Battery management protection board circuit structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery management protection board circuit structure, which comprises a control IC, a battery end and a wiring end, the battery end is formed by connecting four battery cells in series, the control IC is provided with battery cell voltage detection ends corresponding to the battery cells one by one, the positive electrode of the battery end is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the wiring end, and the negative electrode of the wiring end is electrically connected with the battery end. And the negative electrode of the battery end is connected with the negative electrode of the wiring end. A charging MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) and a discharging MOSFET are arranged on a connecting line between the battery end negative electrode and the wiring end negative electrode; according to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the general requirements of battery management are met, the integrated functions are multiple, the circuit is simple, and the PCBA cost is lower; different numbers of MOSFETs are configured according to the size of the current carrying capacity, the current carrying capacity of the component load can be improved, software burning is not needed, the development cost is saved, control is simple, and the development period is short.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of battery protection circuits, and particularly relates to a circuit structure of a battery management protection board. Background Art

[0002] The existing solutions mainly adopt a scheme of a microprogram controller MCU, an analog front end AFE, and a system basis chip SBC, and also require other high and low side drivers, MOSFET drivers, communication chips, etc. The whole system is relatively complex and the cost is relatively high. The existing solutions have a relatively complex system and a relatively high cost. For small-cost battery packs, a large system also needs to be configured, and it cannot be applied to relatively simple application scenarios. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] Technical Problems to be Solved by the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a circuit structure of a battery management protection board, which solves the problems of relatively complex BMS control and relatively high cost in simple scenarios.

[0005] Technical Solutions

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solutions provided by the utility model are as follows:

[0007] A circuit structure of a battery management protection board includes a control IC, a battery terminal, and a wiring terminal. The battery terminal is composed of four battery cells connected in series. The control IC is provided with battery cell voltage detection terminals corresponding to the battery cells one by one. The positive pole of the battery terminal is electrically connected to the positive pole of the wiring terminal, and the negative pole of the battery terminal is connected to the negative pole of the wiring terminal. A charging MOSFET and a discharging MOSFET are provided on the connection line between the negative pole of the battery terminal and the negative pole of the wiring terminal.

[0008] Further, on the four battery cells of the battery terminal, the negative pole of each battery cell is connected with a balancing resistor. The balancing resistor and the positive pole of each battery cell are connected with a balancing switch. The positive pole of each battery cell is connected with a current limiting resistor. The current limiting resistor is connected to the corresponding battery cell voltage detection terminal. The balancing switch is connected with a triode gate limiting resistor, and the triode gate limiting resistor is connected to the corresponding battery cell voltage detection terminal.

[0009] Further, a current detection shunt is provided on the connection line between the negative pole of the battery terminal and the negative pole of the wiring terminal. The control IC is provided with an electromagnetic current detection terminal connected to both ends of the current detection shunt.

[0010] Further, the drains of the charging MOSFET and the discharging MOSFET are connected in series, and the sources of the charging MOSFET and the discharging MOSFET are respectively connected to the internal battery terminal and the external discharging terminal.

[0011] Further, the control IC is provided with a drive pin connected to the gate of the discharge MOS transistor, the control IC is provided with a drive pin connected to the gate of the charging MOS transistor, the control IC is provided with a load detection pin, and the load detection pin is connected between the drains in series of the charging MOSFET and the discharge MOSFET.

[0012] Further, the control IC is provided with a charger detection pin, and the electrical appliance detection pin is connected to the connection line between the negative electrode of the battery terminal and the negative electrode of the terminal.

[0013] Further, the control IC is provided with a temperature detection pin, the temperature detection pin is connected to an external temperature resistor, and the external temperature resistor is grounded

[0014] Further, a load is output within the terminal.

[0015] Advantageous Effects

[0016] Adopting the technical solution provided by the present utility model, compared with the prior art, it has the following advantageous effects:

[0017] The technical solution provided by the present utility model meets the general requirements of battery management, has multiple integrated functions, a simple circuit, and a relatively low PCBA cost; different numbers of MOSFETs can be configured according to the load current to increase the current-carrying capacity of the component load. This solution does not require software burning, saving development costs, with simple control and a short development cycle. Moreover, by using MOSFET devices, not only can the switching speed of the load circuit be improved, but different MOSFET tubes can also be selected according to the magnitude of the load current, and the drive circuit of the MOSFET is integrated, making the application simple. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle proposed by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram for use proposed by an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] To further understand the content of the present utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0021] The following further elaborates on the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant utility model and do not limit the utility model. Additionally, it should be noted that for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the utility model are shown in the drawings. The terms such as "first" and "second" in the present utility model are set for the convenience of describing the technical solution of the present utility model and have no specific limiting effect. They are all general references and do not constitute a limiting effect on the technical solution of the present utility model. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances. Multiple technical solutions in the same embodiment, as well as multiple technical solutions in different embodiments, can be arranged and combined to form new technical solutions without contradiction or conflict, and all are within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.

[0022] Embodiment

[0023] In conjunction with the attached Figure 1-2, A circuit structure of a battery management protection board, including a control IC, a battery terminal, and a wiring terminal. The battery terminal and the wiring terminal are electrically connected. The positive electrode of the battery terminal is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the wiring terminal, and the negative electrode of the battery terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the wiring terminal. Multiple electronic devices are provided on the connection line between the battery terminal and the connection line of the negative electrode of the battery terminal to the negative electrode of the wiring terminal and connected to the control IC. The positive electrode of the battery terminal is represented by Battery+, the negative electrode of the battery terminal is represented by Battery-, the positive electrode of the wiring terminal is represented by Terminal Post, and the negative electrode of the wiring terminal is represented by Terminal Negtive. Battery+ and Terminal Post are electrically connected, and Battery- and Terminal Negtive are electrically connected. Multiple electronic components are provided on the connection line of Battery- and Terminal Negtive and connected to the control IC, specifically including: a current detection shunt SHUNT, a charging MOSFET, and a discharging MOSFET.

[0024] The battery terminal is composed of four battery cells connected in series. Four battery cells Cell are connected in series between Battery+ and Battery- of the battery terminal in sequence. Each battery cell Cell is correspondingly provided with a current limiting resistor, an equalizing switch, an equalizing resistor, and a triode gate limiting resistor. A battery cell voltage detection terminal VC corresponding to each battery cell Cell is provided on the control IC.

[0025] The four battery cells Cell are Cell1, Cell2, Cell3, and Cell4 in sequence. Since the negative electrode of each battery cell Cell is connected with an equalizing resistor, the equalizing resistor and the positive electrode of each battery cell are connected with an equalizing switch, and the positive electrode of each battery cell is connected with a current limiting resistor, and the current limiting resistor is connected to the corresponding battery cell voltage detection terminal.

[0026] The connection structure of the four battery cells is specifically as follows:

[0027] The negative electrode of the first battery cell Cell1 is connected with an equalizing resistor R1. The equalizing resistor R1 and the positive electrode of each battery cell are connected with an equalizing switch T1. The positive electrode of the first battery cell Cell1 is connected with a current limiting resistor R9, and the current limiting resistor R9 is connected to the corresponding battery cell voltage detection terminal VC1. The equalizing switch T1 is connected with a triode gate limiting resistor R5, and the triode gate limiting resistor R5 is connected to the corresponding battery cell voltage detection terminal VC1.

[0028] The negative electrode of the second cell Cell2 is connected to a balancing resistor R2. The balancing resistor R2 and the positive electrode of each cell are connected by a balancing switch T2. The positive electrode of the second cell Cell2 is connected to a current-limiting resistor R10. The current-limiting resistor R10 is connected to the corresponding cell voltage detection terminal VC2. The balancing switch T2 is connected to a triode gate current-limiting resistor R6. The triode gate current-limiting resistor R5 is connected to the corresponding cell voltage detection terminal VC2.

[0029] The negative electrode of the third cell Cell3 is connected to a balancing resistor R3. The balancing resistor R3 and the positive electrode of each cell are connected by a balancing switch T3. The positive electrode of the third cell Cell3 is connected to a current-limiting resistor R11. The current-limiting resistor R11 is connected to the corresponding cell voltage detection terminal VC3. The balancing switch T3 is connected to a triode gate current-limiting resistor R7. The triode gate current-limiting resistor R5 is connected to the corresponding cell voltage detection terminal VC3.

[0030] The negative electrode of the fourth cell Cell4 is connected to a balancing resistor R4. The balancing resistor R4 and the positive electrode of each cell are connected by a balancing switch T4. The positive electrode of the fourth cell Cell4 is connected to a current-limiting resistor R12. The current-limiting resistor R12 is connected to the corresponding cell voltage detection terminal VC4. The balancing switch T4 is connected to a triode gate current-limiting resistor R8. The triode gate current-limiting resistor R5 is connected to the corresponding cell voltage detection terminal VC4.

[0031] The detection results of the cell voltage detection terminals VC1, VC2, VC3, and VC4 are used as the reference basis for under-voltage and over-voltage protection voltages.

[0032] A current detection shunt SHUNT is provided on the connection line between the battery terminal negative electrode Battery- and the terminal negative electrode Terminal Negtive. The current detection shunt SHUNT is responsible for measuring the voltage drop of the current across it.

[0033] The control IC is provided with an electromagnetic current detection terminal connected to both ends of the current detection shunt SHUNT. The electromagnetic current detection is divided into a positive electromagnetic current detection terminal ISENSE+ and a negative electromagnetic current detection terminal ISENSE-. The detection results of the electromagnetic current detection terminals are used as the reference basis for providing over-current, over-discharge, and short-circuit protection.

[0034] The connection line between the negative electrode of the battery terminal (Battery-) and the negative electrode of the terminal (Terminal Negative) is also provided with a charging MOSFET and a discharging MOSFET. The drains of the charging MOSFET and the discharging MOSFET are connected in series, and the sources of the charging MOSFET and the discharging MOSFET are respectively connected to the internal battery terminal and the external discharging terminal.

[0035] The control IC is provided with a driving pin (DSG) connected to the gate of the discharging MOS transistor, and the control IC is provided with a driving pin (CHG) connected to the gate of the charging MOS transistor.

[0036] The control IC is provided with a load detection pin (VM), and the load detection pin (VM) is connected between the drains of the series-connected charging MOSFET and the discharging MOSFET.

[0037] The control IC is provided with a charger detection pin (CHSE), and the charger detection pin (CHSE) is connected to the connection line between the negative electrode of the battery terminal (Battery-) and the negative electrode of the terminal (Terminal Negative).

[0038] The control IC is provided with a temperature detection pin (TS), and the temperature detection pin (TS) is connected to an external temperature resistor (NTC), and the external temperature resistor is grounded.

[0039] An output load (Load) is connected between the positive electrode (Terminal Post) and the negative electrode (Terminal Negative) of the terminal.

[0040] Introduction to the working principle

[0041] As Figure 1 , the orange frame contains the control IC. Overvoltage, undervoltage, overcharge, over-discharge, and short-circuit thresholds are pre-built into the control IC. When the detected voltage or current exceeds the threshold, the charging and discharging MOSFETs will be triggered to disconnect, playing a protective role;

[0042] VC1, VC2, VC3, and VC4 are responsible for detecting overvoltage, undervoltage, and balancing of the voltage of a single battery cell;

[0043] ISENSE+ and ISENSE+ are responsible for detecting overcharge, over-discharge, and short-circuit of the battery charging and discharging current;

[0044] The CHG MOSFET and the DSG MOSFET are the execution units of the protection circuit, responsible for cutting off the load path;

[0045] VM, CHSE, and TS are detection ports, responsible for monitoring the charging and discharging status and temperature.

[0046] Introduction to the actual application circuit

[0047] As Figure 2 shown, this circuit module is mainly composed of an IC, MOSFET transistors, balancing switches, shunts, and peripheral circuits.

[0048] The main components are introduced as follows:

[0049] U4 is the control IC;

[0050] U1, U2, U3, U5 are balancing switches;

[0051] R6, R10, R15, R16, R20, R23, R27, R30 are balancing resistors;

[0052] R41 is a shunt responsible for detecting the load current;

[0053] JP1 is a cell connector;

[0054] JP3, JP5 are the positive and negative poles of the cell;

[0055] JP2, JP4 are the positive and negative poles of the battery pack;

[0056] Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9, Q10, Q11, Q12, Q13 are charge and discharge MOSFET transistors;

[0057] Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 are gate fast turn-off triode circuits.

[0058] Other resistors, capacitors, diodes, and voltage regulators are peripheral circuit components.

[0059] The above schematically describes the present invention and its embodiments. This description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention. The actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, design similar structural forms and embodiments without creative efforts, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery management protection board circuit structure, characterized in that: It includes a control IC, a battery terminal and a wiring terminal. The battery terminal is composed of four battery cells connected in series. The control IC is provided with a battery cell voltage detection terminal corresponding to the battery cells one by one. The positive electrode of the battery terminal is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the wiring terminal, the negative electrode of the battery terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the wiring terminal, and a charging MOSFET and a discharging MOSFET are provided on the connection line between the negative electrode of the battery terminal and the negative electrode of the wiring terminal.

2. A battery management protection board circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the four battery cells at the battery end, the negative electrode of each battery cell is connected to a balancing resistor, the balancing resistor and the positive electrode of each battery cell are connected to a balancing switch, the positive electrode of each battery cell is connected to a current limiting resistor, the current limiting resistor is connected to the corresponding battery cell voltage detection terminal, the balancing switch is connected to a transistor gate current limiting resistor, and the transistor gate current limiting resistor is connected to the corresponding battery cell voltage detection terminal.

3. A battery management protection board circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A current detection shunt is provided on the connection line between the negative electrode of the battery terminal and the negative electrode of the wiring terminal, and an electromagnetic current detection terminal connected to both ends of the current detection shunt is provided on the control IC.

4. A battery management protection board circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drain electrodes of the charging MOSFET and the discharging MOSFET are connected in series, and the sources of the charging MOSFET and the discharging MOSFET are connected to the internal battery terminal and the external discharging terminal respectively.

5. A battery management protection board circuit structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control IC is provided with a driving pin connected to the gate of the discharge MOS tube, the control IC is provided with a driving pin connected to the gate of the charging MOS tube, and the control IC is provided with a load detection pin, and the load detection pin is connected between the series drains of the charging MOSFET and the discharging MOSFET.

6. A battery management protection board circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control IC is provided with a charger detection pin, and the appliance detection pin is connected to the connection line between the negative electrode of the battery terminal and the negative electrode of the connection terminal.

7. A battery management protection board circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control IC is provided with a temperature detection pin, the temperature detection pin is connected to an external temperature resistor, and the external temperature resistor is grounded.

8. A battery management protection board circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Output load within the terminal block.

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