Cutting torch

Abstract

The utility model provides a cutting torch, which belongs to the technical field of laser cutting and comprises a body and a combustion-supporting structure, a first circulation channel is arranged in the body, the combustion-supporting structure is sleeved on the periphery of the body, a second circulation channel is formed between the combustion-supporting structure and the body, and fuel gas and combustion-supporting materials enter the second circulation channel through a buffer cavity firstly and then enter the second circulation channel. The buffer cavity can effectively reduce the pressure of the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting substance, the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting substance are mixed more sufficiently, the final combustion efficiency is guaranteed, and therefore the cutting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of laser cutting, and particularly relates to a cutting nozzle. Background Art

[0002] The metal hot cutting technology using laser, plasma, and flame as heat sources is a very widely used thermal processing technology in the field of metal component manufacturing, and is widely applied in fields such as machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding, automobiles, aerospace, and railway transportation.

[0003] Among them, laser cutting technology is widely used in the cutting of various metal thin plate materials due to its characteristics such as fast cutting speed, high precision, good quality, and small heat affected zone. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of technology maturity and the continuous decline of equipment prices, laser cutting technology and equipment are continuously squeezing the markets of plasma cutting and flame cutting with their high efficiency and high quality characteristics.

[0004] However, in the cutting of thick metal plates (thickness greater than 30 mm), laser cutting technology has disadvantages such as high laser power requirements, low cutting efficiency, and high equipment costs. In the prior art, in order to improve the laser cutting efficiency and the maximum cutting thickness, a combustion-supporting substance is mixed in the laser cutting process to improve the cutting efficiency. However, in the prior art, since the mixed combustion-supporting substances are all in a high-pressure state, the combustion-supporting substances in the high-pressure state cannot be fully mixed with the laser, resulting in low utilization rate of the combustion-supporting substances and causing unnecessary waste.

[0005] Therefore, those skilled in the art still need to further conduct research to obtain a cutting nozzle with higher cutting efficiency and higher utilization rate of combustion-supporting substances. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defect of low utilization rate of combustion-supporting substances in the prior art, so as to provide a cutting nozzle.

[0007] The utility model provides a cutting nozzle, comprising:

[0008] A body with a first flow channel arranged inside; the first flow channel is adapted to be connected to a laser and an oxygen delivery device;

[0009] A combustion-supporting structure sleeved on the outer periphery of the body, and a second flow channel is formed between the combustion-supporting structure and the body; the second flow channel is adapted to allow a combustible gas and a combustion-supporting substance to flow through;

[0010] A buffer cavity is arranged between the body and the combustion-supporting structure, and the buffer cavity is adapted to be connected to the second flow channel, and the combustible gas and the combustion-supporting substance enter the second flow channel through the buffer cavity.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the body further includes:

[0012] A through-hole structure that penetrates the body along the length direction of the body; the through-hole structure communicates with the second flow channel through the buffer cavity.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the through-hole structure includes a connecting through-hole and a flow-through through-hole arranged in sequence along the direction of fuel flow in the first flow channel; the connecting through-hole is adapted to be connected to the auxiliary combustion device.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the diameter of the flow-through through-hole is larger than the diameter of the connecting through-hole.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the cross-sectional area of the buffer cavity (4) gradually decreases along the flow direction.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the cross-sectional area of the first flow channel gradually decreases along the direction of material flow.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the body further includes:

[0018] An accelerating part, which is arranged at the inner wall of the first flow channel near the output end; the accelerating part extends in a direction away from the inner wall of the first flow channel.

[0019] As a preferred solution, the cross-sectional area of the end of the accelerating part near the mixing area gradually increases along the direction of material flow.

[0020] As a preferred solution, the body is fixedly connected to the combustion assisting structure.

[0021] As a preferred solution, the combustion assisting substance includes oxygen.

[0022] The technical solution of the present utility model has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. A cutting nozzle provided by the present utility model includes: a body, a combustion assisting structure, and a buffer cavity. A first flow channel is arranged inside the body. The combustion assisting structure is sleeved on the outer periphery of the body, and a second flow channel is formed between the combustion assisting structure and the body. Gas and the combustion assisting substance will first enter the second flow channel through the buffer cavity. The buffer cavity can effectively reduce the pressure of the gas and the combustion assisting substance, and make the gas and the combustion assisting substance mix more fully, ensuring the final combustion efficiency, thereby improving the cutting efficiency.

[0024] 2. A cutting nozzle provided by the present utility model, the body further includes a through-hole structure, and the through-hole structure communicates with the second flow channel. The combustion assisting substance is introduced into the second flow channel through the through-hole structure.

[0025] 3. A cutting nozzle provided by the present utility model further has a buffer cavity. The buffer cavity is arranged between the through-hole structure and the second flow channel. Generally, the pressure of the combustion-supporting gas in the combustion-supporting device is relatively high, so the flow rate of the combustion-supporting gas entering the through-hole structure is too high. By introducing the combustion-supporting gas into the buffer chamber, the flow rate of the combustion-supporting gas is reduced.

[0026] 4. A cutting nozzle provided by the present utility model, the body further has an accelerating part. By providing the accelerating part, the cross-sectional area of the first flow channel is further reduced, and the flow rate of the substance in the first flow channel is further increased.

[0027] 5. A cutting nozzle provided by the present utility model, the cross-sectional area of the end of the accelerating part close to the mixing area gradually increases. By increasing the cross-sectional area of the end of the first flow channel, the flow rate and the flow amount of the substance in the first flow channel entering the mixing area can be increased, so as to provide sufficient gas flow for cutting and increase the shearing force on the molten metal in the cut seam. Description of the Drawings

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cutting nozzle provided by the present utility model.

[0030] Description of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings

[0031] 1. Body; 11. First flow channel; 12. Through-hole structure; 121. Connecting through-hole; 122. Flow-through through-hole; 13. Accelerating part; 2. Combustion-supporting structure; 21. Second flow channel; 3. Mixing area; 4. Buffer cavity. Detailed Embodiments

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present utility model with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present utility model belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0034] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0036] As Figure 1 described, the present embodiment provides a cutting nozzle. The cutting nozzle includes a body 1 and a combustion assisting structure 2. A first flow channel 11 is arranged inside the body 1, and the first flow channel 11 is adapted to be connected to a laser and a fuel gas. The combustion assisting structure 2 is sleeved outside the body 1, and a second flow channel 21 is formed between the combustion assisting structure 2 and the body 1. The second flow channel 21 is adapted to allow a combustion assisting substance and a fuel gas to flow through. The combustion assisting structure 2 extends along the length direction of the body 1. A buffer cavity 4 is arranged between the body 1 and the combustion assisting structure 2, and the buffer cavity 4 is adapted to be connected to the second flow channel 21. The fuel gas and the combustion assisting substance enter the second flow channel 21 through the buffer cavity 4.

[0037] The fuel gas and the combustion assisting substance will first enter the second flow channel 21 through the buffer cavity 4. The buffer cavity 4 can effectively reduce the pressure of the fuel gas and the combustion assisting substance, thereby reducing the flow rate of the fuel gas and the combustion assisting substance, and making the fuel gas and the combustion assisting substance mix more fully, ensuring the final combustion efficiency, and thus improving the cutting efficiency.

[0038] The length of the combustion assisting structure 2 is longer than that of the body 1. A mixing zone 3 is formed between the combustion assisting structure 2 and the body 1 and between the combustion assisting structure 2 and the end of the body 1. Through the mixing zone 3, the laser in the first flow channel 11 can be mixed with high-pressure oxygen and the combustion assisting substance in the second flow channel 21. Compared with the prior art without the mixing zone 3, the mixing zone 3 provided in this solution can mix the combustion assisting substance and oxygen more fully, further improving the combustion efficiency, and thus improving the cutting efficiency.

[0039] It should be noted that the output end is the end close to the mixing zone 3.

[0040] It should be noted that during the actual use of this embodiment, laser and high-pressure oxygen are introduced into the first flow channel 11 inside the body 1, and a combustion-supporting substance is mixed with the fuel gas at the end of the body 1 to increase the efficiency of the laser cutting process.

[0041] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the combustion-supporting structure 2 and the body 1 can be fixedly connected by welding. As an alternative embodiment, the combustion-supporting structure 2 and the body 1 can also be connected by bonding, and can be hermetically connected through physical cooperation such as bolts.

[0042] It should be noted that in the prior art without the mixing zone 3, the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting substance are generally mixed and burned in the external environment, and are easily affected by external environmental factors. When there is an interfering wind outside, it is extremely easy to cause the combustion-supporting substance to be dispersed or deviate from the target, resulting in low combustion efficiency and affecting the cutting efficiency.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the combustion-supporting substance includes oxygen.

[0044] Furthermore, the body 1 further includes a through-hole structure 12. The through-hole structure 12 penetrates the body 1 along the length direction of the body 1. The through-hole structure 12 is communicated with the second flow channel 21, and the second flow channel 21 is connected to the combustion-supporting device storage through the through-hole structure 12, avoiding additional openings on the combustion-supporting structure 2, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the second flow channel 21. Specifically, the through-hole structure 12 includes a connecting through-hole 121 and a flowing through-hole 122 arranged in sequence along the flowing direction of the oxygen in the first channel; the connecting through-hole 121 is adapted to be connected to the combustion-supporting device storage. Specifically, the combustion-supporting device storage is generally connected to the connecting through-hole 121 through a pipeline. In this embodiment, the pipeline is inserted into the connecting through-hole 121 and sealed with sealant. As an alternative embodiment, the pipeline and the connecting through-hole 121 are threadedly connected. External threads are provided on the outer surface of the pipeline, and internal threads are provided on the inner surface of the connecting through-hole 121. After threaded connection, sealant is used for sealing.

[0045] Specifically, the diameter of the flow through-hole 122 is larger than that of the connection through-hole 121. It should be noted that the diameters of the flow through-hole 122 and the connection through-hole 121 are related to the ratio of the input combustion-supporting gas and the fuel gas, and this ratio is related to the molar mass corresponding to the combustion reaction. Since the combustion-supporting gas in the combustion-supporting gas storage device generally has a relatively high pressure, when the combustion-supporting gas with a large pressure finally mixes with the fuel gas, because the combustion-supporting gas with a high flow rate has a high flow rate in the mixing zone 3, it is easy to cause the phenomenon of insufficient mixing. Therefore, increasing the diameter of the flow through-hole 122 can reduce the pressure of the combustion-supporting gas and ensure the mixing effect in the mixing zone 3.

[0046] Further, the cutting nozzle further includes a buffer cavity 4. The buffer cavity 4 is arranged between the through-hole structure 12 and the second flow channel 21. The buffer space has the function of reducing the flow rate of the combustion-supporting gas. Since the combustion-supporting gas in the combustion-supporting gas storage device generally has a relatively high pressure, the flow rate into the through-hole structure 12 is too large. By introducing the combustion-supporting gas into the buffer cavity, when the high-pressure gas enters a space with a larger volume, its pressure decreases and thus the gas flow rate decreases. By providing the buffer cavity, the flow rate of the combustion-supporting gas can be reduced.

[0047] Further, by providing the buffer cavity 4, the influence of the fluctuation of the input air pressure on cutting can also be alleviated.

[0048] Further, the cross-sectional area of the buffer cavity 4 gradually decreases along the flow direction. The fuel gas and the combustion-supporting substance first enter the buffer cavity 4 and their flow rates are reduced. In order to make the mixing efficiency of the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting substance with the laser optimal, the flow rates of the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting substance and the laser should be kept the same or in a certain ratio. Therefore, by changing the cross-sectional area of the buffer cavity 4, the flow rates of the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting substance are controlled to ensure the final combustion efficiency.

[0049] Further, the cross-sectional area of the first flow channel 11 gradually decreases along the direction of the material flow. Specifically, the first flow channel 11 gradually narrows along the direction of the material flow, which has the function of increasing the material flow rate. In this embodiment, the first flow channel 11 includes a first partial channel and a second partial channel along the air flow direction. The diameter of the first partial channel is larger than that of the second partial channel, and a funnel shape is designed between the first partial channel and the second partial channel, so that the air flow smoothly enters the second partial channel from the first partial channel.

[0050] Further, the main body 1 further includes an accelerating portion 13 which is arranged at the inner wall of the first flow passage 11 close to the mixing zone 3 and extends in the direction towards the inner wall of the first flow passage 11. The first flow passage 11 further includes a third partial passage which is formed by the inner wall of the accelerating portion 13. The diameter of the third partial passage is smaller than that of the second partial passage, and a funnel shape is designed between the second partial passage and the third partial passage. The air flow passing through the funnel gradually and smoothly enters the third partial passage from the second partial passage and increases the flow velocity of the air flow. By providing the accelerating portion 13, the flow velocity of the air flow in the first flow passage 11 is further increased.

[0051] It should be noted that the shape of the combustion assisting structure 2 contracts synchronously with the contraction of the main body 1 along the length direction.

[0052] Further, the cross-sectional area of the accelerating portion 13 gradually increases along the direction of the material flow at the end close to the mixing zone 3. By performing a gradually expanding treatment at the end of the accelerating portion 13, the material flow rate and flow velocity entering the mixing zone 3 are increased, ensuring the mixing effect in the mixing zone 3.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom still fall within the protection scope of the creation of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cutting nozzle, characterized in that, Comprising: A body (1) with a first flow channel (11) provided inside; the first flow channel (11) is adapted to be connected to a laser and an oxygen delivery device; A combustion assisting structure (2) sleeved on the outer periphery of the body (1), and a second flow channel (21) is formed between the combustion assisting structure (2) and the body (1); the second flow channel (21) is adapted to allow a combustible gas and a combustion assisting substance to flow through; A buffer cavity (4) is provided between the body (1) and the combustion assisting structure (2), and the buffer cavity (4) is adapted to be connected to the second flow channel (21), and the combustible gas and the combustion assisting substance enter the second flow channel (21) through the buffer cavity (4).

2. The cutting nozzle according to claim 1, wherein, The body (1) further comprises: A through-hole structure (12) penetrating the body (1) along the length direction of the body (1); the through-hole structure (12) is connected to the second flow channel (21) through the buffer cavity (4).

3. The cutting nozzle according to claim 2, wherein, The through-hole structure (12) comprises a connecting through-hole (121) and a flow through-hole (122) arranged in sequence along the flowing direction of the fuel in the first flow channel (11); the connecting through-hole (121) is adapted to be connected to a combustion assisting device.

4. The cutting nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the flow through-hole (122) is larger than the diameter of the connecting through-hole (121).

5. The cutting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of the buffer cavity (4) gradually decreases along the flowing direction.

6. The cutting nozzle according to claim 1, wherein The cross-sectional area of the first flow channel (11) along the flowing direction of the substance shows a decreasing trend.

7. The cutting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The body (1) further comprises: An accelerating part (13) arranged at the inner wall of the first flow channel (11) near the output end; the accelerating part (13) extends in a direction away from the inner wall of the first flow channel (11).

8. The cutting nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of the end part of the accelerating part (13) near the output end gradually increases along the flowing direction of the substance.

9. The cutting nozzle according to claim 1, wherein, The body (1) is fixedly connected to the combustion assisting structure (2).

10. The cutting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion assisting substance includes oxygen.

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