Refraction and reflection experimental device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a refraction and reflection experiment device, which comprises a base, a lens and a laser, a vertical plate is arranged on the base, the vertical plate is made of shading materials, and a through hole is arranged on the vertical surface of the vertical plate. The laser and the lens are arranged on the two sides of the vertical plate respectively, the lens is provided with a rotating point and horizontally turns over on the base, and angle square scales with the rotating point of the lens as the circle center are marked on the base. The laser emitting head, the through hole and the rotating point of the lens are located on the same straight line which is perpendicular to the vertical face of the vertical plate, laser of the emitting head penetrates through the through hole to be emitted to the vertical face of the lens to form incident rays, and the incident rays are reflected and refracted through the lens to form reflected rays and refracted rays respectively. The laser emitting head and the lens rotating point are fixed in position, so that the emitting head laser is emitted to the lens vertical surface rotating point position, and the included angle between the incident ray and the reflected ray / refracted ray is measured more accurately; and through shielding of the vertical plate, ambient light at the lens is darker, incident rays, reflected rays and refracted rays are obvious, and angle measurement is easier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of experimental instruments, in particular to a refraction and reflection experimental device. Background Art

[0002] When light propagates in a normal medium, the path it passes through is usually invisible. Therefore, in physics teaching, a laser pointer is usually used as a light source. The experimenter holds the laser source and observes the light rays formed by the laser as it propagates in air and water, thereby obtaining the law of light propagation.

[0003] The deficiencies of the above technology are as follows:

[0004] First, it is difficult for the experimenter to hold the laser to ensure that it is horizontally incident on the vertical surface of the lens, which easily leads to inaccurate measurement of the angles between the incident ray and the reflected ray and between the incident ray and the refracted ray.

[0005] Second, the environmental light is relatively bright and the light of the laser pointer is relatively dim, which easily leads to the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the refracted ray being not obvious, making it difficult to measure the angles. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a refraction and reflection experimental device, in which the positions of the laser emitter head and the lens rotation point are fixed, ensuring that the laser from the emitter head is incident on the rotation point position of the vertical surface of the lens, and the angles between the incident ray and the reflected ray / refracted ray are measured more accurately; through the shielding of the vertical plate, the environmental light at the lens is relatively dim, making the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the refracted ray obvious and making it easier to measure the angles.

[0007] In order to achieve the above invention purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A refraction and reflection experimental device includes a base, a lens, and a laser. A vertical plate is provided on the base, and the vertical plate is made of a light-shielding material and has a through-hole on its vertical surface. The laser and the lens are respectively arranged on both sides of the vertical plate. The lens has a rotation point and can be horizontally flipped on the base, and a protractor scale centered on the lens rotation point is marked on the base. The laser emitter head, the through-hole, and the lens rotation point are on the same straight line and this straight line is perpendicular to the vertical surface of the vertical plate. The laser from the emitter head passes through the through-hole and is incident on the vertical surface of the lens to form an incident ray, and the incident ray is reflected and refracted by the lens to respectively form a reflected ray and a refracted ray.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the refraction and reflection experimental device adopting the above technical solutions has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. Using the refraction and reflection experimental device of the present utility model, the positions of the laser emitter head and the lens rotation point are fixed, ensuring that the laser from the emitter head is incident on the vertical rotation point position of the lens. The angles between the incident ray and the reflected ray, and between the incident ray and the refracted ray are measured through the angle scale on the upper corner of the base, with relatively accurate measurement. The experimenter can flip the lens to change the angle between the incident ray and the lens, and the reflected ray and the refracted ray will change accordingly with the incident ray, thus obtaining the law of light propagation, with simple operation.

[0011] 2. Through the shielding of the vertical plate, the ambient light at the lens is relatively dim. The laser uses a short-pulse fiber laser, whose light is relatively bright and not prone to dispersion. The incident ray, reflected ray, and refracted ray are obvious, making it easier to measure the angles.

[0012] Preferably, the present utility model further includes a display. An angle sensor is provided at the lens rotation point, and the display is electrically connected to the angle sensor. The angle sensor includes a rotating shaft and a rotating base. The rotating shaft can rotate on the lens. A pointer A is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft. When the pointer A rotates to be collinear with the incident ray, a pointer B is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating base: when the pointer B rotates to be collinear with the reflected ray, the display shows the angle value between the incident ray and the reflected ray; when the pointer B rotates to be collinear with the refracted ray, the display shows the angle value between the incident ray and the refracted ray. The angle sensor uses a magneto-sensitive angle sensor. The experimenter rotates the rotating base to swing the pointer A to be collinear with the incident ray, and rotates the rotating shaft to swing the pointer B to be collinear with the reflected ray / refracted ray, so that the angle sensor measures the angle between the incident ray and the reflected ray / refracted ray and displays the value on the display. The experimenter can quickly and accurately obtain the angle measurement result by checking the display.

[0013] Preferably, a rotating groove is provided on the lens, and the rotating shaft is buckled in the rotating groove. A positioning groove and a positioning block are respectively provided at the joint between the upper surface of the base and the lower surface of the lens, and the positioning block is buckled in the positioning groove. The experimenter can take out the angle sensor from the rotating groove and take out the lens positioning block from the base positioning groove, so that the lens can be removed and replaced.

[0014] Preferably, a rotatable rotating column is provided on the upper surface of the base, and the positioning groove is provided on the rotating column. After the positioning block is buckled with the positioning groove, the lens is relatively fixed with the rotating column. A rotatable cross bar is provided in the base, and a movable member that can move horizontally is sleeved outside the cross bar. The movable member is threadedly connected to the cross bar, and a rack is provided on the side surface of the movable member. The rack meshes with the rotating column gear: when the cross bar rotates forward, the movable member and the rack move towards one end of the cross bar, driving the rotating column to rotate to one side; when the cross bar rotates in the reverse direction, the movable member and the rack move towards the other end of the cross bar, driving the rotating column to rotate to the other side. The experimenter flips the lens by rotating the cross bar, which can prevent the lens from accidentally flipping.

[0015] Preferably, the base is provided with a storage cavity, and the laser chassis is placed in the storage cavity. The laser is stored in the storage cavity, reducing the occupied space.

[0016] Preferably, a fastener is provided under the rotating shaft, and the fastener is made of elastic rubber material. The fastener is used to increase the friction between the rotating shaft and the rotating groove, preventing the rotating shaft from rotating accidentally in the rotating groove.

[0017] Preferably, a pull-out drawer is provided on the side of the base, and the display is placed in the drawer. When not in use, the display can be stored in the base by moving it into the drawer, reducing the occupied space; the experimenter can pull out the drawer to view the display, which is easy to operate, and the incident ray, reflected ray and refracted ray are not easily affected by the light of the display. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the refraction and reflection experimental device in the embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the base in the embodiment.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a top view of the refraction and reflection experimental device in the embodiment.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper surface of the lens in the embodiment.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower surface of the lens in the embodiment.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the angle sensor in the embodiment.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the engagement of the movable rack and the rotating column gear in the embodiment.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram when the cross bar rotates in the embodiment.

[0026] Reference Numerals: 1, base; 10, angle scale; 11, vertical plate; 12, through hole; 2, display; 21, wire; 22, drawer; 3, angle sensor; 31, rotating shaft; 32, rotating base; 33, pointer A; 34, pointer B; 35, fastener; 4, laser; 41, emission head; 42, chassis; 43, storage cavity; 5, lens; 50, rotating groove; 51, positioning block; 6, rotating column; 61, positioning groove; 62, rack; 63, movable part; 64, cross bar; 65, knob; 71, incident ray; 72, reflected ray; 73, refracted ray. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0027] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present utility model to achieve the predetermined utility model purpose, the following will, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, detail the specific implementation manners, structures, features and their effects of the present utility model as follows.

[0028] As Figures 1 to 8 shown in the refraction and reflection experimental device, which includes a base 1, a lens 5 and a laser 4. A vertical plate 11 is provided on the base 1. The vertical plate 11 is made of light-shielding material, and a through hole 12 is provided on the vertical surface of the vertical plate 11. The laser 4 and the lens 5 are respectively arranged on both sides of the vertical plate 11. The lens 5 has a rotation point and horizontally flips on the base 1. Angle scale 10 centered on the rotation point of the lens 5 is marked on the base 1. The laser emission head 41 of the laser 4, the through hole 12 and the rotation point of the lens 5 are on the same straight line and this straight line is perpendicular to the vertical surface of the vertical plate 11. The laser of the emission head 41 passes through the through hole 12 and shoots on the vertical surface of the lens 5 to form an incident ray 71. The incident ray 71 is reflected and refracted by the lens 5 to respectively form a reflected ray 72 and a refracted ray 73. The positions of the laser emission head 41 of the laser 4 and the rotation point of the lens 5 are fixed, ensuring that the laser of the emission head 41 shoots at the rotation point position on the vertical surface of the lens 5, and the angles between the incident ray 71 and the reflected ray 72, and between the incident ray 71 and the refracted ray 73 are measured through the angle scale 10 on the base 1, and the measurement is relatively accurate; the experimenter can flip the lens 5 to change the angle between the incident ray 71 and the lens 5, and the reflected ray 72 and the refracted ray 73 will change with the incident ray 71, so as to obtain the law of light propagation, and the operation is simple.

[0029] Among them, through the shielding of the vertical plate 11, the ambient light at the lens 5 is relatively dim. The laser 4 can refer to the existing VENUS short-pulse fiber laser (manufactured by Shanghai Feibo Laser Technology Co., Ltd.). The light of the laser 4 is relatively bright and not prone to dispersion. The incident ray 71, the reflected ray 72 and the refracted ray 73 are obvious, and it is relatively easy to measure the angle.

[0030] Refer to Figure 1, the present utility model further includes a display 2. An angle sensor 3 is provided at the rotation point of the lens 5. The display 2 is connected to the angle sensor 3 through a wire 21. The angle sensor 3 includes a rotating shaft 31 and a rotating base 32. The rotating shaft 31 can rotate on the lens 5. A pointer A 33 is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 31. When the pointer A 33 rotates to be collinear with the incident ray 71, a pointer B 34 is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating base 32: when the pointer B 34 rotates to be collinear with the reflected ray 72, the display 2 shows the angle value between the incident ray 71 and the reflected ray 72; when the pointer B 34 rotates to be collinear with the refracted ray 73, the display 2 shows the angle value between the incident ray 71 and the refracted ray 73. The angle sensor 3 can refer to the existing Milante P2020 high-precision magnetic-sensitive angle sensor 3 (manufactured by Shenzhen Milante Technology Co., Ltd.). The experimenter rotates the rotating base 32 to align the pointer A 33 with the incident ray 71, and rotates the rotating shaft 31 to align the pointer B 34 with the reflected ray 72 / refracted ray 73, so that the angle sensor 3 measures the angle between the incident ray 71 and the reflected ray 72 / refracted ray 73 and displays the value on the display 2. The experimenter can quickly and accurately obtain the angle measurement result by checking the display 2.

[0031] Wherein, anti-slip patterns are provided on the outer peripheral surfaces of both the rotating shaft 31 and the rotating base 32. The anti-slip patterns are used to increase the friction force, making it easier for the experimenter to rotate the rotating shaft 31 and the rotating base 32 by hand.

[0032] Wherein, a drawer 22 that can be pulled out is provided on the side of the base 1. The display 2 is placed in the drawer 22. When not in use, the display 2 can be stored in the base 1 by moving it into the drawer 22, reducing the occupied space; the experimenter can pull out the drawer 22 to view the display 2, which is easy to operate, and the incident ray 71, the reflected ray, and the refracted ray 73 are not easily affected by the light of the display 2.

[0033] Refer to Figures 2 to 6 , a circular rotating groove 50 is provided on the lens 5. The lower part of the rotating shaft 31 is buckled in the rotating groove 50. A semi-circular positioning block 51 is provided under the lens 5. A rotatable rotating column 6 is provided on the base 1. A positioning groove 61 is provided on the rotating column 6. The groove surface of the positioning groove 61 has the same shape as the outer shape of the positioning block 51. The positioning block 51 is buckled in the positioning groove 61, and after buckling, the lens 5 and the rotating column 6 are relatively fixed. The experimenter takes out the angle sensor 3 from the rotating groove 50 and takes out the positioning block 51 of the lens 5 from the positioning groove 61 of the base 1, so that the lens 5 can be removed and replaced.

[0034] Wherein, a fastener 35 is provided under the rotating shaft 31. The fastener 35 is made of elastic rubber material. The fastener 35 is used to increase the friction force between the rotating shaft 31 and the rotating groove 50, preventing the rotating shaft 31 from rotating accidentally in the rotating groove 50.

[0035] Among them, a rotatable cross bar 64 is provided inside the base 1. An movable member 63 capable of horizontal movement is sleeved outside the cross bar 64. The movable member 63 is in threaded connection with the cross bar 64. A rack 62 is provided on the side of the movable member 63. The rack 62 meshes with the gear of the rotating column 6: when the cross bar 64 rotates forward, the movable member 63 and the rack 62 move towards one end of the cross bar 64, driving the rotating column 6 to rotate to one side; when the cross bar 64 rotates reversely, the movable member 63 and the rack 62 move towards the other end of the cross bar 64, driving the rotating column 6 to rotate to the other side. A knob 65 is provided outside the base 1 on the cross bar 64. The cross bar 64 is driven to rotate in the same direction through the knob 65. The experimenter flips the lens 5 by rotating the knob 65, which can prevent the lens 5 from being accidentally flipped.

[0036] Referring to Figure 2 , a storage cavity 43 is provided in the base 1. The laser 4 chassis 42 is placed in the storage cavity 43. The laser 4 is stored in the storage cavity 43, reducing the occupied space.

[0037] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments by using the disclosed technical content within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A refraction and reflection experimental device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), a lens (5) and a laser (4); a vertical plate (11) is provided on the base (1); the vertical plate (11) is made of a light-shielding material; a through hole (12) is provided on a vertical surface of the vertical plate (11); The laser (4) and the lens (5) are respectively arranged on both sides of the vertical plate (11); the lens (5) is provided with a rotation point and is horizontally flipped on the base (1); and a square scale (10) with the rotation point of the lens (5) as the center is marked on the base (1). The laser (4) emitter head (41), the through hole (12) and the rotation point of the lens (5) are located on the same straight line and the straight line is perpendicular to the vertical surface of the vertical plate (11). The laser of the emitter head (41) passes through the through hole (12) and is incident on the vertical surface of the lens (5) to form an incident ray (71). The incident ray (71) is reflected and refracted by the lens (5) to form a reflection line (72) and a refraction line (73), respectively.

2. The refraction and reflection experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also comprises a display (2), an angle sensor (3) is provided at the rotation point of the lens (5), the display (2) is electrically connected to the angle sensor (3), the angle sensor (3) comprises a rotating shaft (31) and a rotating seat (32), the rotating shaft (31) is rotatable on the lens (5), a pointer A (33) is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft (31), the pointer A (33) is rotated to be collinear with the incident ray (71), and a pointer B (34) is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating seat (32): when the pointer B (34) is rotated to be collinear with the reflected ray (72), the display (2) displays the angle value of the included angle between the incident ray (71) and the reflected ray (72); when the pointer B (34) is rotated to be collinear with the refracted ray (73), the display (2) displays the angle value of the included angle between the incident ray (71) and the refracted ray (73).

3. The refraction and reflection experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lens (5) is provided with a rotation groove (50), the rotation shaft (31) is buckled in the rotation groove (50), and a positioning groove (61) and a positioning block (51) are respectively provided at the junction of the upper surface of the base (1) and the lower surface of the lens (5), and the positioning block (51) is buckled in the positioning groove (61).

4. The refraction and reflection experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a rotatable rotating column (6), the positioning groove (61) is provided on the rotating column (6), and the positioning block (51) is engaged with the positioning groove (61) so that the lens (5) and the rotating column (6) are relatively fixed. A rotatable cross bar (64) is provided inside the base (1), and a movable part (63) that can move horizontally is provided on the outer cover of the cross bar (64). The movable part (63) is threadedly connected to the cross bar (64), and a rack (62) is provided on the side of the movable part (63). The rack (62) is meshed with a gear of the rotating column (6): when the cross bar (64) rotates in the forward direction, the movable part (63) and the rack (62) move toward one end of the cross bar (64), driving the rotating column (6) to rotate to one side; when the cross bar (64) rotates in the reverse direction, the movable part (63) and the rack (62) move toward the other end of the cross bar (64), driving the rotating column (6) to rotate to the other side.

5. The refraction and reflection experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a storage cavity (43), and the chassis (42) of the laser (4) is placed in the storage cavity (43).

6. The refraction and reflection experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fastener (35) for increasing friction is provided below the rotating shaft (31), and the fastener (35) is made of elastic rubber material.

7. The refraction and reflection experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A drawer (22) that can be pulled out is provided on the side of the base (1), and the display (2) is placed in the drawer (22).

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