Plasma emitter with special-shaped structure and plasma electrode tip matched with plasma emitter

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of plasma cutting, and particularly discloses a plasma emitter with a special-shaped structure. The plasma emitter has a polygonal cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the height thereof. Therefore, compared with a common cylindrical plasma emitter with a smooth surface and the like in the prior art, the plasma emitter has a larger surface area on the premise of equal material consumption, so that the cooling contact area between the plasma emitter and the inner wall of a base body is increased during application, and the service life of the plasma emitter is prolonged. The problem that the cooling contact area is insufficient due to different cooling coefficients of materials of an existing plasma emitter and a base body is solved to a certain extent, and the defect that the service life of an existing conventional plasma emitter with a smooth outer wall is short is overcome to a certain extent. The utility model further discloses a plasma electrode tip with the plasma emitter. The plasma electrode tip based on the plasma emitter with the special-shaped structure can show good cutting efficiency in actual cutting application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of plasma cutting. Specifically, it provides a plasma emitter for a plasma cutting machine with a special-shaped structure, and a plasma electrode head adapted to the plasma emitter. Background Art

[0002] Plasma cutting technology has become a major cutting method in the cutting of metal materials, especially non-ferrous metals and stainless steel materials. Compared with other cutting methods, plasma cutting greatly improves the cutting quality and efficiency.

[0003] The electrode head is the plasma cutting machine accessory with the largest consumption. The quality of the electrode head directly affects the cutting quality, efficiency and cost of plasma cutting. Therefore, improving the quality of the electrode head is a very crucial technical point. Among them, the service life of the electrode head is an important parameter for measuring the quality of the electrode head.

[0004] The currently used plasma electrode head for plasma cutting machines is mostly composed of a copper or copper alloy matrix and a plasma emitter located at its head end. The emitter is mainly made of pure hafnium or pure zirconium and is mostly cylindrical. However, this combined plasma emitter has the problem of insufficient service life, and the plasma emitter needs to be frequently replaced, which greatly affects the plasma cutting efficiency and increases the processing cost. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The inventor of the utility model found in the long-term research on plasma electrode heads that even if directly purchasing imported pure hafnium or pure zirconium raw materials to process the plasma emitter, its service life still cannot be improved. After analysis, it is because the plasma emitter is generally combined with the matrix by means of inlaying, brazing, extrusion or other methods. However, due to the different cooling coefficients of the materials between the two, when cooled after processing, a gap is generated between the smooth surface of the emitter and the inner wall of the matrix, resulting in a significant reduction in the cooling contact area between the two, and thus a short service life of the plasma emitter.

[0006] Therefore, the inventor of the utility model proposed a plasma emitter with a special-shaped structure. Compared with the general cylindrical plasma emitter in the prior art, this plasma emitter can have a larger cooling contact area with the matrix during use, thereby achieving the effect of improving the service life.

[0007] The utility model specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A plasma emitter with a special-shaped structure has a polygonal cross-sectional shape in the height direction perpendicular to the plasma emitter.

[0009] Specifically, the polygon is a triangle or a multi-pointed star shape with at least three sharp corners, such as a triangular star shape, a four-pointed star shape, a five-pointed star shape, a twelve-pointed star shape, etc.; and the triangle can be an equilateral triangle, an isosceles triangle, a right triangle or an irregular triangle, and the multi-pointed star shape can be a regular shape or an irregular shape.

[0010] Furthermore, the above-mentioned plasma emitter has the same dimensions in the height direction, or the bottom surface has a larger dimension than the top surface in the height direction.

[0011] The above-mentioned bottom surface refers to the end of the plasma emitter inserted into the substrate, while the top surface refers to the end of the plasma emitter away from the substrate and used to approach the object to be cut.

[0012] Furthermore, the plasma emitter is a plasma emitter made of pure zirconium or pure hafnium.

[0013] Based on the above-mentioned plasma emitter, the present invention also provides a plasma electrode head adapted to the above-mentioned plasma emitter.

[0014] A plasma electrode head includes a substrate made of copper or copper alloy, and the substrate has a receiving cavity for inserting a plasma emitter therein; wherein, the inner wall shape of the receiving cavity is adapted to the shape of the above-mentioned plasma emitter with a special-shaped structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the fit between the plasma emitter and the substrate is a transition fit.

[0016] Specifically, the transition fit means an interference fit or a partial clearance between the two.

[0017] Preferably, the plasma electrode head has at least two receiving cavities, and each receiving cavity is inserted with a plasma emitter.

[0018] Compared with the conventional plasma emitter with a smooth surface such as a cylindrical shape, by setting the side surface of the plasma emitter in contact with the substrate to be a triangular prism shape or a multi-pointed star shape, the above-mentioned plasma emitter provided by the present invention can ensure a larger surface area on the premise of equal volume (i.e., equal material consumption), thereby increasing the cooling contact area between the plasma emitter and the inner wall of the substrate, and thus overcoming to a certain extent the problem of insufficient cooling contact area caused by different cooling coefficients of the materials of the plasma emitter and the substrate, and improving to a certain extent the drawback of the relatively low service life of the current conventional plasma emitter with a smooth outer wall. And based on the plasma electrode head of the above-mentioned plasma emitter with a special-shaped structure, due to the longer service life of the plasma emitter, it can also avoid frequent replacement during application, show good cutting efficiency in actual cutting applications, and reduce the processing cost. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is a side cross-sectional view of the plasma electrode head according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the substrate in the plasma electrode head according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the plasma emitter according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the plasma emitter according to Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the plasma emitter according to Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the plasma emitter according to Embodiment 3 of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 is a side cross-sectional view of the plasma electrode head according to Embodiment 4 of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 is a top view of the plasma emitter according to Embodiment 4 of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 9 is a left view of the plasma electrode head according to Embodiment 5 of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 10 is a left view of the substrate in the plasma electrode head according to Embodiment 5 of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 11 is a left view of the plasma emitter according to Embodiment 6 of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 12 is a left view of the substrate in the plasma electrode head according to Embodiment 6 of the present utility model. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or use. It should be understood that corresponding reference numerals in all the drawings denote the same or corresponding components and features. It should also be understood that the various cross-hatching patterns used in the drawings are not intended to limit the specific materials or parts that can be used in the present disclosure, and the cross-hatching patterns are only used for clarity purposes to distinguish adjacent or mating components shown in the drawings.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this embodiment provides a plasma electrode head for a plasma cutting machine, which includes a substrate 1. The end of the substrate 1 has an outwardly opening receiving cavity 11, and a plasma emitter 2 is embedded in the receiving cavity 11.

[0034] Specifically, the substrate 1 also includes necessary components such as a housing, an insulator, a plasma gas pipe, a coolant supply pipe, a cathode, etc. for realizing plasma transmission, cutting, cooling, etc. These will not be elaborated and shown one by one here. Those skilled in the art can refer to the structures and components in any current existing plasma electrode head for provision.

[0035] In this embodiment, the plasma emitter 2 is in the shape of a triangular prism, as Figure 3 shown.

[0036] The plasma emitter 2 in this embodiment is made of pure hafnium as the material.

[0037] Thus, compared with the general cylindrical plasma emitter in the prior art, the triangular prism-shaped plasma emitter 2 has a larger surface area under the premise of equal pure hafnium usage. Therefore, the contact area between the plasma emitter 2 and the substrate 1 is increased. When this plasma electrode head is applied, the larger cooling contact area can extend the service life of the plasma emitter 2.

[0038] Correspondingly, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the receiving cavity 11 in the substrate 1 is also in the shape of a triangular prism to be adapted to the plasma emitter 2.

[0039] Specifically, the two are in an interference fit state, that is, all or part of the areas between the two are in an interference fit or there are gaps.

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] The same parts of this embodiment and Embodiment 1 will not be elaborated here, and only the differences from Embodiment 1 will be described. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the plasma emitter 2 has a triangular star-shaped cross-section in the direction perpendicular to its height, and has the same dimensions at the top (referring to the end far from the substrate) and the bottom (referring to the end inserted into the substrate); as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown.

[0042] Embodiment 3

[0043] The similarities between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 will not be elaborated here, and only the differences from Embodiment 1 will be described. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, the plasma emitter 2 has a multi-star-shaped cross-section in the direction perpendicular to its height, and has the same dimensions at the top end (referring to the end far from the substrate) and the bottom end (referring to the end inserted into the substrate); as Figure 6 shown.

[0044] Embodiment 4

[0045] As Figure 7 shown, this embodiment provides a plasma electrode head for a plasma cutting machine, which includes a substrate 1. The end of the substrate 1 has an outwardly opening receiving cavity 11, and a plasma emitter 2 is embedded in the receiving cavity 11.

[0046] Specifically, the substrate 1 also includes necessary components such as a housing, an insulator, a plasma gas pipe, a coolant supply pipe, a cathode, etc. for realizing plasma transmission, cutting, cooling, etc. These will not be elaborated and shown one by one here. Those skilled in the art can provide with reference to the structures and components in any current existing plasma electrode head.

[0047] In this embodiment, the plasma emitter 2 is in the shape of a truncated cone with a pentagram-shaped cross-section, that is, the cross-sectional shape of the plasma emitter 2 in the plane perpendicular to its height is pentagram-shaped, and its top end and bottom end have different dimensions; as Figure 8 shown.

[0048] Specifically, the pentagram shape of the bottom cross-section of the plasma emitter 2 is larger than that of the top cross-section of the pentagram shape. In this way, when it is fitted to the substrate 1, compared with a columnar shape with equal dimensions at the bottom and top, the contact area between it and the substrate 1 can be further increased, thereby improving the service life.

[0049] The plasma emitter 2 in this embodiment is made of pure zirconium as the material.

[0050] Correspondingly, the inner wall of the receiving cavity in the substrate 1 in this embodiment is also in the shape of a truncated cone with a pentagram-shaped cross-section, and its depth (i.e., corresponding to the bottom end of the plasma emitter 2) is larger than the opening (i.e., corresponding to the top end of the plasma emitter 2) in size to match the plasma emitter 2.

[0051] Specifically, a transition fit state exists between the two, that is, an interference fit or a clearance exists in all or part of the regions between the two.

[0052] Embodiment 5

[0053] Combined with Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, this embodiment provides a plasma electrode head for a plasma cutting machine, which includes a substrate 1. The end of the substrate 1 has four accommodation cavities 11 opening outward, and a plasma emitter 2 is embedded in each accommodation cavity 11.

[0054] Specifically, the substrate 1 also includes necessary components such as a housing, an insulator, a plasma gas pipe, a coolant supply pipe, a cathode, etc. for realizing plasma transmission, cutting, cooling and other operations, which will not be elaborated and shown one by one here. Those skilled in the art can refer to the structures and components in any current existing plasma electrode head.

[0055] In this embodiment, each plasma emitter 2 is the same as that in Embodiment 3, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the height, it has a multi-star-shaped cross-section, and has the same size at the top (referring to the end far from the substrate 1) and the bottom (referring to the end inserted into the substrate 1).

[0056] Specifically, there is a transition fit state between the two, that is, all or part of the area between the two is in an interference fit or there is a gap.

[0057] Embodiment 6

[0058] The similarities between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 will not be elaborated here, and only the differences from Embodiment 5 will be described. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is that the end of the substrate 1 has two accommodation cavities 11 opening outward, and a plasma emitter 2 is embedded in each accommodation cavity 11; refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 as shown.

[0059] Compared with inserting one plasma emitter, inserting more plasma emitters can provide a larger surface area, thereby increasing the cooling contact area with the substrate and improving the cutting efficiency.

[0060] When the cross-sectional shape of the plasma emitter provided by the present utility model is multi-star-shaped, it is obviously not limited to those shown in Embodiments 2 to 6 above. Obviously, multi-star-shaped with other numbers of sharp corners are also possible, such as four-star, six-star, eight-star, etc. And these multi-star-shaped are not limited to the regular shapes (that is, each sharp corner and the included angles formed between them are equal) shown in the above embodiments, and can also be irregular multi-star-shaped. The main idea is that the multi-star-shaped can obtain a larger surface area under the same volume.

[0061] Meanwhile, for the plasma electrode head provided by the present utility model, the number of plasma emitters inserted therein is not limited to those described in the above-mentioned Embodiments 5 and 6, and may also be, for example, 3, 5 or even more; and when multiple (at least 2) plasma emitters are inserted in the plasma electrode head, the size and / or shape of each plasma emitter may be the same or different.

[0062] For the number of plasma emitters inserted in the plasma electrode head and the cross-sectional shape of each plasma emitter, those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments according to the actual effect requirements or the degree that can be achieved by the process.

[0063] In the above-mentioned embodiments, for the plasma emitter with a cross-sectional shape of a multi-pointed star, it can be processed and formed by processes such as rolling and drawing. Obviously, for this plasma emitter, having more sharp corners in the cross-sectional shape will obtain a larger surface area under the same volume, but it will also correspondingly increase the processing difficulty, and the processing difficulty of the corresponding matrix will also increase. Therefore, when actually applied, those skilled in the art should simplify the cross-sectional shape as much as possible when meeting the product requirements.

[0064] The description of the present disclosure is essentially only exemplary, so deformations that do not deviate from the essence of the present disclosure are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure, and such deformations will not be considered to deviate from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A plasma emitter with a special-shaped structure, characterized in that: The plasma emitter has a polygonal cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the height of the plasma emitter; wherein the polygon is a triangle or a polygonal star with at least three sharp angles.

2. The plasma emitter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polygon is regular or irregular.

3. The plasma emitter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The plasma emitters have equal dimensions in the height direction, or the bottom dimension in the height direction is larger than the top dimension.

4. The plasma emitter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plasma emitter is made of pure zirconium or pure hafnium.

5. A plasma electrode head, comprising a substrate made of copper or copper alloy, wherein the substrate has an accommodating cavity opening outward; characterized in that: The plasma electrode head further comprises a plasma emitter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, and the shape of the inner wall of the accommodating cavity is adapted to the shape of the plasma emitter.

6. The plasma electrode head according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plasma emitter and the substrate are in transitional fit.

7. The plasma electrode head according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The number of the accommodating cavities is at least 2.

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