Vehicle power supply system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a vehicle power supply system and a vehicle. The vehicle power supply system comprises a direct current power supply and a short circuit removal circuit, the first output end of the direct-current power supply is used for supplying power to the first-class load unit, and the second output end is used for supplying power to the second-class load unit; the output end of the short-circuit cutting circuit is connected with the enabling end of the direct-current power supply; the short-circuit removal circuit is used for receiving the short-circuit signal, and when the short-circuit signal is received, the output end of the short-circuit removal circuit sends a power supply removal instruction to the direct-current power supply; the power cut-off instruction is used for disconnecting a first output end of the direct-current power supply from a second output end of the direct-current power supply; according to the invention, the short-circuit removal circuit is arranged, the connection between the two output ends of the DC power supply is removed in time when the short-circuit signal is detected, the voltage of the second output end of the DC power supply is prevented from being lowered due to the short circuit of the first-class load unit, the power supply of the second-class load unit is ensured, and the safety of the vehicle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a vehicle power supply system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the automotive industry, automobiles are increasingly involved in our daily life and work. With the popularization of automobiles, vehicle accidents are also increasing. Therefore, the safety and reliability of automobiles are of crucial importance.

[0003] In the prior art, when a vehicle collides, if some loads are short-circuited, the main power supply may be pulled down, resulting in power loss of the door lock controller, the airbag controller, etc., and further causing the doors to be unable to be unlocked and the vehicle occupants to be unable to escape, which poses certain potential safety hazards and reduces the safety and reliability of the vehicle. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The embodiment of the utility model provides a vehicle power supply system and a vehicle to solve the problem that when a collision occurs in the prior art, some loads are short-circuited, resulting in the power supply voltage being pulled down and the doors being unable to be normally unlocked.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiment of the utility model provides a vehicle power supply system, including: a DC power supply and a short-circuit cut-off circuit;

[0006] The first output terminal of the DC power supply is used to supply power to the first type of load unit, and the second output terminal of the DC power supply is used to supply power to the second type of load unit;

[0007] The output terminal of the short-circuit cut-off circuit is connected to the enable terminal of the DC power supply; the short-circuit cut-off circuit is used to receive a short-circuit signal, and when the short-circuit signal is received, a power supply cut-off instruction is sent from the output terminal of the short-circuit cut-off circuit to the DC power supply;

[0008] The power supply cut-off instruction is used to disconnect the connection between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the DC power supply; wherein, after the connection between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the DC power supply is disconnected, the second output terminal of the DC power supply normally supplies power to the second type of load unit.

[0009] Optionally, the DC power supply includes: a voltage converter and a switching tube;

[0010] The input terminal of the voltage converter is used to be connected to a power supply, the output terminal of the voltage converter forms the second output terminal of the DC power supply, and the output terminal of the voltage converter is also connected to the first terminal of the switching tube;

[0011] The second terminal of the switching tube forms the first output terminal of the DC power supply, and the control terminal of the switching tube forms the enable terminal of the DC power supply.

[0012] Optionally, the short - circuit removal circuit includes: a current sensor, a voltage - dividing unit, a follower unit, and a first comparison unit;

[0013] The current sensor is arranged in the path where the switching device is located and is used to detect the current flowing through the switching device;

[0014] The input end of the voltage - dividing unit is connected to the voltage output end of the current sensor, and the output end of the voltage - dividing unit is connected to the input end of the follower unit;

[0015] The output end of the follower unit is connected to the first input end of the first comparison unit. The second input end of the first comparison unit is used to input a first reference voltage, and the output end of the first comparison unit forms the output end of the short - circuit removal circuit.

[0016] Optionally, the short - circuit removal circuit further includes: a differential amplifier unit, a second comparison unit, and an MCU chip;

[0017] The first input end of the differential amplifier unit is connected to the first end of the switching device, the second input end of the differential amplifier unit is connected to the second end of the switching device, and the output end of the differential amplifier unit is connected to the first input end of the second comparison unit;

[0018] The second input end of the second comparison unit is used to input a second reference voltage, and the output end of the second comparison unit is connected to the second input end of the MCU chip;

[0019] The first input end of the MCU chip is connected to the output end of the first comparison unit, and the output end of the MCU chip forms the output end of the short - circuit removal circuit.

[0020] Optionally, the third input end of the MCU chip is connected to the host computer and is used to receive the collision signal sent by the host computer.

[0021] Optionally, the switching device is an NMOS.

[0022] Optionally, the vehicle power supply system further includes: an energy storage module;

[0023] The second output end of the DC power supply is further connected to the energy storage module.

[0024] Optionally, the first - type load unit includes: a radiator fan.

[0025] Optionally, the second - type load unit includes: a door lock controller and a safety airbag controller.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, including any one of the vehicle power supply systems provided in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] An embodiment of the present utility model provides a vehicle power supply system and a vehicle. The vehicle power supply system includes: a DC power supply and a short-circuit removal circuit; a first output terminal of the DC power supply is used to supply power to a first type of load unit, and a second output terminal of the DC power supply is used to supply power to a second type of load unit; an output terminal of the short-circuit removal circuit is connected to an enable terminal of the DC power supply; the short-circuit removal circuit is configured to receive a short-circuit signal, and when the short-circuit signal is received, a power supply removal instruction is sent from the output terminal of the short-circuit removal circuit to the DC power supply; the power supply removal instruction is used to disconnect the connection between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the DC power supply; wherein, after the connection between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the DC power supply is disconnected, the second output terminal of the DC power supply normally supplies power to the second type of load unit. In the embodiment of the present utility model, loads that are prone to short-circuit during a collision are classified as the first type of load unit, and loads that need to ensure power supply during a fault are classified as the second type of load unit. The first type of load unit and the second type of load unit are powered by different output terminals of the DC power supply; this application is provided with a short-circuit removal circuit. When a short-circuit signal is detected, the connection between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the DC power supply is cut off, ensuring that the supply voltage of the second type of load unit will not be pulled down, guaranteeing the stability of the power supply to the second type of load unit, enabling the doors, etc. of the vehicle to be normally opened when a collision or other faults occur in the vehicle, and effectively improving the safety and reliability of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a vehicle power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 is another schematic circuit structure diagram of a vehicle power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a short-circuit removal circuit provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this solution, the following will clearly describe the technical solution in the embodiments of this solution with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this solution. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this solution, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this solution, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this solution.

[0033] The term "including" in the specification, claims, and above-mentioned accompanying drawings of this solution, as well as any other variations, means "including but not limited to", intending to cover non-exclusive inclusion and not limited to the examples listed in the text. In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order.

[0034] For new energy vehicles, such as EV (Electric Vehicle, pure electric vehicle) or hybrid vehicles, the radiator fan, airbag controller, body controller (controlling the door lock), etc. are all powered by the same power source. When the vehicle collides, some loads represented by the radiator are extremely prone to short circuit, which will pull down the voltage of the entire power source, thus affecting the power supply of the airbag controller and the body controller, resulting in the door lock not being able to open, affecting the escape of the vehicle occupants, and seriously affecting the safety and reliability of the vehicle.

[0035] Based on this, referring to Figure 1 , a vehicle power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model powers the in-vehicle loads. Referring to Figure 1 , the vehicle power supply system includes: a DC power supply 1 and a short-circuit cut-off circuit 2;

[0036] The first output terminal of the DC power supply 1 is used to supply power to the first type of load unit, and the second output terminal of the DC power supply 1 is used to supply power to the second type of load unit;

[0037] The output terminal of the short-circuit cut-off circuit 2 is connected to the enable terminal of the DC power supply 1; the short-circuit cut-off circuit 2 is used to receive a short-circuit signal, and when the short-circuit signal is received, a power cut-off instruction is sent from the output terminal of the short-circuit cut-off circuit 2 to the DC power supply 1;

[0038] The power cut-off instruction is used to disconnect the connection between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the DC power supply 1; wherein, after the connection between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the DC power supply 1 is disconnected, the second output terminal of the DC power supply 1 normally supplies power to the second type of load unit.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the in-vehicle loads are classified. For the loads that are prone to short - circuit, they are classified into the first - type load unit; for some loads that require power supply guarantee, they are classified into the second - type load unit. The first - type load unit and the second - type load unit are respectively powered by different output terminals of the DC power supply 1. This application is provided with a short - circuit removal circuit 2, which cuts off the connection between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the DC power supply 1 when a short - circuit signal is detected, thereby ensuring the continuity of the power supply to the second - type load unit and avoiding the influence on the power supply of the loads in the second - type load unit when the loads in the first - type load unit are short - circuited, effectively improving the safety and stability of the vehicle.

[0040] Specifically, the short - circuit signal can be a vehicle collision signal, an over - current signal, etc.

[0041] In a possible implementation manner, referring to Figure 2 , the DC power supply 1 may include: a voltage converter 11 and a switching transistor Q1;

[0042] The input end of the voltage converter 11 is used to connect to the power supply, the output end of the voltage converter 11 forms the second output terminal of the DC power supply 1, and the output end of the voltage converter 11 is also connected to the first end of the switching transistor Q1;

[0043] The second end of the switching transistor Q1 forms the first output terminal of the DC power supply 1, and the control end of the switching transistor Q1 forms the enable end of the DC power supply 1.

[0044] The DC power supply 1 includes a voltage converter 11 and a switching transistor Q1. The voltage converter 11 directly powers the second - type load unit, and a switching transistor Q1 is provided between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the DC power supply 1. The power - cut instruction is the control signal of the switching transistor Q1. When a short - circuit signal is detected, a power - cut instruction is output to control the switching transistor Q1 to disconnect, thereby disconnecting the connection between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the DC power supply 1, cutting off the first - type load unit, and avoiding the influence on the power supply of the second - type load unit due to the short - circuit of the first - type load unit.

[0045] Exemplarily, the voltage converter 11 can be a DCDC, and the output - terminal voltage of the voltage converter 11 can be 12V.

[0046] In a possible implementation manner, referring to Figure 3 , the short - circuit removal circuit 2 may include: a current sensor 21, a voltage - dividing unit 22, a follower unit 23, and a first comparison unit 24;

[0047] The current sensor 21 is arranged in the path where the switching transistor Q1 is located, and is used to detect the current flowing through the switching transistor Q1;

[0048] The input end of the voltage dividing unit 22 is connected to the voltage output end of the current sensor 21, and the output end of the voltage dividing unit 22 is connected to the input end of the follower unit 23;

[0049] The output end of the follower unit 23 is connected to the first input end of the first comparison unit 24. The second input end of the first comparison unit 24 is used to input the first reference voltage VCC1, and the output end of the first comparison unit 24 forms the output end of the short - circuit removal circuit 2.

[0050] When there is a short - circuit load in the first - type load unit, the current flowing through the switching transistor Q1 will rise rapidly, and the short - circuit signal can be an over - current signal. Based on this, in the embodiment of the present invention, a current sensor 21 is arranged in the path where the switching transistor Q1 is located to detect the current flowing through the switching transistor Q1 and convert it into a voltage signal for output; the voltage dividing unit 22 is used to divide the voltage signal output by the current sensor 21 to meet the device voltage requirements; the follower unit 23 is used for buffering, isolation, reducing the output impedance, reducing the current consumption, and reducing the influence of the access of the short - circuit removal circuit 2 on the power supply path of the DC power supply 1; the first comparison unit 24 is used for voltage comparison and outputs the short - circuit detection result; when the current flowing through the switching transistor Q1 is less than the preset current, the first comparison unit 24 outputs the first level, which is used to indicate that there is no over - current in the switching transistor Q1; the switching transistor Q1 can be directly controlled to conduct by the first level, and the DC power supply 1 outputs normally; when the current flowing through the switching transistor Q1 is not less than the preset current, the first comparison unit 24 outputs the second level, which is used to indicate that there is an over - current in the switching transistor Q1; the second level directly controls the switching transistor Q1 to turn off; for example, when the switching transistor Q1 is an NMOS, the first level is a high level and the second level is a low level. Thus, the short - circuit removal circuit 2 can detect the current flowing through the switching transistor Q1 and directly control the on - off of the switching transistor Q1, so as to timely cut off the first - type load unit in case of over - current and avoid the voltage of the DC power supply 1 being pulled down, resulting in abnormal power supply of the second - type load unit.

[0051] Among them, the magnitude of the preset current can be set according to actual application requirements, and specific details are not limited here. Specifically, the magnitude of the preset current can be adjusted by adjusting the first reference voltage VCC1.

[0052] Exemplarily, the voltage dividing unit 22 can be implemented by resistor voltage division; the follower unit 23 can be implemented by a comparator; the first comparison unit 24 can also be implemented by a comparator. The specific circuits of the above - mentioned each unit are all conventional technical means in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0053] In a possible implementation manner, referring to Figure 3 , the short - circuit removal circuit 2 may further include: a differential amplification unit 25, a second comparison unit 26, and an MCU chip U1;

[0054] The short - circuit signal can be an over - current signal combined with an over - voltage signal. The first input terminal of the differential amplification unit 25 is connected to the first end of the switching transistor Q1, the second input terminal of the differential amplification unit 25 is connected to the second end of the switching transistor Q1, and the output terminal of the differential amplification unit 25 is connected to the first input terminal of the second comparison unit 26;

[0055] The second input terminal of the second comparison unit 26 is used to input the second reference voltage VCC2, and the output terminal of the second comparison unit 26 is connected to the second input terminal of the MCU chip U1;

[0056] The first input terminal of the MCU chip U1 is connected to the output terminal of the first comparison unit 24, and the output terminal of the MCU chip U1 forms the output terminal of the short - circuit removal circuit 2.

[0057] Meanwhile, when there is a short - circuit load in the first - type load unit, the voltage at the first output terminal of the DC power supply 1 is quickly pulled down, which will cause a large voltage difference across the switching transistor Q1. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention also sets a voltage detection circuit to detect the voltage difference across the switching transistor Q1. The differential amplification unit 25 is used to obtain and amplify the voltage difference across the switching transistor Q1; the second comparison unit 26 is also used for voltage comparison and outputs a short - circuit detection result; when the voltage across the switching transistor Q1 is greater than the preset voltage, the second comparison unit 26 outputs a third level to indicate that there is over - current in the switching transistor Q1; when the voltage across the switching transistor Q1 is not greater than the preset voltage, the second comparison unit 26 outputs a fourth level to indicate that there is no over - current in the switching transistor Q1.

[0058] To improve the detection accuracy, the embodiment of the present invention sets the MCU chip U1, which comprehensively determines whether there is over - current according to the short - circuit detection result output by the first comparison unit 24 and the short - circuit detection result output by the second comparison unit 26, and then controls the on - off of the switching transistor Q1.

[0059] Exemplarily, the specific logic is executed inside the MCU chip U1 and can be:

[0060] 1. When the first comparison unit 24 detects over - current or the second comparison unit 26 detects over - current, it is determined that there is over - current, and the switching transistor Q1 is controlled to turn off; otherwise, the switching transistor Q1 remains on;

[0061] 2. Only when the first comparison unit 24 detects over - current and the second comparison unit 26 also detects over - current, it is determined that there is over - current, and the switching transistor Q1 is controlled to turn off; otherwise, the switching transistor Q1 remains on;

[0062] The specific judgment logic includes but is not limited to the above two types, and can be set according to actual application requirements, which is a conventional technical means in this field. This application only protects the hardware circuit including the MCU chip U1, and does not protect this judgment logic, which is not the inventive point of this application.

[0063] In a possible implementation, referring to Figure 3 , the third input terminal of the MCU chip U1 is connected to the host computer for receiving the collision signal Sig1 sent by the host computer.

[0064] More specifically, the MCU chip U1 of the present application can also obtain the collision signal Sig1 sent by the host computer (the collision sensor detects the collision and sends it to the host computer, and the host computer sends it to the MCU chip U1), and comprehensively determines whether there is overcurrent by combining the collision signal Sig1, the output of the first comparison unit 24, and the output of the second comparison unit 26.

[0065] Exemplarily, the specific logic can be as follows:

[0066] 1. When the collision signal Sig1 is received, and both the first comparison unit 24 and the second comparison unit 26 detect overcurrent, it is determined that there is overcurrent, and the switching transistor Q1 is controlled to turn off; otherwise, the switching transistor Q1 is not turned off.

[0067] 2. When any two of the above three conditions are satisfied, it is determined that there is overcurrent, and the switching transistor Q1 is controlled to turn off; otherwise, the switching transistor Q1 is not turned off.

[0068] The specific judgment logic includes but is not limited to the above two, and can be set according to actual application requirements, which is a conventional technical means in the art.

[0069] In a further implementation, the short - circuit removal circuit 2 can also only include the differential amplification unit 25 and the second comparison unit 26, and directly control the on - off of the switching transistor Q1 through the output of the second comparison unit 26 to achieve short - circuit fault removal.

[0070] In another possible implementation, the short - circuit removal circuit 2 can only include the differential amplification unit 25, the second comparison unit 26, and the MCU chip U1. At the same time, it receives the collision signal sent by the host computer and comprehensively determines overcurrent.

[0071] In another possible implementation, the short - circuit removal circuit 2 can only include the current sensor 21, the voltage - dividing unit 22, the follower unit 23, the first comparison unit 24, and the MCU chip U1. At the same time, it receives the collision signal sent by the host computer and comprehensively determines overcurrent.

[0072] Specifically, the specific circuit structure of the short - circuit removal circuit 2 can be adjusted according to actual application requirements, and no specific limitation is made.

[0073] In a possible implementation, referring to Figure 2 , the switching transistor Q1 can be an NMOS.

[0074] In a possible implementation, referring to Figure 2, the vehicle power supply system may further include: an energy storage module 3;

[0075] The second output terminal of the DC power supply 1 is also connected to the energy storage module 3.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present invention, an energy storage module 3 is also provided. When the DC power supply 1 fails, the energy storage module 3 can supply power to the second type of load unit to ensure stable power supply for the second type of load unit. At the same time, if the first type of load unit is not short-circuited, the energy storage module 3 can also supply power to the first type of load unit through the switching tube Q1 to ensure stable power supply for the first type of load unit.

[0077] Exemplarily, the energy storage module 3 can be a battery.

[0078] In a possible implementation manner, referring to Figure 2 , the first type of load unit may include: a radiator fan.

[0079] The radiator fan is very likely to be short-circuited during a collision, so it is classified as the first type of load unit to facilitate timely disconnection in case of a short circuit. The first type of load unit may also include other loads in the cabin that are prone to short circuits.

[0080] In a possible implementation manner, referring to Figure 2 , the second type of load unit may include: a door lock controller and an airbag controller.

[0081] The door lock controller and the airbag controller can form the second type of load unit, and it is necessary to ensure their power supply.

[0082] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 , the door lock controller can be a body controller. When a collision occurs, the airbag controller receives the collision signal and sends the collision signal to the body controller. The body controller has stable power supply and controls the door lock to unlock, so that the occupants in the vehicle can escape in time, improving the safety and reliability of the vehicle.

[0083] Corresponding to the above embodiments, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a vehicle, including the vehicle power supply system provided in any of the above embodiments, and having the advantages of any of the above vehicle power supply systems, which will not be elaborated herein specifically.

[0084] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle power supply system, characterized in that: include: DC power supply and short circuit removal circuit; The first output end of the DC power supply is used to supply power to the first type of load unit, and the second output end of the DC power supply is used to supply power to the second type of load unit; The output end of the short-circuit removal circuit is connected to the enable end of the DC power supply; the short-circuit removal circuit is used to receive a short-circuit signal, and when the short-circuit signal is received, the output end of the short-circuit removal circuit sends a power removal instruction to the DC power supply; The power cut-off instruction is used to disconnect the connection between the first output end of the DC power supply and the second output end of the DC power supply; wherein, after the first output end of the DC power supply and the second output end of the DC power supply are disconnected, the second output end of the DC power supply normally supplies power to the second type of load unit.

2. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC power supply includes: a voltage converter and a switch tube; The input end of the voltage converter is used to be connected to the power supply, the output end of the voltage converter forms the second output end of the DC power supply, and the output end of the voltage converter is also connected to the first end of the switch tube; The second end of the switch tube forms the first output end of the DC power supply, and the control end of the switch tube forms the enable end of the DC power supply.

3. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The short circuit removal circuit comprises: a current sensor, a voltage dividing unit, a following unit and a first comparing unit; The current sensor is arranged in the passage where the switch tube is located, and is used to detect the current flowing through the switch tube; The input end of the voltage dividing unit is connected to the voltage output end of the current sensor, and the output end of the voltage dividing unit is connected to the input end of the follower unit; The output end of the follower unit is connected to the first input end of the first comparison unit, the second input end of the first comparison unit is used to input a first reference voltage, and the output end of the first comparison unit forms the output end of the short-circuit removal circuit.

4. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The short circuit removal circuit also includes: a differential amplification unit, a second comparison unit and an MCU chip; The first input end of the differential amplifier unit is connected to the first end of the switch tube, the second input end of the differential amplifier unit is connected to the second end of the switch tube, and the output end of the differential amplifier unit is connected to the first input end of the second comparison unit; The second input terminal of the second comparison unit is used to input a second reference voltage, and the output terminal of the second comparison unit is connected to the second input terminal of the MCU chip; The first input end of the MCU chip is connected to the output end of the first comparison unit, and the output end of the MCU chip forms the output end of the short-circuit removal circuit.

5. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third input terminal of the MCU chip is connected to the host computer and is used to receive the collision signal sent by the host computer.

6. The vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The switch tube is NMOS.

7. The vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The vehicle power system also includes: an energy storage module; The second output end of the DC power supply is also connected to the energy storage module.

8. The vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first type of load units includes: radiator fans.

9. The vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The second type of load units include: door lock controllers and airbag controllers.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a vehicle power supply system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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