Structural system spanning large-span non-filling type deep karst cave

Abstract

The utility model provides a structure system spanning a large span non-filling type deep karst cave, which comprises an anchoring component, an anchor cable component and a supporting spanning structure, the anchoring component is anchored on surrounding rock of an excavated tunnel section, the anchor cable component comprises an anchoring end and a tensioning end, the anchoring end is connected with the supporting spanning structure, the tensioning end is connected with the anchoring component, and the anchoring component is connected with the supporting spanning structure. And the supporting crossing structure spans from the side, close to the excavated tunnel section, of the karst cave to the opposite bank of the karst cave. According to the scheme, through a structural system formed by the anchoring assembly, the anchor cable assembly and the supporting crossing structure, safe and stable crossing on the large-span deep karst cave without the direct filling condition is achieved, the anchor cable is stably connected to the stable surrounding rock of the excavated tunnel section through the anchoring assembly, and the stability and reliability of the anchor cable are ensured. The anchoring end is connected with the supporting and spanning structure, the supporting and spanning structure can be spanned to the opposite bank of the karst cave under the action of the anchor cable, and the structure system is safe, economical and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnels, in particular to a structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep karst cave. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of tunnels, especially as the construction of expressways in China gradually shifts to the southwestern mountainous areas, the bridge-tunnel ratio of expressways in this area is high, and karst caves are frequently encountered during tunnel construction. According to the longitudinal span of the karst cave along the tunnel and the distance between the bottom boundary of the karst cave and the designed elevation of the tunnel, the karst caves are divided into four types: small-span shallow karst caves, large-span shallow karst caves, small-span deep karst caves, and large-span deep karst caves.

[0003] For the tunnel construction schemes for the first three types of karst cave sections, there are already relatively mature engineering technologies that can be applied. For example, for the first three types of karst caves, construction schemes such as filling, setting up struts to reduce the span, and drilling through the air with a drill can be adopted. However, for large-span deep karst caves (span greater than 15m, depth greater than 30m), which have the characteristics of a very large development boundary along the longitudinal span of the tunnel, a very deep bottom boundary and it is not easy to explore, and there may be a water passage at the lower part, the previous schemes such as filling, drilling through the air with a drill, and setting up struts to reduce the span are not applicable, and only a one-way spanning scheme can be adopted. However, due to the large longitudinal span of the karst cave, it is impossible to construct the opposite bearing platform on the side where the karst cave has been excavated. Therefore, there is currently no mature solution for the tunnel construction structure passing through large-span deep karst caves. How to safely, economically and conveniently construct a tunnel in this type of karst cave has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to propose a structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep karst cave to solve or at least alleviate the above defects. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep karst cave to solve the technical problem that there is no mature solution for the tunnel construction structure passing through large-span deep karst caves in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep karst cave, including an anchoring component, a cable anchor component, and a supporting spanning structure; wherein, the anchoring component is anchored on the surrounding rock of the excavated tunnel section, the cable anchor component includes an anchoring end and a tensioning end, the anchoring end is connected to the supporting spanning structure, and the tensioning end is connected to the anchoring component to span the supporting spanning structure from one side of the karst cave close to the excavated tunnel section to the opposite side of the karst cave.

[0007] Preferably, the supporting spanning structure includes a plurality of supporting spanning segments spliced in sequence along the tunnel excavation direction. The cable anchor assembly includes a plurality of cable anchor pairs arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the supporting spanning segments. Each cable anchor pair includes two cable anchors symmetrically arranged on both sides of the supporting spanning segment. The tensioning end of each cable anchor is connected to the corresponding anchoring assembly, and the anchoring end of each cable anchor is connected to the corresponding supporting spanning segment.

[0008] Preferably, the anchoring end includes a connecting assembly, an anchor, and a cable anchor segment. Among them, the connecting assembly is connected to the bottom of the supporting spanning segment, the cable anchor segment is connected to the anchor, and the anchor is connected to the connecting assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes an anchoring cross beam extending along the transverse direction of the supporting spanning segment and two connecting hanging plates spaced apart along the transverse direction of the supporting spanning segment. Among them, the connecting hanging plate is in the shape of a right triangle. The top surface of the connecting hanging plate is connected to the bottom of the supporting spanning segment. The anchoring cross beam is connected to a right-angle surface of the connecting hanging plate. The cable anchor segment is arranged to pass through between the two connecting hanging plates. The anchor is connected to the anchoring cross beam so that the cable anchor and the supporting spanning segment are arranged at an angle.

[0010] Preferably, the anchoring cross beam includes a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate arranged in parallel at intervals, and a third mounting plate and a fourth mounting plate arranged in parallel at intervals. The anchor includes an anchor body, a first backing plate, and a second backing plate. Among them,

[0011] The first mounting plate and the second mounting plate extend along the transverse direction of the supporting spanning segment. The first mounting plate is connected to a right-angle surface of the connecting hanging plate. The third mounting plate and the fourth mounting plate are connected between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate. The first mounting plate is provided with a first through hole for a part of the anchor body to pass through. The second mounting plate is provided with a second through hole for the anchor body to pass through. The first backing plate is connected to the outer wall of the second mounting plate, and the second backing plate is connected to the outer wall of the first mounting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the anchor further includes a third backing plate connected to the outer wall of the anchor body. The third backing plate is located between the first backing plate and the second backing plate. One end of the third backing plate is connected to the third mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the fourth mounting plate.

[0013] Preferably, the anchoring assembly includes a first anchoring assembly and a second anchoring assembly symmetrically arranged on both sides of the excavated tunnel section.

[0014] Preferably, the first anchoring assembly includes a first anchor pier and a second anchor pier disposed on the same side of the excavated tunnel section. The first anchor pier includes a first anchor head, a first connecting steel plate, a first fixed pulley, and multiple first anchor rods. Among them, the first anchor head is embedded in the tunnel side wall, the first connecting steel plate is connected to the outer end face of the first anchor head, the first fixed pulley is connected to the outer wall surface of the first connecting steel plate, the first anchor head has multiple first through holes for the first anchor rods to penetrate, the first anchor rod includes a first connecting end and a first anchoring end disposed opposite to each other along its own extending direction, the first anchoring end is anchored in the tunnel surrounding rock, and the first connecting end penetrates the first through hole and is connected to the first connecting steel plate;

[0015] The second anchor pier includes a second anchor head, a second connecting steel plate, a second fixed pulley, and multiple second anchor rods. Among them, the second anchor head is embedded in the tunnel side wall, the second connecting steel plate is connected to the outer end face of the second anchor head, the second fixed pulley is connected to the outer wall surface of the second connecting steel plate, the second anchor head has multiple second through holes for the second anchor rods to penetrate, the second anchor rod includes a second connecting end and a second anchoring end disposed opposite to each other along its own extending direction, the second anchoring end is anchored in the tunnel surrounding rock, and the second connecting end penetrates the second through hole and is connected to the second connecting steel plate.

[0016] Preferably, the second anchoring assembly includes a third anchor pier and a fourth anchor pier. The third anchor pier includes a third anchor head, a third connecting steel plate, a third fixed pulley, and multiple third anchor rods. Among them, the third anchor head is embedded in the tunnel side wall, the third connecting steel plate is connected to the outer end face of the third anchor head, the third fixed pulley is connected to the outer wall surface of the third connecting steel plate, the third anchor head has multiple third through holes for the third anchor rods to penetrate, the third anchor rod includes a third connecting end and a third anchoring end disposed opposite to each other along its own extending direction, the third anchoring end is anchored in the tunnel surrounding rock, and the third connecting end penetrates the third through hole and is connected to the third connecting steel plate;

[0017] The fourth anchor pier includes a fourth anchor head, a fourth connecting steel plate, a fourth fixed pulley, and multiple fourth anchor rods. Among them, the fourth anchor head is embedded in the tunnel side wall, the fourth connecting steel plate is connected to the outer end face of the fourth anchor head, the fourth fixed pulley is connected to the outer wall surface of the fourth connecting steel plate, the fourth anchor head has multiple fourth through holes for the fourth anchor rods to penetrate, the fourth anchor rod includes a fourth connecting end and a fourth anchoring end disposed opposite to each other along its own extending direction, the fourth anchoring end is anchored in the tunnel surrounding rock, and the fourth connecting end penetrates the fourth through hole and is connected to the fourth connecting steel plate.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present utility model provides a structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep karst cave, which includes an anchoring assembly, a cable anchor assembly, and a supporting spanning structure. The anchoring assembly is anchored on the surrounding rock of the excavated tunnel section. The cable anchor assembly includes an anchoring end and a tensioning end. The anchoring end is connected to the supporting spanning structure, and the tensioning end is connected to the anchoring assembly to span the supporting spanning structure from one side of the karst cave close to the excavated tunnel section to the opposite bank of the karst cave. Through the structural system formed by the anchoring assembly, the cable anchor assembly, and the supporting spanning structure, with the help of the cable anchor assembly and the anchoring assembly, one end of the supporting spanning structure can be lapped on one side of the excavated tunnel section, and the other end can be hoisted to the opposite bank of the karst cave, achieving safe and stable spanning over a large-span deep karst cave without direct filling conditions. After the supporting spanning structure spans to the opposite bank of the karst cave, construction workers can go to the opposite bank of the karst cave to construct the corresponding construction platform for subsequent tunnel construction. The cable anchor is firmly connected to the stable surrounding rock of the excavated tunnel section through the anchoring assembly, ensuring the stability and reliability of the cable anchor. The anchoring end is connected to the supporting spanning structure. Under the action of the cable anchor, the supporting spanning structure can be spanned to the opposite bank of the karst cave. The structural system of the present application is safe, economical, and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is an application scenario diagram of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the anchoring end and the supporting spanning section in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the anchoring end and the supporting spanning section in another embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the anchoring end and the supporting spanning section in yet another embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first anchoring assembly in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] The implementation, functional features, and advantages of the object of the present utility model will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the drawings.

[0027] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0028] 110. First anchoring assembly; 111. First anchor pier; 1111. First anchor head; 1112. First connecting steel plate; 1113. First fixed pulley; 1114. First anchor rod; 11141. First connecting end; 11142. First anchoring end; 112. Second anchor pier; 20. Cable; 21. Anchoring end; 211. Connecting assembly; 2111. Anchoring cross beam; 21111. First mounting plate; 21112. Second mounting plate; 21113. Third mounting plate; 21114. Fourth mounting plate; 2112. Connecting weight plate; 212. Anchor; 2121. Anchor main body; 2122. First backing plate; 2123. Second backing plate; 2124. Third backing plate; 213. Cable section; 22. Tensioning end; 30. Support spanning structure; 31. Support spanning section; 40. Karst cave; 50. Excavated tunnel section. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that all the directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as described in the drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0032] In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions appears to be contradictory or unable to be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

[0033] Please refer to the appendix Figures 1 to 5, a structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep karst cave in an embodiment provided by the present utility model includes an anchoring assembly (not shown in the figure), a cable anchor assembly (not shown in the figure), and a support spanning structure 30; wherein, the anchoring assembly is anchored on the surrounding rock of the excavated tunnel section 50, the cable anchor assembly includes an anchoring end 21 and a tensioning end 22, the anchoring end 21 is connected to the support spanning structure 30, and the tensioning end 22 is connected to the anchoring assembly to span the support spanning structure 30 from one side of the karst cave 40 close to the excavated tunnel section 50 to the opposite bank of the karst cave 40.

[0034] In the solution of the present application, a structural system formed by the anchoring assembly, the cable anchor assembly and the support spanning structure 30 can lap one end of the support spanning structure 30 on one side of the excavated tunnel section 50 by means of the cable anchor assembly and the anchoring assembly, and hoist the other end to the opposite bank of the karst cave 40, realizing a safe and stable span over the large-span deep karst cave 40 without direct filling conditions. After the support spanning structure 30 spans to the opposite bank of the karst cave 40, construction workers can construct a corresponding construction platform on the opposite bank of the karst cave 40 for subsequent tunnel construction. The cable 20 is firmly connected to the stable surrounding rock of the excavated tunnel section 50 through the anchoring assembly, ensuring the stability and reliability of the cable 20. The anchoring end 21 is connected to the support spanning structure 30. Under the action of the cable 20, the support spanning structure 30 can be spanned to the opposite bank of the karst cave 40. The structural system of the present application is safe, economical and convenient.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the support spanning structure 30 includes a plurality of support spanning segments 31 sequentially spliced along the tunnel excavation direction, the cable anchor assembly includes a plurality of cable anchor pairs arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the support spanning segments 31, each cable anchor pair includes two cables 20 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support spanning segment 31, the tensioning end 22 of each cable 20 is connected to the corresponding anchoring assembly, and the anchoring end 21 of each cable 20 is connected to the corresponding support spanning segment 31.

[0036] Among them, the support spanning segment 31 adopts a Bailey beam segment or other segment forms convenient for splicing. Preferably, the support spanning segment 31 adopts a Bailey beam segment. The connection method between Bailey beam segments is a mature technology and will not be elaborated here. By gradually applying cables and the corresponding Bailey beam segments, the support spanning structure 30 can span the karst cave. In order to improve the stability of the support spanning segment 31 during hoisting, a pair of cables 20 is arranged corresponding to each support spanning segment 31 in the present application. Preferably, each pair of cables is symmetrically connected to both sides of the support spanning segment 31 (i.e., both sides along the tunnel transverse direction), and each pair of cables 20 is constructed in a simultaneous construction manner.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, the anchoring end 21 includes a connection assembly 211, an anchor 212, and a cable segment 213. Among them, the connection assembly 211 is connected (e.g., welded) to the bottom of the support spanning segment 31. The cable segment 213 is connected to the anchor 212, and the anchor 212 is connected to the connection assembly 211.

[0038] Specifically, since the contact connection part between the anchoring end 21 and the support spanning segment 31 is the key stress area, as Figures 2 - 4 shown, the anchoring end 21 in this embodiment includes a connection assembly 211, an anchor 212, and a cable segment 213. As a preferred embodiment, the connection assembly 211 includes an anchoring cross beam 2111 extending transversely along the support spanning segment 31 and two connection pendant plates 2112 spaced transversely along the support spanning segment 31. Among them, the connection pendant plate 2112 is in the shape of a right triangle. The top surface of the connection pendant plate 2112 is connected to the bottom of the support spanning segment 31. The anchoring cross beam 2111 is connected to a right-angle surface of the connection pendant plate 2112. The cable segment 213 is arranged to pass through between the two connection pendant plates 2112. The anchor 212 is connected to the anchoring cross beam 2111, so that the cable 20 and the support spanning segment 31 are arranged at an angle to adapt to the position of the anchor pier assembly.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, the anchoring cross beam 2111 includes a first mounting plate 21111 and a second mounting plate 21112 arranged in parallel at intervals, and a third mounting plate 21113 and a fourth mounting plate 21114 arranged in parallel at intervals. The anchor 212 includes an anchor body 2121, a first backing plate 2122, and a second backing plate 2123. Among them, the first mounting plate 21111 and the second mounting plate 21112 extend transversely along the support spanning segment 31. The first mounting plate 21111 is connected to a right-angle surface of the connection pendant plate 2112. The third mounting plate 21113 and the fourth mounting plate 21114 are connected between the first mounting plate 21111 and the second mounting plate 21112. The first mounting plate 21111 is provided with a first through hole (not shown in the figure) for partial penetration of the anchor body 2121. The second mounting plate 21112 is provided with a second through hole (not shown in the figure) for penetration of the anchor body 2121. The first backing plate 2122 is connected to the outer wall of the second mounting plate 21112. The second backing plate 2123 is connected to the outer wall of the first mounting plate 21111. The connection method can be welding or bolt connection.

[0040] It should be noted that through the anchoring end 21 in this embodiment, on the one hand, the anchor 212 can be prevented from directly contacting the supporting spanning segment 31, avoiding large stress concentration caused by their direct contact. On the other hand, by means of the inclined surface of the connecting drop plate 2112, a suitable installation angle is provided for the first mounting plate 21111. Then, through the connection of the first cushion plate 2122 to the outer wall of the second mounting plate 21112 and the second cushion plate 2123 to the outer wall of the first mounting plate 21111, a stable and reliable installation foundation can be provided for the anchor 212, thus ensuring the reliability of the anchor cable 20. Under different angle requirements, the corresponding connecting drop plate 2112 can be selected to quickly meet the requirements of the inclination angle of the anchor cable 20.

[0041] Further, the anchor 212 further includes a third cushion plate 2124 connected to the outer wall of the anchor body 2121. The third cushion plate 2124 is located between the first cushion plate 2122 and the second cushion plate 2123. One end of the third cushion plate 2124 is connected to the third mounting plate 21113, and the other end is connected to the fourth mounting plate 21114.

[0042] Further, the anchoring assembly includes a first anchoring assembly 110 and a second anchoring assembly symmetrically arranged on both sides of the excavated tunnel section 50.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown, the first anchoring assembly 110 includes a first anchor pier 111 and a second anchor pier 112 arranged on the same side of the excavated tunnel section 50. The first anchor pier 111 includes a first anchor head 1111, a first connecting steel plate 1112, a first fixed pulley 1113, and multiple first anchor rods 1114. Among them, the first anchor head 1111 is embedded in the tunnel side wall, the first connecting steel plate 1112 is connected to the outer end face of the first anchor head 1111, the first fixed pulley 1113 is connected to the outer wall surface of the first connecting steel plate 1112. The first anchor head 1111 has multiple first through holes (not shown in the figure) for the first anchor rods 1114 to penetrate. The first anchor rod 1114 includes a first connecting end 11141 and a first anchoring end 2111142 arranged oppositely along its own extending direction. The first anchoring end 2111142 is anchored in the tunnel surrounding rock, and the first connecting end 11141 penetrates the first through hole and is connected to the first connecting steel plate 1112.

[0044] The second anchor pier 112 includes a second anchor head (not shown in the figure), a second connecting steel plate (not shown in the figure), a second fixed pulley (not shown in the figure), and multiple second anchor rods (not shown in the figure); wherein, the second anchor head is embedded in the tunnel side wall, the second connecting steel plate is connected to the outer end face of the second anchor head, the second fixed pulley is connected to the outer wall surface of the second connecting steel plate, the second anchor head has multiple second through holes for the second anchor rods to pass through, the second anchor rod includes a second connecting end and a second anchoring end 21 arranged oppositely along its own extending direction, the second anchoring end 21 is anchored in the tunnel surrounding rock, and the second connecting end passes through the second through hole and is connected to the second connecting steel plate.

[0045] Specifically, the structure of the second anchor pier 112 is the same as that of the first anchor pier 111, and will not be elaborated here. The first connecting steel plate 1112 not only provides the connection foundation for the anchor rod but also provides the connection foundation for the first fixed pulley 1113. The first fixed pulley 1113 is used for the cable 20 to wind around and convert the force direction, so that the structural system is constructed in the excavated tunnel space. The second anchor pier 112 is similar to the first anchor pier 111 and will not be elaborated too much. The spatial positions of the second anchor pier 112 and the first anchor pier 111 in the excavated tunnel section 50 are preferably spaced apart by a certain distance along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. As a preferred example, the central height of the first anchor pier 111 is 8 m from the tunnel design elevation, and the horizontal distance from the proximal boundary of the target karst cave 40 is 9 m. The central height of the second anchor pier 112 is 1 m from the tunnel design elevation, and the horizontal distance from the proximal boundary of the target karst cave 40 is 14 m.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the second anchoring assembly includes a third anchor pier (not shown in the figure) and a fourth anchor pier (not shown in the figure). The third anchor pier includes a third anchor head (not shown in the figure), a third connecting steel plate (not shown in the figure), a third fixed pulley (not shown in the figure), and multiple third anchor rods (not shown in the figure); wherein, the third anchor head is embedded in the tunnel side wall, the third connecting steel plate is connected to the outer end face of the third anchor head, the third fixed pulley is connected to the outer wall surface of the third connecting steel plate, the third anchor head has multiple third through holes for the third anchor rods to pass through, the third anchor rod includes a third connecting end and a third anchoring end 21 arranged oppositely along its own extending direction, the third anchoring end 21 is anchored in the tunnel surrounding rock, and the third connecting end passes through the third through hole and is connected to the third connecting steel plate;

[0047] The fourth anchor pier includes a fourth anchor head (not shown in the figure), a fourth connecting steel plate (not shown in the figure), a fourth fixed pulley (not shown in the figure), and multiple fourth anchor rods (not shown in the figure); wherein, the fourth anchor head is embedded in the side wall of the tunnel, the fourth connecting steel plate is connected to the outer end face of the fourth anchor head, the fourth fixed pulley is connected to the outer wall surface of the fourth connecting steel plate, the fourth anchor head has multiple fourth through holes for the fourth anchor rods to penetrate through, the fourth anchor rod includes a fourth connecting end and a fourth anchoring end 21 which are oppositely arranged along the extending direction of the fourth anchor rod itself, the fourth anchoring end 21 is anchored in the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and the fourth connecting end penetrates through the fourth through hole and is connected to the fourth connecting steel plate.

[0048] Specifically, the third anchor pier and the first anchor pier 111 are symmetrically arranged, and the fourth anchor pier and the second anchor pier 112 are symmetrically arranged, which will not be elaborated here. As a preferred example, the third anchor pier and the first anchor pier 111 are symmetrically arranged left and right along the tunnel excavation direction. The center height of the third anchor pier is 8 m from the tunnel design elevation, and the horizontal distance from the proximal boundary of the target karst cave 40 is 9 m. The center height of the fourth anchor pier is 1 m from the tunnel design elevation, and the horizontal distance from the proximal boundary of the target karst cave 40 is 14 m.

[0049] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep cave, characterized in that: It includes an anchoring assembly, an anchor cable assembly and a supporting spanning structure; wherein the anchoring assembly is anchored on the surrounding rock of the excavated tunnel section, the anchor cable assembly includes an anchoring end and a tensioning end, the anchoring end is connected to the supporting spanning structure, and the tensioning end is connected to the anchoring assembly, so as to span the supporting spanning structure from the side of the cave close to the excavated tunnel section to the other side of the cave.

2. The structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep cave according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting spanning structure includes a plurality of supporting spanning segments spliced ​​in sequence along the tunnel excavation direction, the anchor cable assembly includes a plurality of anchor cable pairs arranged one-to-one corresponding to the supporting spanning segments, each of the anchor cable pairs includes two anchor cables symmetrically arranged on both sides of the supporting spanning segment, the tensioning end of each anchor cable is connected to the corresponding anchor assembly, and the anchoring end of each anchor cable is connected to the corresponding supporting spanning segment.

3. The structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep cave according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anchoring end comprises a connection assembly, an anchor and an anchor cable segment, wherein the connection assembly is connected to the bottom of the supporting spanning segment, the anchor cable segment is connected to the anchor, and the anchor is connected to the connection assembly.

4. The structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep cave according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes an anchoring beam extending laterally along the supporting span segment and two connecting drop plates arranged at intervals laterally along the supporting span segment, wherein the connecting drop plates are in the shape of a right-angled triangle, the top surface of the connecting drop plates is connected to the bottom of the supporting span segment, the anchoring beam is connected to a right-angled surface of the connecting drop plates, the anchor cable segment is arranged to pass between the two connecting drop plates, and the anchor is connected to the anchoring beam so that the anchor cable and the supporting span segment are arranged at an angle.

5. The structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep cave according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anchoring beam comprises a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate arranged in parallel and spaced apart, a third mounting plate and a fourth mounting plate arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the anchor comprises an anchor body, a first pad and a second pad; wherein, The first mounting plate and the second mounting plate extend laterally along the support span segment, the first mounting plate is connected to a right-angle surface of the connecting dropper plate, the third mounting plate and the fourth mounting plate are connected between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, the first mounting plate is provided with a first through hole for the main body of the anchor to pass through, the second mounting plate is provided with a second through hole for the main body of the anchor to pass through, the first pad is connected to the outer wall of the second mounting plate, and the second pad is connected to the outer wall of the first mounting plate.

6. The structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep cave according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anchor also includes a third pad connected to the outer wall of the anchor body, the third pad is located between the first pad and the second pad, one end of the third pad is connected to the third mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the fourth mounting plate.

7. The structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep cave according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anchor assembly comprises a first anchor assembly and a second anchor assembly symmetrically arranged on both sides of the excavated tunnel section.

8. The structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep cave according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first anchor assembly comprises a first anchor pier and a second anchor pier arranged on the same side of the excavated tunnel section, the first anchor pier comprises a first anchor head, a first connecting steel plate, a first fixed pulley and a plurality of first anchor rods; wherein the first anchor head is pre-buried in the tunnel side wall, the first connecting steel plate is connected to the outer end surface of the first anchor head, the first fixed pulley is connected to the outer wall surface of the first connecting steel plate, the first anchor head has a plurality of first through holes for the first anchor rods to pass through, the first anchor rod comprises a first connecting end and a first anchoring end arranged oppositely along its own extension direction, the first anchoring end is anchored in the tunnel surrounding rock, the first connecting end passes through the first through hole and is connected to the first connecting steel plate; The second anchor pier includes a second anchor head, a second connecting steel plate, a second fixed pulley and a plurality of second anchor rods; wherein, the second anchor head is pre-buried in the tunnel side wall, the second connecting steel plate is connected to the outer end surface of the second anchor head, the second fixed pulley is connected to the outer wall surface of the second connecting steel plate, the second anchor head has a plurality of second through holes for the second anchor rods to pass through, the second anchor rod includes a second connecting end and a second anchoring end arranged opposite to each other along its own extension direction, the second anchoring end is anchored in the tunnel surrounding rock, and the second connecting end passes through the second through hole and is connected to the second connecting steel plate.

9. The structural system for spanning a large-span unfillable deep cave according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second anchor assembly includes a third anchor pier and a fourth anchor pier, the third anchor pier includes a third anchor head, a third connecting steel plate, a third fixed pulley and a plurality of third anchor rods; wherein the third anchor head is pre-buried in the tunnel side wall, the third connecting steel plate is connected to the outer end surface of the third anchor head, the third fixed pulley is connected to the outer wall surface of the third connecting steel plate, the third anchor head has a plurality of third through holes for the third anchor rod to pass through, the third anchor rod includes a third connecting end and a third anchoring end which are arranged relatively along its own extension direction, the third anchoring end is anchored in the tunnel surrounding rock, and the third connecting end passes through the third through hole and is connected to the third connecting steel plate; The fourth anchor pier includes a fourth anchor head, a fourth connecting steel plate, a fourth fixed pulley and multiple fourth anchor rods; wherein, the fourth anchor head is pre-buried in the tunnel side wall, the fourth connecting steel plate is connected to the outer end face of the fourth anchor head, the fourth fixed pulley is connected to the outer wall face of the fourth connecting steel plate, the fourth anchor head has multiple fourth through holes for the fourth anchor rod to pass through, the fourth anchor rod includes a fourth connecting end and a fourth anchoring end relatively arranged along its own extension direction, the fourth anchoring end is anchored in the tunnel surrounding rock, and the fourth connecting end passes through the fourth through hole and is connected to the fourth connecting steel plate.

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