Completely symmetrical box type moving structure applied to five-axis gantry machining center and gantry machining center
Through the symmetric box structure design, the problem of insufficient rigidity and thermal deformation of the gantry machining center is solved, high-precision and stable processing effect are achieved, and the service life of the machine tool is extended.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421873126.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-02
AI Technical Summary
The beams, slip saddles and slip pillow structures of the existing gantry machining center are arranged on one side, resulting in insufficient rigidity and large thermal deformation, which affects processing accuracy and stability, and is greatly affected by changes in ambient temperature.
It adopts a completely symmetrical box structure, including square sliding pillows, sliding saddles, cross beams, Y-axis guide rails, Z-axis screw transmission system and Z-axis guide rails. Through symmetrically arranged guide rails and guide rail slides, the symmetrical movement of sliding pillows and sliding saddles is achieved, reducing deformation and thermal deformation, and improving rigidity and stability.
It improves the machining accuracy and stability of the machine tool, reduces thermal deformation, extends service life, and meets the needs of high-speed cutting.
Smart Images
Figure CN223070909U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gantry machining, and specifically, to a fully symmetrical box-type moving structure and a gantry machining center applied to a five-axis gantry machining center. Background Art
[0002] As important force-bearing components in a gantry machining center, during machining, the ram needs to bear the cutting force transmitted by the tool. In addition to bearing the cutting force transmitted by the tool through the ram, the saddle also needs to bear the gravity of the ram and itself. Therefore, the saddle and ram need to bear very complex loads. To meet the machining requirements, the key structural components in this part must have sufficient strength, controllable symmetrical deformation, and suppression of resonance and control of vibration effects.
[0003] In the main gantry machining centers on the market at present, the layout methods of the above three main structural components, namely the crossbeam and the saddle, and the saddle and the ram, are all single-sided hanging layout methods, that is, the saddle is hung on the crossbeam, and the ram is semi-surrounded and hung on the saddle. The structural form is single and the rigidity is insufficient. Due to structural problems, large thermal deformations will occur, and at the same time, torsional deformations caused by load eccentricities. The fully symmetrical box-type structure designed in this patent solves these problems, with higher precision, higher strength, and greater stability.
[0004] At present, the common ram of a gantry machine tool adopts a structure that is hung on the crossbeam. The center of the machine tool spindle will change with the ambient temperature due to the change of the workshop ambient temperature, resulting in thermal displacement (center deviation), reducing the machining accuracy of the machine tool. In addition, in the traditional driving method, due to the asymmetry of the driving component structure, it is greatly affected by thermal deformation, which further affects the stability of the five-axis CNC machine tool. In this patent, for the structures of each casting, the driving layout, the installation method, and the supporting systems such as guide rails, lead screws, and racks, a completely symmetrical layout method in the X / Y two directions is adopted to fully reduce the asymmetry of the deformation stress on the machine tool caused by the asymmetry of the structure and layout method, and avoid the adverse effects caused by this problem. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a fully symmetrical box-type moving structure and a gantry machining center applied to a five-axis gantry machining center.
[0006] According to a fully symmetrical box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center provided by the utility model, it includes a square ram, a saddle, a crossbeam, a Y-axis guide rail, a Z-axis screw drive system, and a Z-axis guide rail. The square ram is connected to the saddle through the Z-axis screw drive system and the Z-axis guide rail, and the saddle is slidably connected to the crossbeam through the Y-axis guide rail;
[0007] On both sides of the square ram, a Z-axis screw drive system and Z-axis guide rails are respectively installed. The Z-axis guide rails are connected to the saddle. The square ram slides in the Z-axis direction on the saddle through the Z-axis guide rails. The saddle drives the square ram to slide in the Y-axis direction on the Y-axis guide rails, and the crossbeam drives the whole to move in the X-axis direction.
[0008] In some embodiments, the crossbeam is a rectangular box-type fully symmetric frame structure, and horizontal and vertical reinforcing ribs are arranged inside the crossbeam.
[0009] In some embodiments, the saddle is a square box-type fully symmetric casting, and reinforcing ribs are designed both inside and outside the saddle.
[0010] In some embodiments, the square ram, the saddle, and the crossbeam form a closed frame with a fully symmetric box-type structure inside.
[0011] In some embodiments, multiple Y-axis guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the crossbeam.
[0012] In some embodiments, Y-axis guide rail sliders are provided on the Y-axis guide rails, and the Y-axis guide rail sliders are connected to the outer side surface of the saddle.
[0013] In some embodiments, Z-axis guide rail sliders are provided on the Z-axis guide rails, and the Z-axis guide rail sliders are connected to the inner side surface of the saddle.
[0014] In some embodiments, slide seats are provided at the bottoms of both ends of the crossbeam, slide seat sliders are installed at the bottoms of the slide seats, and the crossbeam moves in the X-axis direction through the slide seats.
[0015] In some embodiments, balance cylinders are respectively provided on both sides of the square ram.
[0016] The present utility model also provides a gantry machining center, including a fully symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] (1) By adopting a symmetric box structure, the spindle is located at the center of the crossbeam and the saddle, and the center of gravity of the spindle is close to the center of gravity of the whole machine, thereby reducing the vibration of the machine tool, avoiding resonance, greatly improving the rigidity of the spindle, having a compact structure and high stability;
[0019] (2) By adopting a symmetric structure design, the machine is not easily affected by adverse environmental conditions. Even after long-term use, the thermal deformation will be minimized, ensuring more stable high precision within a longer working time;
[0020] (3) By adopting a four-group Y-axis guide rail method, the guide rails on the X / Y plane and the Y / Z plane can support the ram and the saddle to optimize the dynamic characteristics and have uniform force;
[0021] (4) By adopting the method of equipping four Z-axis guide rails on both sides of the square ram, the same cutting force is borne on each side, and the balanced design will improve the service life and accuracy of the machine;
[0022] (5) By adopting the Z-axis lead screw drive system and the balance cylinder, the structure is stable and is used to meet the purpose of high-speed cutting. Description of the Drawings
[0023] By reading the following detailed description of the non-restrictive embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent:
[0024] Figure 1 The front view of Embodiment 1;
[0025] Figure 2 The side view of Embodiment 1;
[0026] Figure 3 The top view of Embodiment 1;
[0027] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2.
[0028] Reference numerals in the drawings:
[0029] Square ram 1, saddle 2, crossbeam 3, Y-axis guide rail 4, slide base 5, Z-axis lead screw drive system 6, Z-axis guide rail 7. Detailed Embodiments
[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
[0031] Example 1
[0032] According to a fully symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center provided by the present invention, as Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, it includes a square ram 1, a saddle 2, a crossbeam 3, a Y-axis guide rail 4, a Z-axis screw drive system 6, and a Z-axis guide rail 7. The square ram 1 is connected to the saddle 2 through the Z-axis screw drive system 6 and the Z-axis guide rail 7, and the saddle 2 is slidably connected to the crossbeam 3 through the Y-axis guide rail 4. Two sets of Z-axis screw drive systems 6 and four groups of Z-axis guide rails 7 are respectively installed on both sides of the square ram 1. The Z-axis guide rails 7 are connected to the saddle 2, and the same cutting force is borne on each side. The balance design will improve the service life and accuracy of the machine. Preferably, balance cylinders are respectively provided on both sides of the square ram 1, with a stable structure, for the purpose of meeting high-speed cutting.
[0033] The saddle 2 is a box-shaped and completely symmetric casting. Reinforcing ribs are designed both inside and outside the saddle 2, and the structural form is a symmetric structure. Two Z-axis guide rail sliders are provided on each group of Z-axis guide rails 7, and screw holes for installing the Z-axis guide rail sliders are respectively machined on the inner side surfaces of the saddle 2. The Z-axis guide rail sliders are connected to the inner side surfaces of the saddle 2. The crossbeam 3 is a rectangular box-type and completely symmetric frame structure, and horizontal and vertical reinforcing ribs are arranged inside the crossbeam 3. Four groups of Y-axis guide rails 4 are symmetrically arranged on the crossbeam 3. The guide rails on the X / Y plane and the Y / Z plane support the ram and the saddle, which can optimize the dynamic characteristics and make the force evenly distributed. Two groups of Y-axis guide rails 4 are located inside the upper part of the crossbeam 3, and 3 Y-axis guide rail sliders are provided on each group of Y-axis guide rails 4; the other two groups of Y-axis guide rails 4 are located inside the lower part of the crossbeam 3, and 2 Y-axis guide rail sliders are provided on each group of Y-axis guide rails 4; screw holes for installing the Y-axis guide rail sliders are machined on the outer side surfaces of the saddle 2, and the Y-axis guide rail sliders are connected to the outer side surfaces of the saddle 2. The square ram 1, the saddle 2, and the crossbeam 3 form a closed frame with a completely symmetric box structure inside, which is beneficial to improving the rigidity of the overall box structure. Sliding seats 5 are provided at the bottoms of both ends of the crossbeam 3, and sliding seat sliders are installed at the bottoms of the sliding seats 5. The overall box structure moves in the X-axis direction through the sliding seats 5.
[0034] Working principle: The square ram 1 slides in the Z-axis direction on the saddle 2 through the Z-axis guide rail 7, the saddle 2 drives the square ram 1 to slide in the Y-axis direction on the Y-axis guide rail 4, and the crossbeam 3 drives the whole to move in the X-axis direction through the sliding seats 5.
[0035] More specifically, the square ram 1 is driven by servo motors on both the left and right sides and is connected to the Z-axis lead screw drive system 6 to achieve the movement of the Z-axis of the machine tool, with symmetric drive on both sides. Balancing cylinders are respectively arranged on the other two sides to balance the weight of most of the moving parts of the square ram 1. This structure can not only ensure the fast and stable operation of the square ram 1 but also minimize the deformation of the saddle 2 to the greatest extent. The main function of the saddle 2 is to connect the crossbeam 3 and the square ram 1, drive the square ram 1 to move, and achieve the movement of the Y-axis of the machine tool. That is, under the drive of the symmetrically arranged servo motors on both the left and right sides, the saddle 2 drives the square ram 1 to move along the Y-axis guide 4 within the crossbeam 3 through the rack and pinion transmission. Through the layout of the Y-axis guide 4 and various parts on the crossbeam 3, it plays a common supporting role, making full use of the overall rigidity of the crossbeam 3 and ensuring uniform stress on the crossbeam 3. Finally, the function of the carriage 5 is to drive the overall completely symmetric box structure to move along the X-axis.
[0036] Example 2
[0037] The present utility model also provides a gantry machining center, as Figure 4 shown, including a completely symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center.
[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
[0039] The specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above. It should be understood that the present utility model is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present utility model. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other.
Claims
1. A completely symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center, characterized in that, It includes a square ram (1), a saddle (2), a crossbeam (3), a Y-axis guide rail (4), a Z-axis screw drive system (6), and a Z-axis guide rail (7). The square ram (1) is connected to the saddle (2) through the Z-axis screw drive system (6) and the Z-axis guide rail (7), and the saddle (2) is slidably connected to the crossbeam (3) through the Y-axis guide rail (4). The Z-axis screw drive system (6) and the Z-axis guide rail (7) are respectively installed on both sides of the square ram (1). The Z-axis guide rail (7) is connected to the saddle (2). The square ram (1) slides in the Z-axis direction on the saddle (2) through the Z-axis guide rail (7). The saddle (2) drives the square ram (1) to slide in the Y-axis direction on the Y-axis guide rail (4), and the crossbeam (3) drives the whole to move in the X-axis direction.
2. The fully symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center according to claim 1, wherein, The crossbeam (3) is a rectangular box-type completely symmetric frame structure, and horizontal and vertical stiffeners are arranged inside the crossbeam (3).
3. The fully symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center according to claim 2, wherein, The saddle (2) is a box-type completely symmetric casting, and stiffeners are designed both inside and outside the saddle (2).
4. The fully symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center according to claim 3, wherein The square ram (1), the saddle (2), and the crossbeam (3) form a closed frame with a completely symmetric box-type structure inside.
5. The fully symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center according to claim 2, wherein A plurality of the Y-axis guide rails (4) are symmetrically arranged on the crossbeam (3).
6. The fully symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center according to claim 5, wherein, Y-axis guide rail sliders are provided on the Y-axis guide rail (4), and the Y-axis guide rail sliders are connected to the outer side surface of the saddle (2).
7. The fully symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, Z-axis guide rail sliders are provided on the Z-axis guide rail (7), and the Z-axis guide rail sliders are connected to the inner side surface of the saddle (2).
8. The fully symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sliding seats (5) are provided at the bottoms of both ends of the crossbeam (3), and sliding seat sliders are installed at the bottoms of the sliding seats (5). The crossbeam (3) moves in the X-axis direction through the sliding seats (5).
9. The fully symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, Balance cylinders are respectively provided on both sides of the square ram (1).
10. A gantry machining center, characterized in that, It includes the completely symmetric box-type moving structure applied to a five-axis gantry machining center according to any one of claims 1-9.