Large floating body seabed anchoring device for deep and far sea

Abstract

The utility model discloses a deep and far sea large floating body seabed anchoring device which comprises a base, a plurality of foundation piles and a plurality of casing pipes vertically connected to the base, the base is used for being immersed on a seabed, and the foundation piles correspond to the casing pipes one to one. The foundation piles penetrate through the casing pipes along the axes of the corresponding casing pipes and are inserted into the seabed, and the foundation piles are fixedly connected with the corresponding casing pipes so as to form an anchoring foundation used for anchoring the offshore floating type structure. The anchoring device has the effect of improving the offshore construction convenience, applicability and stability of the anchoring device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of floating mooring and anchoring construction, and particularly to a deep - sea large - floating - body seabed anchoring device. Background Art

[0002] As an offshore floating structure, a floating wind turbine needs to be restricted in position and movement through a mooring and anchoring system. As an offshore high - rise structure, the height of a floating wind turbine above the sea surface exceeds 100m, and the overall weight is close to 10,000 tons. A reliable mooring and anchoring system is required to ensure stability and safety during offshore operations.

[0003] In related technologies, the mooring of an offshore floating body needs to be connected to the seabed through an anchoring device. According to the form and mechanical characteristics of the anchoring device, it can be roughly divided into a drag - embedment anchor, a gravity anchor, a pile anchor, and a suction anchor. Among them, the drag - embedment anchor is the most widely used anchoring structure at present. It is partially or fully embedded in the seabed and mainly relies on the friction between the front structure of the anchor and the soil to resist external forces. It can withstand large horizontal forces, but its vertical force - bearing capacity is not strong. The gravity anchor mainly resists the horizontal tension of the anchor chain through the friction between the ballast and the seabed surface, and resists the vertical tension of the anchor chain through the ballast weight. With the increase in the requirement for the vertical tension level of the anchor chain, the designed gravity anchor requires a larger ballast volume, and the horizontal tension is usually difficult to be balanced solely by the friction between the ballast and the seabed. Its performance is closely related to the seabed, which limits its application range. Then, the pile anchor provides the horizontal tension and vertical tension of the anchor chain through the interaction between the pile foundation and the soil by driving a pile foundation into the seabed. To ensure that the pile foundation has sufficient structural strength, the diameter of the steel pipe pile reaches 4m and the weight exceeds 400 tons. This requires high performance of offshore lifting vessels, high difficulty in offshore engineering, deep penetration into the mud, high requirements for complex geological conditions, and high operation difficulty. In addition, the suction anchor is a hollow steel cylinder structure. By installing an artificial pump at the top of the steel cylinder, a pressure difference is created inside and outside the steel cylinder. When the pressure inside the steel cylinder is less than the pressure outside the steel cylinder, the steel cylinder is immediately sucked into the seabed, and then the pump is removed. It can withstand the horizontal tension and vertical tension of the mooring line, but the suction - anchor foundation is suitable for soft - clay geological conditions and is not applicable to this foundation form in deep - sea areas where bedrock is exposed and the soil layer is extremely thin. In view of the disadvantages of the four traditional anchoring methods, an anchoring foundation that is convenient for offshore construction, has strong applicability, and high stability is needed for offshore floating structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the convenience, applicability, and stability of the anchoring device during offshore construction, the present application provides a deep - sea large - floating - body seabed anchoring device.

[0005] The deep - sea large - floating - body seabed anchoring device provided by the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A deep - sea and far - sea large floating body seabed anchoring device, comprising a base, a plurality of foundation piles, and a plurality of sleeves vertically connected to the base. The base is used to be sunk to the seabed. The plurality of foundation piles correspond to the plurality of sleeves one by one. The foundation piles penetrate through the sleeves along the axis of the corresponding sleeves and are inserted above the seabed. The foundation piles are fixedly connected to the corresponding sleeves to form an anchoring foundation for anchoring an offshore floating structure.

[0007] By adopting the above - mentioned technical solution, using the base as the main structure of the mooring and anchoring system, and using a plurality of vertically arranged sleeves as the connecting members between the base and the foundation piles. By passing a plurality of foundation piles through the sleeves along the axis of the corresponding sleeves and inserting them above the seabed, the base is stabilized on the plurality of foundation piles through the sleeves, thus assembling a mooring and anchoring system with a composite group of piles, replacing large - diameter steel pipe piles. This not only improves the stability of the mooring and anchoring system but also can be applied to sea areas with soft clay geology, exposed bedrock, or thin soil layers, improving the applicability of the mooring and anchoring system. The anchoring system is divided into foundation piles and a base for assembly, and the mooring and anchoring foundation is constructed in a step - by - step assembly method, reducing the dependence on large ship cranes, simplifying the hoisting and transportation steps of the mooring and anchoring system, and being conducive to improving the convenience of offshore construction of the anchoring device.

[0008] Preferably, the base is provided with a rotatable traction mechanism. The rotatable traction mechanism is rotatably connected to the base and is used to connect to an offshore floating structure.

[0009] By adopting the above - mentioned technical solution, by rotatably connecting the rotatable traction mechanism to the base, the angle - adjusting function of the rotatable traction mechanism is realized, and the angle of the rotatable traction mechanism can be adaptively adjusted according to the position of the offshore floating structure, so as to connect to offshore floating structures at different positions.

[0010] Preferably, the rotatable traction mechanism includes a rotary bearing arranged on the base and a connecting steel member connected to the rotary bearing. The axis of the rotary bearing is horizontally arranged, and the connecting steel member is used to connect to an offshore floating structure.

[0011] By adopting the above - mentioned technical solution, using the rotary bearing to connect the connecting steel member and the base, the up - and - down swing of the connecting steel hook member is realized to stably adjust the connection position of the steel member, so as to connect to offshore floating structures at different positions.

[0012] Preferably, the base is a frame - type structure, and an anti - sinking plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the base.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, a frame structure is used as the base, which can reduce the material consumption on the basis of meeting the structural strength of the base itself, and is also convenient for the stable sinking of the base. Through the setting of the anti-settlement plate, it is beneficial to reduce the probability of the base sinking into the riverbed of soft clay geology, so as to maintain the stability of the base and facilitate the foundation pile to smoothly pass through the casing and insert into the riverbed.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of through holes are formed in the anti-settlement plate along its thickness direction.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a plurality of through holes are arranged in the anti-settlement plate. When the base is lowered into the sea, the water flow can pass through the through holes, reducing the buoyancy of the base so as to smoothly sink the base to the riverbed.

[0016] Preferably, a flared opening is provided at the top of the casing, and the opening at the end of the flared opening away from the casing widens towards the outer circumference of the casing.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the flared opening widens the opening at the top of the casing, facilitating the insertion of the foundation pile into the casing and being beneficial to improving the construction efficiency of the anchoring device.

[0018] Preferably, an annular space is formed between the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the base pile. A self-sealing packer is provided at the bottom of the casing, and the self-sealing packer is used to seal the bottom of the annular space, and a concrete structure is poured into the annular space.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom of the annular space formed between the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the foundation pile is sealed with a self-sealing packer, so as to facilitate the grouting connection between the inner wall of the casing and the foundation pile. The self-sealing packer realizes sealing by the interference and pressure difference between the outer diameter of the sealing element and the inner diameter of the casing. The setting of the self-sealing packer is beneficial to reducing the situation of mud outflow.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of guide plates are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the casing, and the length direction of the guide plates is consistent with the length direction of the casing.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, guide plates are added inside the casing to ensure that the space between the casing and the foundation pile is uniform after the foundation pile insertion step is completed, which is beneficial to improving the verticality of the foundation pile and the subsequent grouting connection construction of the annular space.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. By using the base as the main structure of the mooring and anchoring system, and adopting several vertically arranged sleeves as the connecting components between the base and the foundation piles, multiple foundation piles are penetrated through the sleeves along the axes of the corresponding sleeves and inserted above the seabed, thereby assembling a mooring and anchoring system with a group pile composite, replacing large-diameter steel pipe piles. This not only improves the stability of the mooring and anchoring system but also can be applied to sea areas with soft clay geology, exposed bedrock, or thin soil layers, improving the applicability of the mooring and anchoring system, reducing the dependence on large ship cranes, simplifying the hoisting and transfer steps of the mooring and anchoring system, and facilitating the offshore construction of the anchoring device;

[0024] 2. By rotatably connecting the rotatable traction mechanism to the base, the angle adjustment function of the rotatable traction mechanism is realized, and the angle of the rotatable traction mechanism can be adaptively adjusted according to the position of the offshore floating structure, so as to connect with offshore floating structures in different positions;

[0025] 3. By using a self-sealing packer to seal the bottom of the annular space formed between the inner wall of the sleeve and the outer wall of the foundation pile, it is convenient to perform grouting connection between the inner wall of the sleeve and the foundation pile, which is beneficial to reducing the outflow of mud. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a deep-sea and far-sea large floating body seabed anchoring device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 is a top view of a deep-sea and far-sea large floating body seabed anchoring device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in

[0029] Figure 4 is a front view of a deep-sea and far-sea large floating body seabed anchoring device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Description of the Reference Numerals: 1, base; 2, sleeve; 3, foundation pile; 4, bell mouth; 5, self-sealing packer; 6, anti-settlement plate; 61, through hole; 7, lifting lug; 8, rotatable traction mechanism; 9, guide plate; 10, annular space; 11, sacrificial anode protection device. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] The following further describes the present application in detail in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-4 drawings.

[0032] An embodiment of the present application discloses a deep-sea and far-sea large floating body seabed anchoring device. Refer to Figure 1, including a base 1, a number of foundation piles 3, and a number of sleeves 2 vertically connected to the base 1. The number of foundation piles 3 corresponds to the number of sleeves 2 one by one. The foundation piles 3 penetrate through the sleeves 2 along the axes of the corresponding sleeves 2 and are inserted into the seabed, and the foundation piles 3 are fixedly connected to the corresponding sleeves 2. Thus, a stable seabed anchoring device is formed.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in this embodiment, the base 1 is a frame-type member formed by welding multiple steel pipes. Sacrificial anode protection devices 11 are provided on the steel pipes of the base 1 as an anti-corrosion protection measure (as Figure 4 shown). Lifting connectors are fixed around the base 1. In this embodiment, the lifting connectors are lifting lugs 7, and the lifting lugs 7 are used to connect with the hooks of a crane ship so as to sink the base 1 to the seabed by means of lifting. Taking the base 1 as the main structure of the mooring and anchoring device can reduce the material consumption on the basis of meeting the structural strength of the base 1 itself. A sinking prevention plate 6 is horizontally fixed at the bottom of the base 1. A number of through holes 61 along the thickness direction of the sinking prevention plate 6 are evenly distributed, which is convenient for the stable sinking of the base 1 and is beneficial to reducing the probability of the base 1 sinking into the soft clay geological riverbed, so as to maintain the stability of the base 1 and facilitate the foundation piles 3 to smoothly pass through the sleeves 2 and be inserted into the riverbed.

[0034] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in this embodiment, the number of sleeves 2 is 4, and they are respectively arranged at the four corners of the base 1. Among them, a flared mouth 4 is fixed at the top of the sleeve 2, and the end of the flared mouth 4 away from the sleeve 2 opens wider towards the outer periphery of the sleeve 2. So as to facilitate the insertion of the foundation piles 3 into the sleeves 2. A self-sealing packer 5 is installed at the bottom of the sleeve 2, and the self-sealing packer 5 realizes sealing by the interference fit and pressure difference between the outer diameter of the sealing element and the inner diameter of the sleeve 2.

[0035] Referring to Figures 1 to 3 , when the foundation piles 3 are inserted into the sleeves 2, an annular space 10 is formed between the inner wall of the sleeve 2 and the outer wall of the foundation piles 3. The self-sealing packer 5 seals the bottom of the annular space 10, so as to facilitate the connection of the sleeve 2 and the foundation piles 3 by grouting, so that the sleeve 2, the foundation piles 3 and the base 1 form a stable group pile composite mooring and anchoring device.

[0036] Considering the uncertainties of each floating body structure, sea area geology, and ocean hydrology, the foundation piles 3 are open-ended steel pipe piles with variable wall thicknesses having a diameter φ in the range of 1.2 m to 2.0 m, with wall thicknesses of 30 mm to 50 mm respectively, and the pile length is about 15 m to 20 m. The top of the foundation piles 3 is 1 m higher than the sleeves 2 of the overall base 1, and the depth of the pile body into the mud is 10 m to 15 m (depending on the seabed type). The foundation piles 3 are fabricated on land and constructed at sea using a crane ship and a hydraulic hammer for underwater pile driving construction.

[0037] In this embodiment, a number of guide plates 9 are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the casing 2. The length direction of the guide plates 9 is consistent with the length direction of the casing 2, so as to ensure that when the foundation pile 3 is inserted into the casing 2, the space between the casing 2 and the foundation pile 3 is uniform, which is beneficial to improving the verticality of the foundation pile 3 and the subsequent grouting connection construction of the annular space 10.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the base 1 has a rotatable traction mechanism 8. The rotatable traction mechanism 8 includes a rotary bearing installed at the middle position of the bottom of the base 1 and a connecting steel member connected to the rotary bearing. The rotation axis of the rotary bearing is horizontally arranged. The connecting steel member is used to connect with the anchor cable of the offshore floating structure. Specifically, the connecting steel member is a steel pipe sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary bearing and a locking ring installed on the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe. The locking ring is connected to the anchor cable so that the anchoring device can be moored and connected in different directions. Multiple rotatable traction mechanisms can be added to facilitate the connection of multiple mooring points.

[0039] The implementation principle of a deep - sea large floating body seabed anchoring device in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0040] S1: Construction preparation: The base 1 and the foundation pile 3 are prefabricated on land. Then the crane ship first enters the construction sea area and anchors for positioning, and is towed to the vicinity of the anchoring device installation position by a tugboat with the help of the GPS navigation and positioning system, and anchors for station - keeping. Then the base 1 and multiple foundation piles 3 are transported to the construction sea area by a transport ship, and the transport ship approaches the crane ship.

[0041] S2: Hoisting of the base 1: The crane ship moves its position by warping the anchor, so that the main hook reaches above the base 1. Subsequently, the main hook descends to the lifting lug 7 at the top of the base 1 and hooks it. Then the base 1 on the transport ship is lifted. After the whole base 1 is lifted to an appropriate height, the transport ship moves horizontally out of the placement position; according to the indication of the positioning system, the deck personnel of the crane ship control the ship position, adjust the crane ship to the installation position, and start to lower the base 1. During the lowering process, the position and orientation are observed in real time. After the whole base 1 is confirmed to reach the standard position, it is finally lowered to the riverbed surface of the construction sea area.

[0042] S3: Hoisting of the foundation pile 3: After the hoisting of the whole base 1 is completed, the ship position is readjusted. The hook of the crane ship is horizontally moved to the foundation pile 3 at the transport ship. The foundation pile 3 on the transport ship is lifted and gradually turned to the vertical state.

[0043] S4: Insertion of the foundation pile 3: The crane barge adjusts its position and finally moves the foundation pile 3 above the integral base 1. Then, the bottom of the foundation pile 3 is first inserted to the top of the casing 2. After the pipe pile sinks and touches the mud surface, it first sinks under its own weight. The lower end of the foundation pile 3 penetrates through the corresponding casing 2 under its own gravity and is inserted into the riverbed. After the self-sinking of the foundation pile 3 during insertion is completed, repeat the above actions to erect the second foundation pile 3 and insert it to the diagonal position of the first foundation pile 3 until all four foundation piles 3 are inserted.

[0044] S5: Driving of the foundation pile 3: Hammer the tops of several foundation piles 3 in sequence to make several foundation piles 3 firmly fixed in the riverbed. A hydraulic pile hammer is selected for driving the steel pipe piles.

[0045] After the driving is completed, there is an annular space 10 between the casing 2 of the integral base 1 and the steel pile. Then, a main grouting pipe and a spare grouting pipe are arranged on the casing 2, and grout is injected into the annular space 10 through the grouting pipe to perform grouting connection on the foundation pile 3 and the casing 2, so that the foundation pile 3, the base 1, and the casing 2 form a group pile composite mooring and anchoring system.

[0046] S6: Connect the rotatable traction mechanism 8 with the offshore floating structure.

[0047] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A deep sea large floating body seabed anchoring device, characterized by: The invention comprises a base (1), a plurality of foundation piles (3), and a plurality of casings (2) vertically connected to the base (1); the base (1) is provided with a lifting connection piece; the base (1) is used to be sunk to the seabed; the plurality of foundation piles (3) correspond to the plurality of casings (2) one by one; the foundation piles (3) penetrate the casings (2) along the axis of the corresponding casings (2) and are inserted into the seabed; the foundation piles (3) are fixedly connected to the corresponding casings (2) to form an anchoring foundation for anchoring an offshore floating structure; the base (1) is provided with a rotatable traction mechanism (8); the rotatable traction mechanism (8) is rotatably connected to the base (1); the rotatable traction mechanism (8) is used to be connected to the offshore floating structure.

2. The deep sea large floating body seabed anchoring device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The rotatable traction mechanism (8) comprises a rotary bearing arranged on the base (1) and a connecting steel component connected to the rotary bearing, wherein the axis of the rotary bearing is arranged horizontally, and the connecting steel component is used for connecting to an offshore floating structure.

3. The deep sea large floating body seabed anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is a frame-type structure, and an anti-sinking plate (6) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the base (1).

4. The deep sea large floating body seabed anchoring device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The anti-sinking plate (6) is provided with a plurality of through holes (61) along its thickness direction.

5. The deep sea large floating body seabed anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bell mouth (4) is provided at the top of the sleeve (2), and the bell mouth (4) is opened at one end away from the sleeve (2) and widens toward the outer periphery of the sleeve (2).

6. The deep sea large floating body seabed anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular space (10) is formed between the inner wall of the casing (2) and the outer wall of the foundation pile (3); a self-sealing packer (5) is arranged at the bottom of the casing (2); the self-sealing packer (5) is used to seal the bottom of the annular space (10); and grouting is arranged in the annular space (10).

7. The deep sea large floating body seabed anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of guide plates (9) are distributed around the inner wall of the sleeve (2), and the length direction of the guide plates (9) is consistent with the length direction of the sleeve (2).

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