Fabricated air shaft and building structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to an assembly type air shaft and a building structure, and belongs to the field of building components. According to the technical scheme, the assembly type air shaft comprises an air shaft base and an air shaft body, the air shaft body is a modular assembly type component, and the air shaft base is matched with the inner contour of the bottom face of the air shaft body; the lower end of the air shaft body is installed on the air shaft base, and the upper end of the air shaft body is provided with an air shaft cover plate. According to the scheme, the air shaft is of a fabricated structure, prefabricated parts and on-site hoisting construction can be conducted on the ground or in a factory building, the construction time of the air shaft is greatly shortened, the working procedures and the required time of edge operation of workers are reduced, and the construction safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of building components, in particular to a prefabricated air shaft and a building structure. Background Art

[0002] A building air shaft refers to a ventilation facility arranged inside a building, usually composed of vertical ventilation ducts. These ducts lead directly to the outside or the roof, and are used to exhaust harmful substances such as waste gas and smoke accumulated indoors, so as to ensure the indoor air quality of the building. In some cases, the air shaft also plays the role of waterproofing, as well as an escape passage or a fire passage, providing convenience for personnel evacuation and fire fighting and rescue.

[0003] The traditional roof air shaft is a reinforced concrete structural column plus masonry structure. During construction, workers need to build masonry, tie steel bars, set up formwork, and pour concrete. Each step of this process requires facing edge work. Although safety reinforcement measures can be taken for the edge openings, when taking safety reinforcement measures for the openings, workers still face edge work. The edge work of the roof air shaft often occurs at a relatively high position, and workers may fall due to reasons such as slipping, careless operation, and failure of safety equipment;

[0004] Facing sudden bad weather conditions such as rain, snow, freezing, or strong wind may increase the danger of work and reduce the work efficiency of workers; when the working surface is uneven and unstable, it is easier for workers to slip or objects to slide and cause injury by object hitting, resulting in serious work safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems of long construction time and high safety risk of edge work in the current building air shaft using the masonry process, the utility model provides a prefabricated air shaft.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is that a prefabricated air shaft includes an air shaft base and an air shaft main body. The air shaft main body is a modular prefabricated component, and the air shaft base is adapted to the inner contour of the bottom surface of the air shaft main body; the lower end of the air shaft main body is installed on the air shaft base, and the upper end of the air shaft main body is provided with an air shaft cover plate. The air shaft of this solution adopts a prefabricated structure, which can prefabricate components on the ground or in a factory building and hoist and construct on site, greatly shortening the construction time of the air shaft, reducing the processes and time required for workers' edge work, and improving construction safety.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes a diagonal brace. One end of the diagonal brace is fixedly connected to the side surface of the air shaft main body, and the other end of the diagonal brace is fixedly installed on the installation foundation. The diagonal brace, the building facade, and the air shaft main body form a triangular support structure, making the air shaft more stable.

[0008] Preferably, the air shaft base is a planar frame structure surrounded by angle steel.

[0009] Preferably, angle steels are fixedly arranged at both ends of the diagonal brace, and the planes of the two angle steels are respectively in contact with and connected to the side surface of the air shaft main body and the installation foundation.

[0010] Preferably, an air outlet communicating with the inside of the air shaft main body is formed on the side surface of the air shaft main body.

[0011] Preferably, fixing steel bars are arranged in the air shaft main body. The upper ends of the fixing steel bars penetrate through the upper end surface of the air shaft main body and are processed with threads. Through holes are formed in the air shaft cover plate. The upper ends of the fixing steel bars pass through the through holes and fixing nuts are installed.

[0012] Preferably, the air shaft main body comprises a plurality of precast panels. Metal connectors are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the vertical edges on both sides of one side surface of each precast panel; the plurality of precast panels enclose the air shaft main body, and the metal connectors on adjacent sides are welded to each other. The metal connectors are located on the inner surface of the air shaft main body.

[0013] On the other hand, the present utility model further provides a building structure, which comprises a floor slab and also comprises the above-mentioned assembled air shaft, and the air shaft base is fixedly arranged on the floor slab.

[0014] Preferably, the lower part of the air shaft base is embedded in the floor slab. The air shaft base and the building are cast as a whole to improve the structural strength of the air shaft.

[0015] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the advantages of the present utility model are as follows: the present solution adopts the prefabricated component assembly construction method, which greatly reduces the construction time in high-altitude and dangerous environments, reduces the accident risk, enhances the construction safety, and reduces the potential safety hazards; improves the construction quality of the air shaft. The prefabricated components can be manufactured on a production line and can be carried out simultaneously with the on-site construction, thus greatly shortening the project cycle. Production can be carried out in a controlled environment, which can better control the quality, reduce the influence of human factors on the construction quality, and reduce the errors and defects in construction; the construction cycle is shortened, the labor cost is reduced, and the on-site management cost is reduced. The use of materials can be accurately controlled, waste is reduced, and at the same time, it is easier to realize material recycling and reuse, reduce environmental pollution, and the construction project is more environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, the drawings required for description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0018] Description of Main Reference Numerals

[0019] 1. Wind well base, 2. Wind well main body, 3. Wind well cover plate, 4. Fixed steel bars, 5. Floor slab, 6. Connector, 7. Diagonal brace, 8. Air outlet Specific Embodiment

[0020] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this patent

[0021] Embodiment 1

[0022] An assembled wind well includes a wind well base 1 and a wind well main body 2. The wind well main body 2 is an integral component that is vertically through. An air outlet communicating with the inside of the wind well main body is provided on the side surface of the wind well main body. The lower end of the wind well main body 2 is installed on the wind well base 1, and a wind well cover plate 3 is provided at the upper end of the wind well main body 2

[0023] In this embodiment, the outer contour of the wind well main body 2 is a cuboid structure. The wind well main body includes a plurality of precast panels. Connectors 6 made of metal are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the vertical edges on both sides of one side surface of the precast panel. The plurality of precast panels enclose the wind well main body, and the connectors 6 on adjacent sides are welded to each other, and the connectors 6 are located on the inner surface of the enclosed wind well main body

[0024] The wind well base 1 is a planar frame structure surrounded by angle steels. The contour surrounded by the vertical surfaces of the angle steels is adapted to the inner contour of the end surface of the wind well main body 2. The wind well main body is embedded in the wind well base 1, and the lower end connector 6 (metal plate) of the wind well main body is welded and fixed to the wind well base 1

[0025] Fixed steel bars 4 are provided in the wind well main body 2. The upper ends of the fixed steel bars 4 penetrate through the upper end surface of the wind well main body 2 and are processed with threads. Through holes are provided on the wind well cover plate 3. The upper ends of the fixed steel bars 4 pass through the through holes and are installed with fixing nuts. Two layers of gaskets are provided below the fixing nuts. The area of the lower gasket is larger than that of the upper gasket to reduce the pressure of the nut pressing force on the wind well cover plate 3, and the upper gasket realizes thread locking

[0026] It also includes a diagonal brace 7. As Figure 1 shown, the diagonal brace includes two parallel struts. Angle steels are respectively fixed at both ends of the struts. The planes of the two angle steels are respectively in contact with and connected to the outer side surface of the wind well main body and the installation foundation (i.e., the installation plane of the wind well)

[0027] Embodiment 2

[0028] Based on the prefabricated air shaft provided in Embodiment 1, this embodiment further provides a building structure, including a floor slab 5, and also including the prefabricated air shaft described in Embodiment 1. The air shaft base 1 is fixedly arranged on the floor slab 5. Specifically, the floor slab 5 is a reinforced concrete structure. Before concrete pouring, the position of the air shaft on the site is measured and set out, the angle steel of the air shaft base is welded to the steel bars of the floor slab to complete the construction of the angle steel base, and then formwork construction is used to pour concrete, so that the upper part of the air shaft base is exposed on the surface of the floor slab 5, and then the air shaft main body 2 can be hoisted subsequently.

[0029] It can be seen from the above implementation manners that the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows. This solution adopts the prefabricated assembly construction method, which greatly reduces the construction time in high-altitude and dangerous environments, reduces the accident risk, enhances the construction safety, and reduces potential safety hazards; improves the construction quality of the air shaft. The prefabricated components can be manufactured on an assembly line and can be carried out simultaneously with on-site construction, thus greatly shortening the project cycle. Production in a controlled environment can better control the quality, reduce the influence of human factors on the construction quality, and reduce errors and defects in construction; the construction cycle is shortened, the labor cost is reduced, and the on-site management cost is reduced. The use of materials can be precisely controlled, waste is reduced, and at the same time, it is easier to achieve material recycling and reuse, reduce environmental pollution, and the construction project is more environmentally friendly.

[0030] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An assembled air shaft, characterized in that: It includes an air shaft base and an air shaft body. The air shaft body is a modular assembled component. The air shaft base is adapted to the inner contour of the bottom surface of the air shaft body. The lower end of the air shaft body is installed on the air shaft base, and the upper end of the air shaft body is provided with an air shaft cover.

2. The assembled air shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an oblique brace, one end of which is fixedly connected to the side of the wind shaft body, and the other end of the oblique brace is fixedly installed on the installation foundation.

3. The assembled air shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base of the wind shaft is a flat frame structure surrounded by angle steel.

4. The assembled air shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: Angle steels are fixedly arranged at both ends of the diagonal brace, and the planes of the two angle steels are respectively in contact with and connected to the side surfaces of the air shaft body and the installation foundation.

5. The assembled air shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air outlet connected to the interior of the air shaft body is provided on the side of the air shaft body.

6. The assembled air shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed steel bar is provided in the air shaft body, the upper end of which passes through the upper end surface of the air shaft body and is processed with threads, a through hole is provided on the air shaft cover plate, the upper end of which passes through the through hole and is installed with a fixing nut.

7. The assembled air shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air shaft main body includes multiple prefabricated panels, and metal connectors are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the vertical edges on both sides of one side of the prefabricated panels; the multiple prefabricated panels surround the air shaft main body, and the metal connectors on adjacent edges are welded to each other, and the metal connectors are located on the inner surface of the air shaft main body.

8. A building structure comprising a floor slab, characterized in that: It also includes the assembled air shaft as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the air shaft base is fixedly arranged on the floor.

9. The building structure according to claim 8, characterized in that The lower part of the air shaft base is embedded in the floor slab.

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