Hydraulic breaking hammer reversing valve

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic element design, and discloses a hydraulic breaking hammer reversing valve which comprises a cylinder body, an external valve body, a nitrogen chamber and an energy accumulator, the external valve body is arranged on the side face of the cylinder body, the hollow nitrogen chamber is arranged on the top of the cylinder body, and the energy accumulator is arranged on the side face of the bottom of the cylinder body. Wherein a main piston sliding in the vertical direction is arranged in the cylinder body, a valve element extending in the vertical direction is arranged in the external valve body, the top of the main piston extends into the nitrogen chamber, a compression ring sliding in the vertical direction is arranged in the nitrogen chamber, and a jacking piston sliding in the vertical direction is arranged in the external valve body. Compared with the prior art, the volume of the nitrogen chamber is changed by moving the compression ring in the nitrogen chamber, so that the gas pressure in the nitrogen chamber is adjusted, the striking force of the main piston is changed, the movement of the compression ring is controlled by the valve core of the reversing valve, and the movement direction of the compression ring can be changed according to the movement direction of the main piston; and carrying out dynamic pressure regulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic component design, in particular to a hydraulic breaker reversing valve. Background Technique

[0002] The reversing valve of a hydraulic breaker is a key control component in a hydraulic system, mainly used to control the flow direction of hydraulic oil, so as to realize the impact and return actions of the breaker. By using pilot pressure oil to drive the spool to move and switch the spool position, the flow path of the hydraulic oil is changed, and the reciprocating movement of the breaker piston is driven.

[0003] Existing hydraulic breakers and corresponding reversing valves usually apply pressure to the piston inside the breaker through a nitrogen chamber installed on its top and an accumulator at the bottom. The pressure that the nitrogen chamber can provide is mainly determined by the amount of nitrogen filled inside it. It cannot increase the pressure and impact force during impact, nor can it reduce the return resistance by reducing the pressure during the piston return process. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the pressure in the nitrogen chamber cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the piston movement direction during the reciprocating movement of the piston inside the hydraulic breaker, and a hydraulic breaker reversing valve is provided.

[0005] A hydraulic breaker reversing valve includes a cylinder block, an external valve body, a nitrogen chamber and an accumulator. The external valve body is arranged on the side of the cylinder block, the hollow nitrogen chamber is arranged on the top of the cylinder block, and the accumulator is arranged on the side at the bottom of the cylinder block. A main piston that slides vertically is arranged inside the cylinder block, and a spool that extends vertically is arranged inside the external valve body. The top of the main piston extends into the nitrogen chamber.

[0006] The internal cavity of the nitrogen chamber is arranged in a cylindrical shape. A pressure ring that slides vertically is arranged inside the nitrogen chamber. A top extension piston that slides vertically is arranged inside the external valve body. A connecting block is arranged on the side of the pressure ring, and the end of the connecting block extends into the external valve body and is connected to the top of the top extension piston. A support pin block is arranged on the side at the bottom of the spool, and the support pin block is connected to the bottom of the top extension piston.

[0007] Furthermore, an oil inlet and an oil outlet are arranged on the side of the external valve body. A first oil supply pipe is arranged at the oil inlet, and a first oil return pipe is arranged at the oil outlet. A top connecting pipe is arranged on the side of the external valve body and is connected to the top inside the cylinder block. The top connecting pipe supplies oil to the top inside the cylinder block to push the main piston to move downward. The spool can connect the top connecting pipe with the first oil supply pipe or the first oil return pipe when moving vertically.

[0008] Further, the accumulator is hollow inside, with a rubber bowl provided at the center. A bottom connecting pipe is provided at the bottom of the accumulator and is connected to the bottom inside the cylinder body. A second oil supply pipe is connected to the side of the first oil supply pipe, and the end of the second oil supply pipe is connected to the bottom connecting pipe. The bottom connecting pipe supplies oil to the bottom inside the cylinder body to push the main piston upward.

[0009] Further, a second return oil pipe is connected to the side of the first return oil pipe, and the end of the second return oil pipe is connected to the middle part of the cylinder body.

[0010] Further, a first signal pipe is connected to the top of the first oil supply pipe and extends in the vertical direction. A second signal pipe is provided below the middle part of the cylinder body and extends into the external valve body. The end of the second signal pipe is coaxial with the end of the first signal pipe. The top of the valve core extends into the first signal pipe and is connected to the top end of the second signal pipe at the bottom.

[0011] Further, when the main piston is at the top dead center, the second signal pipe is connected to the bottom connecting pipe. During the process of the main piston moving downward and when it is at the bottom dead center, the second signal pipe is connected to the second return oil pipe.

[0012] The advantages of the present utility model compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0013] By moving the pressure ring in the nitrogen chamber to change the volume of the nitrogen chamber, thereby adjusting the gas pressure in the nitrogen chamber and changing the force when the main piston strikes.

[0014] By the displacement of the valve core to drive the movement of the pressure ring. Before the main piston moves upward, the valve core drives the pressure ring to stay at its bottom dead center, making the gas pressure in the nitrogen chamber in a relatively low state, so that the gas pressure on the main piston during the process of the main piston moving upward to compress the nitrogen chamber is relatively low. After the main piston reaches the top dead center, the valve core drives the pressure ring to move upward for pressurization. During the process of the main piston moving downward to strike, the position of the pressure ring remains unchanged, making the nitrogen pressure fully act on the main piston. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reversing valve of the hydraulic breaker.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic internal structural diagram of the reversing valve of the hydraulic breaker.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second oil supply pipe and the second return oil pipe of the reversing valve of the hydraulic breaker.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the valve core of the reversing valve of the hydraulic breaker.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the top-expanding piston of the reversing valve of the hydraulic breaker.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram when the main piston and spool valve of the hydraulic breaker reversing valve are at the lower dead center.

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the upward movement process of the main piston of the hydraulic breaker reversing valve.

[0022] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram when the main piston and spool valve of the hydraulic breaker reversing valve are at the upper dead center.

[0023] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the downward movement process of the main piston of the hydraulic breaker reversing valve.

[0024] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the downward strike of the main piston of the hydraulic breaker reversing valve.

[0025] As shown in the figure: 1. Cylinder block, 2. External valve body, 3. Nitrogen chamber, 4. Accumulator, 5. Main piston, 6. Spool valve, 7. Compressed air ring, 8. Rubber bowl, 9. Oil inlet, 10. Oil outlet, 11. First signal pipe, 12. First oil supply pipe, 13. First oil return pipe, 14. Top connecting pipe, 15. Second signal pipe, 16. Bottom connecting pipe, 17. Second oil supply pipe, 18. Second oil return pipe, 19. Connecting block, 20. Thrust piston, 21. Support pin block. Detailed implementation mode

[0026] The following further elaborates on the present utility model in conjunction with the attached drawings.

[0027] Combined with the attached Figure 1 and the attached Figure 2 , a hydraulic breaker reversing valve includes a cylinder block 1, an external valve body 2, a nitrogen chamber 3 and an accumulator 4. The external valve body 2 is arranged on the side of the cylinder block 1, the hollow nitrogen chamber 3 is arranged on the top of the cylinder block 1, and the accumulator 4 is arranged on the bottom side of the cylinder block 1. A main piston 5 that slides vertically is arranged in the cylinder block 1, a spool valve 6 that extends vertically is arranged in the external valve body 2, and the top of the main piston 5 extends into the nitrogen chamber 3.

[0028] Combined with the attached Figure 2 , an oil inlet 9 and an oil outlet 10 are arranged on the side of the external valve body 2. A first oil supply pipe 12 is arranged at the oil inlet 9, a first oil return pipe 13 is arranged at the oil outlet 10. A top connecting pipe 14 is arranged on the side of the external valve body 2 to communicate with the top inside the cylinder block 1. The top connecting pipe 14 supplies oil to the top inside the cylinder block 1 to push the main piston 5 downward. The spool valve 6 can communicate the top connecting pipe 14 with the first oil supply pipe 12 or the first oil return pipe 13 during vertical movement.

[0029] Combined with the attached Figure 2 and the attached Figure 3, the accumulator 4 is hollow inside, with a rubber bowl 8 provided at the center. A bottom connecting pipe 16 is provided at the bottom of the accumulator 4 and is connected to the inner bottom of the cylinder block 1. A second oil supply pipe 17 is connected to the side of the first oil supply pipe 12, and the end of the second oil supply pipe 17 is connected to the bottom connecting pipe 16. The bottom connecting pipe 16 supplies oil to the inner bottom of the cylinder block 1 to push the main piston 5 upward.

[0030] Combined with the attached Figure 2 , a second oil return pipe 18 is connected to the side of the first oil return pipe 13, and the end of the second oil return pipe 18 is connected to the middle of the cylinder block 1. A first signal pipe 11 is connected to the top of the first oil supply pipe 12 and extends in the vertical direction. A second signal pipe 15 is provided below the middle of the cylinder block 1 and extends into the external valve body 2. The end of the second signal pipe 15 is coaxial with the end of the first signal pipe 11. The top of the valve core 6 extends into the first signal pipe 11 and is connected to the top end of the second signal pipe 15 at the bottom.

[0031] Combined with the attached Figure 2 and the attached Figure 3 , when the main piston 5 is at the top dead center, the second signal pipe 15 is connected to the bottom connecting pipe 16. During the process of the main piston 5 moving downward and when it is at the bottom dead center, the second signal pipe 15 is connected to the second oil return pipe 18.

[0032] The above structure requires an external hydraulic pump station to provide hydraulic oil through the oil inlet 9 and the oil outlet 10. The external hydraulic pump station that provides hydraulic oil to this device belongs to common technology and will not be further described in this application.

[0033] Combined with the attached Figure 2 , the attached Figure 3 , the attached Figure 4 and the attached Figure 5 , the inner cavity of the nitrogen chamber 3 is set to be cylindrical. A gas compression ring 7 that slides vertically is provided inside the nitrogen chamber 3. A top extension piston 20 that slides vertically is provided inside the external valve body 2. A connecting block 19 is provided on the side of the gas compression ring 7, and the end of the connecting block 19 extends into the external valve body 2 and is connected to the top of the top extension piston 20. A support pin block 21 is provided on the bottom side of the valve core 6, and the support pin block 21 is connected to the bottom of the top extension piston 20. Oil seals are applied between the gas compression ring 7 and the inner wall of the nitrogen chamber 3 and between the outer ring of the top of the main piston 5 to ensure that the inner wall of the nitrogen chamber 3, the top of the gas compression ring 7, and the outer ring of the top of the main piston 5 form an airtight cavity.

[0034] Combined with the attached Figure 6 and the attached Figure 7, during the specific implementation of the above mechanism, when the main piston 5 moves upward from the bottom dead center, when the main piston 5 is at the bottom dead center, the second signal pipe 15 is communicated with the oil outlet 10 through the second oil return pipe 18 and the first oil return pipe 13, and the first signal pipe 11 is communicated with the oil inlet 9 through the first oil supply pipe 12. Since the oil pressure at the oil inlet 9 is greater than that at the oil outlet 10, the force on the top of the valve core 6 is greater than that on the bottom, the valve core 6 is at the bottom dead center, and the valve core 6 drives the top extension piston 20 to make the pressure gas ring 7 at the bottom dead center, and the nitrogen chamber 3 is in a large volume state with relatively low internal air pressure.

[0035] When the valve core 6 is at the bottom dead center, the oil outlet 10 is communicated with the top of the main piston 5 through the first oil return pipe 13 and the top connecting pipe 14, and the first oil supply pipe 12 is communicated with the bottom of the main piston 5 through the second oil supply pipe 17 and the bottom connecting pipe 16. Therefore, the force on the bottom of the main piston 5 is greater than that on the top, and the main piston 5 starts to move upward. During the upward movement of the main piston 5, in addition to acting on the main piston 5, the high-pressure hydraulic oil also acts on the rubber bowl 8 in the accumulator 4, causing the rubber bowl 8 to deform and compress the internal air for energy storage.

[0036] During the upward movement of the main piston 5 until it reaches the top dead center, the second signal pipe 15 is always communicated with the second oil return pipe 18 to maintain a low pressure state, so that the valve core 6 makes the pressure gas ring 7 always at the bottom dead center, and the upward movement of the main piston 5 compresses the gas in the nitrogen chamber 3 to a certain extent.

[0037] When the main piston 5 reaches the top dead center, the second signal pipe 15 is not communicated with the second oil return pipe 18, but is communicated with the bottom connecting pipe 16, so that the hydraulic oil pressure in the second signal pipe 15 is the same as that in the first signal pipe 11. By design, the bottom cross-sectional area of the valve core 6 is larger than the top. Due to Pascal's law, when the valve core 6 receives hydraulic oil with equal pressure on both the top and bottom at the same time, the pressure on the bottom is greater than that on the top. Under the action of the pressure difference between the top and bottom, the valve core 6 moves to the top dead center, and at the same time drives the pressure gas ring 7 to move upward. The upward movement of the pressure gas ring 7 reduces the volume of the nitrogen chamber 3 and further increases the pressure in the nitrogen chamber 3.

[0038] Combined with attached Figure 8 、attached Figure 9 and attached Figure 10 , during the specific implementation of the above mechanism, when the valve core 6 reaches the top dead center, the first oil supply pipe 12 is communicated with the top connecting pipe 14. At this time, the high-pressure hydraulic oil at the oil inlet 9 acts on both the upper and lower sides of the main piston 5 at the same time. Since the accumulator 4 located below the main piston 5 has completed energy storage during the upward movement of the main piston 5, the internal pressure thereof acts on the hydraulic oil in the second oil supply pipe 17 and the bottom connecting pipe 16 upward on the top of the main piston 5. At the same time, the main piston 5 is also affected by the compressed nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 3, so that the total pressure received on the top of the main piston 5 is much greater than that on the bottom, causing the main piston 5 to impact downward to complete the crushing and hitting.

[0039] After the main piston 5 reaches the bottom dead center and completes the strike, the second signal pipe 15 is communicated with the second oil return pipe 18, so that the pressure at the top of the valve core 6 is greater than that at the bottom, causing the valve core 6 to move to the bottom dead center. At the same time, the air compression ring 7 is driven to move downward, increasing the volume of the nitrogen chamber 3 and reducing the nitrogen pressure.

[0040] The above description of the present invention and its implementation manners is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementation manners of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Generally speaking, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design similar structural manners and embodiments without creative efforts without departing from the creative purpose of the present invention, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic breaker reversing valve, comprising a cylinder block (1), an external valve body (2), a nitrogen chamber (3) and an accumulator (4). The external valve body (2) is arranged on the side of the cylinder block (1), the hollow nitrogen chamber (3) is arranged on the top of the cylinder block (1), and the accumulator (4) is arranged on the side at the bottom of the cylinder block (1). A main piston (5) that slides vertically is arranged inside the cylinder block (1), and a valve core (6) that extends vertically is arranged inside the external valve body (2). The top of the main piston (5) extends into the nitrogen chamber (3). It is characterized in that: The internal cavity of the nitrogen chamber (3) is arranged in a cylindrical shape. A gas compression ring (7) that slides vertically is arranged inside the nitrogen chamber (3). A top extension piston (20) that slides vertically is arranged inside the external valve body (2). A connecting block (19) is arranged on the side of the gas compression ring (7). The end of the connecting block (19) extends into the external valve body (2) and is connected to the top of the top extension piston (20). A support pin block (21) is arranged on the side at the bottom of the valve core (6), and the support pin block (21) is connected to the bottom of the top extension piston (20).

2. The hydraulic breaker reversing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil inlet (9) and an oil outlet (10) are arranged on the side of the external valve body (2). A first oil supply pipe (12) is arranged at the oil inlet (9), and a first oil return pipe (13) is arranged at the oil outlet (10). A top connecting pipe (14) is arranged on the side of the external valve body (2) and is connected to the top inside the cylinder block (1). The top connecting pipe (14) supplies oil to the top inside the cylinder block (1) to push the main piston (5) to move downward. The valve core (6) can connect the top connecting pipe (14) with the first oil supply pipe (12) or the first oil return pipe (13) when moving vertically.

3. The hydraulic breaker reversing valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The accumulator (4) is hollow inside, and a rubber bowl (8) is arranged at the center. A bottom connecting pipe (16) is arranged at the bottom of the accumulator (4) and is connected to the bottom inside the cylinder block (1). A second oil supply pipe (17) is connected and arranged on the side of the first oil supply pipe (12), and the end of the second oil supply pipe (17) is connected to the bottom connecting pipe (16). The bottom connecting pipe (16) supplies oil to the bottom inside the cylinder block (1) to push the main piston (5) to move upward.

4. The hydraulic breaker reversing valve according to claim 2, wherein: A second oil return pipe (18) is connected and arranged on the side of the first oil return pipe (13), and the end of the second oil return pipe (18) is connected to the middle part of the cylinder block (1).

5. The hydraulic breaker reversing valve according to claim 2, wherein: A first signal pipe (11) is connected and arranged at the top of the first oil supply pipe (12). The first signal pipe (11) extends vertically. A second signal pipe (15) is arranged below the middle part of the cylinder block (1). The second signal pipe (15) extends into the external valve body (2). The end of the second signal pipe (15) is coaxial with the end of the first signal pipe (11). The top of the valve core (6) extends into the first signal pipe (11) and is connected to the top end of the second signal pipe (15) at the bottom.

6. The hydraulic breaker reversing valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the main piston (5) is at the top dead center, the second signal pipe (15) is connected to the bottom connecting pipe (16). During the process of the main piston (5) moving downward and when it is at the bottom dead center, the second signal pipe (15) is connected to the second oil return pipe (18).

Images