Machining and positioning device for breaking hammer cylinder body

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of quartering hammer part machining, and discloses a quartering hammer cylinder body machining positioning device which comprises a base, a bottom clamping plate and side clamping plates, the side clamping plates are arranged on the two sides of the bottom clamping plate, side hydraulic cylinders are arranged on the two sides of the bottom clamping plate, a cavity is formed in the base, a linkage cylinder is arranged in the middle of the cavity, and the linkage cylinder is provided with a telescopic piston. A plurality of control hydraulic cylinders are arranged in the linkage cylinder, the linkage cylinder is filled with compressed nitrogen, the control hydraulic cylinders control the side hydraulic cylinders, oil is symmetrically supplied through the two side hydraulic cylinders, high-precision positioning and stability are ensured, the bottom clamping plate is driven to press downwards through the dead weight of a workpiece, a piston is in linkage with the control hydraulic cylinders, automatic clamping is achieved, and manual operation is not needed; clamping and resetting actions of the device do not need an external power device, external energy consumption is reduced, nitrogen pressure can be adjusted according to the weight of a workpiece, and the device adapts to cylinder bodies of different specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of processing of breaker components, in particular to a positioning device for processing a breaker cylinder block. Background Art

[0002] As a core component of construction machinery, the processing precision of a breaker cylinder block directly affects the working performance and service life of the breaker. In traditional processing, a mechanical fixture is often used in cooperation with the T-slot bolts of the machine tool for positioning. During operation, manual adjustment of the clamping position is required. For large cylinder blocks weighing more than 200 kg, workers need to repeatedly adjust the clamping force, resulting in low efficiency and potential safety hazards.

[0003] The mechanical clamping device lacks a synchronous drive structure. Independent adjustment of the clamping mechanisms on both sides is prone to deviation, making it difficult to meet the requirements of precision machining.

[0004] Conventional hydraulic positioning devices need to be continuously connected to an external hydraulic station. During the processing, the hydraulic pump needs to keep running, resulting in a certain amount of external energy consumption, and the fluctuation of the clamping force is easily caused by the increase in oil temperature. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the existing positioning and clamping devices for cylinder block processing have limited precision and low automation degree, and some devices with high automation degree require additional energy consumption. A positioning device for processing a breaker cylinder block is provided.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution provided by the utility model is: a positioning device for processing a breaker cylinder block, including a base, a bottom clamping plate and side clamping plates. The base is installed on the working table of the processing machine tool. The bottom clamping plate is arranged above the base, and side clamping plates are arranged on both sides of the bottom clamping plate. The bottom clamping plate can displace in the vertical direction, and the side clamping plates can displace in the horizontal direction.

[0007] Side hydraulic cylinders are arranged on both sides of the bottom clamping plate. The free ends of the side hydraulic cylinders control the displacement of the side clamping plates. A cavity is arranged inside the base. A linkage cylinder is arranged in the middle of the cavity. The linkage cylinder is provided with a telescopic piston. The vertical displacement of the bottom clamping plate controls the telescopic of the piston. A plurality of control hydraulic cylinders are arranged inside the linkage cylinder. The retraction of the piston drives the compression of the oil cavities of the control hydraulic cylinders. The oil cavities of the control hydraulic cylinders are communicated with the side hydraulic cylinders.

[0008] Further, a front cylinder head is arranged on one side of the linkage cylinder, and a rear cylinder head is arranged on the other side.

[0009] Furthermore, the control hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the rear cylinder head, and the end of the control hydraulic cylinder extends to the middle part of the linkage cylinder. The control hydraulic cylinder is provided with a telescopic hydraulic plunger. A connecting plate is arranged at the end of the piston. The outer end of the hydraulic plunger is fixedly connected with the connecting plate. An airtight seal is applied between the connecting plate and the inner wall of the linkage cylinder. The inner cavity of the linkage cylinder is divided into two parts by the connecting plate. One part of the cavity containing the control hydraulic cylinder is filled with compressed nitrogen, and the other part maintains normal pressure.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of hydraulic oil channels are arranged in the rear cylinder head. The hydraulic oil channels are communicated with the inner end of the control hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic oil channels are communicated with the side hydraulic cylinders through hydraulic hoses.

[0011] Furthermore, a mounting bracket is arranged at the outer end of the piston. A balance rod is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket. The two ends of the balance rod are respectively hinged to the two sides of the bottom of the bottom clamping plate.

[0012] Furthermore, lifting scissors are arranged on both sides of the cavity. One of the scissor arms at the end of the lifting scissors on both sides is hinged to the bottom surface of the bottom clamping plate, and the other scissor arm is slidably connected to the bottom surface of the bottom clamping plate through a linear guide rail.

[0013] Furthermore, side brackets are arranged on both sides of the bottom clamping plate. The side hydraulic cylinders are arranged in the middle of the side brackets. Clamping scissors are arranged on both sides of the side brackets. One of the scissor arms at the end of the clamping scissors on both sides is hinged to the back surface of the side clamping plate, and the other scissor arm is slidably connected to the back surface of the side clamping plate through a linear guide rail.

[0014] Furthermore, a resisting plate is arranged at one end of the bottom clamping plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model compared with the prior art:

[0016] The scissor mechanism, the balance rod and the two side hydraulic cylinders supply oil symmetrically, realizing the synchronous clamping of the side clamping plates, ensuring that the central axis of the cylinder block is strictly aligned with the main shaft of the machine tool, and ensuring high-precision positioning and stability.

[0017] The bottom clamping plate is pressed down by the weight of the workpiece, and the control hydraulic cylinder is linked through the piston, converting small displacement into the long stroke of the side hydraulic cylinder, realizing "clamping upon placement" without manual intervention.

[0018] The linkage cylinder is filled with compressed nitrogen, which stores energy when compressed and automatically pushes the piston to reset after processing. The clamping and resetting actions of the device do not require an external power device, reducing external energy consumption.

[0019] The nitrogen pressure can be adjusted according to the weight of the workpiece through the nitrogen interface, adapting to cylinder blocks of different specifications, and can also avoid the problem of mechanical spring fatigue failure, improving the service life. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning device for processing the cylinder block of a breaker.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram when the positioning device for processing the cylinder block of a breaker clamps the workpiece.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram inside the cavity of the positioning device for processing the cylinder block of a breaker.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom of the bottom clamping plate of the positioning device for processing the cylinder block of a breaker.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the balance rod of the positioning device for processing the cylinder block of a breaker.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the linkage cylinder of the positioning device for processing the cylinder block of a breaker.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic internal structural diagram of the linkage cylinder of the positioning device for processing the cylinder block of a breaker.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic oil channel of the positioning device for processing the cylinder block of a breaker.

[0028] As shown in the figure: 1. Base, 2. Bottom clamping plate, 3. Counter plate, 4. Side clamping plate, 5. Side bracket, 6. Side hydraulic cylinder, 7. Clamping scissors, 8. Guide post, 9. Cavity, 10. Lifting scissors, 11. Linkage cylinder, 12. Mounting bracket, 13. Balance rod, 14. Rear cylinder head, 15. Front cylinder head, 16. Piston, 17. Nitrogen interface, 18. Control hydraulic cylinder, 19. Hydraulic plunger, 20. Hydraulic oil channel, 21. Connecting plate. Specific implementation mode

[0029] The following further elaborates on the present utility model in conjunction with the attached drawings.

[0030] Combined with the attached Figure 1 , a positioning device for processing the cylinder block of a breaker, which includes a base 1, a bottom clamping plate 2 and a side clamping plate 4. Among them, the base 1 is installed on the working table of the processing machine tool, the bottom clamping plate 2 is arranged above the base 1, side clamping plates 4 are arranged on both sides of the bottom clamping plate 2, a counter plate 3 is provided at one end of the bottom clamping plate 2, the bottom clamping plate 2 can displace in the vertical direction, and the side clamping plate 4 can displace in the horizontal direction.

[0031] Combined with the attached Figure 1 , attached Figure 2 , attached Figure 3 and attached Figure 6, on both sides of the bottom clamping plate 2, there are side hydraulic cylinders 6, and vertical guide columns 8 are arranged around. The free end of the side hydraulic cylinder 6 controls the displacement of the side clamping plate 4. Inside the base 1, there is a cavity 9. In the middle of the cavity 9, there is a linkage cylinder 11. The linkage cylinder 11 is provided with a telescopic piston 16. The vertical displacement of the bottom clamping plate 2 controls the telescopic movement of the piston 16. Inside the linkage cylinder 11, there are multiple control hydraulic cylinders 18. The inside of the linkage cylinder 11 is filled with compressed nitrogen, and the control hydraulic cylinders 18 control the operation of the side hydraulic cylinders 6.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Combined with attached Figure 2 , attached Figure 3 , attached Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 , on both sides of the cavity 9, there are lifting scissor mechanisms 10. One of the scissor arms at the ends of the lifting scissor mechanisms 10 on both sides is hinged to the bottom surface of the bottom clamping plate 2, and the other scissor arm is slidably connected to the bottom surface of the bottom clamping plate 2 through a linear guide rail. On the outer end of the piston 16, there is an installation frame 12. A balance rod 13 is rotatably installed on the installation frame 12. The two side ends of the balance rod 13 are respectively hinged to the two sides at the bottom of the bottom clamping plate 2. On both sides of the bottom clamping plate 2, there are side brackets 5. The side hydraulic cylinders 6 are arranged in the middle of the side brackets 5. On both sides of the side brackets 5, there are clamping scissor mechanisms 7. One of the scissor arms at the ends of the clamping scissor mechanisms 7 on both sides is hinged to the back surface of the side clamping plate 4, and the other scissor arm is slidably connected to the back surface of the side clamping plate 4 through a linear guide rail.

[0034] Since the outside of the breaker cylinder body is a rectangular cube, when machining the cylinder body, it is necessary to ensure that the central axis of the cylinder body to be machined is parallel to the main axis of the machining machine tool. Therefore, when the side brackets 5 clamp the side of the cylinder body, they need to have the ability of parallel movement. At the same time, during the lifting process of the bottom clamping plate 2, it also needs to always remain horizontal.

[0035] The clamping scissor mechanisms 7 on both sides of the side brackets 5 ensure that the side clamping plate 4 remains parallel during movement. The lifting scissor mechanisms 10 on both sides of the cavity 9 can ensure that the front and back of the bottom clamping plate 2 remain horizontal during lifting. The balance rod 13 can ensure that the left and right of the bottom clamping plate 2 remain horizontal during lifting through its own torsional stiffness.

[0036] Embodiment 2

[0037] Combined with attached Figure 6 , attached Figure 7 and attached Figure 8, on one side of the linkage cylinder 11, there is a front cylinder head 15, and on the other side, there is a rear cylinder head 14. The control hydraulic cylinder 18 is arranged on the rear cylinder head 14, and the end of the control hydraulic cylinder 18 extends to the middle part inside the linkage cylinder 11. The control hydraulic cylinder 18 is provided with a telescopic hydraulic plunger 19. The end of the piston 16 is provided with a connecting plate 21. The outer end of the hydraulic plunger 19 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 21. An airtight seal is applied between the connecting plate 21 and the inner wall of the linkage cylinder 11. The top of the linkage cylinder 11 is provided with a nitrogen interface 17. The inner cavity of the linkage cylinder 11 is divided into two parts by the connecting plate 21. One part of the cavity containing the control hydraulic cylinder 18 is filled with compressed nitrogen, and the other part remains at normal pressure.

[0038] Combined with the attached Figure 8 , a plurality of hydraulic oil channels 20 are arranged inside the rear cylinder head 14. The hydraulic oil channels 20 are communicated with the inner end of the control hydraulic cylinder 18. The hydraulic oil channels 20 are connected with the side hydraulic cylinders 6 through hydraulic hoses.

[0039] Since the outside of the breaker cylinder body is a rectangular cube, when milling or other forms of processing are carried out on it, it is usually placed flat on the workbench of a horizontal machine tool for processing. The outer diameter formed between the two side surfaces of the cylinder body workpiece is relatively small. When positioning and clamping the two sides of it, the side clamping plate 4 needs to have a long movement stroke. Therefore, the side hydraulic cylinder 6 needs to have a long stroke. And the linkage cylinder 11 that supplies hydraulic oil to the side hydraulic cylinder 6 needs to be installed in the cavity 9, and its stroke is relatively limited. The flow rate of the hydraulic oil that can be pressed out when the piston 16 moves a unit distance is small and is not enough to meet the long-stroke requirement of the side hydraulic cylinder 6. Therefore, a plurality of control hydraulic cylinders 18 need to be arranged in the linkage cylinder 11 to press hydraulic oil into the side hydraulic cylinder 6 at the same time.

[0040] At the same time, since the device needs to keep the axis of the workpiece parallel to the spindle of the machine tool when positioning and clamping the cylinder body to be processed, the clamping force and displacement stroke of the side hydraulic cylinders 6 on both sides of the device need to be the same when clamping. Therefore, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil supplied by the linkage cylinder 11 to the side hydraulic cylinders 6 on both sides needs to be the same.

[0041] The inner diameter size of the control hydraulic cylinder 18 is the same as that of the side hydraulic cylinder 6. The number of the control hydraulic cylinders 18 is set to be twice that of the side hydraulic cylinders 6 according to the number of the side hydraulic cylinders 6. After adopting this specific implementation method, whenever the piston 16 moves a unit distance, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil pressed out by the control hydraulic cylinder 18 is twice that of the hydraulic oil required for the side hydraulic cylinder 6 to move a unit distance. Therefore, it can make the hydraulic plunger 19 of the control hydraulic cylinder 18 move in a small range to drive the side hydraulic cylinder 6 to move in a large range. Specifically, when the cylinder body to be processed is placed on the bottom clamping plate 2, the self-weight of the cylinder body presses down the bottom clamping plate 2. The bottom clamping plate 2 drives the piston 16 to contract inward through the balance rod 13, pushes the hydraulic plunger 19 to press out the hydraulic oil to the side hydraulic cylinder 6, and the side hydraulic cylinder 6 pushes the side clamping plate 4 to move inward horizontally to clamp the two side surfaces of the cylinder body to be processed.

[0042] Meanwhile, in the specific implementation of the hydraulic oil passage 20, the shape of the passage needs to be designed according to the number and arrangement mode of the control hydraulic cylinders 18 to ensure that each side hydraulic cylinder 6 can be connected to the same number of control hydraulic cylinders 18, so as to ensure that the side hydraulic cylinders 6 on both sides obtain hydraulic oil with equal flow rates.

[0043] The connecting plate 21 and the linkage cylinder 11 form an airtight cavity, and a pneumatic spring is formed by the compressed nitrogen inside. Whenever the cylinder block to be processed is placed on the bottom clamping plate 2 and it descends, since the cylinder block is made of high-strength alloy material throughout and has a large weight, in addition to driving the hydraulic plunger 19 to press out hydraulic oil, the piston 16 also compresses the nitrogen in the linkage cylinder 11 at the same time. When the side clamping plate 4 is completely pressed against and fitted with the side wall of the cylinder block to be processed, the side hydraulic cylinder 6 cannot move continuously, the hydraulic oil driving its work cannot flow continuously, and since the hydraulic oil cannot be compressed, the hydraulic plunger 19 cannot move continuously in this state either, thus resisting the piston 16 to prevent it from retracting further and forming a support for the bottom clamping plate 2. When the cylinder block to be processed is transported away after the cylinder block processing is completed, the compressed nitrogen then pushes the piston 16 to reset.

[0044] The above describes the present invention and its implementation manners. Such description is not restrictive, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementation manners of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Generally speaking, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design similar structural manners and embodiments to this technical solution without creative efforts without departing from the creative purpose of the present invention, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning device for processing a breaker cylinder block, comprising a base (1), a bottom clamping plate (2) and side clamping plates (4), wherein the base (1) is installed on the working table of a processing machine tool, the bottom clamping plate (2) is arranged above the base (1), the side clamping plates (4) are arranged on both sides of the bottom clamping plate (2), the bottom clamping plate (2) can be displaced in the vertical direction, and the side clamping plates (4) can be displaced in the horizontal direction, and it is characterized in that: Side hydraulic cylinders (6) are arranged on both sides of the bottom clamping plate (2), and the free ends of the side hydraulic cylinders (6) control the displacement of the side clamping plates (4). A cavity (9) is arranged inside the base (1), a linkage cylinder (11) is arranged in the middle of the cavity (9), the linkage cylinder (11) is provided with a telescopic piston (16), and the vertical displacement of the bottom clamping plate (2) controls the telescopic movement of the piston (16). A plurality of control hydraulic cylinders (18) are arranged inside the linkage cylinder (11). When the piston (16) retracts, the oil cavities of the control hydraulic cylinders (18) are compressed, and the oil cavities of the control hydraulic cylinders (18) are communicated with the side hydraulic cylinders (6).

2. The positioning device for processing a breaker cylinder block according to claim 1, wherein: A front cylinder head (15) is arranged on one side of the linkage cylinder (11), and a rear cylinder head (14) is arranged on the other side.

3. The positioning device for processing the breaker cylinder block according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control hydraulic cylinders (18) are arranged on the rear cylinder head (14), the ends of the control hydraulic cylinders (18) extend to the middle inside the linkage cylinder (11), the control hydraulic cylinders (18) are provided with telescopic hydraulic plungers (19), a connecting plate (21) is arranged at the end of the piston (16), the outer end of the hydraulic plunger (19) is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (21), an airtight seal is applied between the connecting plate (21) and the inner wall of the linkage cylinder (11), and the inner cavity of the linkage cylinder (11) is divided into two parts by the connecting plate (21). One part of the cavity containing the control hydraulic cylinders (18) is filled with compressed nitrogen, and the other part maintains normal pressure.

4. The positioning device for processing the breaker cylinder block according to claim 3, wherein: A plurality of hydraulic oil channels (20) are arranged inside the rear cylinder head (14), the hydraulic oil channels (20) are communicated with the inner ends of the control hydraulic cylinders (18), and the hydraulic oil channels (20) are communicated with the side hydraulic cylinders (6) through hydraulic hoses.

5. The positioning device for processing the breaker cylinder block according to claim 1, characterized in that: An installation frame (12) is arranged at the outer end of the piston (16), a balance rod (13) is rotatably installed on the installation frame (12), and both ends of the balance rod (13) are respectively hinged to both sides of the bottom of the bottom clamping plate (2).

6. The positioning device for processing a breaker cylinder block according to claim 1, wherein: Lifting scissors (10) are arranged on both sides of the cavity (9), and one of the scissor arms at both ends of the lifting scissors (10) is hinged to the bottom surface of the bottom clamping plate (2), and the other scissor arm is slidably connected to the bottom surface of the bottom clamping plate (2) through a linear guide rail.

7. The positioning device for processing a breaker cylinder block according to claim 1, characterized in that: Side brackets (5) are arranged on both sides of the bottom clamping plate (2), the side hydraulic cylinders (6) are arranged in the middle of the side brackets (5), clamping scissors (7) are arranged on both sides of the side brackets (5), and one of the scissor arms at both ends of the clamping scissors (7) is hinged to the back surface of the side clamping plate (4), and the other scissor arm is slidably connected to the back surface of the side clamping plate (4) through a linear guide rail.

8. The positioning device for processing the breaker cylinder block according to claim 1, characterized in that: An abutting plate (3) is arranged at one end of the bottom clamping plate (2).

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