Full-immersion energy storage module, energy storage assembly and energy storage device based on field synergy principle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a full-immersion energy storage module based on a field synergy principle, which comprises a bottom plate and a battery pack arranged on the bottom plate, and the battery pack comprises an end pressing plate and a battery monomer; the battery monomers are arranged in n columns and m rows; when n is greater than or equal to 1 and m is greater than or equal to 2, an inter-row gap channel is arranged between two adjacent rows of battery monomers; a first field cooperation battery temperature control structure is arranged in the inter-row gap channel; the first field coordination battery temperature control structure comprises a first gasket arranged between the surfaces of the battery monomers; the first gaskets are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction parallel to the surface; the first gaskets are arranged at intervals, a first temperature control flow channel array located between the surfaces is formed between the first gaskets, the first temperature control flow channel array comprises a plurality of first temperature control flow channels parallel to the first direction and a plurality of second temperature control flow channels parallel to the second direction, and the first temperature control flow channels and the second temperature control flow channels are arranged in a staggered mode. The utility model further discloses a full-immersion energy storage assembly and an energy storage device based on the field synergy principle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric energy storage, and particularly relates to a fully immersed energy storage module, an energy storage component and an energy storage device based on the field synergy principle. Background Technique

[0002] At present, with the continuous improvement of China's energy consumption structure, the energy storage battery industry has shown explosive development, and the safety and stability of energy storage systems have attracted more and more attention. During the charging and discharging process of energy storage batteries, due to the existence of ohmic heat and polarization heat, a large amount of heat will be generated. If these heats cannot be dissipated in time and accumulate inside the battery, on the one hand, it will increase the speed of side reactions at the energy storage battery interface, and on the other hand, excessive heat accumulation may cause battery thermal runaway. Therefore, efficient heat dissipation measures must be considered in the design of energy storage batteries.

[0003] At present, the heat dissipation methods of energy storage systems mainly include air cooling and liquid cooling. Among them, air cooling mainly uses air conditioners for refrigeration, the cooling medium is air, the energy efficiency ratio is low, the equipment occupies a large area, and the temperature consistency of energy storage batteries is poor. Liquid cooling uses a cooling plate with water as the cooling medium, and heat exchange occurs between the cooling medium flowing in the cooling plate and the energy storage battery. The heat needs to be transferred through the battery shell and the cooling plate and finally to the cooling medium, and then the cooling medium dissipates the heat through the radiator. Its heat transfer links are numerous, the thermal resistance is large, and the heat exchange efficiency is low, resulting in high requirements for the performance of the radiator.

[0004] In order to improve the heat dissipation performance of energy storage systems, an immersion energy storage system that immerses energy storage batteries in a liquid medium has developed rapidly. The immersion energy storage system immerses energy storage batteries in a liquid medium and uses the heat exchange between the liquid medium and the energy storage batteries to achieve heat dissipation. However, most of the existing immersion energy storage systems adopt the static immersion method. After long-term operation, due to the gradual accumulation of heat in the liquid medium, the temperature will also gradually increase. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a fully immersed energy storage module, an energy storage component and an energy storage device based on the field synergy principle, which can form a flow channel for the temperature control medium to flow on the battery surface, so as to improve the heat exchange performance between the temperature control medium and the battery surface and improve the battery temperature uniformity performance.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model firstly proposes a fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle, which includes a bottom plate and a battery pack installed on the bottom plate. The battery pack includes end pressing plates at both ends and a plurality of battery cells located between the two end pressing plates. The battery cells are arranged in n columns in the X direction and m rows in the Y direction. When n≥1 and m≥2, an inter-row gap channel is respectively provided between adjacent rows of the battery cells and between the two rows of battery cells at both ends and the end pressing plates. A first field synergy battery temperature control structure is arranged in the inter-row gap channel.

[0008] The first field synergy battery temperature control structure includes a first gasket arranged between the surfaces of the battery cells. The first gasket is a diamond gasket, a square gasket or a parallelogram gasket. The first gasket is arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction parallel to the surface. The first direction and the second direction are respectively parallel to two adjacent sides of the first gasket. The first gaskets are arranged at intervals and form a first temperature control flow channel array between the surfaces. The first temperature control flow channel array includes a plurality of first temperature control flow channels parallel to the first direction and a plurality of second temperature control flow channels parallel to the second direction. The first temperature control flow channels and the second temperature control flow channels are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0009] Further, the widths of the first temperature control flow channel and the second temperature control flow channel are 2-45 mm. Preferably, the widths of the first temperature control flow channel and the second temperature control flow channel are 3-35 mm. More preferably, the widths of the first temperature control flow channel and the second temperature control flow channel are 3-25 mm. Most preferably, the widths of the first temperature control flow channel and the second temperature control flow channel are 10-25 mm.

[0010] Further, the ratio of the sum of the areas of all the surfaces of the battery in contact with the first gaskets to the surface area of the battery is 20%-80%. Preferably, the ratio of the sum of the areas of all the surfaces of the battery in contact with the first gaskets to the surface area of the battery is 30%-50%.

[0011] Further, the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction are 1°-90°. Preferably, the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction are 10°-80°. More preferably, the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction are 30°-70°. Most preferably, the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction are 40°-60°.

[0012] Further, the angles between the first temperature control flow channel and the second temperature control flow channel and the vertical plane perpendicular to the surface of the battery are equal.

[0013] Further, the first gasket is a circular gasket, an oval gasket or a polygonal gasket; when the first gasket is a rhombic gasket, a square gasket or a parallelogram gasket, the first direction and the second direction are respectively parallel to two adjacent sides of the first gasket.

[0014] Further, when n≥2, an inter-column gap channel is provided between two adjacent columns of battery cells; a second field synergy battery temperature control structure is provided in the inter-column gap channel; the second field synergy battery temperature control structure includes a second gasket disposed between the sides of the battery cells.

[0015] Further, the second gaskets are arranged in an array along a third direction and a fourth direction parallel to the side surface, the third direction and the fourth direction are respectively parallel to two adjacent sides of the second gasket; the second gaskets are arranged at intervals and form a second temperature control flow channel array between the side surfaces, the second temperature control flow channel array includes a plurality of third temperature control flow channels parallel to the third direction and a plurality of fourth temperature control flow channels parallel to the fourth direction, and the third temperature control flow channels and the fourth temperature control flow channels are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0016] Further, the angles between the third temperature control flow channels and the fourth temperature control flow channels and a vertical plane perpendicular to the side surface of the battery are equal.

[0017] Further, the upper and lower parts of the side surface of the battery are symmetrically provided with the second gaskets; the width of the second gasket located at the lower part of the side surface of the battery gradually increases first and then gradually decreases along the vertically upward direction.

[0018] Further, at least one through channel penetrating through the upper and lower ends is provided in the middle of the second gasket.

[0019] Further, the thickness of the first gasket and the second gasket is 1-10 mm; preferably, the thickness of the first gasket and the second gasket is 2-8 mm; more preferably, the thickness of the first gasket and the second gasket is 3-6 mm.

[0020] Further, both ends of the inter-row gap channel and the inter-column gap channel are sealed to form the internal channel.

[0021] Further, the end pressing plates are arranged at the front and rear ends of the battery pack perpendicular to the X direction, and the end pressing plates seal both ends of the inter-column gap channel; sealing strips or sealing plates are respectively provided at both ends of the inter-row gap channel, and the sealing strips or sealing plates seal both ends of the inter-row gap channel.

[0022] Further, a liquid inlet shunt channel for distributing the temperature control medium to the inter-row gap channel and the inter-column gap channel is provided on the bottom plate.

[0023] Further, the liquid inlet shunt channel includes at least one shunt channel, and liquid inlet shunt ports communicating with the internal channel are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the shunt channel; when the shunt channel is one, the liquid inlet is communicated with the shunt channel; when the shunt channel is at least two, the liquid inlet shunt channel includes a distribution channel perpendicular to the shunt channel, and all the shunt channels are communicated with the distribution channel.

[0024] Further, a first roughness element for shunting the temperature control medium is arranged in the distribution channel; the first roughness element enables the temperature control medium in the distribution channel to enter the shunt channels respectively according to a set flow rate ratio.

[0025] Further, the shunt channel is one and is located in the middle of the bottom plate; or, the shunt channel is two, and the two shunt channels are respectively located on both sides of the bottom plate; or, the shunt channel is at least three, and all the shunt channels are arranged at intervals on the bottom plate, and two of the shunt channels are located on both sides of the bottom plate.

[0026] Further, second roughness elements for guiding the temperature control medium are arranged on the bottom plate corresponding to the shunt channels, and support columns for supporting the battery cells are arranged at intervals on the top surfaces of the second roughness elements.

[0027] Further, the shunt channel is a groove arranged on the bottom plate, and a cover plate corresponding to the shunt channel is arranged on the bottom surface of the battery pack; or, the shunt channel is a pipe structure arranged on the bottom plate.

[0028] Further, the width of the shunt channel gradually increases along the direction from front to back or from back to front.

[0029] Further, a liquid inlet is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate, and an overflow structure is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate, and the overflow structure is an overflow notch or an overflow hole.

[0030] The present utility model also provides a fully immersed energy storage assembly based on the field synergy principle, including at least two layers of energy storage modules as described above.

[0031] Further, a liquid inlet is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate, and an overflow structure is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate, and the overflow structure is an overflow notch or an overflow hole; in adjacent two layers of the energy storage modules, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module located in the lower layer overflows through the overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module located in the upper layer.

[0032] The present utility model further provides a fully submerged energy storage device based on field synergy, which includes a box body. An energy storage bin is arranged inside the box body, and the energy storage assembly as described above is arranged inside the energy storage bin.

[0033] Further, a liquid inlet is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate, and an overflow structure is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate; an independent overflow channel and an immersion channel are arranged between the energy storage assembly and the box body, and the overflow structure is communicated with the overflow channel.

[0034] Further, a top functional bin and a bottom functional bin are respectively arranged above and below the energy storage bin;

[0035] A liquid storage tank is arranged inside the bottom functional bin;

[0036] A top liquid inlet pipe for injecting a temperature control medium into the immersion channel is arranged inside the top functional bin, and a top liquid inlet valve is arranged on the top liquid inlet pipe;

[0037] A first connecting pipe is arranged between the bottom of the immersion channel and the liquid storage tank, and a first control valve is arranged on the first connecting pipe; a second connecting pipe is arranged between the overflow channel and the liquid storage tank; a return pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank, and a return liquid control valve is arranged on the return pipe.

[0038] Further, a second control valve is arranged on the second connecting pipe.

[0039] Further, a safety box is arranged inside the top functional bin, and the safety box is communicated with the energy storage bin;

[0040] Sensors for detecting gas pressure, gas concentration and fire source are arranged inside the safety box, inside the overflow channel and / or at the top of the energy storage bin;

[0041] A safety exhaust valve for discharging gas outside the box body is installed on the safety box;

[0042] An explosion-proof valve that is opened passively when the air pressure reaches a set second air pressure threshold is arranged on the safety box.

[0043] Further, a releaser for releasing a fire-fighting medium is arranged inside the top functional bin.

[0044] Further, a liquid level sensor for actually measuring the liquid level height is arranged inside the safety box and / or at the top of the immersion channel.

[0045] Further, the liquid inlet is arranged at the bottom of the front side surface of the energy storage module, and the overflow channel is arranged between the rear side surface of the energy storage assembly and the box body.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0047] The full-immersion energy storage module based on the field synergy principle of the present utility model arranges a battery cell array. When the battery cells are arranged in at least two rows along the Y direction, a first field synergy battery temperature control structure is arranged in the inter-row gap channel. In this way, by arranging a first gasket on the surface of the battery cell and making the first gasket arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction that are both inclined relative to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the first direction and the second direction are not parallel, a plurality of first temperature control channels parallel to the first direction and second temperature control channels parallel to the second direction can be formed between the first gaskets. The first temperature control channels and the second temperature control channels are arranged in an alternating manner. The temperature control medium flowing in the first temperature control channels and the second temperature control channels can directly exchange heat with the battery, improving the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, collisions occur at the alternating positions of the first temperature control channels and the second temperature control channels, enabling the temperature control medium to exchange heat at the alternating positions, making the temperature distribution of the temperature control medium more uniform and avoiding the problem of uneven local temperature of the battery caused by different temperatures of the temperature control medium in different temperature control channels. Particularly, when the temperature control medium flows along the first temperature control channels and the second temperature control channels, if the flow rate of the temperature control medium in one of the temperature control channels is relatively fast, according to Bernoulli's principle, the pressure of the temperature control medium in this temperature control channel is relatively low, and the temperature control medium in another temperature control channel staggered with it will flow towards the alternating position due to the pressure difference, indirectly increasing the flow rate of the temperature control medium in the other temperature control channel. Thus, finally, the flow rates of the temperature control medium in different first temperature control channels and second temperature control channels will also be more uniform. In summary, the full-immersion energy storage module based on the field synergy principle of the present utility model can, based on the field synergy principle, form channels for the temperature control medium to flow on the surface of the battery, so as to improve the heat exchange performance between the temperature control medium and the battery surface and improve the battery temperature uniformity performance.

[0048] Note: The battery surface refers to the surface with a larger surface area in a square shell battery; the battery side refers to the surface with the smallest surface area except the top and bottom surfaces in a square shell battery. The battery surface of the battery cell is in the vertical direction and parallel to the X direction. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0049] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present utility model clearer, the following drawings are provided for description of the present utility model:

[0050] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the energy storage module;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a full cross-sectional view of the energy storage module along the X direction;

[0052] Figure 3 It is for Figure 2 The enlarged view of area A of

[0053] Figure 4It is a simulation diagram of the temperature distribution on the X-direction cross-section of the energy storage module;

[0054] Figure 5 It is a simulation diagram of the flow velocity distribution of the temperature control medium on the X-direction cross-section of the energy storage module;

[0055] Figure 6 It is a full cross-sectional view of the energy storage module along the Y direction, specifically a structural schematic diagram when the second gasket is a rhombic gasket;

[0056] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 The enlarged view of area B of , specifically a structural schematic diagram when the overflow structure is an overflow notch;

[0057] Figure 8 It is Figure 6 The enlarged view of area B of , specifically a structural schematic diagram when the overflow structure is an overflow hole;

[0058] Figure 9 It is a full cross-sectional view of the energy storage module along the Y direction, specifically a structural schematic diagram when the second gasket is a pentagonal gasket;

[0059] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram when there is a through-channel in the pentagonal gasket;

[0060] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom plate, specifically a structural schematic diagram when the diversion channel is set to one;

[0061] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom plate, specifically a structural schematic diagram when the diversion channel is set to two;

[0062] Figure 13 It is Figure 12 The structural schematic diagram after hiding the front cover plate in ;

[0063] Figure 14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom plate, specifically a structural schematic diagram when the diversion channel is set to three;

[0064] Figure 15 It is Figure 14 The structural schematic diagram after covering the front cover plate in ;

[0065] Figure 16 The structural schematic diagram of the lower hoop of ;

[0066] Figure 17 It is a simulation diagram of the temperature distribution of each battery cell in the energy storage module;

[0067] Figure 18 It is a simulation diagram of the temperature distribution at the bottom of the energy storage module;

[0068] Figure 19 It is a simulation diagram of the flow velocity distribution of the temperature control medium at the bottom of the energy storage module;

[0069] Figure 20 It is a schematic structural diagram of the energy storage device;

[0070] Figure 21 It is Figure 20 C-C cross-sectional view of

[0071] Figure 22 It is Figure 20 D-D cross-sectional view of

[0072] Figure 23 It is Figure 20 Enlarged view of area E of

[0073] Figure 24 It is Figure 22 Enlarged view of area F of , specifically, it is a schematic structural diagram when the overflow structure is an overflow notch;

[0074] Figure 25 It is Figure 22 Enlarged view of area F of , specifically, it is a schematic structural diagram when the overflow structure is an overflow hole.

[0075] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0076] 10 - Battery cell; 11 - Inter-row gap channel; 12 - Inter-column gap channel; 13 - End pressing plate; 14 - Sealing strip; 15 - First gasket; 151 - First temperature control flow channel; 152 - Second temperature control flow channel; 16 - Second gasket; 161 - Third temperature control flow channel; 162 - Second temperature control flow channel; 163 - Through channel; 171 - Upper hoop; 172 - Lower hoop; 18 - Liquid inlet; 19 - First liquid inlet pipe; 191 - Liquid inlet proportional valve;

[0077] 20 - Bottom plate; 21 - Diverting channel; 22 - Liquid inlet diverting port; 23 - Distribution channel; 24 - First rough element; 25 - Second rough element; 26 - Cover plate; 27 - Front cover plate; 28 - Overflow notch; 29 - Overflow hole;

[0078] 100 - Box body; 101 - Second liquid inlet pipe; 102 - Upper baffle;

[0079] 110 - Energy storage bin; 111 - Overflow channel; 112 - Immersion channel; 1121 - Communication port; 113 - Energy storage module;

[0080] 120 - Top functional bin; 121 - Safety box; 122 - Top liquid inlet pipe; 1221 - Top liquid inlet branch pipe; 123 - Top liquid inlet valve; 124 - Safety exhaust valve; 125 - Explosion-proof valve;

[0081] 130 - Bottom functional bin; 131 - Liquid storage tank; 132 - First connecting pipe; 133 - First control valve; 134 - Second connecting pipe; 135 - Second control valve; 136 - Liquid return pipe; 137 - Liquid return control valve. Detailed implementation mode

[0082] The following further illustrates the present utility model in conjunction with the attached drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present utility model and be able to implement it, but the specific embodiments cited do not limit the present utility model.

[0083] Embodiment 1

[0084] As Figure 1-19 shown, the fully immersed energy storage module of this embodiment based on the field synergy principle includes a bottom plate 20 and a battery pack installed on the bottom plate 20. The battery pack includes end pressing plates 13 at both ends and a plurality of battery cells 10 between the two end pressing plates 13. An internal channel is provided between the battery cells 10 in the battery pack. Specifically, the battery cells 10 of this embodiment are arranged in n columns along the X direction and m rows along the Y direction; when n≥1 and m≥2, an inter-row gap channel 11 is provided between adjacent rows of battery cells 10; when n≥2 and m≥1, an inter-column gap channel 12 is provided between adjacent columns of battery cells 10; both ends of the inter-row gap channel 11 and the inter-column gap channel 12 are sealed and form an internal channel. Specifically, in this embodiment, end pressing plates 13 are respectively provided on the front and rear end faces of the battery assembly perpendicular to the X direction, and the end pressing plates 13 seal both ends of the inter-column gap channel 12. Sealing strips 14 or sealing plates are respectively provided at both ends of the inter-row gap channel 11, and the sealing strips 14 or sealing plates seal both ends of the inter-row gap channel 11. Specifically, sealing strips 14 are respectively provided at both ends of the inter-row gap channel 11 of this embodiment. In this way, a structure in which the upper and lower ends of the internal channel are communicated can be formed.

[0085] As Figure 2-10As shown, when n≥1 and m≥2, there is an inter-row gap channel 11 between adjacent rows of battery cells 10, and a first field-synergistic battery temperature control structure is provided in the inter-row gap channel 11. Specifically, the first field-synergistic battery temperature control structure includes a first gasket 15 disposed between the surfaces of the battery cells 10. When n≥2 and m≥1, there is an inter-column gap channel 12 between adjacent columns of battery cells 10, and a second field-synergistic battery temperature control structure is provided in the inter-column gap channel 12. The second field-synergistic battery temperature control structure includes a second gasket 16 disposed between the sides of the battery cells 10. That is, in this embodiment, the first gasket 15 is disposed in the inter-row gap channel 11 and between the surfaces of the two battery cells 10 on both sides of the inter-row gap channel 11, and the second gasket is disposed in the inter-column gap channel 12 and between the sides of the two battery cells 10 on both sides of the inter-column gap channel 12. In addition, the first gasket 15 and the second gasket 16 are also used to bear the pressure between the battery cells 10 to prevent the battery cells 10 from undergoing irreversible expansion deformation during charging and discharging. Specifically, in this embodiment, an upper hoop 171 and a lower hoop 172 are respectively sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the battery pack, and the battery pack is tightened by the upper hoop 171 and the lower hoop 172 to keep sufficient pressure between the battery cells 10. Under this pressure, the battery cells 10 can be prevented from undergoing irreversible expansion deformation during charging and discharging.

[0086] Specifically, as Figure 2-3As shown, the first gasket 15 is arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction parallel to the battery surface, and both the first direction and the second direction are inclined with respect to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The first gaskets 15 in this embodiment are arranged at intervals and form a first temperature control flow channel array on the battery surface between the first gaskets 15. The first temperature control flow channel array includes a plurality of first temperature control flow channels 151 parallel to the first direction and a plurality of second temperature control flow channels 152 parallel to the second direction, and the first temperature control flow channels 151 and the second temperature control flow channels 152 are arranged in an interleaved manner. Specifically, the first gasket 15 can be realized by gasket structures of various shapes. For example, the first gasket can be a circular gasket, an oval gasket, or a polygonal gasket, etc., which will not be elaborated here. And when the first gasket 15 is a rhombic gasket, a square gasket, or a parallelogram gasket, the first direction and the second direction are respectively parallel to two adjacent sides of the first gasket. In this embodiment, the first gasket 15 is rhombic. In this embodiment, the first direction and the second direction are not parallel, and the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction with respect to the horizontal direction are 1° - 90°; preferably, the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction with respect to the horizontal direction are 10° - 80°; more preferably, the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction with respect to the horizontal direction are 30° - 70°; most preferably, the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction with respect to the horizontal direction are 40° - 60°. In the preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, the angles between the first temperature control flow channels 151 and the second temperature control flow channels 152 and the vertical plane perpendicular to the battery surface are equal, that is, the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction with respect to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are equal. In this embodiment, the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction with respect to the horizontal direction are 45°, that is, the angles between the first temperature control flow channels 151 and the second temperature control flow channels 152 and the vertical plane perpendicular to the battery surface are also equal to 45°. By restricting the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction with respect to the horizontal direction, the flow velocity uniformity of the temperature control medium can be improved, and further the temperature uniformity on the surface of the battery cell 10 can be improved.

[0087] Specifically, the widths of the first temperature control flow channel 151 and the second temperature control flow channel 152 not only affect the mechanical properties of the battery cell 10, but also affect the heat exchange efficiency between the temperature control medium and the battery cell 10. Therefore, the widths of the first temperature control flow channel 151 and the second temperature control flow channel 152 are relatively important. In this embodiment, the widths of the first temperature control flow channel 151 and the second temperature control flow channel 152 are 2 - 45 mm; preferably, the widths of the first temperature control flow channel 151 and the second temperature control flow channel 152 are 3 - 35 mm, more preferably, the widths of the first temperature control flow channel 151 and the second temperature control flow channel 152 are 2 - 25 mm, and most preferably, the widths of the first temperature control flow channel 151 and the second temperature control flow channel 152 are 10 - 25 mm. In this embodiment, the widths of the first temperature control flow channel 151 and the second temperature control flow channel 152 are 15 mm. In addition, the proportion of the first gasket 15 on the battery surface also affects the mechanical properties of the battery cell 10 and the heat exchange efficiency between the temperature control medium and the battery cell 10. In this embodiment, the ratio of the sum of the areas of the battery surface in contact with all the first gaskets 15 to the surface area of the battery surface is 20% - 80%; preferably, the ratio of the sum of the areas of the battery surface in contact with all the first gaskets 15 to the surface area of the battery surface is 30% - 50%. Specifically, in this embodiment, the ratio of the sum of the areas of the battery surface in contact with all the first gaskets 15 to the surface area of the battery surface is 40%. As Figure 4-5 shown, through simulation analysis, it can be seen that in this embodiment, by arranging the first gaskets 15 in an array in the inter-row gap channels 11, the temperature equalization performance among the battery cells 10 is good, and the temperature difference between different regions of the same battery cell 10 is also small; the flow velocity distribution of the temperature control medium in the first temperature control flow channel 151 and the second temperature control flow channel 152 is uniform.

[0088] Specifically, the second gasket 16 is a rhombic gasket, a square gasket or a parallelogram gasket. As Figure 6-8 shown, the second gasket 16 in the embodiment is rhombic. Of course, in some other embodiments, the second gasket 16 can also be a square gasket, a rectangular gasket or a parallelogram gasket, etc., which will not be elaborated here. The second gaskets 16 are arranged in an array along the third direction and the fourth direction parallel to the battery side surface, and the third direction and the fourth direction are respectively parallel to two adjacent sides of the second gasket 16. In this embodiment, the second gaskets 16 are arranged at intervals and form a second temperature control flow channel array on the battery side surface. The second temperature control flow channel array includes a plurality of third temperature control flow channels 161 parallel to the third direction and a plurality of fourth temperature control flow channels 162 parallel to the fourth direction, and the third temperature control flow channels 161 and the fourth temperature control flow channels 162 are arranged alternately. In the preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the angles between the third temperature control flow channels 161 and the fourth temperature control flow channels 162 and the vertical plane perpendicular to the battery side surface are equal.

[0089] Of course, the second gasket 16 can also be arranged in other forms. Specifically, during the charging and discharging process of the battery, the pressure of the side surface of the battery expanding and deforming is small, and the heat transferred from the inside of the battery to the side surface of the battery is also small. Therefore, the second gasket 16 can be symmetrically arranged only at the upper and lower parts of the side surface of the battery, as Figure 9-10 shown. At the same time, in order to improve the diversion effect on the temperature control medium, in this embodiment, the width of the second gasket 16 located at the lower part of the side surface of the battery gradually increases first and then gradually decreases along the vertically upward direction. Specifically, the second gasket 16 in this embodiment is a pentagonal gasket. Of course, in some other embodiments, at least one through channel 163 penetrating through the upper and lower ends of the second gasket 16 can also be provided in the middle of the second gasket 16 to improve the flow performance of the temperature control medium.

[0090] Specifically, the thickness of the first gasket 15 and the second gasket 16 is 1-10 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the first gasket 15 and the second gasket 16 is 2-8 mm. More preferably, the thickness of the first gasket 15 and the second gasket 16 is 3-6 mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the first gasket 15 and the second gasket 16 is 5 mm. If the thickness of the first gasket 15 and the second gasket 16 is too small, during the charging and discharging process of the battery, due to the expansion effect, the surfaces of adjacent battery cells 10 may be attached together, resulting in the truncation of the temperature control flow channel; if the thickness of the first gasket 15 and the second gasket 16 is too large, the volume energy density of the energy storage module will be reduced.

[0091] The energy storage module further includes a liquid inlet 18 communicated with the internal channel. The liquid inlet 18 in this embodiment is arranged on the bottom plate 20. A liquid inlet diversion channel for distributing the temperature control medium to the row gap channel 11 and the column gap channel 12 is provided on the bottom plate 20 of this embodiment. Specifically, the liquid inlet diversion channel includes at least one diversion channel 21, and liquid inlet diversion ports 22 communicated with the internal channel are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the diversion channel 21. Specifically, when the diversion channel 21 is set to one, the liquid inlet 18 is communicated with the diversion channel 21, as Figure 11 shown; when the diversion channel 21 is set to at least two, the liquid inlet diversion channel includes a distribution channel 23, and all the diversion channels 21 are communicated with the distribution channel 23, as Figure 12-15 shown. Specifically, in this embodiment, the distribution channel 23 is perpendicular to the diversion channel 21. Further, when the diversion channel 21 is set to one, the diversion channel 21 is located in the middle of the bottom plate 20, and liquid inlet diversion ports 22 are respectively arranged on the two side walls of the diversion channel 21, so that the temperature control medium is diverted from both sides of the diversion channel 21 into the internal channel, as Figure 11As shown. When the number of shunt channels 21 is two, the two shunt channels 21 are respectively located on both sides of the bottom plate 10. At this time, liquid inlet shunt ports 22 are arranged on the inner side walls facing each other of the two shunt channels 21, so that the temperature control medium enters the internal channel from the inner side walls facing each other of the two shunt channels 21, as Figure 12-13 shown. When the number of shunt channels 21 is at least three, all the shunt channels 21 are arranged at intervals on the bottom plate, and two of the shunt channels 21 are located on both sides of the bottom plate; specifically, liquid inlet shunt ports 22 are respectively arranged on both sides of the shunt channel 21 in the middle, and liquid inlet shunt ports 22 are arranged on the inner side walls of the shunt channels 21 on both sides; as Figure 14-15 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram when the number of shunt channels 21 is three.

[0092] In some embodiments, as Figure 13 shown, a first roughness element 24 for shunting the temperature control medium is arranged in the distribution channel 23. The first roughness element 24 has the function of shunting the temperature control medium in the distribution channel 23, so that the first roughness element 24 makes the temperature control medium in the distribution channel 23 enter the shunt channels 21 respectively according to a set flow rate ratio. As Figure 11-15 shown, in some embodiments, a second roughness element 25 corresponding to the shunt channel 21 is arranged on the bottom plate 20. The second roughness element 25 can, on the one hand, play a role in supporting the battery cell 10, and on the other hand, can shunt the temperature control medium entering from the shunt channel 21, so that the temperature control medium is more evenly distributed in the internal channel, thereby improving the temperature uniformity performance of each battery cell 10 in the battery pack. Specifically, in some embodiments, a plurality of support columns for supporting the battery cell 10 are arranged at intervals on the top surface of the second roughness element 25, so that the temperature control medium can flow opposite to the battery cell 10 and perform heat exchange with the bottom surface of the battery cell 10. Specifically, the second roughness elements 25 are arranged in an array and a bottom plate channel located on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20 is formed between the second roughness elements 25. The bottom plate channel 25 includes a first bottom plate channel parallel to the shunt channel 21. In some embodiments, the width of the first bottom plate channel can be gradually increased along the front-to-back or back-to-front direction, and the width change rule of the first bottom plate channel is the same as the width change rule of the shunt channel 21. The bottom plate channel also includes a second bottom plate channel perpendicular to the first bottom plate channel. In some embodiments, among two adjacent second bottom plate channels, the width of the second bottom plate channel closer to the rear end is greater than or less than the width of the second bottom plate channel closer to the front end, and the width change rule of two adjacent second bottom plate channels is the same as the width change rule of the shunt channel 21.

[0093] Specifically, as Figure 14-15As shown, the width of the diversion channel 21 gradually increases along the front-to-back or back-to-front direction. In this embodiment, the width of the diversion channel 21 gradually increases along the front-to-back direction. The variation law of the width of the diversion channel 21 is related to the viscosity of the temperature control medium. If the viscosity of the temperature control medium is low, the width of the diversion channel 21 can be set to gradually increase along the back-to-front direction; if the viscosity of the temperature control medium is high, the width of the diversion channel 21 can be set to gradually increase along the front-to-back direction. The variation law of the width of the diversion channel 21 can be defined by the angle between the two side walls. For example, when the diversion channel 21 is located in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, the angle between the two side walls of the diversion channel 21 is 1°-5°, and the value in this embodiment is 2.2°; when the diversion channel 21 is located on both sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, the angle between the two side walls of the diversion channel 21 is 0.2°-1°, and the value in this embodiment is 0.4°. The variation law of the width of the diversion channel 21 can also be defined by the ratio of the maximum width to the minimum width. For example, when the diversion channel 21 is located in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, the ratio of the maximum width to the minimum width of the diversion channel 21 is 2-5, and the value in this embodiment is 3.3; when the diversion channel 21 is located on both sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, the ratio of the maximum width to the minimum width of the diversion channel 21 is 1-2, and the value in this embodiment is 1.5.

[0094] Specifically, as Figure 11 , shown in FIGS. 14-15, for the convenience of processing, the diversion channel 21 in this embodiment adopts a groove structure provided on the bottom plate 20, that is, the diversion channel 21 is a groove provided on the bottom plate 20; specifically, a cover plate 26 corresponding to the diversion channel 21 is provided on the bottom surface of the battery pack, and the cover plate 26 is provided on the lower hoop 17, as Figure 16 shown. The cover plate 6 covers the groove to form a channel structure. Of course, in some other embodiments, the diversion channel 21 can also be a channel structure directly provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, which will not be elaborated here. Similarly, for the convenience of processing, as Figure 14-15 shown, the distribution channel 23 in this embodiment is a groove structure provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, that is, the distribution channel is a groove provided on the bottom plate 20, and a front cover plate 27 is provided on the distribution channel 23. The front cover plate 27 covers the distribution channel 23, and the liquid inlet 18 is provided on the front cover plate 27. Of course, in some other embodiments, the distribution channel 23 can also be directly set as a channel structure on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20. At this time, the liquid inlet 18 is directly provided on the distribution channel 23 that forms the channel structure.

[0095] In this embodiment, an overflow structure is provided at the edge position of the lower surface of the bottom plate 20. Specifically, the overflow structure can be set as an overflow notch 28, as Figure 7 shown; it can also be set as an overflow hole 29, as Figure 8As shown. The overflow notch 28 or the overflow hole 29 is arranged at intervals on the edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 20. Specifically, when the overflow structure is the overflow notch 28, the liquid inlet end of the overflow notch 28 is located on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20, and the overflow liquid outlet end is located on the side surface of the bottom plate. When the overflow structure is the overflow hole 29, the overflow hole 29 penetrates through the bottom surface and the side surface of the bottom plate 20, and the end of the overflow hole 29 located on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20 is the liquid inlet end, and the end located on the side surface of the bottom plate 20 is the overflow liquid outlet end. Specifically, in this embodiment, the overflow hole 29 is an inclined hole, the included angle between the center line of the overflow hole 29 and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20 is greater than or equal to 100°, and the inner diameter of the overflow hole 29 is 1.5 - 5 mm. Specifically, in this embodiment, the included angle between the center line of the overflow hole 29 and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20 is 120°, and the inner diameter of the overflow hole 29 is 2.2 mm. Of course, in some other embodiments, the geometric dimensions and the inclination angle of the overflow hole 29 can be adjusted according to the application scenario, which will not be elaborated here.

[0096] The overflow notch 28 or the overflow hole 29 of this embodiment is arranged on the rear edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 20, and the liquid inlet 18 is arranged at the front end of the bottom plate 20. Thus, when at least two layers of energy storage modules form an energy storage assembly, and in adjacent two layers of energy storage modules, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module located in the lower layer overflows through the overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module in the upper layer. That is, in the energy storage module, the temperature control medium enters from the front side of the lower end of the internal channel and overflows from the rear side of the upper end of the internal channel, which can make the fluidity of the temperature control medium in the internal channel more balanced and improve the temperature equalization performance.

[0097] This embodiment also proposes a fully immersed energy storage assembly based on the field synergy principle, including at least two layers of energy storage modules as described above. Specifically, in adjacent two layers of energy storage modules, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module located in the lower layer overflows through the overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module in the upper layer.

[0098] Embodiment 2

[0099] As Figure 20-25As shown in the figure, the fully submerged energy storage device based on the field synergy principle in this embodiment includes a box body 100. Inside the box body 100, there is an energy storage bin 110 in the middle, and a top functional bin 120 and a bottom functional bin 130 located above and below the energy storage bin 110 respectively. Specifically, an energy storage component is provided in the energy storage bin 110, a safety box 121 and a top liquid inlet pipe 122 are provided in the top functional bin 120, and a liquid storage tank 131 is provided in the bottom functional bin 130. Specifically, in this embodiment, an independent overflow channel 111 and an immersion channel 112 are provided between the side wall of the energy storage component and the inner side wall of the box body 100, and the top liquid inlet pipe 122 is used to inject a temperature control medium into the immersion channel 112. In this embodiment, a top liquid inlet valve 123 is provided on the top liquid inlet pipe 122; a first connecting pipe 132 is provided between the bottom of the immersion channel 112 and the liquid storage tank 131, and a first control valve 133 is provided on the first connecting pipe 132; a second connecting pipe 134 is provided between the overflow channel 111 and the liquid storage tank 131, and a valve may not be provided on the second connecting pipe 134. Of course, a second control valve 135 may also be provided on the second connecting pipe 134, which will not be elaborated here. A return liquid pipe 136 is connected to the liquid storage tank 131, and a return liquid control valve 137 is provided on the return liquid pipe 136.

[0100] As Figure 21 shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the immersion channels 112 are set to be three independent ones. The three immersion channels 112 are respectively located between the front side, the left side and the right side of the energy storage component and the corresponding inner side surfaces of the box body, while the overflow channel 111 is located between the rear side of the energy storage component and the inner side surface of the box body 100. Top liquid inlet branch pipes 1221 corresponding to the three immersion channels 112 are respectively provided on the top liquid inlet pipe 122, which are used to inject the temperature control medium into the three immersion channels 112 respectively. First connecting pipes 132 are respectively provided between the three immersion channels 112 and the liquid storage tank 131, which are used to discharge the temperature control medium in the three immersion channels 112 into the liquid storage tank 131 respectively. In the preferred implementation mode of this embodiment, a communication port 1121 is provided between the tops of the three immersion channels 112, and the communication port 1121 makes the liquid levels of the three immersion channels 112 equal. Specifically, the height of the communication port 1121 is lower than the preset lowest liquid level in the immersion channel 112 under normal operating conditions. In this way, only one liquid level sensor needs to be provided in the energy storage bin 110 or the top functional bin 120 to detect the liquid levels of the three immersion channels 112 in real time.

[0101] The energy storage component of this embodiment includes at least two layers of energy storage modules 113. Each layer of the energy storage module 113 is provided with a liquid inlet 18. Among adjacent two layers of energy storage modules 113, the overflow liquid height of the energy storage module 113 located in the lower layer is greater than or equal to the bottom surface height of the energy storage module 113 located in the upper layer. In this way, it can be ensured that there is no air between adjacent two layers of energy storage modules 113, so that under the condition of overflow circulation of the temperature control medium, full immersion of the energy storage module can be realized. In this embodiment, a first liquid inlet pipe 19 is connected to the liquid inlet 18, and a second liquid inlet pipe 101 is arranged in the box body 100, and all the first liquid inlet pipes 19 are connected to the second liquid inlet pipe 101. Specifically, a liquid inlet proportional valve 191 for controlling the liquid inlet flow rate of the corresponding energy storage module is arranged on the first liquid inlet pipe 19 and / or the second liquid inlet pipe 101. In this embodiment, the liquid inlet proportional valve 191 is arranged on the first liquid inlet pipe 19, and the liquid inlet flow rate of each energy storage module 113 can be controlled respectively. Of course, in some other embodiments, the liquid inlet proportional valve can also be arranged on the second liquid inlet pipe 101, and the liquid inlet proportional valve can be arranged on both the first liquid inlet pipe 19 and the second liquid inlet pipe 101 at the same time, which will not be elaborated here.

[0102] Specifically, in this embodiment, the energy storage module 113 can adopt the energy storage module described in Embodiment 1, that is, an overflow structure is arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module 113, and the overflow structure is communicated with the overflow channel 111; the liquid inlet 18 is arranged at the bottom of the front side of the energy storage module 113, and the overflow channel 111 is arranged between the rear side of the energy storage component and the inner side surface of the box body 100. Among adjacent two layers of energy storage modules 113, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module 113 located in the lower layer flows into the overflow channel 111 through the overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module 113 located in the upper layer. Specifically, in this embodiment, an upper baffle 102 which is hermetically matched with the upper part of the uppermost energy storage module is provided. The upper baffle 102 is provided with an overflow structure. Preferably, the overflow structure is arranged at the rear side edge position of the upper baffle 1-2, so that the liquid inlet and overflow liquid of the temperature control medium in the uppermost energy storage module are consistent with those of the lower energy storage modules. The overflow structure is the same as or equivalent to the overflow structure of the energy storage component described in Embodiment 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0103] In the top functional bin of this embodiment, a safety box 121 is provided, and the safety box 121 is communicated with the energy storage bin 110. Sensors are provided inside the safety box, inside the overflow channel and / or at the top of the energy storage bin of this embodiment, and the sensors are used to detect gas pressure, gas concentration and fire sources. A safety exhaust valve 124 is installed on the safety box of this embodiment, and the safety exhaust valve 124 is used to discharge gas outside the box. Further, an explosion-proof valve 125 is provided on the safety box 121 of this embodiment, and the explosion-proof valve 125 is passively opened when the air pressure reaches the set second air pressure threshold. A releaser for releasing fire-fighting medium is provided in the top functional bin 120 of this embodiment. Specifically, the releaser of this embodiment is an aerosol releaser. After the explosion-proof valve 125 is passively opened, the releaser is started to release the fire-fighting medium, so that the fire-fighting medium fills the top functional bin 120. A liquid level sensor for actually measuring the liquid level height is provided inside the safety box 121 and / or at the top of the immersion channel 112. Specifically, liquid level sensors are respectively provided inside the safety box 121 and the immersion channel 112 of this embodiment. When the energy storage device is in normal operation, the liquid level sensor provided in the immersion channel 112 is used to measure the liquid level of the temperature control medium in the immersion channel 112 in real time; when the energy storage device is in the first-level fire-fighting operation condition, the second-level fire-fighting operation condition and the third-level fire-fighting operation condition, the temperature control medium enters the safety box 121, and at this time, the liquid level sensor provided inside the safety box 121 is used to detect the liquid level of the temperature control medium.

[0104] Specifically, this embodiment also proposes a fire-fighting method for a fully immersed energy storage device, which controls the energy storage component to be filled with a temperature control medium; controls the liquid level height of the temperature control medium in the immersion channel 121 to be kept within a set height range; during the normal operation of the fully immersed energy storage device, the operation state of the fully immersed energy storage device is monitored in real time, and the first-level fire-fighting, the second-level fire-fighting and the third-level fire-fighting are executed according to the trigger conditions. Specifically, during the normal operation of the fully immersed energy storage device, the vapor concentration of the temperature control medium can also be detected in real time by using the sensor installed inside the safety box 121. If it exceeds the set threshold, the safety exhaust valve 124 is opened to discharge the gas outside the box. Specifically, the trigger conditions and operation conditions of the first-level fire-fighting, the second-level fire-fighting and the third-level fire-fighting are as follows.

[0105] (1) First-level fire-fighting: Monitor the operation states of the energy storage component and each energy storage cell 10 in real time; judge whether the operation state of any energy storage cell 10 reaches the first-level fire-fighting trigger condition: if so, execute the first-level fire-fighting operation condition; if not, keep the normal operation condition unchanged. In this embodiment, the operation state of the energy storage component is monitored in real time, and data such as the temperature, pressure, current and voltage of each energy storage module 113 and the energy storage cell 10 are respectively collected. If at least one of the temperature, pressure, current and voltage data of the energy storage module 113 or the energy storage cell 10 exceeds the set safety threshold range, the first-level fire-fighting is triggered.

[0106] Specifically, the first-level fire operation condition is as follows: disconnect the charge-discharge circuit of the energy storage component, close the liquid return control valve 137, open the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123, so that the temperature control medium injected into the immersion channel 112 flows back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; at the same time, make the temperature control medium injected into the energy storage module 113 through the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enter the overflow channel 111 in an overflow manner, so that the overflow channel 111 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature control medium.

[0107] (2) Second-level fire protection: Use the sensors installed in the safety box 121 to detect at least one of the gas pressure, gas concentration, gas temperature and flame in real time, and judge whether the second-level fire protection trigger condition is reached: if so, execute the second-level fire operation condition; if not, judge whether all energy storage monomers 10 are in normal operation state: if all energy storage monomers 10 are in normal operation state, execute the normal operation condition, otherwise execute the first-level fire operation condition.

[0108] In this embodiment, use the sensors installed in the overflow channel, on the top of the energy storage bin and / or in the safety box 121 to detect the gas pressure, gas concentration, gas temperature and flame in real time; if the gas pressure reaches the set first air pressure threshold; and / or, the gas concentration reaches the set concentration threshold; and / or, the gas temperature reaches the set temperature threshold; and / or, open fire is detected; then trigger the second-level fire protection. The gas concentration described in this embodiment includes the evaporation gas concentration of the temperature control medium.

[0109] In this embodiment, when performing the second-level fire protection, after filling the energy storage bin 110 with the temperature control medium, then control the temperature control medium to enter the safety box 121 and reach the set liquid level height. In this way, it can be ensured that the energy storage bin 110 is completely filled with the temperature control medium to prevent the energy storage component from contacting the air.

[0110] Specifically, the second-level fire operation condition is as follows: disconnect the charge-discharge circuit of the energy storage component, close the liquid return control valve 137, open the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123, so that the temperature control medium injected into the immersion channel 112 flows back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; make the temperature control medium injected into the energy storage module through the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enter the overflow channel 111 in an overflow manner, so that the overflow channel 111 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature control medium; at the same time, control the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 to open, reduce the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and prevent the generation of open fire.

[0111] Specifically, according to the different operation states of the fully submerged energy storage device when the second-level fire protection is triggered, the following operations are respectively performed:

[0112] When the secondary fire trigger condition is reached and the energy storage device is in normal operation, the charge-discharge circuit of the energy storage component is disconnected, the liquid return control valve 137 is closed, the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123 are opened, so that the temperature control medium injected into the immersion channel 112 flows back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; the temperature control medium injected into the energy storage module through the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enters the overflow channel 111 by overflow, so that the overflow channel 111 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature control medium; at the same time, the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 is controlled to open, reducing the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and preventing the generation of open flames.

[0113] When the secondary fire trigger condition is reached and the energy storage device is in the primary fire operation condition, the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 is controlled to open, reducing the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and preventing the generation of open flames.

[0114] Specifically, if the secondary fire trigger condition is not reached, the following operations are respectively performed according to different operation states of the fully immersed energy storage device:

[0115] When the secondary fire trigger condition is not reached and all energy storage monomers 10 are in normal operation: at this time, if the energy storage device is in the primary fire operation condition, the charge-discharge circuit of the energy storage component is connected, the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123 are closed, the liquid return control valve 137 is opened, and the temperature control medium in the overflow channel 111 is emptied, so that the energy storage component returns to the normal operation condition; if the energy storage device is in the normal operation condition, the energy storage device remains in the normal operation condition unchanged.

[0116] When the secondary fire trigger condition is not reached and the operation state of at least one energy storage monomer 10 reaches the primary fire trigger condition: at this time, if the energy storage device is in the primary fire operation condition, the primary fire operation condition remains unchanged; if the energy storage device is in the normal operation condition, the charge-discharge circuit of the energy storage component is disconnected, the liquid return control valve 137 is closed, the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123 are opened, so that the temperature control medium injected into the immersion channel 112 flows back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; the temperature control medium injected into the energy storage module through the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enters the overflow channel 111 by overflow, so that the overflow channel 111 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature control medium.

[0117] (3) Tertiary fire: If the explosion-proof valve set on the safety box 121 is opened passively, the tertiary fire trigger condition is reached, and the tertiary fire operation condition is executed. That is, in this embodiment, the tertiary fire is triggered passively when the explosion-proof valve is opened passively.

[0118] Specifically, the three - level fire operation condition is as follows: disconnect the charge - discharge circuit of the energy storage component, close the liquid return control valve 137, open the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123, so that the temperature - controlled medium injected into the immersion channel 112 flows back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; make the temperature - controlled medium injected into the energy storage module through the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enter the overflow channel 111 in an overflow manner, so that the overflow channel 111 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature - controlled medium; at the same time, control the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 to open, reduce the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and prevent the generation of open flames; open the release device arranged in the top functional bin 120 to make the fire - fighting medium fill the top functional bin 120.

[0119] Specifically, according to the different operating states of the fully - immersed energy storage device when the three - level fire is triggered, the following operations are respectively performed:

[0120] When the three - level fire trigger condition is reached and the energy storage device is in the normal operating condition, disconnect the charge - discharge circuit of the energy storage component, close the liquid return control valve 137, open the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123, so that the temperature - controlled medium injected into the immersion channel 112 flows back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; make the temperature - controlled medium injected into the energy storage module through the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enter the overflow channel 111 in an overflow manner, so that the overflow channel 111 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature - controlled medium; at the same time, control the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 to open, reduce the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and prevent the generation of open flames; open the release device arranged in the top functional bin 120 to make the fire - fighting medium fill the top functional bin 120.

[0121] When the three - level fire trigger condition is reached and the energy storage device is in the first - level fire operation condition, then control the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 to open, reduce the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and prevent the generation of open flames; open the release device arranged in the top functional bin 120 to make the fire - fighting medium fill the top functional bin 120.

[0122] When the three - level fire trigger condition is reached and the energy storage device is in the second - level fire operation condition, then open the release device arranged in the top functional bin 120 to make the fire - fighting medium fill the top functional bin 120.

[0123] In the fire - fighting method of the fully - immersed energy storage device of this embodiment, under the normal operating condition, there is a temperature - controlled medium with a set liquid - level height range in the immersion channel, while there is no temperature - controlled medium or the liquid - level height of the temperature - controlled medium always remains below the overflow height of the lowest - layer energy storage module in the overflow channel. At the same time, each layer of the energy storage module is filled with the temperature - controlled medium;

[0124] Monitor the operating status of each energy storage unit in the energy storage component in real time. If it is determined that the operating status of the energy storage unit exceeds the normal range, trigger primary fire protection. Through the first connecting pipe, the liquid storage tank, and the second connecting pipe, a communicating vessel is formed between the immersion channel and the overflow channel, so that the temperature control medium in the immersion channel can quickly flow back into the overflow channel, and at the same time, the temperature control medium overflowing in the energy storage module can enter the overflow channel. In this way, it can be ensured that the overflow channel is filled with the temperature control medium in a very short time, achieving the safety protection against thermal runaway; when the operating status of all energy storage units returns to normal, disconnect the communicating vessel relationship between the immersion channel and the overflow channel, and drain the temperature control medium in the overflow channel;

[0125] Detect at least one of gas pressure, gas concentration, temperature, and flame in real time. If it is determined that the secondary fire protection trigger condition is reached, indicating that thermal runaway has occurred at this time, trigger secondary fire protection; at this time, based on the operating condition of the primary fire protection, open the safety exhaust valve to discharge the gas collected in the safety box outside the compartment, thereby reducing the gas pressure, gas concentration in the energy storage compartment, and preventing the generation of open flames;

[0126] If the explosion-proof valve on the safety box is opened, it indicates that a severe thermal runaway reaction has occurred at this time. At this time, based on the operating condition of the secondary fire protection, on the one hand, exhaust and relieve pressure through the opened explosion-proof valve, and on the other hand, open the release device in the top functional compartment to fill the top functional compartment with the fire protection medium, preventing the air in the top functional compartment from entering the energy storage compartment;

[0127] Although primary fire protection, secondary fire protection, and tertiary fire protection have a progressive relationship, they can also be triggered independently. For example, if the operating status of no energy storage unit is monitored to exceed the normal range, but the sensor detects that at least one of the gas pressure, gas concentration, gas temperature, and flame in the safety box reaches the preset condition, secondary fire protection can be directly triggered; for example, if neither primary fire protection nor secondary fire protection is triggered, if the explosion-proof valve on the safety box is opened passively, tertiary fire protection is directly triggered; in this way, thermal runaway can be prevented through primary fire protection and preparations for preventing thermal runaway can be made in advance; through secondary fire protection, the gas and substances produced by the thermal runaway reaction can be discharged in the top functional compartment in time to prevent combustion reactions when contacting the air in the top functional compartment; tertiary fire protection is passive fire protection. When tertiary fire protection is triggered, the top functional compartment is directly filled with the fire protection medium to directly isolate the possibility of contact between the energy storage compartment and the air; it can effectively improve the safety performance, prevent the spread of thermal runaway, and control the thermal runaway reaction within a limited range.

[0128] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments given to fully illustrate the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or transformations made by those skilled in the art in the technical field on the basis of the present utility model are all within the protection scope of the present utility model. The protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bottom plate and a battery pack mounted on the bottom plate, wherein the battery pack comprises end pressure plates at both ends and a plurality of battery cells between the two end pressure plates; the battery cells are arranged in n columns along the X direction and in m rows along the Y direction; when n≥1 and m≥2, inter-row gap channels are respectively provided between the battery cells in two adjacent rows and between the battery cells in two rows at both ends and the end pressure plates; a first field cooperative battery temperature control structure is provided in the inter-row gap channels; The first field-cooperative battery temperature control structure includes a first gasket arranged between battery surfaces; the first gasket is arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction parallel to the battery surface; the first direction and the second direction are both inclined relative to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction; the first gaskets are arranged at intervals and a first temperature control channel array located on the battery surface is formed between the first gaskets, the first temperature control channel array includes a plurality of first temperature control channels parallel to the first direction and a plurality of second temperature control channels parallel to the second direction, and the first temperature control channels and the second temperature control channels are staggered.

2. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The width of the first temperature control channel and the second temperature control channel is 2-45 mm.

3. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The width of the first temperature control channel and the second temperature control channel is 3-35 mm.

4. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The width of the first temperature control channel and the second temperature control channel is 3-25 mm.

5. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The width of the first temperature control channel and the second temperature control channel is 10-25 mm.

6. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ratio of the sum of the areas on the battery surface that are in contact with all the first gaskets to the surface area of ​​the battery surface is 20%-80%.

7. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The ratio of the sum of the areas on the battery surface that are in contact with all the first gaskets to the surface area of ​​the battery surface is 30%-50%.

8. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction are 1°-90°.

9. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction are 10°-80°.

10. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction are 30°-70°.

11. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction are 40°-60°.

12. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first temperature control channel and the second temperature control channel have the same included angle with a vertical plane perpendicular to the battery surface.

13. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gasket is a circular gasket, an elliptical gasket or a polygonal gasket; when the first gasket is a diamond gasket, a square gasket or a parallelogram gasket, the first direction and the second direction are respectively parallel to two adjacent sides of the first gasket.

14. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: When n≥2, an inter-column gap channel is provided between two adjacent columns of battery cells; a second field coordinated battery temperature control structure is provided in the inter-column gap channel; and the second field coordinated battery temperature control structure includes a second gasket provided between the sides of the battery cells.

15. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 14, characterized in that: The second gaskets are arranged in an array along a third direction and a fourth direction parallel to the side surfaces, and the third direction and the fourth direction are respectively parallel to two adjacent sides of the second gasket; the second gaskets are arranged at intervals and form a second temperature control channel array located between the side surfaces between the gaskets, and the second temperature control channel array includes a plurality of third temperature control channels parallel to the third direction and a plurality of fourth temperature control channels parallel to the fourth direction, and the third temperature control channels and the fourth temperature control channels are staggered.

16. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 15, characterized in that: The third temperature control channel and the fourth temperature control channel have the same included angle with a vertical plane perpendicular to the side surface of the battery.

17. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 14, characterized in that: The second gaskets are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower parts of the battery side surfaces respectively; the width of the second gasket located at the lower part of the battery side surface in the horizontal direction first gradually increases and then gradually decreases along the vertical upward direction.

18. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 17, characterized in that: The middle portion of the second gasket is provided with at least one through passage penetrating through the upper and lower ends thereof.

19. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 14, characterized in that: The thickness of the first gasket and the second gasket is 1-10 mm.

20. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 19, characterized in that: The thickness of the first gasket and the second gasket is 2-8 mm.

21. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 20, characterized in that: The thickness of the first gasket and the second gasket is 3-6 mm.

22. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 14, characterized in that: Both ends of the inter-row gap channel and the inter-column gap channel are sealed to form an internal channel.

23. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 22, characterized in that: The end pressure plates are arranged at the front and rear ends of the battery pack perpendicular to the X direction, and the end pressure plates seal the two ends of the inter-column gap channel; the two ends of the inter-row gap channel are respectively provided with sealing strips or sealing plates, and the sealing strips or sealing plates seal the two ends of the inter-row gap channel.

24. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 22, characterized in that: The bottom plate is provided with a liquid inlet flow distribution channel for distributing the temperature control medium to the inter-row gap channels and the inter-column gap channels.

25. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 24, characterized in that: A liquid inlet is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate, the liquid inlet diversion channel includes at least one diversion channel, and liquid inlet diversion ports connected to the internal channel are provided at intervals on the side walls of the diversion channel; when the diversion channel is set to one, the liquid inlet is connected to the diversion channel; when the diversion channel is set to at least two, the liquid inlet diversion channel includes a distribution channel perpendicular to the diversion channel, and all the diversion channels are connected to the distribution channel.

26. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 25, characterized in that: The distribution channel is provided with a first rough element for diverting the temperature control medium; the first rough element enables the temperature control medium in the distribution channel to enter the diverting channel according to a set flow ratio.

27. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 25, characterized in that: The diversion channel is set to be one, and the diversion channel is located in the middle of the bottom plate; or, the diversion channels are set to be two, and the two diversion channels are respectively located on both sides of the bottom plate; or, the diversion channels are set to be at least three, all of which are arranged on the bottom plate at intervals, and two of the diversion channels are located on both sides of the bottom plate.

28. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 25, characterized in that: A second rough element for guiding the temperature control medium is disposed on the bottom plate corresponding to the shunt channel, and support columns for supporting the battery cells are disposed at intervals on the top surface of the second rough element.

29. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 25, characterized in that: The shunt channel is a groove arranged on the bottom plate, and the bottom surface of the battery pack is provided with a cover plate arranged corresponding to the shunt channel; or, the shunt channel is a pipeline structure arranged on the bottom plate.

30. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 25, characterized in that: The width of the diversion channel gradually increases from front to back or from back to front.

31. The fully submerged energy storage module based on the field synergy principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid inlet is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate, and an overflow structure is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate. The overflow structure is arranged as an overflow notch or an overflow hole.

32. A fully submerged energy storage assembly based on the field synergy principle, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least two layers of the energy storage module as described in any one of claims 1 to 31.

33. The fully submerged energy storage assembly based on the field synergy principle according to claim 32, characterized in that: A liquid inlet is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate, and an overflow structure is provided on the lower surface of the bottom plate, and the overflow structure is set as an overflow notch or overflow hole; in two adjacent layers of the energy storage modules, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module located in the lower layer overflows through the overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module in the upper layer.

34. A fully submerged energy storage device based on the field synergy principle, characterized in that: It comprises a body, wherein an energy storage compartment is provided in the body, and the energy storage compartment is provided with the energy storage assembly as claimed in claim 32 or 33.

35. The fully submerged energy storage device based on the field synergy principle according to claim 34, characterized in that: A liquid inlet is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate, and an overflow structure is provided on the lower surface of the bottom plate; an overflow channel and an immersion channel independent of each other are provided between the energy storage assembly and the compartment, and the overflow structure is connected to the overflow channel.

36. The fully submerged energy storage device based on the field synergy principle according to claim 35, characterized in that: A top functional bin and a bottom functional bin are respectively provided above and below the energy storage bin; A liquid storage tank is provided in the bottom functional compartment; A top liquid inlet pipe for injecting a temperature control medium into the immersion channel is provided in the top functional compartment, and a top liquid inlet valve is provided on the top liquid inlet pipe; A first connecting pipe is provided between the bottom of the immersion channel and the liquid storage tank, and a first control valve is provided on the first connecting pipe; a second connecting pipe is provided between the overflow channel and the liquid storage tank; a liquid return pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank, and a liquid return control valve is provided on the liquid return pipe.

37. The fully submerged energy storage device based on the field synergy principle according to claim 36, characterized in that: The second connecting pipe is provided with a second control valve.

38. The fully submerged energy storage device based on the field synergy principle according to claim 36, characterized in that: A safety box is provided in the top functional compartment, and the safety box is connected to the energy storage compartment; Sensors for detecting gas pressure, gas concentration and fire source are provided in the safety box, the overflow channel and / or the top of the energy storage bin; The safety box is provided with a safety exhaust valve for exhausting gas out of the box; The safety box is provided with an explosion-proof valve which is passively opened when the air pressure reaches a set second air pressure threshold.

39. The fully submerged energy storage device based on the field synergy principle according to claim 38, characterized in that: A releaser for releasing fire-fighting media is arranged in the top functional compartment.

40. The fully submerged energy storage device based on the field synergy principle according to claim 38, characterized in that: A liquid level sensor for actually measuring the liquid level is provided in the safety box and / or on the top of the immersion channel.

41. The fully submerged energy storage device based on the field synergy principle according to claim 35, characterized in that: The liquid inlet is arranged at the bottom of the front side of the energy storage module, and the overflow channel is arranged between the rear side of the energy storage assembly and the compartment.

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