Compressed air foam fire extinguishing device

Abstract

The utility model provides a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device. The compressed air foam fire extinguishing device comprises a pressure container, a compressed air foam generating part, a driving unit and a foam release spray pipe assembly, wherein foam premixed liquid is preloaded in the pressure container; the compressed air foam generating part adopts a shunt damping principle; compressed air foam with a certain foaming multiple is formed in compressed air foam liquid released by the compressed air foam generating part based on the flow division damping principle, the particle size of water can be refined, the coverage area of the water can be increased, more heat can be absorbed, comburent can be efficiently cooled, the penetrating force is improved through the compressed air foam, and the heat efficiency is improved. And the flame retardant can rapidly permeate into comburent to prevent rapid chemical chain reaction in the combustion process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing, and relates to a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device. Background Art

[0002] Foam fire extinguishing technology is a fire fighting technology that is of great significance for humans to extinguish oil fires. In small-scale fire extinguishing scenarios, after years of development, there are already relatively mature portable and cart-mounted foam fire extinguishers on the market. However, so far, there are few compressed air foam fire extinguishers on the market. Compressed Air Foam (abbreviated as CAF) is a new type of fire prevention and extinguishing technology. CAF injects a certain proportion of compressed air into the foam premix liquid under positive pressure through a gas-liquid mixing device to form a compressed air foam liquid with a certain foaming multiple. It can not only refine the particle size of water, increase the coverage area of water and absorb more heat to efficiently cool the combustibles, but also the compressed air foam liquid improves the penetration force and can quickly penetrate into the interior of the combustibles to prevent the rapid chemical chain reaction during combustion. Compared with using pure water to extinguish fires, the fire extinguishing efficiency of CAF is increased by twenty times.

[0003] As Figure 1 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of an existing compressed air foam generating part, which mainly consists of a straight pipe 10 with inlets and outlets, an orifice plate 10-1 arranged inside it, and an air inlet hole 10-2 arranged on the side wall of the seamless straight pipe between the orifice plate and the inlet. The following problems exist during use: The foam premix liquid is directly sprayed from the inlet and intersects with the compressed air entering through the air inlet hole 10-2, and an effective water-gas ratio cannot be formed, so that the compressed air foam liquid required in some scenarios cannot be manufactured; Therefore, the gas-liquid ratio of the ejected compressed air foam liquid is too low and the water content is high, and the fire extinguishing effect is not good. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device with a high gas-liquid ratio, rich foam, and capable of extinguishing and suppressing fires flexibly, conveniently and quickly, which includes a pressure vessel pre-filled with foam premix liquid, a compressed air foam generating part based on the principle of flow distribution and damping, a driving unit for storing air or non-combustible gas, and a foam release nozzle assembly. The compressed air foam generating part is arranged at the upper end of the pressure vessel pre-filled with foam premix liquid, the foam release nozzle assembly is arranged at the outlet of the compressed air foam generating part, the driving unit for storing air or non-combustible gas is connected to the upper end of the pressure vessel pre-filled with foam premix liquid through a gas pipeline, and the foam premix liquid is pre-mixed with foam extinguishing agent and water by a filling device and stored in the pressure vessel.

[0005] Preferably, the compressed air foam generating part based on the flow splitting and damping principle includes a siphon tube, a bottom sealing cover, a generating part housing, a flow splitting and damping cone, a hole retaining ring, an isolation gasket, an upper sealing cover and a cover nut; the flow splitting and damping cone is a conical structure with a plane at the periphery of its cone bottom with uniformly distributed reserved holes, the left and right sides of the flow splitting and damping cone are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the generating part housing through the isolation gasket and the hole retaining ring welded inside the generating part housing, the upper sealing cover and the cover nut are sequentially fixed at the left port of the generating part housing; the left end of the siphon tube extends into it from the right port of the generating part housing and is fixed in the right port of the generating part housing through the bottom sealing cover, and there is a gap between the left end of the siphon tube and the axial direction of the cone top of the flow splitting and damping cone, the right end of the siphon tube extends to the bottom of the pressure vessel pre-filled with foam premix; at least one small air hole is arranged in the side wall area of the generating part housing corresponding to the siphon tube extending into the generating part housing.

[0006] Preferably, a multi-layer foaming mesh is further arranged in the generating part housing between the flow splitting and damping cone and the left port of the generating part housing.

[0007] Preferably, the driving unit for storing air or non-combustible gas includes a pressure vessel for storing air or non-combustible gas, its valve and pressure reducing valve.

[0008] Preferably, the non-combustible gas is selected from nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0010] The compressed air foam fire extinguishing device provided by the present utility model forms compressed air foam with a certain foaming multiple in the compressed air foam liquid released by the compressed air foam generating part based on the flow splitting and damping principle. It can not only refine the particle size of water, increase the coverage area of water and absorb more heat to efficiently cool the combustible, but also the compressed air foam improves the penetration force and can quickly penetrate into the interior of the combustible to prevent the rapid chemical chain reaction during combustion. Description of the Drawings

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the existing compressed air foam generating part;

[0012] Figure 2 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device provided in Embodiment 1;

[0013] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic axial sectional view of the structure of the compressed air foam generating part shown in

[0014] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a schematic left view of the structure of the flow splitting and damping cone shown in

[0015] Figure 5 is Figure 3 Schematic axial sectional view of the shunt damping cone structure shown in

[0016] Figure 6 is Figure 3 Schematic axial sectional view of the generating part housing structure shown in

[0017] Figure 7 is Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the principle of the compressed air foam liquid generation process of the compressed air foam fire extinguishing device shown in

[0018] Figure 8 For Embodiment 2, there is provided a schematic axial sectional view of the structure of the compressed air foam generating component in a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device.

[0019] Unified description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0020] 1. Pressure vessel pre-filled with foam premix; 2. Compressed air foam generating part, 2-1. Siphon tube, 2-2. Bottom seal cover, 2-3. Generating part housing, 2-4. Shunt damping cone, 2-5. Hole retaining ring, 2-6. Isolation gasket, 2-7. Upper seal cover, 2-8. Cap nut, 2-9. Multi-layer foaming mesh; 3. Driving unit for storing nitrogen. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The following takes a specific compressed air foam fire extinguishing device as a specific embodiment and, in conjunction with the drawings, details a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device provided by the present utility model. Embodiment 1

[0022] As Figure 2 shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device provided in this embodiment; it mainly includes a pressure vessel 1 pre-filled with foam premix, a compressed air foam generating part 2 based on the shunt damping principle, a driving unit 3 for storing nitrogen, and a foam release nozzle assembly 4. Among them, the compressed air foam generating part 2 is arranged at the upper end of the pressure vessel 1 pre-filled with foam premix, the foam release nozzle assembly 4 is arranged at the outlet of the compressed air foam generating part 2, and the driving unit 3 for storing nitrogen is connected through a gas pipeline to the upper end of the pressure vessel 1 pre-filled with foam premix. The foam premix pre-filled in the pressure vessel 1 is formed by mixing a foam fire extinguishing agent and water by a filling device.

[0023] The compressed air foam generating part 2 based on the shunt damping principle includes a siphon tube 2-1, a bottom sealing cover 2-2, a generating part housing 2-3, a shunt damping cone 2-4, a hole retaining ring 2-5, an isolation gasket 2-6, an upper sealing cover 2-7 and a cover nut 2-8; the shunt damping cone 2-4 is fixed on the inner wall of the generating part housing 2-3 by the isolation gasket 2-6 and the hole retaining ring 2-5 welded inside the generating part housing on the left and right respectively, the upper sealing cover 2-7 and the cover nut 2-8 are sequentially fixed at the left port of the generating part housing 2-3; the left end of the siphon tube 2-1 extends into it from the right port of the generating part housing 2-3 and is fixed in the right port of the generator housing 2-3 by the bottom sealing cover 2-2, and there is a gap between the left end of the siphon tube 2-1 and the axial direction of the apex of the shunt damping cone 2-4, the right end of the siphon tube 2-1 extends to the bottom of the pressure vessel 1 pre-filled with foam premix; at least one small air hole is provided in the side wall section of the generating part housing 2-3 corresponding to the siphon tube 2-1 extending into the generating part housing 2-3, such as Figure 6 .

[0024] The driving unit 3 for storing nitrogen includes a pressure vessel for storing nitrogen, its valve and a pressure reducing valve.

[0025] Such as Figure 3 and 7 , after a fire is found at the scene, the valve in the driving unit 3 is opened and nitrogen with a pressure of 0.4-0.8 MPa is output through its pressure reducing valve: the first path of nitrogen directly applies nitrogen pressure to the foam premix, the foam premix rises through the siphon tube and enters the foam generating part 2 and impacts on the shunt damping cone 2-4, at the same time the second path of nitrogen indirectly enters it from the small air hole on the side wall of the generating part housing 2-3, further accelerating the collision and disturbance mixing of the first path of nitrogen and the foam premix entering the foam generating part 2, and then spraying out through the reserved holes on the plane of the shunt damping cone 2-4, wherein the foam premix and nitrogen are mixed and expanded in the compressed air foam generating part 2 to form compressed air foam, and then dispersed on the fire source through the foam release nozzle assembly 4, so as to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire.

[0026] Such as Figure 4 and 5, the flow - dividing damping cone 2 - 4 is a conical structure with a plane at the cone bottom having uniformly distributed reserved holes. Its functions are as follows: When the foam premix is extruded from the siphon by the first - path nitrogen gas into the air - foam generator part 2 and impacts on the conical surface of the flow - dividing damping cone 2 - 4, an impact recoil is formed, enabling the nitrogen gas to mix with the foam premix. Meanwhile, the second - path nitrogen gas entering the air - foam generation part 2 through the small air holes on the generating part housing 2 - 3 further accelerates the turbulent mixing of the nitrogen gas and the foam premix. After the surface tension of the foaming agent in the foam premix combines with the pressure of the nitrogen gas to form foam, it is ejected together through the reserved holes on the plane of the flow - dividing damping cone 2 - 4. The conical surface of the flow - dividing damping cone 2 - 4 can not only obstruct the flow direction of the foam premix flowing in through the siphon, but also form a reflection angle, causing the foam premix and the nitrogen gas to sputter in the reverse direction and mix fully.

[0027] Compared with the existing foam fire extinguishers, the compressed - air foam fire - extinguishing device provided by the present utility model has the advantages of fast foaming speed, fine and uniform foam generated, good stability; strong foam adhesion, can adhere to the surfaces such as ceilings, steel plates, pipelines, devices, etc., with good wall - hanging effect, can wrap the protected object in a short time to prevent fire damage or suffocate the burning object to extinguish the fire. Embodiment 2

[0028] As Figure 8 shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a compressed - air foam fire - extinguishing device provided by this embodiment; This embodiment is a further improvement based on Embodiment 1. The difference is that a multi - layer foaming mesh 2 - 9 is arranged in the generating part housing 2 - 3 between the flow - dividing damping cone 2 - 4 and the left port of the generating part housing 2 - 3. The foaming mesh is a component similar to a filter sheet made by randomly stacking and pressing steel wires or porous steel plates to form numerous fine flow channels. The purpose is to make the compressed - air foam liquid ejected from the compressed - air foam generation part 2 finer and more uniform, and the fire - extinguishing effect better. The rest is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0029] In the patent of the present utility model, nitrogen gas can also be replaced by air or other non - combustion - supporting gases.

[0030] The above - mentioned examples are examples of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not limitations on the device. Under the condition of not affecting the essence of the present utility model, the components in the above - mentioned embodiments can be combined, interchanged, and substituted according to actual needs. It will not affect its use effect.

Claims

1. A compressed air foam fire extinguishing device, characterized in that, It includes a pressure vessel pre-filled with foam premix, a compressed air foam generating part based on the principle of flow splitting and damping, a driving unit storing air or non-combustible gas, and a foam release nozzle assembly. The compressed air foam generating part is arranged at the upper end of the pressure vessel pre-filled with foam premix, the foam release nozzle assembly is arranged at the outlet of the compressed air foam generating part, the driving unit storing air or non-combustible gas is connected to the upper end of the pressure vessel pre-filled with foam premix through a gas pipeline, and the foam premix is pre-mixed with foam extinguishing agent and water by filling equipment and stored in the pressure vessel.

2. The compressed air foam fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein, The compressed air foam generating part based on the principle of flow splitting and damping includes a siphon tube, a bottom sealing cover, a generating part housing, a flow splitting and damping cone, a hole retaining ring, an isolation gasket, an upper sealing cover, and a cover nut; the flow splitting and damping cone is a conical structure with a plane at the periphery of its cone bottom with evenly distributed reserved holes. The flow splitting and damping cone is fixed on the inner wall of the generating part housing on the left and right respectively through the isolation gasket and the hole retaining ring welded inside the generating part housing. The upper sealing cover and the cover nut are sequentially fixed at the left port of the generating part housing; the left end of the siphon tube extends into it from the right port of the generating part housing and is fixed in the right port of the generating part housing through the bottom sealing cover. And there is a gap between the left end of the siphon tube and the axial direction of the cone top of the flow splitting and damping cone. The right end of the siphon tube extends to the bottom of the pressure vessel pre-filled with foam premix; at least one small air hole is arranged in the side wall area of the generating part housing corresponding to the siphon tube extending into the generating part housing.

3. The compressed air foam fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A multi-layer foaming mesh is also arranged in the generating part housing between the flow splitting and damping cone and the left port of the generating part housing.

4. The compressed air foam fire extinguishing device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, The driving unit storing air or non-combustible gas includes a pressure vessel storing air or non-combustible gas and its valve and pressure reducing valve.

5. The compressed air foam fire extinguishing device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, The non-combustible gas is selected from nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and argon.

6. The compressed air foam fire extinguishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that The non-combustible gas is selected from nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and argon.

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