figure 3 For the present utility model Figure 1 is the right view;

[0019] Figure 4 For the present utility model Figure 1 is the top view;

[0020] Figure 5 is the main structural view of the pick body of the present utility model with multiple tooth heads provided thereon;

[0021] Figure 6 For the present utility model Figure 5 is the right view;

[0022] Figure 7 is the working schematic diagram of the pick of the existing roadheader;

[0023] Figure 8 is the working schematic diagram of the single tooth head of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 9 is the working schematic diagram of the multiple tooth heads of the present utility model;

[0025] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The specific embodiment of the present utility model is a roadheader pick. Refer to Figures 1-6, including a pick body 10, a bit tip 2, a bit shank 6, an alloy head 1, a front support seat 3, a rear support seat 9, a side support seat 4, a middle plate 5, and a fixing block 11. Among them, the pick body 10 and the bit tip 2 are integrated. The alloy head 1 is welded to the bit tip 2. The front support seat 3, the rear support seat 9, and the side support seat 4 are circumferentially arranged on the pick body 10. The pick body 10 is connected to the middle plate 5. The pick body 10 and the middle plate 5 are provided with a communicating fixing groove 8. The middle plate 5 is connected to the bit shank 6. The bottom of the bit shank 6 is provided with a connecting block 7 integrated with the bit shank. The bit shank 6 is provided with a fixing block 11. The fixing block 11 cooperates with the fixing groove 8 to prevent the pick from rotating during work;

[0027] Further, referring to Figures 1-4 , the alloy head 1 is frustum-shaped. The alloy head 1 is welded to the bit tip 2 on both sides, and the two sides form a 90° angle, so that the welding surface is perpendicular to the forces in the tangential and radial directions, ensuring the stability of the alloy head;

[0028] Further, referring to Figures 1-4 , the movement direction of the alloy head 11 is a planar arc, and the edge of the arc is the working edge;

[0029] Further, referring to Figures 1-4 , the connecting block 7 is triangular;

[0030] Further, referring to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 9 , multiple bit tips 2 are arranged on the pick body 10. The bit tips 2 are distributed in a sawtooth shape. The circumferential movement edge of the bit tip 2 forms a 10° angle with the circumferential tangent, and the radial edge of the bit tip 2 forms a 90° angle with the circumferential tangent;

[0031] Further, referring to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 9 , a rock falling cavity 12 is arranged between every two bit tips 2. The depth of the rock falling cavity 12 is greater than the working shallow groove of each bit tip. The broken rock fragments fall from the bottom of the rock falling cavity 12;

[0032] Further, referring to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 9 , the radius from the tooth edge of each bit tip 2 to the center of the pick body decreases in sequence, and the radius difference is 5 mm. In this way, when the rock cutting depth of the first bit tip reaches the radius difference, the second bit tip starts to work. When the rock cutting depth of the second bit tip reaches the radius difference, the third bit tip starts to work, and so on;

[0033] Referring to Figure 8 、 Figure 9, the working principle of the roadheader pick is that the working surface of the frustum-shaped alloy head 1 is at a 90° angle to the free surface of the rock mass. During the rotation of the pick, the pressure released by the working surface of the pick alloy head 1 is in the same direction as the free surface, changing the traditional pick with a conical alloy head to extrude the rock, making it easier to break the rock;

[0034] In the initial stage of the implementation of this roadheader pick, on the basis of the existing roadheader tooth socket, a small triangular opening is made at the front edge of the inner hole of the tooth socket with an angle grinder to accommodate the triangular block at the root of the pick handle and prevent the pick from rotating. This triangular opening does not affect the strength of the tooth socket at all. When this solution becomes mature and widely recognized; it fully enters the popularization stage. The tooth socket on the cutting head of the factory-produced roadheader is changed from a tangential round hole shape to a radial rectangular shape. In this way, the width of the pick can be increased, the number of small teeth can be increased, the height of each small tooth is basically the same, and the working depth per week of each small tooth can also be reduced, so as to be able to cope with harder rock conditions.

Claims

1. A pick for a comprehensive excavator, comprising a pick body, a tooth head, a tooth shank, an alloy head, a front support seat, a rear support seat, a side support seat, a middle plate, and a fixing block, wherein: The pick body is integrated with the tooth head, an alloy head is welded on the tooth head, a front support seat, a rear support seat and a side support seat are arranged on the circumference of the pick body, the pick body is connected to the middle disk, and the pick body and the middle disk are provided with communicating fixing grooves, the middle disk is connected to the shank, a connecting block integrated with the shank is arranged at the bottom of the shank, a fixing block is arranged on the shank, and the fixing block cooperates with the fixing groove to prevent the pick from rotating during work.

2. The pick of a comprehensive excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alloy head is in the shape of a truncated cone.

3. The pick of a comprehensive excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movement direction of the alloy head is in the shape of a plane arc, and the edge of the arc is a working edge.

4. The pick of a comprehensive excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Furthermore, the connecting block is triangular.

5. The pick of a comprehensive excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pick body is provided with a plurality of tooth heads, which are distributed in a sawtooth shape, with the circular motion edge of the tooth head forming an angle of 10° with the circumferential tangent, and the radial edge of the tooth head forming an angle of 90° with the circumferential tangent.

6. The pick of a comprehensive excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rock-falling cavity is arranged between every two tooth heads, and the depth of the rock-falling cavity is greater than the shallow working groove of each small tooth.

7. The pick of a comprehensive excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius from the tooth edge of each tooth head to the center of the pick body decreases successively, and the radius difference is 5mm.

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