Sealing frame and galvanic pile monomer

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a sealing frame and a galvanic pile monomer, the sealing frame comprises a frame body and a sealing element, the sealing element is arranged on the frame body, and the sealing element comprises at least two sealing composite layer groups which are arranged in a stacking manner; each sealing composite layer set comprises a first non-water-absorbing layer, a first water-absorbing layer and a second non-water-absorbing layer which are sequentially stacked, and a second water-absorbing layer is arranged between every two adjacent sealing composite layer sets. Each galvanic pile monomer comprises a membrane electrode, two polar plates and two sealing frames, the membrane electrode and the sealing frames are clamped between the two polar plates, the membrane electrode is positioned between the two sealing frames, each polar plate is provided with a sealing groove, the frame body, the membrane electrode and the polar plates jointly form a sealing space, and the sealing element is positioned in the sealing groove and / or the sealing space. The sealing piece of the sealing frame can achieve self-expansion to block the sealing groove and the sealing space, the size value of the sealing piece does not need to be repeatedly matched and optimized, the development period is effectively shortened, and cost is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a sealing frame and a single cell of an electric stack. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, a single cell of an electric stack is composed of a membrane electrode, upper and lower two plates, and a sealing frame. The membrane electrode is clamped between the upper and lower two plates, and the sealing frame is sealed between the corresponding ends of the two plates and the membrane electrode. Generally speaking, in order to ensure the sealing performance, sealing elements are arranged between the sealing frame and the plates, and between the sealing frame, the upper and lower plates and the membrane electrode. In the actual production and manufacturing process, if the sealing elements have consistency problems in batches, it will cause the deformation of the whole electric stack after installation, resulting in sealing failure or even damage to the electric stack. Therefore, it is necessary to repeatedly match and optimize the size values of the sealing elements, which will greatly prolong the development cycle and generate a large amount of development funds. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a sealing frame and a single cell of an electric stack, wherein the sealing element has low requirements for design deviation and tolerance, and there is no need to repeatedly match and optimize the size value of the sealing element, effectively shortening the development cycle and saving funds.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A sealing frame includes:

[0006] A frame body;

[0007] A sealing element, which is arranged on the side part of the frame body and / or the end part of the frame body facing the membrane electrode; wherein,

[0008] The sealing element includes at least two sealing composite layer groups stacked along a first direction, and each sealing composite layer group includes a first non-absorbent layer, a first absorbent layer and a second non-absorbent layer stacked in sequence along the first direction, and a second absorbent layer is arranged between adjacent two sealing composite layer groups.

[0009] Preferably, one of the first non-absorbent layer and the second non-absorbent layer is set as an L shape, and the other is set as a straight shape. The first non-absorbent layer and the second non-absorbent layer are joined together to form a receiving groove, and the first absorbent layer is arranged in the receiving groove.

[0010] Preferably, the first non-absorbent layer includes a first layer part and a second layer part arranged at an angle, the first absorbent layer is attached to the first layer part, and the second non-absorbent layer is attached to the second layer part and the first absorbent layer at the same time.

[0011] Preferably, the opening of the accommodating groove is arranged towards one side of the membrane electrode.

[0012] Preferably, on one side of the frame body facing the membrane electrode, there is a jack for inserting the proton exchange membrane of the membrane electrode.

[0013] Preferably, the seal is adhesively connected to the frame body.

[0014] A single cell of an electric stack includes the sealing frame as described in any one of the above, and further includes:

[0015] A membrane electrode;

[0016] Plates are arranged in pairs at intervals in the first direction, and the membrane electrode and the sealing frame are respectively sandwiched between two of the plates;

[0017] The sealing frames are arranged in pairs at intervals in the second direction, and the membrane electrode is located between the two sealing frames;

[0018] The plate is provided with a sealing groove, and the seal on the side of the frame body is located in the sealing groove, and / or the frame body, the membrane electrode and the plate jointly form a sealed space, and the seal at the end of the frame body facing the membrane electrode is located in the sealed space;

[0019] The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0020] Preferably, the membrane electrode includes a first gas diffusion layer, a first catalytic layer, a proton exchange membrane, a second catalytic layer and a second gas diffusion layer which are sequentially laminated in the first direction, and the first gas diffusion layer and the second gas diffusion layer are respectively attached to the corresponding sides of the plates.

[0021] Preferably, the frame body is flush with the membrane electrode.

[0022] Preferably, a plurality of the sealing grooves are arranged at intervals, and a plurality of the seals on the side of the frame body are provided and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the sealing grooves.

[0023] Advantageous effects:

[0024] The sealing frame provided by the present utility model includes a frame body and a seal. The seal disposed on the side of the frame body can seal between the frame body and the electrode plate, and the seal disposed at the end of the membrane electrode can seal between the frame body, the membrane electrode and the two electrode plates. Specifically, the sealing composite layer group of the seal includes a first non-absorbent layer, a first absorbent layer, and a second non-absorbent layer stacked in sequence. A second absorbent layer is provided between adjacent two sealing composite layer groups. The first non-absorbent layer and the second non-absorbent layer are used to maintain the basic shape of the seal, and the first absorbent layer and the second absorbent layer can achieve water absorption and self-expansion. When the seal is located in the sealing groove and the sealing space, media such as humidified gas and deionized water are introduced to make the first absorbent layer and the second absorbent layer absorb water and self-expand. After expansion, they closely fit the inner peripheral walls of the sealing groove and the sealing space, avoiding the generation of gaps and achieving a reliable and effective sealing effect. The seal has low requirements for design deviations and tolerances, and there is no need to repeatedly match and optimize the seal size value, effectively shortening the development cycle and saving costs. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the sealing frame provided by the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the seal provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the seal provided by another embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the single cell of the stack provided by the present utility model before the seal expands;

[0029] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the single cell of the stack provided by the present utility model after the seal expands.

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] 1. Sealing frame; 11. Frame body; 111. Jack; 12. Seal; 121. First non-absorbent layer; 1211. First layer part; 1212. Second layer part; 122. First absorbent layer; 123. Second non-absorbent layer; 1231. Third layer part; 1232. Fourth layer part; 124. Second absorbent layer;

[0032] 2. Membrane electrode; 21. First gas diffusion layer; 22. First catalytic layer; 23. Proton exchange membrane; 24. Second catalytic layer; 25. Second gas diffusion layer;

[0033] 3. Electrode plate; 31. Sealing groove; 32. Sealing space. Detailed Embodiments

[0034] The present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model, rather than limiting the present utility model. Additionally, it should be noted that for the sake of description, only the parts related to the present utility model rather than all the structures are shown in the drawings.

[0035] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected", "connected to", and "fixed" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above the", and "on the" second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below the", and "under the" second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0037] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationships such as "above", "below", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of description and simplifying the operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meanings.

[0038] Refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a single cell of an electric stack. The single cell of the electric stack includes a membrane electrode 2 and a substrate, and further includes a sealing frame 1.

[0039] Specifically refer to Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, the sealing frame 1 includes a frame body 11 and a seal 12. The seal 12 is disposed on the side portion of the frame body 11 and / or the end portion of the frame body 11 facing the membrane electrode 2. The seal 12 includes at least two sets of sealing composite layers stacked in a first direction, and each set of sealing composite layers includes a first non-absorbent layer 121, a first absorbent layer 122, and a second non-absorbent layer 123 stacked in sequence in the first direction, and a second absorbent layer 124 is provided between two adjacent sets of sealing composite layers.

[0040] Specifically referring to Figures 4 to 5 As shown in the figure, the electrode plates 3 are arranged at intervals in pairs in the first direction, and the membrane electrode 2 and the sealing frame 1 are respectively sandwiched between two electrode plates 3. The sealing frames 1 are arranged at intervals in pairs in the second direction, and the membrane electrode 2 is located between two sealing frames 1. The electrode plates 3 are provided with sealing grooves 31, and the seals 12 on the side portions of the frame body 11 are located in the sealing grooves 31, and / or the frame body 11, the membrane electrode 2, and the electrode plates 3 jointly form a sealing space 32, and the seals 12 at the end portions of the frame body 11 facing the membrane electrode 2 are located in the sealing space 32. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0041] In this embodiment, the direction indicated by a in the drawing is the first direction, and the first direction may be the height direction of the single cell of the stack. The direction indicated by b in the drawing is the second direction, and the second direction may be the length direction of the single cell of the stack.

[0042] In this embodiment, the seal 12 disposed on the side portion of the frame body 11 can seal between the frame body 11 and the electrode plate 3, and the seal 12 disposed at the end portion of the membrane electrode 2 can seal between the frame body 11, the membrane electrode 2, and the two electrode plates 3. Specifically, the sealing composite layer group of the seal 12 includes a first non-absorbent layer 121, a first absorbent layer 122, and a second non-absorbent layer 123 stacked in sequence, and a second absorbent layer 124 is provided between two adjacent sealing composite layer groups. When the seal 12 is located in the sealing groove 31 and the sealing space 32, media such as humidified gas and deionized water are introduced to make the first absorbent layer 122 and the second absorbent layer 124 absorb water and expand self-expandingly. After expansion, they closely fit the inner peripheral walls of the sealing groove 31 and the sealing space 32, avoiding the generation of gaps and achieving a reliable and effective sealing effect. The seal 12 has low requirements for design deviations and tolerances, and there is no need to repeatedly match and optimize the size value of the seal 12, effectively shortening the development cycle and saving costs.

[0043] In some alternative embodiments, only the sealing groove 31 is provided on the electrode plate 3 of the single cell of the stack, and the sealing space 32 is not provided. In this case, only the seal 12 can be correspondingly provided on the side portion of the frame body 11 to block the gap and meet the sealing effect.

[0044] In some alternative embodiments, no sealing groove 31 is formed on the electrode plate 3 of the single cell of the stack. Only the frame body 11, the membrane electrode 2, and the electrode plate 3 form a sealing space 32. In this case, a sealing member 12 can be correspondingly provided only at the end of the frame body 11 facing the membrane electrode 2 to block the gap and meet the sealing effect.

[0045] Exemplarily, the first water-absorbing layer 122 and the second water-absorbing layer 124 are specially made of a resin with water-absorbing properties. The water-absorbing resin component can be one or more of polyacrylic acid-based water-absorbing resin, polyamide-based water-absorbing resin, nano-composite superabsorbent resin, acrylamide copolymer, polysaccharide-based water-absorbing resin, polybutyl acrylate, acrylonitrile graft copolymer, sodium acrylate resin, sodium polyacrylate resin, polystyrene resin. The non-water-absorbing resin component can be one or more of silicone rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylic acid, polysulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone. At the position where sealing is required, the mixed resin is prepared by coating in layers in sequence or in the form of a film with a water-absorbing resin wrapped outside. The proportion of the water-absorbing resin can be 5%-95%.

[0046] In this embodiment, one of the first non-water-absorbing layer 121 and the second non-water-absorbing layer 123 is set to be L-shaped, and the other is set to be straight-shaped. The first non-water-absorbing layer 121 and the second non-water-absorbing layer 123 are joined together to form a receiving groove, and the first water-absorbing layer 122 is arranged in the receiving groove. The first non-water-absorbing layer 121 and the second non-water-absorbing layer 123 are arranged on both sides of the first water-absorbing layer 122 along the first direction. The first non-water-absorbing layer 121 and the second non-water-absorbing layer 123 are used to maintain the basic shape of the sealing member, and the first water-absorbing layer 122 can achieve water-absorbing self-expansion so that the sealing composite layer group can expand.

[0047] Exemplarily, referring to Figure 2 As shown, the shape of the first non-water-absorbing layer 121 is set to be L-shaped, and the shape of the second non-water-absorbing layer 123 is set to be straight-shaped. Specifically, the first non-water-absorbing layer 121 includes a first layer portion 1211 and a second layer portion 1212 arranged at an angle. The first water-absorbing layer 122 is attached to the first layer portion 1211, and the second non-water-absorbing layer 123 is attached to both the second layer portion 1212 and the first water-absorbing layer 122 at the same time. Specifically, the upper end surface of the second layer portion 1212 and the upper end surface of the first water-absorbing layer 122 together form a fitting end surface for contacting the second non-water-absorbing layer 123. When the first water-absorbing layer 122 does not absorb water and self-expand, the fitting end surface is set to be a plane, that is, the upper end surface of the second layer portion 1212 is flush with the upper end surface of the first water-absorbing layer 122.

[0048] Specifically, the first layer portion 1211 extends along the second direction, and the second layer portion 1212 extends along the first direction.

[0049] Exemplarily, referring toFigure 3 As shown, the shape of the first non-absorbent layer 121 is set to be linear, and the shape of the second non-absorbent layer 123 is set to be L-shaped. The second non-absorbent layer 123 includes a third layer portion 1231 and a fourth layer portion 1232 arranged at an angle. The first absorbent layer 122 is attached to the third layer portion 1231, and the first non-absorbent layer 121 is attached to both the fourth layer portion 1232 and the first absorbent layer 122 at the same time. Specifically, the upper end surfaces of the fourth layer portion 1232 and the first absorbent layer 122 together form a fitting end surface for contacting the first non-absorbent layer 121. When the first absorbent layer 122 does not absorb water and self-expand, the fitting end surface is set to be a plane, that is, the upper end surface of the fourth layer portion 1232 is flush with the upper end surface of the first absorbent layer 122.

[0050] Specifically, the third layer portion 1231 extends along the second direction, and the fourth layer portion 1232 extends along the first direction.

[0051] Specifically, the opening of the accommodating groove is arranged facing one side of the membrane electrode. So that the accommodating groove can face the gas diffusion layer in the membrane electrode 2, and media such as humidified gas and deionized water pass through the gas diffusion layer and then reach the first absorbent layer 122 through the opening of the accommodating groove, thereby more effectively ensuring the water absorption and self-expansion of the first absorbent layer 122. Exemplarily, the dimension of the seal 12 along the first direction is set to be 0.02 mm - 2 mm, and the dimension of the seal 12 along the second direction is set to be 0.02 mm - 2 mm.

[0052] In some alternative embodiments, the frame body 11 can be entirely made of the material of the seal 12, that is, the frame body 11 is stacked by a plurality of seal composite layers. In this case, the frame body 11 and the seal 12 are set to be integrated. In this case, the dimension of the integrated structure of the frame body 11 and the seal 12 along the second direction is set to be 1 mm - 100 mm.

[0053] Furthermore, a jack 111 for inserting the proton exchange membrane 23 of the membrane electrode 2 is provided on one side of the frame body 11 facing the membrane electrode 2. The setting of the jack 111 facilitates the edge of the proton exchange membrane 23 to extend into the corresponding side of the frame body 11.

[0054] In this embodiment, continue to refer to Figures 4 to 5As shown in the figure, the membrane electrode 2 includes a first gas diffusion layer 21, a first catalytic layer 22, a proton exchange membrane 23, a second catalytic layer 24, and a second gas diffusion layer 25 that are sequentially stacked in the first direction. The first gas diffusion layer 21 and the second gas diffusion layer 25 are respectively attached to the corresponding side plates 3. Specifically, the proton exchange membrane 23 is the core component of the membrane electrode 2, which has a blocking effect and also has the function of conducting protons. The gas diffusion layer can play an important role in supporting the catalytic layer, collecting current, conducting gas, and discharging the reaction product water in the single cell of the stack. Media such as humidified gas and deionized water can be introduced into the first water absorption layer 122 and the second water absorption layer 124 of the seal 12 through the gas diffusion layer, realizing the water absorption and self-expansion of the first water absorption layer 122 and the second water absorption layer 124.

[0055] In this embodiment, along the first direction, the frame body 11 is flush with the membrane electrode 2. With this setting, the upper and lower plates 3 can be more reliably and effectively fitted, further ensuring the sealing performance.

[0056] Optionally, a plurality of sealing grooves 31 are arranged at intervals, and a plurality of seals 12 are provided on the side of the frame body 11 and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the sealing grooves 31. The cooperation of the plurality of seals 12 and the sealing grooves 31 can further block the gap between the plate 3 and the sealing frame 1, further enhancing the sealing effect.

[0057] Exemplarily, the assembly process of the membrane electrode 2, the plate 3, and the sealing frame 1 of the electric propulsion single cell will be described below. First, the membrane electrode 2 to be assembled needs to be prepared, and then the upper and lower plates 3 are installed, and the membrane electrode 2 is clamped between the two plates 3. Then, two sealing frames 1 are installed. When the sealing frame 1 is installed in place, the seal 12 on the side of the frame body 11 is located in the sealing groove 31, and the seal 12 at the end of the frame body 11 facing the membrane electrode 2 is located in the sealing space 32. After the installation of the membrane electrode 2, the plate 3, and the sealing frame 1 is completed, by introducing media such as humidified gas and deionized water, the self-expansion of the water absorption layer in the seal 12 is realized. After expansion, the seal 12 closely fits the inner peripheral walls of the sealing groove 31 and the sealing space 32, avoiding the generation of gaps and achieving a reliable and effective sealing effect. By designing the maximum water absorption and expansion size of the thin film to meet the force design value of the stack, the self-sealing assembly of the single cell of the stack is realized. After the water absorption layer in the seal 12 expands, it fills the sealing groove 31 and the sealing space 32, realizing the sealing function. In addition, after the thin film absorbs water and expands, the edge position of the membrane electrode 2 plays the role of hydrogel, realizing the self-sealing assembly of the single cell of the stack, and because the edge position can perform the dynamic diffusion of water between the anode and the cathode, the local area water management coupling optimization of the single cell of the stack can be realized.

[0058] Exemplarily, the preparation method of the seal is described below. First, it is necessary to scrape and coat the first non-water-absorbing layer 121 arranged in an L shape as the bottom film. On this basis, the first water-absorbing layer 122 and the second non-water-absorbing layer 123 are scraped and coated in sequence from bottom to top to prepare a single-layer sealed composite layer group. Immediately afterwards, the second water-absorbing layer 124 is scraped and coated above the sealed composite layer group. The first water-absorbing layer 122 and the second water-absorbing layer 123 are made of water-absorbing resin, and the first non-water-absorbing layer 121 and the second non-water-absorbing layer 123 are made of non-water-absorbing resin. After scraping and coating the second water-absorbing layer 124, the overall structure of the sealed composite layer group is cured to obtain the seal 12 with the ability of hydrothermal management in the middle.

[0059] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly explaining the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sealing frame, characterized in that: include: Frame body (11); A sealing member (12), wherein the sealing member (12) is arranged on a side of the frame body (11) and / or an end of the frame body (11) facing the membrane electrode; wherein: The sealing component (12) comprises at least two sealing composite layer groups stacked along a first direction, the sealing composite layer groups comprising a first non-water-absorbing layer (121), a first water-absorbing layer (122) and a second non-water-absorbing layer (123) stacked in sequence along the first direction, and a second water-absorbing layer (124) is provided between two adjacent sealing composite layer groups.

2. The sealing frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the first non-water-absorbing layer (121) and the second non-water-absorbing layer (123) is configured to be L-shaped, and the other is configured to be I-shaped. The first non-water-absorbing layer (121) and the second non-water-absorbing layer (123) are combined to form a receiving groove, and the first water-absorbing layer (122) is disposed in the receiving groove.

3. The sealing frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first non-water-absorbing layer (121) comprises a first layer portion (1211) and a second layer portion (1212) which are arranged at an angle, the first water-absorbing layer (122) is adhered to the first layer portion (1211), and the second non-water-absorbing layer (123) is adhered to the second layer portion (1212) and the first water-absorbing layer (122) at the same time.

4. The sealing frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opening of the containing groove is arranged toward one side of the membrane electrode.

5. The sealing frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plug hole (111) for inserting a proton exchange membrane of the membrane electrode is provided on a side of the frame body (11) facing the membrane electrode.

6. The sealing frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing member (12) is adhesively connected to the frame body (11).

7. A battery stack monomer, characterized in that: The sealing frame (1) comprises the sealing frame (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and further comprises: Membrane electrode (2); The electrode plates (3) are arranged in pairs at intervals along a first direction, and the membrane electrode (2) and the sealing frame (1) are respectively sandwiched between two of the electrode plates (3); The sealing frames (1) are arranged in pairs at intervals along the second direction, and the membrane electrode (2) is located between two of the sealing frames (1); The electrode plate (3) is provided with a sealing groove (31), the sealing member (12) on the side of the frame body (11) is located in the sealing groove (31), and / or the frame body (11), the membrane electrode (2) and the electrode plate (3) together form a sealed space (32), and the sealing member (12) at the end of the frame body (11) facing the membrane electrode (2) is located in the sealed space (32); The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

8. The battery stack monomer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The membrane electrode (2) comprises a first gas diffusion layer (21), a first catalytic layer (22), a proton exchange membrane (23), a second catalytic layer (24) and a second gas diffusion layer (25) which are stacked in sequence along a first direction; the first gas diffusion layer (21) and the second gas diffusion layer (25) are respectively attached to the electrode plate (3) on the corresponding side.

9. The battery stack monomer according to claim 7, characterized in that: Along the first direction, the frame body (11) is arranged flush with the membrane electrode (2).

10. The battery stack monomer according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of the sealing grooves (31) are arranged at intervals, and a plurality of the sealing members (12) are provided on the side of the frame body (11) and are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the sealing grooves (31).

Images