Continuous preparation device for carrying powder constraint electric explosion method

Abstract

The continuous preparation device comprises a driving mechanism, an explosion mechanism, a belt pressing wheel mechanism and a pressing block mechanism, the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor and a rotating shaft, the explosion mechanism comprises an energy storage capacitor and a plurality of electrodes, an explosion restraining cavity is formed between every two adjacent electrodes, and the energy storage capacitor is arranged in the explosion restraining cavity. The explosion chambers are restrained to be evenly distributed on the explosion chamber disc, an annular powder carrying belt channel is further formed in the explosion chamber disc, the upper pressing belt wheel mechanism and the lower pressing belt wheel mechanism are arranged, and the pressing block mechanism comprises a pressing block elastic support and a sealing pressing block. According to the utility model, a plurality of explosion restraining chambers are arranged on the disc, so that the problem that the explosion chamber is seriously ablated and damaged due to the fact that the existing equipment only has one explosion chamber and electric explosion is continuously carried out in the only explosion chamber is solved; and the problem of repeated electric explosion caused by excessive adsorption of powder on the wall of the explosion chamber due to continuous explosion in the only explosion chamber is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation, and particularly relates to a continuous preparation device for powder-loaded constrained electro-explosion method. Background Art

[0002] Nano materials have attracted wide attention in many fields due to their unique physical and chemical properties; such as graphene, nano-sized barium titanate, nano-sized barium sulfate, etc. At present, the electro-explosion method for preparing nano materials is a new method for mechanically peeling and producing nano materials. The powder material is sent into a constrained explosion chamber; the energy storage capacitor releases a high voltage through two electrodes, and a large current is introduced into the powder material in the mode of gas gap discharge to heat it up and cause an explosion. The explosion products experience a high temperature and high pressure process in the constrained explosion chamber, and then are ejected from the explosion orifice along with the shock wave. The powder material is peeled or broken into nano materials under the action of high temperature, high pressure and shock wave. The nano materials ejected by the explosion are uniformly suspended in the protective atmosphere to form a nano material aerosol.

[0003] In the prior art, there is a device for continuously preparing nano materials by using a powder-carrying belt to feed powder and constrained electro-explosion in the preparation of nano materials by the constrained electro-explosion method. This device adopts the method of passing a powder-carrying belt through a composite explosion tube compounded with a high-voltage electrode and a grounding electrode. The powder-carrying belt completes continuous electro-explosion under the pulling of a motor. However, the continuous electro-explosion of this device occurs in a single explosion constraint chamber, and the ablation of the explosion chamber is relatively large, which affects the service life and actual production capacity of the device. Moreover, the shape of the explosion chamber is single and cannot better constrain the energy concentration.

[0004] Based on this, a continuous preparation device for powder-loaded constrained electro-explosion method is proposed. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a continuous preparation device for powder-loaded constrained electro-explosion method aiming at the deficiencies of the above prior art, so as to solve the problem that the electro-explosion in the prior art continuously occurs in the same explosion chamber, resulting in serious ablation of the explosion chamber, and to solve the problem that continuous explosion in a single explosion chamber leads to excessive adsorption of powder on the wall of the explosion chamber, resulting in repeated electro-explosion.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: the utility model provides a continuous preparation device for powder-loaded constrained electro-explosion method, which includes a driving mechanism for driving the explosion chamber disk to rotate, an explosion mechanism, a pressing wheel mechanism, and a pressing block mechanism for sealing and constraining the explosion chamber;

[0007] The driving mechanism includes a driving motor and a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the explosion chamber disc. The driving motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a coupling to drive the rotation of the rotating shaft. There are n constraint explosion chambers, and the n constraint explosion chambers are evenly distributed on the explosion chamber disc, where n is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0008] The explosion mechanism includes an energy storage capacitor and multiple electrodes. The multiple electrodes are all embedded in the explosion chamber disc and are respectively located at the mutually separated positions of the multiple constraint explosion chambers. The negative and positive electrodes of the energy storage capacitor are respectively connected to two electrodes on both sides of a constraint explosion chamber, for releasing high voltage in the constraint explosion chamber during electric explosion;

[0009] An annular powder-carrying belt channel is also provided on the explosion chamber disc. There are two sets of pressing wheel mechanisms, upper and lower. The lower pressing wheel mechanism is used to feed the powder-carrying belt carrying the load powder material into the powder-carrying belt channel in the tangential direction, and the upper pressing wheel mechanism is used to send out the powder-carrying belt after electric explosion from the powder-carrying belt channel; The powder-carrying belt channel is concentric with the explosion chamber disc and overlaps with the inner side of the constraint explosion chamber;

[0010] The pressing block mechanism includes a pressing block elastic support and a sealing pressing block. The powder-carrying belt enters the constraint explosion chamber through the powder-carrying belt channel. One end of the pressing block elastic support is fixed on the rotating shaft support, and the rotating shaft support is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft. The sealing pressing block is fixedly installed at the other end of the pressing block elastic support. The sealing pressing block is located above the powder-carrying belt channel, and the elastic force of the pressing block elastic support acts on the sealing pressing block. The sealing pressing block squeezes and seals the inner side of the constraint explosion chamber; The constraint explosion chamber is symmetrically contracted from the inside to the outside into a narrow opening to form an explosion nozzle.

[0011] Preferably, the pressing wheel mechanism includes a pressing wheel elastic support, a pressing wheel shaft and a pressing wheel. The pressing wheel is located above the powder-carrying belt channel. The pressing wheel is fixedly connected to the pressing wheel shaft by an interference fit. The pressing wheel elastic support is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft support. The pressing wheel elastic support is connected to the pressing wheel shaft through a bearing. The pressing wheel is connected to the rotating shaft support through the pressing wheel elastic support, and the pressing wheel is pressed firmly above the powder-carrying belt channel by the elastic force of the pressing wheel elastic support.

[0012] Preferably, the powder-carrying belt carrying the powder material moves synchronously with the explosion chamber disc under the action of the friction force of the powder-carrying belt channel.

[0013] Preferably, the length of the sealing pressing block is greater than the length of the constraint explosion chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the driving mechanism, the explosion mechanism, the pressing wheel mechanism, the pressing block mechanism, the powder-carrying belt and the explosion chamber disc are all placed in a sealed container filled with argon medium.

[0015] The utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0016] By arranging a plurality of constrained explosion chambers on the disc, the utility model solves the problems that the existing equipment has only one explosion chamber, and continuous electro-explosion in the only explosion chamber causes serious ablation damage to the explosion chamber, and continuous explosion in the only explosion chamber causes excessive powder to adsorb on the wall of the explosion chamber, resulting in repeated electro-explosion; moreover, the shape of the explosion chamber can be used to better constrain the energy concentration and improve the electro-explosion effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the powder material of the utility model in the constrained explosion chamber;

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a sectional view taken along line A-A in;

[0020] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a sectional view taken along line B-B in;

[0021] Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view of the powder-carrying belt of the utility model.

[0022] DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0023] 1 - rotating shaft; 2 - pressure belt wheel shaft; 3 - pressure belt wheel; 4 - sealing pressure block; 5 - grounding electrode; 6 - constrained explosion chamber; 7 - high-voltage electrode; 8 - elastic support of the pressure block; 9 - support of the rotating shaft; 10 - elastic support of the pressure belt wheel; 11 - explosion chamber disc; 12 - powder-carrying belt channel; 13 - powder-carrying belt; 14 - powder material; C - energy storage capacitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] As Figure 1-5 shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution: a continuous preparation device for the powder-carrying constrained electro-explosion method, including a driving mechanism for driving the explosion chamber disc 11 to rotate, an explosion mechanism, a pressure belt wheel mechanism, and a pressure block mechanism for sealing and constraining the explosion chamber 6;

[0027] The driving mechanism includes a driving motor and a rotating shaft 1. The rotating shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the explosion chamber disk 11. The driving motor is connected to the rotating shaft 1 through a coupling to drive the movement of the rotating shaft 1. There are n constrained explosion chambers 6 formed on the explosion chamber disk 11, and the n constrained explosion chambers 6 are evenly distributed on the explosion chamber disk 11, where n is a positive integer greater than 1. The constrained explosion chamber 6 contracts symmetrically from the inside to the outside into a narrow opening to form an explosion nozzle, achieving different constrained energy focusing effects.

[0028] The explosion mechanism includes an energy storage capacitor C and multiple electrodes. The multiple electrodes are all embedded on the explosion chamber disk 11 and are located at the positions separated by the multiple constrained explosion chambers 6. The negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C are respectively connected to two electrodes on both sides of a constrained explosion chamber 6. The electrode connected to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor C is defined as the high-voltage electrode 7, and the electrode connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C is defined as the grounding electrode 5. Then, according to the connection relationship with the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C, the multiple electrodes can be used as either high-voltage electrodes or grounding electrodes.

[0029] In this embodiment, the positions of the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor C are fixed, and the multiple electrodes are sequentially connected to the energy storage capacitor C during the rotation of the explosion chamber disk 11.

[0030] An annular powder-carrying belt channel 12 is also formed on the explosion chamber disk 11. The powder-carrying belt channel 12 is concentric with the explosion chamber disk 11 and overlaps with the inner side of the constrained explosion chamber 6.

[0031] There are two sets of pressing belt wheel mechanisms, upper and lower. The lower pressing belt wheel mechanism is used to feed the powder-carrying belt 13 carrying the load powder material 14 into the powder-carrying belt channel 12 in the tangential direction, and the upper pressing belt wheel mechanism is used to send out the powder-carrying belt 13 after the electro-explosion method from the powder-carrying belt channel 12. The powder-carrying belt 13 carrying the powder material 14 moves synchronously with the explosion chamber disk 11 under the action of the friction force with the powder-carrying belt channel 12.

[0032] The pressing belt wheel mechanism includes a pressing belt wheel elastic support 10, a pressing belt wheel shaft 2, and a pressing belt wheel 3. The pressing belt wheel 3 is located above the powder-carrying belt channel 12. The pressing belt wheel 3 is fixedly connected to the pressing belt wheel shaft 2 by an interference fit. A rotating shaft support 9 is rotatably sleeved outside the rotating shaft 1. One end of the pressing belt wheel elastic support 10 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft support 9, and the other end of the pressing belt wheel elastic support 10 is connected to the pressing belt wheel shaft 2 through a bearing. The pressing belt wheel 3 is connected to the rotating shaft support 9 through the pressing belt wheel elastic support 10, and the pressing belt wheel 3 is pressed against the upper part of the powder-carrying belt channel 12 by the elastic force of the pressing belt wheel elastic support 10.

[0033] The briquetting mechanism includes a briquetting elastic support 8 and a sealing briquet 4. The powder-carrying belt 13 enters the confined explosion chamber 6 through the powder-carrying belt channel 12. One end of the briquetting elastic support 8 is fixedly installed on the rotary shaft support 9, and the sealing briquet 4 is fixedly installed on the other end of the briquetting elastic support 8. The sealing briquet 4 is located above the powder-carrying belt channel 12. The elastic force of the briquetting elastic support 8 acts on the sealing briquet 4, and the sealing briquet 4 squeezes and seals the inner side of the confined explosion chamber 6. The length of the sealing briquet 4 is greater than the length of the confined explosion chamber 6.

[0034] The driving mechanism, the explosion mechanism, the pressure belt wheel mechanism, the briquetting mechanism, the powder-carrying belt 13 and the explosion chamber disc 11 are all placed in a sealed container filled with argon medium.

[0035] In this embodiment, the high-voltage electrode 7 and the grounding electrode 5 are made of brass, and other materials with good electrical conductivity and capable of protecting the powder from contamination can also be used instead. For example, when using electro-exploded graphite powder, graphite electrodes can be used.

[0036] In this embodiment, the confined explosion chamber 6 is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material, and other materials with good insulation performance can also be selected.

[0037] In this embodiment, the number n of the confined explosion chambers 6 is 6.

[0038] The usage method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0039] Charge the energy storage capacitor C with voltage, start the driving motor, drive the rotary shaft 1 to rotate clockwise, and the explosion chamber disc 11 fixed to the rotary shaft 1 also rotates clockwise. The powder-carrying belt channel 12 on the explosion chamber disc 11 also rotates clockwise. The powder-carrying belt 13 carrying the load powder material 14 enters the powder-carrying belt channel 12 through the lower pressure belt wheel mechanism and rotates synchronously with the powder-carrying belt channel 12.

[0040] When the powder-carrying belt 13 carrying the load powder material 14 reaches between the two electrodes on both sides of the first confined explosion chamber 6, the two electrodes on both sides of the first confined explosion chamber 6 serve as the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode respectively, and are connected to the negative and positive poles of the energy storage capacitor C. The energy storage capacitor C releases high voltage in the first confined explosion chamber 6 through the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode, and introduces a large current into the powder material 14 in the first confined explosion chamber 6 in the form of gas gap discharge and an explosion occurs. The explosion products obtained by the explosion are directionally sprayed into the sealed container filled with argon medium through the nozzle under the restraint of the first confined explosion chamber 6, forming a nanomaterial aerosol; the first confined explosion chamber 6 is the first confined explosion chamber 6 that undergoes electro-explosion among the n confined explosion chambers 6.

[0041] Next, the powder tape 13 carrying the powder material 14 reaches between two electrodes on both sides of the second confined explosion chamber 6. The two electrodes on both sides of the second confined explosion chamber 6 serve as the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode respectively, and are connected to the negative and positive electrodes of the energy storage capacitor C. The high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode release a high voltage in the second confined explosion chamber 6, and a large current is introduced into the powder material 14 in the second confined explosion chamber 6 in the mode of gas gap discharge to cause an explosion. The explosion products obtained from the explosion are directionally ejected from the nozzle into the sealed container of the argon medium through the confinement of the second confined explosion chamber 6 to form a nano-material aerosol; the second confined explosion chamber 6 is the second confined explosion chamber 6 that undergoes an electric explosion among the n confined explosion chambers 6, and the first confined explosion chamber 6 is adjacent to the second confined explosion chamber 6.

[0042] Following the same operation of sequential electric explosion, the powder tape 13 carrying the powder material 14 subsequently reaches between two electrodes on both sides of the third confined explosion chamber 6, the fourth confined explosion chamber 6, etc., until between two electrodes on both sides of the nth confined explosion chamber 6. An electric explosion occurs in the nth confined explosion chamber 6 to form a nano-material aerosol from the powder material 14. After all the confined explosion chambers 6 on the explosion chamber disc 11 have completed one electric explosion, the first confined explosion chamber 6 starts the next round of electric explosion in a cycle. Finally, until all the powder material 14 on the powder tape 13 has completed the electric explosion and is exhausted, the driving motor is turned off; the nth confined explosion chamber 6 is the last confined explosion chamber 6 that undergoes an electric explosion among the n confined explosion chambers 6, and the nth confined explosion chamber 6 is adjacent to the first confined explosion chamber 6.

[0043] The powder tape 13 that has completed the electric explosion is sent out from the powder tape channel 12 through the upper tape pressing wheel mechanism.

[0044] During the above process of electric explosion of the powder material 14, the electric explosion behavior is completed instantaneously, and the driving motor has been in a uniform rotation state all the time, without the need to decelerate or stop at the moment of explosion; the driving motor used is a DC reduction motor, but not limited to this, and a driving component with the same driving effect can be used instead.

[0045] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A continuous preparation device for on-load powder-constrained electro-explosion method, characterized in that: It includes a driving mechanism for driving the rotation of the explosion chamber disc (11), an explosion mechanism, a pressure belt wheel mechanism, and a pressing block mechanism for sealing and constraining the explosion chamber (6); The driving mechanism includes a driving motor and a rotating shaft (1). The rotating shaft (1) is fixedly connected to the explosion chamber disc (11). The driving motor is connected to the rotating shaft (1) through a coupling to drive the movement of the rotating shaft (1). There are n explosion chambers (6) provided, and the n explosion chambers (6) are evenly distributed on the explosion chamber disc (11), where n is a positive integer greater than 1; The explosion mechanism includes an energy storage capacitor (C) and multiple electrodes. The multiple electrodes are all embedded on the explosion chamber disc (11) and are respectively located at the mutually separated positions of the multiple explosion chambers (6). The negative electrode and the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor (C) are respectively connected to two electrodes on both sides of one explosion chamber for releasing high voltage in the explosion chamber during electric explosion; An annular powder-carrying belt channel (12) is also provided on the explosion chamber disc (11). There are two sets of upper and lower pressure belt wheel mechanisms. The lower pressure belt wheel mechanism is used to feed the powder-carrying belt (13) carrying the load powder material (14) into the powder-carrying belt channel (12) in the tangential direction, and the upper pressure belt wheel mechanism is used to send out the powder-carrying belt (13) after electric explosion from the powder-carrying belt channel (12); The powder-carrying belt channel (12) is concentric with the explosion chamber disc (11) and overlaps with the inner side of the explosion chamber (6); The pressing block mechanism includes a pressing block elastic support (8) and a sealing pressing block (4). The powder-carrying belt (13) enters the explosion chamber (6) through the powder-carrying belt channel (12). One end of the pressing block elastic support (8) is fixed on the rotating shaft support (9). The rotating shaft support (9) is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft (1). The sealing pressing block (4) is fixedly installed at the other end of the pressing block elastic support (8). The sealing pressing block (4) is located above the powder-carrying belt channel (12). The elastic force of the pressing block elastic support (8) acts on the sealing pressing block (4), and the sealing pressing block (4) squeezes and seals the inner side of the explosion chamber (6); The explosion chamber (6) symmetrically contracts from the inside to the outside into a narrow opening to form an explosion nozzle.

2. The continuous preparation device for on-load powder-constrained electric explosion method according to claim 1, wherein, The pressure belt wheel mechanism includes a pressure belt wheel elastic support (10), a pressure belt wheel shaft (2), and a pressure belt wheel (3). The pressure belt wheel (3) is located above the powder-carrying belt channel (12). The pressure belt wheel (3) is fixedly connected to the pressure belt wheel shaft (2) by an interference fit. One end of the pressure belt wheel elastic support (10) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft support (9). The other end of the pressure belt wheel elastic support (10) is connected to the pressure belt wheel shaft (2) through a bearing. The pressure belt wheel (3) is connected to the rotating shaft support (9) through the pressure belt wheel elastic support (10), and the pressure belt wheel (3) is pressed firmly above the powder-carrying belt channel (12) by the elastic force of the pressure belt wheel elastic support (10).

3. The continuous preparation device for the on-load powder-constrained electric explosion method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The powder-carrying belt (13) loaded with the powder material (14) moves synchronously with the explosion chamber disc (11) under the action of the friction force of the powder-carrying belt channel (12).

4. The continuous preparation device for the powder-constrained electro-explosion method with load according to claim 1, wherein The length of the sealing press block (4) is greater than the length of the confined explosion chamber (6).

5. The continuous preparation device for the powder-constrained electro-explosion method with load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism, the explosion mechanism, the pressure belt wheel mechanism, the press block mechanism, the powder-carrying belt (13) and the explosion chamber disc (11) are all placed in a sealed container filled with argon medium.

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