Graphite combined anode plate for process for producing metal copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese through electrodeposition
By combining small-sized graphite block units to form a matrix-arranged graphite combined anode plate, the problems of high cost and fragility of traditional anode plates are solved, lower cost and higher strength anode plates are achieved, and the industrial application of graphite anode plates is promoted.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422218540.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-10
AI Technical Summary
In traditional electroplastic processes, the anode plate has high prices, large investment, high operating costs, and affects the chemical index or purity of metal products. Lead removal process is required. Titanium-coated ruthenium or iridium anode plate consumes scarce resources and has a short lifespan. Graphite anode plates are fragile and cracked and difficult to industrialize.
A graphite combined anode plate is designed to form a matrix-arranged anode plate body by combining several small-sized graphite block units, and connecting it through a connecting piece, and adding conductive beams to increase strength.
It reduces the production and use cost of anode plates, improves the strength and durability of graphite anode plates, solves the problem of fragility and cracking in traditional anode plates, and paves the way for the industrial application of graphite anode plates.
Smart Images
Figure CN223047617U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the design and manufacturing technology of graphite anode plates in the process of electrowinning metal copper, nickel, cobalt, and manganese. Background Art
[0002] The electrowinning (also known as electrodeposition) process is a commonly used technology in hydrometallurgical electrolytic refining for producing metal copper, nickel, cobalt, and manganese. In the electrowinning process, there are cathode plates and anode plates in the electrolytic cell, and there is an electrolyte in the electrolytic cell. Under the action of direct current, the anode plate undergoes an oxidation reaction, and the cathode plate undergoes a reduction reaction. This process is divided into a sulfuric acid system and a chloride system according to the different electrolytes.
[0003] Currently, in the production of metal copper, nickel, cobalt, and manganese by traditional electrowinning methods, the anode plates are processed from metal plates or metal meshes, and the shapes are rectangular or square. The specific traditional anode plates include: lead alloys, titanium coated with ruthenium or iridium, titanium coated with lead dioxide, etc.
[0004] The lead alloy anode plate is made of lead alloy by adding a small amount of metals such as tin, calcium, silver, and strontium into metallic lead, and then mechanically processed into a lead alloy plate. The thickness of the plate is generally 3 - 10 mm, and the outer shape of the plate is rectangular or square, with dimensions: length (L) × width (B) = 500 mm × 600 mm - 800 mm × 1200 mm. A conductive rod is connected to the lead alloy plate to make the so-called lead alloy anode plate. The lead alloy anode plate can only be used in the electrowinning process of the sulfuric acid system.
[0005] The titanium coated with ruthenium or iridium anode plate is currently mainly used in the electrolytic production of the chloride system. The thickness of the plate is generally 3 - 10 mm, and the outer shape of the plate is rectangular or square, with dimensions: length (L) × width (B) = 500 mm × 600 mm - 800 mm × 1200 mm. By coating a certain amount of ruthenium or iridium on the titanium plate surface, and then connecting a conductive rod to the titanium coated with ruthenium or iridium plate, the so-called titanium coated with ruthenium or iridium anode plate is made. The titanium coated with ruthenium or iridium anode plate is mostly used in the electrowinning process of the chloride system and is expensive.
[0006] The titanium coated with lead dioxide anode is obtained by electroplating lead dioxide on a titanium mesh. The thickness of the plate is generally 3 - 10 mm, and the outer shape of the plate is rectangular or square, with dimensions: length (L) × width (B) = 500 mm × 600 mm - 800 mm × 1200 mm. Then a conductive rod is connected to the titanium coated with lead dioxide plate to make the so-called titanium coated with lead dioxide anode plate. The titanium coated with lead dioxide anode plate can only be used in the electrowinning process of the sulfuric acid system.
[0007] The currently commonly used lead alloy, titanium coated with ruthenium or iridium, and titanium coated with lead dioxide anode plates in the electrowinning process have the following disadvantages:
[0008] 1. High price leads to large investment and high operating costs: In the metal electrowinning process, a large number of anode plates are used. Taking the production of 10,000 tons / year of metal products as an example, the number of anode plates used is between 5,000 and 7,000. Taking the anode plate with length × width = 1,200 × 760 as an example, the price of lead alloy or titanium coated with lead dioxide anode plates is not less than 3,000 yuan per piece. The investment in anode plates alone is not less than 18 million yuan. The price of titanium coated with ruthenium or iridium anode plates is even more expensive.
[0009] 2. Lead alloy or titanium coated with lead dioxide anode plates will affect the chemical indicators or purity of metal products. To prevent the lead content in the products from exceeding the standard, the process must be equipped with a lead removal process. Currently, generally, barium carbonate or strontium carbonate lead removal processes are used.
[0010] 3. Titanium coated with ruthenium or iridium anode plates consume scarce ruthenium and iridium resources, with limited development, high prices, and a service life of only about three years.
[0011] As is well known, graphite has good processing performance, good electrical conductivity, and good resistance to acid and alkali corrosion, and is an ideal anode material for the metal electrowinning process. However, if graphite anode plates are directly made according to the traditional anode plate size: length (L) × width (B) = 500 mm × 600 mm - 800 mm × 1,200 mm, such sized graphite anode plates are fragile, easy to crack and break during transportation, installation and use, which is one of the main reasons why graphite anode plates are rarely used in actual production at present. Summary of the Utility Model
[0012] The purpose of the present utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of traditional anode plates, solve the problems existing in actual production of traditional anode plates, and further reduce investment and production costs, and provide a new type of graphite composite anode plate that can be used in the metal electrowinning process of sulfuric acid system and chloride system.
[0013] The purpose of the present utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0014] A graphite composite anode plate for the electrowinning production of metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt, and manganese, comprising an anode plate body and an anode plate conductive beam. The anode plate body is composed of N graphite block units combined together, and N ≥ 2.
[0015] Further, the anode plate body is composed of N graphite block units combined on the same plane.
[0016] Further, the anode plate body is composed of N graphite block units arranged in a matrix on the same plane.
[0017] Further, N = 20 - 1000, or N = 100 - 500.
[0018] Further, the main geometric shape of the graphite block unit includes, but is not limited to, a cuboid, a cube, a cylinder, a sphere, and an ellipsoid. Moreover, the width of each graphite block unit is 5 - 200 mm, the length of each graphite block unit is 5 - 200 mm, the thickness of each graphite block unit is 5 - 100 mm, and the spacing between every two adjacent graphite block units is 0 - 100 mm.
[0019] Preferably, every two adjacent graphite block units are connected together by a connecting piece made of an inert metal material or a plastic material. And when the connecting piece is made of a plastic material, it must be ensured that every two adjacent graphite block units are in contact with each other.
[0020] Alternatively, the graphite block units in each row or each column are strung together by a metal rod passing through the graphite block units in that row or column.
[0021] Preferably, a first connecting portion is convexly provided in the middle of the facing surfaces of every two adjacent graphite block units, and the first connecting portions on the facing surfaces of every two adjacent graphite block units are embedded between two first clamping plates and fastened together with the two first clamping plates by bolts.
[0022] Further, a second connecting portion is convexly provided in the middle of the left side surface of the leftmost column of graphite block units, and each second connecting portion is embedded between two second clamping plates and fastened together with the two second clamping plates by bolts; a third connecting portion is convexly provided in the middle of the right side surface of the rightmost column of graphite block units, and each third connecting portion is embedded between two third clamping plates and fastened together with the two third clamping plates by bolts; a fourth connecting portion is convexly provided in the middle of the lower end surface of the lowermost row of graphite block units, and each fourth connecting portion is embedded between two fourth clamping plates and fastened together with the two fourth clamping plates by bolts; the anode plate conductive beam includes a beam body and a connecting plate, and a fifth connecting portion is convexly provided in the middle of the upper end surface of the uppermost row of graphite block units, and each fifth connecting portion and the connecting plate are embedded between two fifth clamping plates and fastened together with the two fifth clamping plates by bolts.
[0023] Alternatively, the graphite block units in each column are strung together by a metal rod passing through the graphite block units in that column. The anode plate conductive beam includes a beam body and a connecting plate. The graphite composite anode plate further includes an anode plate bottom beam. The upper ends of the metal rods are connected to the connecting plate, and the lower ends of the metal rods are connected to the anode plate bottom beam.
[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0025] The utility model utilizes the good processing performance, electrical conductivity and electrochemical performance of graphite. By combining several small-sized graphite block units to form a new type of graphite composite anode plate, it solves the problems of easy breakage, cracking and damage of graphite, as well as the high cost of electrowinning metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese with traditional anode plates, paving the way for the industrial application of graphite anode plates. Moreover, in practical applications, if the graphite composite anode plate with a combined structure is damaged, only the damaged graphite block unit needs to be replaced. All in all, the graphite composite anode plate of the utility model will surely play a positive role in promoting the technological progress and cost reduction and efficiency increase in the production of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 FIG. 6 is a front schematic view of Embodiment 1 of the graphite composite anode plate for the process of electrowinning metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese according to the utility model.
[0027] Figure 2 FIG. Figure 1 is a sectional schematic view taken along line A-A in FIG.
[0028] Figure 3 FIG. Figure 1 is a sectional schematic view taken along line B-B in FIG.
[0029] Figure 4 FIG. Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of C in FIG.
[0030] Figure 5 FIG. Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of D in FIG.
[0031] Figure 6 FIG. Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of E in FIG.
[0032] Figure 7 FIG. Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic view of F in FIG.
[0033] Figure 8 FIG. Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic view of H in FIG.
[0034] Figure 9 FIG. 12 is a front schematic view of Embodiment 2 of the graphite composite anode plate for the process of electrowinning metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese according to the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0035] The following further describes the utility model in detail with reference to the embodiments given in the drawings.
[0036] As Figures 1 to 9As shown in the figure, the present utility model provides a graphite composite anode plate for the electrowinning process of producing metallic copper, nickel, cobalt, and manganese, which comprises an anode plate body 1 and an anode plate conductive beam 2. The anode plate body 1 is composed of N graphite block units 11, and N≥2. Preferably, the N graphite block units 11 are all on the same plane and arranged in a matrix. In other words, the anode plate body 1 is formed by combining N graphite block units 11 arranged in a matrix on the same plane. Here, the matrix arrangement means that the graphite block units 11 are arranged vertically and horizontally, and have at least two rows and at least two columns. Preferably, the graphite block units 11 preferably have three or more rows and three or more columns.
[0037] Through experimental research, it is found that under the same conditions, if the graphite anode plate is made according to the traditional anode plate size: length (L)×width (B)=500mm×600mm~800mm×1200mm, and the area of the graphite anode plate is F1, and F1 is decomposed into N parts, and the area of each part is F1 / N. At the same time, N graphite block units are made according to the area of each part F1 / N, and the N graphite block units are combined into a graphite composite anode plate with an area of F2. It is found that the graphite composite anode plate with an area of F2, compared with the graphite anode plate with an area of F1, not only will not reduce the current efficiency in the electrowinning process, but even increase it, and can also reduce the problems of easy breakage, cracking, and damage of graphite during transportation, installation, and use to a certain extent.
[0038] Preferably, N = 20~1000, and more preferably, N = 100~500.
[0039] The width of each graphite block unit 11 is 5~200mm, preferably 10~100mm. The length of each graphite block unit 11 is 5~200mm, preferably 10~100mm. The thickness of each graphite block unit 11 is 5~100mm, preferably 10~50mm.
[0040] The distance between every two adjacent graphite block units 11 is 0~100mm. That is to say, there can be a gap or no gap between every two adjacent graphite block units 11. When there is a gap between every two adjacent graphite block units 11, the gap is preferably 5~50mm.
[0041] The main geometric shape of each graphite block unit 11 includes but is not limited to: cuboid, cube, cylinder, sphere, ellipsoid. And the anode plate body 1 can be composed of N graphite block units 11 of the same geometric shape, or can be composed of two or more different geometric shapes of graphite block units 11.
[0042] Furthermore, the principles for designing the main geometric shape of each graphite block unit 11 are as follows: ① being easy to process and manufacture, ② being easy to connect, ③ being not easily damaged, ④ having good contact performance and electrical conductivity with the connecting piece and the conductive connection interface, and ⑤ ensuring that the electrochemical reaction interface of the overall anode plate after the combination of graphite block units meets the process requirements.
[0043] To better achieve the combination of each graphite block unit 11 to form the graphite composite anode plate body (i.e., the anode plate body 1) and improve the strength of the graphite composite anode plate body, each graphite block unit 11 can be connected together through a connecting piece. The connecting piece can be a conductive material (such as inert metal materials like titanium, titanium alloy, lead, lead alloy, etc.) or a non-conductive material (such as plastic material).
[0044] For example:
[0045] For example, each adjacent two graphite block units 11 are connected together through a connecting piece made of conductive or non-conductive material, which can further improve the strength of the graphite composite anode plate body and solve the problem of easy breakage, cracking, and damage of graphite during transportation, installation, and use to a greater extent. Moreover, when the connecting piece is a non-conductive material, it is necessary to ensure that each adjacent two graphite block units 11 are in contact with each other to ensure electrical conductivity between each adjacent two graphite block units 11.
[0046] Another example is that each row or column of graphite block units 11 are connected in series through a metal rod passing through the graphite block units in that row or column, and then the graphite blocks connected in series through the metal rod are connected together by means of a connecting beam or the like.
[0047] As Figures 1 - 8 shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention - namely, Embodiment 1, a first connecting portion 111 protrudes from the middle of the facing surfaces of each adjacent two graphite block units 11, and the first connecting portions 111 of the facing surfaces of each adjacent two graphite block units 11 are embedded between two first clamping plates 12 and fastened together with the two first clamping plates 12 through bolts 120. At the same time, the outer surfaces of the two first clamping plates 12 can be lower than the front and back surfaces of each graphite block unit 11 or flush with the front and back surfaces of each graphite block unit 11.
[0048] Furthermore, a second connecting portion 112 protrudes from the middle of the left side surface of each graphite block unit 11 in the leftmost column, and each second connecting portion 112 is embedded between two second clamping plates 13 and fastened to the two second clamping plates 13 by bolts 130; a third connecting portion 113 protrudes from the middle of the right side surface of each graphite block unit 11 in the rightmost column, and each third connecting portion 113 is embedded between two third clamping plates 14 and fastened to the two third clamping plates 14 by bolts 140; a fourth connecting portion 114 protrudes from the middle of the lower end surface of each graphite block unit 11 in the lowermost row, and each fourth connecting portion 114 is embedded between two fourth clamping plates 15 and fastened to the two fourth clamping plates 15 by bolts 150; the anode plate conductive beam 2 includes a beam body 21 and a connecting plate 22, and a fifth connecting portion 115 protrudes from the middle of the upper end surface of each graphite block unit 11 in the uppermost row, and each fifth connecting portion 115 and the connecting plate 22 are embedded between two fifth clamping plates 16 and fastened to the two fifth clamping plates 16 by bolts 160.
[0049] It can be seen that in this Embodiment 1, through each clamping plate clamping structure, not only are the graphite block units 11 connected together to form the graphite composite anode plate body, but also the protection of the left and right side edges and the upper and lower end edges of the graphite composite anode plate body is realized, the strength of the graphite composite anode plate body is improved, and at the same time, the connection between the graphite composite anode plate body and the conductive beam 2 is realized, thereby forming the graphite composite anode plate described in the present invention.
[0050] As Figure 9 shown, in another specific embodiment of the present invention - namely, Embodiment 2, each column of graphite block units 11 is connected in series by a metal rod 17 passing through the graphite block units in this column. The anode plate conductive beam 2 includes a beam body 21 and a connecting plate 22. The graphite composite anode plate further includes an anode plate bottom beam 3. The upper ends of the metal rods 17 are connected to the connecting plate 22 (such as by welding), and the lower ends of the metal rods 17 are connected to the anode plate bottom beam 3 (such as by welding).
[0051] It can be seen that in this Embodiment 2, after each column of graphite block units 11 is connected in series by a metal rod 17, the upper and lower ends of each metal rod 17 are respectively connected to the connecting plate 22 and the anode plate bottom beam 3, thereby forming the graphite composite anode plate described in the present invention.
[0052] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. That is, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the utility model description still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.
Claims
1. A graphite composite anode plate for electrowinning of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese, comprising an anode plate body and an anode plate conductive beam, characterized in that: The anode plate body is composed of N graphite block units, where N is greater than or equal to 2.
2. The graphite composite anode plate for electrowinning of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode plate body is composed of N graphite block units combined on the same plane.
3. The graphite composite anode plate for electrowinning of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode plate body is composed of N graphite block units arranged in a matrix on the same plane.
4. A graphite composite anode plate for electrowinning of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The N=20-1000, or the N=100-500.
5. A graphite composite anode plate for electrowinning of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The main geometric shapes of the graphite block units include but are not limited to cuboids, cubes, cylinders, spheres and ellipsoids, and the width of each graphite block unit is 5 to 200 mm, the length of each graphite block unit is 5 to 200 mm, the thickness of each graphite block unit is 5 to 100 mm, and the spacing between each two adjacent graphite block units is 0 to 100 mm.
6. A graphite composite anode plate for electrowinning of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: Every two adjacent graphite block units are connected together by a connecting piece made of inert metal material or plastic material, and when the connecting piece is made of plastic material, it must be ensured that every two adjacent graphite block units are in contact with each other.
7. A graphite composite anode plate for electrowinning of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese according to claim 3, characterized in that: The graphite block units in each row or column are connected in series through a metal rod that passes through the graphite block units in the row or column.
8. The graphite composite anode plate for electrowinning of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first connecting portion is protruded from the middle of the facing surfaces of each two adjacent graphite block units, and the first connecting portion of the facing surfaces of each two adjacent graphite block units is embedded between two first clamping plates and fastened together with the two first clamping plates through bolts.
9. A graphite composite anode plate for electrowinning of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second connecting portion is protruded from the middle of the left side surface of the graphite block units in the leftmost column, and each second connecting portion is embedded between the two second clamps and fastened to the two second clamps by bolts; a third connecting portion is protruded from the middle of the right side surface of the graphite block units in the rightmost column, and each third connecting portion is embedded between the two third clamps and fastened to the two third clamps by bolts; a fourth connecting portion is protruded from the middle of the lower end surface of the graphite block units in the bottom row, and each fourth connecting portion is embedded between the two fourth clamps and fastened to the two fourth clamps by bolts; the anode plate conductive beam includes a beam body and a connecting plate, and a fifth connecting portion is protruded from the middle of the upper end surface of the graphite block units in the topmost row, and each fifth connecting portion and the connecting plate are embedded between the two fifth clamps and fastened to the two fifth clamps by bolts.
10. The graphite composite anode plate for electrowinning of copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each column of graphite block units is connected in series through a metal rod that runs through the column of graphite block units. The anode plate conductive beam includes a beam body and a connecting plate. The graphite composite anode plate also includes an anode plate bottom beam. The upper end of each metal rod is connected to the connecting plate, and the lower end of each metal rod is connected to the anode plate bottom beam.