Enamel tube boiler air filter

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of boiler air preheaters, and particularly relates to an enamel tube boiler air filter. According to the scheme, an outlet area, an inlet area and a flow channel located between the inlet area and the outlet area are included, a plurality of Tesla valve structures are arranged in the flow channel to divide the flow channel into a flowing area and a blocking area, and smoke enters the flow channel from the inlet area, then passes through the flowing area and the blocking area and is discharged from the outlet area; a tubular area formed between the blocking area and the flowing area is an exchange pipe, and the two ends of the exchange pipe are communicated with air and the circulating fluidized bed boiler respectively. Pressure relief openings are formed in the lowest positions of the blocking areas, and pressure relief devices are installed around the pressure relief openings and used for rapidly spraying a large amount of high-pressure gas out of the flow channel through the pressure relief openings when the air pressure in the blocking areas is too high. According to the scheme, the problem that the air pre-heater is abraded by a brush in the process of cleaning the air pre-heater is solved, and the heating speed of flue gas to air is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This solution belongs to the field of boiler air preheaters, and specifically relates to an enamel tube boiler air filter. Background Art

[0002] An air preheater, also known as an air preheater, is a heat exchanger that uses the exhaust heat of boilers and other devices to preheat air. The air preheater is installed in the flue at the tail of the boiler. The flue gas flows through the outside of the tube bank of the air preheater, and the air passes through the inside of the tube bank of the air preheater. When the flue gas flows through the outside of the tube bank, it transfers heat to the air.

[0003] Since the exchange tubes of the air preheater are in contact with the flue gas and the particulate dust carried in the flue gas for a long time during operation, ash is likely to accumulate between the steel tubes of the air preheater and is not easy to clean. To solve this problem, Patent CN214198755U discloses an air preheater tube bank for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which uses rollers to drive a brush ring to reciprocally clean the side walls of the exchange tubes of the air preheater to prevent dust from accumulating on the side walls of the exchange tubes. However, when the temperature of the flue gas exceeds 300°, ordinary brushes are not resistant to high temperatures and cannot be used in the flue at the tail of the boiler. The brush material suitable for the flue environment at the tail of the boiler is too hard (such as metal material), and it causes great wear and consumption to the exchange tubes of the air preheater during the reciprocating cleaning process, accelerating the replacement frequency of the air preheater. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of this solution is to provide an enamel tube boiler air filter to solve the problem of wear caused by the brush to the air preheater during the cleaning process.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, this solution provides an enamel tube boiler air filter, including: an outlet area, an inlet area, and a flow channel located between the inlet area and the outlet area. A plurality of Tesla valve structures are provided in the flow channel to divide the flow channel into a flow area and a blocking area. The flue gas enters the flow channel from the inlet area and then passes through the flow area and the blocking area, and is discharged from the outlet area; the tubular area formed between the blocking area and the flow area is the exchange tube, and both ends of the exchange tube are respectively connected to air and a circulating fluidized bed boiler; a pressure relief port is provided at the lowest point of the blocking area, and a pressure relief device is installed around the pressure relief port. The pressure relief device is used to quickly eject a large amount of high-pressure gas out of the flow channel through the pressure relief port when the air pressure in the blocking area is too high.

[0006] The principle and effect of this solution are as follows: (1) This solution utilizes the obstruction characteristics of fluid when flowing reversely in the Tesla valve structure to block and accumulate the dust in the flue gas at the bottom of the blocking area. The more blocking areas the flue gas passes through, the less dust the flue gas carries, reducing the dust attached to the exchange pipes. At the same time, when the flue gas is blocked, the air pressure in the flow channel increases. When the air pressure is too high, the pressure relief device quickly sprays a large amount of high-pressure gas outward through the pressure relief port. At this time, the gas in the flow channel quickly rushes towards the outside of the flow channel, flushing the dust deposited at the bottom of the blocking area and attached to the exchange pipes to the outside of the flow channel, cleaning the inside of the flow channel (the bottom of the blocking area and the outside of the exchange pipes). The cleaning method of using air flow to flush out the dust in this solution causes minimal wear to the exchange pipes, solving the problem of wear caused by the brush to the air preheater during the cleaning process of the air preheater.

[0007] (2) When this solution blocks the flue gas, it slows down the speed of the flue gas passing through the exchange pipes, reducing the heat loss of the flue gas (the faster the gas flow rate, the lower the gas temperature) and increasing the contact time between the flue gas and the exchange pipes. Thus, it increases the heating rate of the flue gas to the exchange pipes (i.e., the heating rate of the flue gas to the air). When the pressure relief device quickly sprays a large amount of high-pressure gas to the outside of the flow channel, due to the high speed and large quantity of the gas and the short jet time, the action time of the low-temperature gas on the exchange pipes during jetting is short. After jetting, a large amount of hot flue gas surrounds the exchange pipes again, minimizing the influence of the low-temperature gas on the exchange pipes.

[0008] In summary, this solution not only solves the problem of wear caused by the brush to the air preheater during the cleaning process of the air preheater but also increases the heating rate of the flue gas to the air.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple flow channels are provided between the outlet area and the inlet area, and each flow channel is parallel to each other.

[0010] The parallel arrangement of the flow channels can reduce the distance between the flow channels, making the flow channels arranged more compactly together. The number of flow channels in the same space increases, and the number of exchange pipes also increases accordingly, thereby increasing the air intake of the air preheater.

[0011] Furthermore, both the inner and outer sides of the flow channels are made of enamel material.

[0012] The enamel material has a smooth surface and is not easy to attach dust; after dust is attached to the enamel material, it is easier to be washed or blown off. In this solution, the enamel material cooperates with high-pressure and high-speed gas, enabling the dust attached to the enamel to be cleaned faster and more thoroughly; the enamel material is corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, capable of resisting the wear of the dust in the flue gas and also resisting the erosion of the corrosive gas (sulfide gas) in the flue gas, extending the service life of the air preheater; the enamel material has better thermal conductivity, which can further assist in increasing the heating rate of the flue gas to the air.

[0013] Furthermore, it further includes a cleaning box which wraps the outer sides of the outlet area, the inlet area and the flow channel. A cleaning inlet is provided at the upper end of the cleaning box, and a cleaning outlet is provided at the lower end. The cleaning inlet is communicated with a cleaning pipe, and the outlet of the cleaning pipe is arranged on both sides of the top end of the flow channel.

[0014] The cleaning box can collect the dust ejected from the high-pressure gas. In the prior art, the flue gas passing through the air preheater needs to be treated before being discharged into the atmosphere. After the air preheater, a dust removal device needs to be connected to remove most of the dust in the flue gas. The cleaning box provided in this solution can collect some dust in advance, reduce the dust content in the flue gas, enable the dust removal device to handle more flue gas, and improve the working efficiency of the dust removal device.

[0015] When cleaning the outer side of the flow channel, cleaning liquid is introduced into the cleaning inlet. The cleaning liquid flushes the dust on the outer side of the flow channel, and the solid-liquid mixture (the mixture of dust and cleaning liquid) after flushing is discharged from the cleaning outlet. This solution also utilizes the acceleration characteristic of the fluid when flowing in the forward direction in the Tesla valve structure. During flushing, since the cleaning channel formed between the outer sides of two adjacent flow channels also has the Tesla valve structure, and the flowing direction of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel is the forward direction of the Tesla valve structure, the cleaning channel has the effect of increasing the flow rate of the cleaning liquid, making the flushing force of the cleaning liquid on the outer side of the flow channel greater and the cleaning speed faster.

[0016] Furthermore, the exchange pipe runs across both sides of the cleaning box, and both ends of the exchange pipe are fixedly connected to the cleaning box; the flow channel is horizontally arranged in the cleaning box, one side of the cleaning box is fixedly connected to the side wall of the flow channel, and the other side is fixedly connected to the outlet area.

[0017] One side of the cleaning box is fixedly connected to the side wall of the flow channel, and the other side is fixedly connected to the outlet area. In this way, a cleaning channel can be left between the side of the flow channel and the cleaning box. The cleaning channel is communicated with the outlets of all the cleaning pipes, so that all the solid-liquid mixtures can flow through the cleaning channel to the same cleaning outlet, making the collection work of the solid-liquid mixture more convenient and simple.

[0018] Furthermore, the pressure relief device includes a pressure lock and a door panel. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the flow channel outside the pressure relief port. One end of the door panel is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and a torsion spring is wound around the rotating shaft. The torsion spring is in a natural state when the door panel fits against the pressure relief port. The other end of the door panel is fixedly connected to a limit slider, and the limit slider is slidably connected to the pressure relief port. The pressure lock includes a sliding tube, a first rack, and a first gear. The sliding tube communicates with the blocking area and extends outward from the flow channel. A plug is slidably connected inside the sliding tube, and a sliding limit block for restricting the sliding range of the plug is also provided inside the sliding tube. A return spring is fixedly connected between the upper end of the sliding limit block and the lower end of the plug. A piston rod is fixedly connected below the plug, and the piston rod meshes with the first gear. The rotating shaft of the first gear is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube. The first gear meshes with the first rack, and the first rack is slidably connected to the sliding tube. When the door panel rotates, the limit slider is located in the sliding direction of the first rack. When the door panel fits against the pressure relief port, the first rack is located below the door panel.

[0019] When the door panel fits against the pressure relief port, the first rack is located below the door panel. As the air pressure in the blocking area continuously increases, the flue gas pushes the plug to slide downward in the sliding tube, and the return spring is compressed and accumulates elastic potential energy. When the plug slides, it drives the fixedly connected piston rod to move downward. When the piston rod moves downward, it drives the meshing first gear to rotate. When the first gear rotates, it drives the meshing first rack to slide outward from the door panel. When the first rack slides to the side of the door panel, the first rack no longer provides support for the door panel, and the door panel is bounced open by the air pressure and rotates around the rotating shaft. The torsion spring accumulates elastic potential energy when the door panel is bounced open. The top of the limit slider slides to the edge of the pressure relief port and limits the rotation range of the door panel. After the door panel is bounced open, the high-pressure gas sprays the dust out of the pressure relief port. After the high-pressure gas is sprayed out, the moving direction of the first rack is blocked by the limit slider, the first rack is stationary on the side of the limit slider, the first gear is restricted from rotating by the first rack, the piston rod is restricted from moving by the first gear, the plug is restricted from sliding by the piston rod, and the return spring is stationary and remains in the compressed state; the torsion spring releases the elastic potential energy after the high-pressure gas is sprayed out and pushes the door panel to rotate. The limit slider slides into the blocking area as the door panel rotates. When the door panel rotates to fit against the pressure relief port, the moving direction of the first rack is no longer blocked, the return spring releases the elastic potential energy, the plug slides upward in the sliding tube, the piston rod moves upward and drives the first gear to rotate, and the first gear drives the first rack to move below the door panel, and the first rack provides support for the door panel.

[0020] In this way, the flow channel can be automatically cleaned through the change of air pressure during the operation of the air preheater, which can not only clean the flow channel but also does not affect the air preheater's heating of air; at the same time, by using the airflow generated by the change of air pressure to eject the dust, the heat energy in the flue gas is converted into the kinetic energy for cleaning the flow channel, increasing the utilization of the flue gas and reducing the expenditure on cleaning costs.

[0021] Further, the outer surface on the upper side of the outlet area is coplanar with the inner surface on the lower side of the cleaning outlet, and it is an inclined surface.

[0022] The inclined surface can more quickly discharge the solid-liquid mixture from the cleaning box, and can also make it easier for dust to be flushed out by the cleaning liquid, avoiding the bottom of the cleaning box from being blocked by dust.

[0023] Further, a plurality of cleaning ports are arranged on both sides of the flow channel.

[0024] The plurality of cleaning ports can not only guide the cleaning liquid to cover the inside of the cleaning box more comprehensively, but also help to increase the flow rate of the cleaning liquid. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic top-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic top-side sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 A schematic enlarged view of the A structure in

[0028] The following will be further described in detail through specific embodiments:

[0029] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: 1, flow channel; 2, cleaning box; 3, exchange pipe; 4, cleaning inlet; 5, cleaning port; 6, outlet of the cleaning pipe; 7, door panel; 8, inlet area; 9, flow area; 10, blocking area; 11, outlet area; 12, cleaning outlet; 14, rotating shaft; 15, torsion spring; 16, sliding pipe; 17, first gear; 18, first rack; 19, piston rod; 20, sliding limit block; 21, return spring; 22, plug; 23, limit slider; 24, cleaning channel. Specific Embodiments

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept of the present invention and the technical effects produced in combination with the embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention:

[0031] Embodiment

[0032] As shown in the attached Figure 2As shown, an enamel tube boiler air filter includes an outlet area 11, an inlet area 8, and a flow channel 1 located between the inlet area 8 and the outlet area 11. A plurality of Tesla valve structures are provided in the flow channel 1 to divide the flow channel 1 into a flow area 9 and a blocking area 10. Flue gas enters the flow channel 1 from the inlet area 8 and is discharged from the outlet area 11 after passing through the flow area 9 and the blocking area 10. The tubular area formed between the blocking area 10 and the flow area 9 is an exchange tube 3. Both ends of the exchange tube 3 are respectively connected to air and a circulating fluidized bed boiler. When air flows through the exchange tube 3, it is heated by the flue gas in the blocking area 10 and the flow area 9.

[0033] Pressure relief openings are provided on the flow channel 1 at the lowest part of the blocking area 10, and pressure relief devices are installed around the pressure relief openings. The pressure relief devices include a pressure lock and a door panel 7. As Figure 3 shown, a rotating shaft 14 is fixedly welded to the flow channel 1 outside the pressure relief opening. The door panel 7 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 14. A torsion spring 15 is wound around the rotating shaft 14. One end of the torsion spring 15 supports on the door panel 7, and the other end supports on the outside of the flow channel 1. When the door panel 7 fits with the pressure relief opening, the torsion spring 15 is in a natural state. The other end of the door panel 7 is fixedly adhered with a limit slider 23, and the limit slider 23 is slidably connected to the edge of the pressure relief opening. The pressure lock includes a sliding tube 16, a first rack 18, and a first gear 17. The sliding tube 16 is connected to the blocking area 10 and extends outward to the flow channel 1. A piston rod 19 is slidably connected in the sliding tube 16. A plug cover 22 is fixedly adhered above the piston rod 19, and the plug cover 22 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube 16. A sliding limit block 20 for restricting the sliding range of the plug cover 22 is provided in the sliding tube 16. A return spring 21 is fixedly adhered between the upper end of the sliding limit block 20 and the lower end of the plug cover 22. The piston rod 19 is vertically engaged with the side surface of the first gear 17. The rotating shaft 14 of the first gear 17 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube 16. The first rack 18 is horizontally engaged with the first gear 17, and the first rack 18 is slidably connected to the sliding tube 16.

[0034] When the door panel 7 fits with the pressure relief port, the first rack 18 is located below the door panel 7. As the air pressure in the blocking area 10 continuously increases, the flue gas pushes the plug 22 to slide downward in the sliding tube 16, and the return spring 21 is compressed and accumulates elastic potential energy. When the plug 22 slides, it drives the fixedly connected piston rod 19 to move downward. When the piston rod 19 moves downward, it drives the engaged first gear 17 to rotate. When the first gear 17 rotates, it drives the engaged first rack 18 to slide outward from the door panel 7. When the first rack 18 slides to the side of the door panel 7, the first rack 18 no longer provides support for the door panel 7, and the door panel 7 is bounced open by the air pressure and rotates around the rotating shaft 14. The torsion spring 15 accumulates elastic potential energy when the door panel 7 is bounced open, and the top of the limit slider 23 slides to the edge of the pressure relief port and limits the rotation range of the door panel 7. After the door panel 7 is bounced open, the high-pressure gas sprays the dust out of the pressure relief port. After the high-pressure gas is sprayed out, the moving direction of the first rack 18 is blocked by the limit slider 23, and the first rack 18 stops on the side of the limit slider 23. The first gear 17 is restricted by the first rack 18 and cannot rotate, the piston rod 19 is restricted by the first gear 17 and cannot move, and the plug is restricted by the piston rod 19 and cannot slide. The return spring 21 stops and remains in the compressed state; the torsion spring 15 releases the elastic potential energy after the high-pressure gas is sprayed out and pushes the door panel 7 to rotate. The limit slider 23 slides into the blocking area 10 as the door panel 7 rotates. When the door panel 7 rotates to fit with the pressure relief port, the moving direction of the first rack 18 is no longer blocked, the return spring 21 releases the elastic potential energy, the plug 22 slides upward in the sliding tube 16, the piston rod 19 moves upward and drives the first gear 17 to rotate, the first gear 17 drives the first rack 18 to move to below the door panel 7, and the first rack 18 provides support for the door panel 7.

[0035] As shown in the Figure 2 attachment, the upper outer surface of the outlet area 11 is coplanar with the lower inner surface of the cleaning outlet 12 and is an inclined plane. A plurality of cleaning ports 5 are arranged on both sides of the flow channel 1. As shown in the Figure 1 attachment, the exchange pipe 3 runs across both sides of the cleaning box 2. Both ends of the exchange pipe 3 are fixedly welded to the cleaning box 2. The flow channel 1 is horizontally placed in the cleaning box 2. Each flow channel 1 is parallel to each other. The inner and outer sides of the flow channel 1 are made of enamel. One side of the cleaning box 2 is fixedly welded to the side of the flow channel 1, and a cleaning channel 24 is provided between the other side of the cleaning box 2 and the flow channel 1. When cleaning the outside of the flow channel 1, cleaning liquid is introduced into the cleaning inlet 4, and the cleaning liquid flushes the dust on the outside of the flow channel 1. The flushed solid-liquid mixture is discharged from the cleaning outlet 12.

[0036] The above are only the embodiments of the present utility model, and common general knowledge such as the specific structures and characteristics known in the solutions is not described in detail herein. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present utility model, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present utility model and the practicability of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners and the like recorded in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An enamel tube boiler air filter, characterized in that: include: An outlet area, an inlet area and a flow channel between the inlet area and the outlet area. A plurality of Tesla valve structures are arranged in the flow channel to divide the flow channel into a flow area and a blocking area. After the flue gas enters the flow channel from the inlet area, it passes through the flow area and the blocking area and is released from the outlet area. The tubular area formed between the blocking area and the flow area is an exchange tube, and the two ends of the exchange tube are respectively connected to the air and the circulating fluidized bed boiler. A pressure relief port is arranged at the lowest point of the blocking area, and a pressure relief device is installed around the pressure relief port. The pressure relief device is used to quickly spray a large amount of high-pressure gas to the outside of the flow channel through the pressure relief port when the air pressure in the blocking area is too high.

2. The enamel tube boiler air filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of flow channels are arranged between the outlet area and the inlet area, and the flow channels are parallel to each other.

3. The enamel tube boiler air filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side and the outer side of the flow channel are both made of enamel material.

4. The enamel tube boiler air filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cleaning box, which is wrapped around the outlet area, the inlet area and the outside of the flow channel. The upper end of the cleaning box is provided with a cleaning inlet, the lower end is provided with a cleaning outlet, the cleaning inlet is connected to a cleaning pipe, and the outlets of the cleaning pipe are arranged on both sides of the top of the flow channel.

5. The air filter for an enameled tube boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exchange tubes run across both sides of the cleaning box, and both ends of the exchange tubes are fixedly connected to the cleaning box; the flow channel is placed horizontally in the cleaning box, one side of the cleaning box is fixedly connected to the side wall of the flow channel, and the other side is fixedly connected to the outlet area.

6. The enamel tube boiler air filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure relief device includes a pressure lock and a door panel, wherein the flow channel outside the pressure relief port is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, one end of the door panel is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft, a torsion spring is wound on the rotating shaft, and the torsion spring is in a natural state when the door panel is in contact with the pressure relief port, and the other end of the door panel is fixedly connected with a limiting slider, and the limiting slider is slidably connected with the pressure relief port; the pressure lock includes a sliding tube, a first rack and a first gear, the sliding tube is connected with the blocking area and extends to the outside of the flow channel, a blocking cover is slidably connected in the sliding tube, the sliding tube is also provided with a sliding limit block that limits the sliding range of the blocking cover, and a reset spring is fixedly connected between the upper end of the sliding limit block and the lower end of the blocking cover; a piston rod is fixedly connected below the blocking cover, the piston rod is meshed with the first gear, the rotating shaft of the first gear is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the sliding tube, the first gear is meshed with the first rack, the first rack is slidably connected with the sliding tube, and when the door panel rotates, the limiting slider is located in the sliding direction of the first rack, and when the door panel is in contact with the pressure relief port, the first rack is located below the door panel.

7. The enamel tube boiler air filter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer surface of the upper side of the outlet area is coplanar with the inner surface of the lower side of the clean outlet and is an inclined surface.

8. The air filter for an enameled tube boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that: Multiple cleaning ports are arranged on both sides of the flow channel.

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