Runner distribution assembly of hydrogen fuel cell system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a runner distribution assembly of a hydrogen fuel cell system, which comprises a first assembly and a second assembly, and is characterized in that the first assembly comprises a first shell (1), a hydrogen inlet pipeline (2), a water outlet pipeline (3) and an air outlet pipeline (4) are arranged in the first shell (1), the hydrogen inlet pipeline (2) is connected with a temperature sensor (5) and a pressure sensor (6), and the water outlet pipeline (3) is connected with the air outlet pipeline (4). The end part of the water outlet pipeline (3) is connected with a first elbow joint (7), a filter screen (8) is arranged between the first elbow joint (7) and the water outlet pipeline (3), a temperature sensor (5) is arranged on the water outlet pipeline (3), and a pressure sensor (6) is arranged on the first elbow joint (7).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a flow channel distribution component of a hydrogen fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] As one of the important development directions of new energy vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are attracting more and more attention due to their advantages such as zero emissions and renewable raw materials. As an important part of fuel cell vehicles, the performance of the hydrogen fuel cell system directly affects the performance of fuel cell vehicles.

[0003] The working principle of a hydrogen fuel cell system can be summarized as a discharge process in which hydrogen and oxygen react electrochemically to form water, and electron migration occurs to form an electric current. The place where this reaction process occurs is the stack. Therefore, the stack requires hydrogen and oxygen as working media, and in addition, a coolant is required for circulating cooling. The supply of the three working media is composed of a hydrogen subsystem, an air subsystem, and a cooling subsystem in the hydrogen fuel cell system, which are respectively denoted as follows: a hydrogen path, an air path, and a water path.

[0004] The working media of the hydrogen fuel cell system are respectively obtained from the outside through their respective external interfaces. The hydrogen source is provided by a hydrogen cylinder group; the oxygen source is directly provided by the outside atmosphere; and the main component of the coolant is deionized water or a mixed solution added with antifreeze, which is provided by a water tank. After the three working media enter the system, they need to pass through control, monitoring, distribution and other measures of their respective subsystems, and finally enter the hydrogen fuel cell stack to participate in the reaction. In order to timely regulate the reaction process in the stack and improve the reaction efficiency, the working media at the inlet and outlet of the stack not only need to monitor parameters such as pressure and temperature in real time, but also need to have fluid treatment functions such as particle filtration and water-vapor separation.

[0005] At present, some existing devices that can realize the flow channel distribution of a hydrogen fuel cell system are only directly connected to other components of the system by independent external interfaces and do not have other functions; some have some branch flow channels for connecting accessories such as sensors, but the number is small and the functions are insufficient. That is to say, the functions of existing similar devices are not perfect, the integration degree is relatively low, and the versatility is poor.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a method or device that can solve the above problems now. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The utility model is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, and proposes a flow channel distribution component of a hydrogen fuel cell system with a simple structure, ingenious design, reasonable layout, high integration degree and perfect functions.

[0008] The technical solution of the present utility model is: A flow channel distribution component for a hydrogen fuel cell system, comprising a first component and a second component, characterized in that: The first component includes a first housing 1, and a hydrogen inlet pipeline 2, a water outlet pipeline 3 and an air outlet pipeline 4 are arranged inside the first housing 1. A temperature sensor 5 and a pressure sensor 6 are connected to the hydrogen inlet pipeline 2. The end of the water outlet pipeline 3 is connected with a first elbow joint 7, and a filter screen 8 is arranged between the first elbow joint 7 and the water outlet pipeline 3. A temperature sensor 5 is arranged on the water outlet pipeline 3, and a pressure sensor 6 is arranged on the first elbow joint 7.

[0009] The second component includes a second housing 9, and a hydrogen outlet pipeline 10, a water inlet pipeline 11 and an air inlet pipeline 12 are arranged inside the second housing 9. The bottom of the second housing 9 is connected with an anode water separator 13. The inlet end of the anode water separator 13 is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen outlet pipeline 10. A second elbow joint 14 is connected to the end of the water inlet pipeline 11, and a filter screen 8 is arranged between the second elbow joint 14 and the water inlet pipeline 11. A temperature sensor 5 is arranged on the water inlet pipeline 11, and a pressure sensor 6 is arranged on the second elbow joint 14. The end of the air inlet pipeline 12 is connected with a third elbow joint 15, and a filter screen 8 is arranged between the third elbow joint 15 and the air inlet pipeline 12. A temperature sensor 5 is arranged on the air inlet pipeline 12, and a pressure sensor 6 is arranged on the third elbow joint 15.

[0010] The anode water separator 13 includes a water separator housing 16, a filter element 17 is arranged in the inner cavity of the water separator housing 16. An inlet flow channel 18 connected to the hydrogen outlet pipeline 10 is arranged at the top of the water separator housing 16. The bottom outlet of the inlet flow channel 18 is located at the center of the filter element 17. An outlet flow channel 19 is arranged at the top of the water separator housing 16. The inlet end of the outlet flow channel 19 is located at the top of the inner cavity of the water separator housing 16. A drainage flow channel 20 communicating with its inner cavity is arranged at the bottom of the water separator housing 16, and the inlet of the drainage flow channel 20 is located below the filter element 17.

[0011] The air inlet pipeline 12 is connected to the outlet end of an air pump through a pipeline.

[0012] The water inlet pipeline 11 is connected to the outlet end of a water pump through a pipeline. The inlet end of the water pump is connected to a water tank through a pipeline. The water outlet pipeline 3 is also connected to the water tank through a pipeline.

[0013] The hydrogen inlet pipeline 2 is connected to the outlet end of a hydrogen circulation pump through a pipeline. The inlet end of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected to a hydrogen storage container through a pipeline. The outlet flow channel 19 of the water separator housing 16 is also connected to the hydrogen storage container through a pipeline.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages:

[0015] The flow channel distribution component of the hydrogen fuel cell system with this structural form has a simple structure, ingenious design, and reasonable layout. Aiming at the problems existing in the traditional flow channel connection device, it designs a special structure. It has two components, and each component is provided with channels corresponding to the fuel cell stack. These two components are connected to the corresponding positions of the fuel cell stack, thereby constructing the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipelines, air inlet and outlet pipelines, and water inlet and outlet pipelines of the fuel cell stack. Moreover, it also sets temperature sensors and pressure sensors on all pipelines to detect the temperature and pressure of hydrogen, air, and water in real time to ensure that the fuel cell stack is always in a normal working state. At the same time, it also connects a water separator at the end of the hydrogen outlet pipeline. The water separator can separate the moisture in the hydrogen and let the dry hydrogen participate in the hydrogen cycle again. Its manufacturing process is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, the integration degree is relatively high, and it has high adaptability. Therefore, it can be said that it has multiple advantages and is especially suitable for popularization and application in this field, and its market prospect is very broad. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first component in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second component in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first component in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the second component in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the anode water separator in the embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0021] The following will describe the specific embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings. As Figures 1 to 5 shown: A flow channel distribution component of a hydrogen fuel cell system includes a first component and a second component.

[0022] The first component includes a first housing 1. Inside the first housing 1, a hydrogen inlet pipeline 2, a water outlet pipeline 3, and an air outlet pipeline 4 are provided. A temperature sensor 5 and a pressure sensor 6 are connected to the hydrogen inlet pipeline 2. The end of the water outlet pipeline 3 is connected to a first elbow joint 7. A filter screen 8 is provided between the first elbow joint 7 and the water outlet pipeline 3. A temperature sensor 5 is provided on the water outlet pipeline 3, and a pressure sensor 6 is provided on the first elbow joint 7.

[0023] The second component includes a second housing 9. Inside the second housing 9, a hydrogen outlet pipeline 10, a water inlet pipeline 11, and an air inlet pipeline 12 are provided. The bottom of the second housing 9 is connected to an anode water separator 13. The inlet end of the anode water separator 13 is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen outlet pipeline 10. At the end of the water inlet pipeline 11, a second elbow joint 14 is connected. A filter screen 8 is provided between the second elbow joint 14 and the water inlet pipeline 11. A temperature sensor 5 is provided on the water inlet pipeline 11, and a pressure sensor 6 is provided on the second elbow joint 14. At the end of the air inlet pipeline 12, a third elbow joint 15 is connected. A filter screen 8 is provided between the third elbow joint 15 and the air inlet pipeline 12. A temperature sensor 5 is provided on the air inlet pipeline 12, and a pressure sensor 6 is provided on the third elbow joint 15.

[0024] The anode water separator 13 includes a water separator housing 16. A filter element 17 is provided in the inner cavity of the water separator housing 16. At the top of the water separator housing 16, an inlet flow channel 18 connected to the hydrogen outlet pipeline 10 is provided. The bottom outlet of the inlet flow channel 18 is located at the center of the filter element 17. At the top of the water separator housing 16, an outlet flow channel 19 is provided. The inlet end of the outlet flow channel 19 is located at the top of the inner cavity of the water separator housing 16. At the bottom of the water separator housing 16, a drainage flow channel 20 connected to its inner cavity is provided, and the inlet of the drainage flow channel 20 is located below the filter element 17.

[0025] The air inlet pipeline 12 is connected to the outlet end of an air pump through a pipeline.

[0026] The water inlet pipeline 11 is connected to the outlet end of a water pump through a pipeline. The inlet end of the water pump is connected to a water tank through a pipeline. The water outlet pipeline 3 is also connected to the water tank through a pipeline.

[0027] The hydrogen inlet pipeline 2 is connected to the outlet end of a hydrogen circulation pump through a pipeline. The inlet end of the hydrogen circulation pump is connected to a hydrogen storage container through a pipeline. The hydrogen outlet pipeline 10 is also connected to the hydrogen storage container through a pipeline.

[0028] The working process of the flow channel distribution component of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Connect both the first component and the second component to the corresponding positions of the fuel cell stack. Start the air pump, and air enters the interior of the fuel cell stack through the air inlet pipeline 12 in the second component and is directly discharged into the atmospheric environment through the air outlet pipeline 4 in the first component.

[0029] Start the water pump in the water circulation system. The water pump pumps the water in the water tank into the interior of the fuel cell stack through the water inlet pipeline 11 in the second component and returns it to the water tank through the water outlet pipeline 3 in the first component to form a water circulation.

[0030] Start the hydrogen circulation pump in the hydrogen circulation system. The pump blows the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container through the hydrogen inlet pipeline 2 in the first component into the interior of the fuel cell stack, and sends it into the anode water separator 13 through the hydrogen outlet pipeline 10 in the second component. After the hydrogen enters the inner cavity of the anode water separator 13, it will come into full contact with the filter element 17 therein. The moisture therein condenses into liquid water bodies and flows to the bottom of the inner cavity of the anode water separator 13 under the action of its own weight, and finally is discharged through the drainage channel 20. The dry hydrogen from which the moisture has been removed is discharged through the outlet channel 19 and returns to the hydrogen storage container again, thus completing the hydrogen circulation;

[0031] In the above process, multiple temperature sensors and pressure sensors in the first component and the second component will respectively detect the temperature and pressure values of the hydrogen, air and water entering the fuel cell stack, as well as the temperature and pressure values of the hydrogen, air and water discharged from the fuel cell stack, so as to monitor whether the working state of the fuel cell stack is normal.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell system flow channel distribution assembly, comprising a first assembly and a second assembly, characterized in that: The first component comprises a first shell (1), wherein a hydrogen inlet pipeline (2), a water outlet pipeline (3) and an air outlet pipeline (4) are arranged in the first shell (1), the hydrogen inlet pipeline (2) is connected to a temperature sensor (5) and a pressure sensor (6), the end of the water outlet pipeline (3) is connected to a first elbow joint (7), a filter screen (8) is arranged between the first elbow joint (7) and the water outlet pipeline (3), the water outlet pipeline (3) is provided with a temperature sensor (5), and the first elbow joint (7) is provided with a pressure sensor (6), The second component comprises a second shell (9), wherein a hydrogen outlet pipeline (10), a water inlet pipeline (11) and an air inlet pipeline (12) are arranged in the second shell (9), an anode water separator (13) is connected to the bottom of the second shell (9), the inlet end of the anode water separator (13) is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen outlet pipeline (10), a second elbow joint (14) is connected to the end of the water inlet pipeline (11), a filter screen (8) is arranged between the second elbow joint (14) and the water inlet pipeline (11), a temperature sensor (5) is arranged on the water inlet pipeline (11), and a pressure sensor (6) is arranged on the second elbow joint (14), a third elbow joint (15) is connected to the end of the air inlet pipeline (12), a filter screen (8) is arranged between the third elbow joint (15) and the air inlet pipeline (12), a temperature sensor (5) is arranged on the air inlet pipeline (12), and a pressure sensor (6) is arranged on the third elbow joint (15), The anode water separator (13) comprises a water separator housing (16), a filter element (17) is arranged in the inner cavity of the water separator housing (16), an inlet flow channel (18) connected to the hydrogen outlet pipeline (10) is arranged at the top of the water separator housing (16), the bottom outlet of the inlet flow channel (18) is located at the center of the filter element (17), an outlet flow channel (19) is arranged at the top of the water separator housing (16), the inlet end of the outlet flow channel (19) is located at the top of the inner cavity of the water separator housing (16), and a drainage flow channel (20) connected to the inner cavity of the water separator housing (16) is arranged at the bottom, and the inlet of the drainage flow channel (20) is located below the filter element (17). The air inlet pipeline (12) is connected to the outlet end of the air pump through a pipeline. The water inlet pipe (11) is connected to the outlet end of the water pump through a pipe, the inlet end of the water pump is connected to the water tank through a pipe, and the water outlet pipe (3) is also connected to the water tank through a pipe. The hydrogen inlet pipeline (2) is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen circulation air pump through a pipeline, the inlet end of the hydrogen circulation air pump is connected to the hydrogen storage container through a pipeline, and the outlet flow channel (19) of the water separator shell (16) is also connected to the hydrogen storage container through a pipeline.

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