Self-centering tool rest

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool equipment, and discloses a self-centering tool rest which comprises a sliding plate and a tool mounting table arranged on the sliding plate and used for mounting a tool, and the sliding plate is provided with a cutting position directly facing the tool and a rolling jacking mechanism used for counteracting cutting force of the tool. The rolling jacking mechanism comprises a jacking part, a rolling jacking part and a first driving assembly, wherein the jacking part is arranged on the sliding plate and moves in the radial direction of the workpiece at the position right opposite to the cutter installing table, the rolling jacking part is arranged on the end face, right opposite to the cutter installing table, of the jacking part, can be close to the workpiece and is right opposite to the cutter to abut against the workpiece, and the first driving assembly drives the jacking part to be close to or away from the workpiece. According to the self-centering tool rest in the scheme, when a tool cuts a workpiece, the axis of the workpiece can be effectively prevented from deviating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool equipment, in particular to a self-centering tool rest. Background Art

[0002] A lathe is a common machine tool that processes workpieces by removing materials. Most of the parts processed by a lathe are rotating workpieces. The existing lathe structure can refer to a lathe disclosed in a Chinese patent with a publication number of CN204221014U. The lathe includes a bed, one end of the bed is provided with a spindle and a driving mechanism that drives the spindle to rotate, the spindle is provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping the workpiece, and the bed is provided with a tool holder. The tool holder includes a sliding plate and a first driving mechanism that drives the sliding plate to guide and slide along the axial direction of the workpiece. The tool holder also includes a tool mounting table arranged on the sliding plate and a second driving mechanism that drives the tool mounting table to guide and slide along the radial direction of the workpiece. A tool is installed on the tool mounting table. A sliding table that can guide and slide close to the workpiece is also provided at the end of the bed away from the spindle. The sliding table can be installed with a limiting component for supporting or clamping the end of the workpiece, and can also be installed with a drill bit for drilling.

[0003] When clamping the workpiece, the worker needs to align the axis of the workpiece with the axis of the spindle to reduce the deviation of the workpiece when it rotates. When the tool cuts along the radial direction of the workpiece, the second drive mechanism drives the tool to press against the surface of the workpiece and continuously pushes toward the axis of the workpiece with a certain cutting force for cutting. During this process, the workpiece is always subjected to the cutting force in the same direction. The cutting force can not only remove the material on the part, but also cause the axis to shift. If the tool is processed near the clamping mechanism of the workpiece, the offset generated is less than the tolerance range and can be ignored. However, as the processing position moves away from the clamping mechanism, the offset will gradually increase to exceed the tolerance range, which will cause the part size to be unqualified. Although the existing machine tools can clamp the workpiece by positioning at both ends to reduce the deviation caused by cutting, when processing long-axis workpieces such as screws or drive shafts that have high coaxiality requirements, the closer the position on the workpiece is to the middle, the weaker the resistance to the tool cutting force. Therefore, the closer the axis of the workpiece is to the middle, the easier it is to shift during cutting. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcoming of existing lathes that when processing long shaft parts, the closer the workpiece is to the middle, the more likely it is to be offset by the cutting force of the tool. The purpose of the utility model is to provide a self-centering tool holder that can effectively reduce the offset of the workpiece axis when the tool cuts the workpiece.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A self-centering tool holder comprises a sliding plate and a tool mounting table arranged on the sliding plate for mounting a tool, the sliding plate is provided with a rolling pressing mechanism facing the cutting position of the tool and used to offset the cutting force of the tool, the rolling pressing mechanism comprises a supporting component arranged on the sliding plate facing the tool mounting table and moving along the radial direction of the workpiece, a rolling pressing component arranged on the end face of the supporting component facing the tool mounting table and approaching the workpiece at the same time as the tool and pressing against the workpiece facing the tool, and a first driving component driving the supporting component to approach or move away from the workpiece.

[0007] By adopting the above scheme, when the tool cuts the workpiece, the rolling pressing mechanism can support the workpiece from the other side of the tool to resist the cutting force, reduce the impact of the cutting force on the workpiece, and thus reduce the offset of the workpiece axis. Since the sliding plate is responsible for driving the tool holder to move axially along the workpiece, and the rolling pressing mechanism in this scheme is arranged on the sliding plate, the rolling pressing mechanism can follow wherever the tool holder moves, and press the workpiece according to the cutting position of the tool to enhance the anti-offset effect.

[0008] Preferably, the first drive assembly includes a screw slide fixedly mounted on a sliding plate, the screw slide including a rotatable screw, a fixed guide rail, a slide seat arranged on the guide rail and threadedly engaged with the screw and reciprocating along the axial direction of the workpiece, and a first motor fixed on the sliding plate for driving the screw to rotate, and a supporting component is arranged on the slide seat.

[0009] Preferably, the rolling top pressure member is a roller or a bull's eye universal wheel.

[0010] By adopting the above scheme, if there are multiple processing sections with different diameters on the workpiece, the tool needs to process these processing sections in turn. When the lathe executes the rapid feed command to quickly move the tool, the first motor can drive the supporting component away from the workpiece to prevent the supporting component and the rolling pressing component from hitting the workpiece, and drive the supporting component close to the workpiece to press against it before the tool is ready to cut, so that the rolling pressing mechanism is not only limited to processing optical axis workpieces, but also can process stepped axis parts; when the lathe processes the outer diameter of the workpiece, it is usually necessary to repeat the process of feeding and retracting the tool several times in the axial direction of the workpiece. When the general roller presses on the surface of the workpiece for axial movement, it is sliding friction, while the bull's eye universal wheel can maintain rolling friction throughout the whole process, which significantly reduces the friction when the rolling pressing component contacts the workpiece, ensuring that the surface of the workpiece is not scratched.

[0011] Preferably, an auxiliary anti-deviation mechanism is provided on the holding component for reducing the deviation of the workpiece to the upper and lower sides due to the cutting force.

[0012] Preferably, the auxiliary anti-offset mechanism includes a pair of clamping arms that can approach or move away from the workpiece and are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the workpiece, and a rotating pressing member that rotates and presses against the upper and lower sides of the workpiece when the clamping arms approach the workpiece, which is arranged at the relative position of the end of the clamping arm close to the workpiece. The end of the clamping arm away from the rotating pressing member is inserted into the supporting member, and a second driving assembly for driving the clamping arms to approach or move away from each other is arranged in the supporting member.

[0013] With the above solution, the contact area between the rolling pressing member and the workpiece is very small. To ensure that the rolling pressing member can stably press against the workpiece, its height is the same as the axis line of the workpiece. However, the heights of the cutting tools are different. Therefore, the tool mounting table is designed in a form where directly clamping the cutting tool is lower than the height of the axis line of the workpiece. During clamping, different shims need to be placed under the cutting tool for adjustment. After the cutting tool is basically aligned with the axis line of the workpiece, machining is carried out. This clamping method will inevitably have errors, resulting in differences in the height of the cutting tool during each clamping and being unable to completely align with the rolling pressing member. In this case, when the cutting force acts on the rolling pressing member, it may generate upward or downward component forces, causing the workpiece to shift upward or downward. The auxiliary anti-offset mechanism in this solution can limit the workpiece from the upper and lower sides of the workpiece, reduce the amount of upward or downward shift of the workpiece, and further stabilize the machining state of the workpiece.

[0014] Preferably, the rotating pressing member is a roller or a bull's eye universal wheel.

[0015] Preferably, a receiving groove is formed on the side of the supporting member facing the workpiece. The second driving assembly includes a screw rod that is vertically rotatably arranged in the receiving groove and has two screw threads with opposite helix directions, a guide rod that is arranged in the receiving groove parallel to the screw rod, and a second motor for driving the screw rod to rotate. Threaded holes that cooperate with the screw rod and guide holes through which the guide rod passes are arranged on the clamping arms.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present utility model has remarkable technical effects: when the cutting tool cuts the workpiece, the rolling pressing mechanism can press against the workpiece from the other side of the cutting tool to resist the cutting force, reduce the influence of the cutting force on the workpiece, and thus reduce the offset amount of the axis line of the workpiece. Since the sliding plate is responsible for driving the tool holder to move along the axial direction of the workpiece, and the rolling pressing mechanism in this solution is arranged on the sliding plate, no matter where the tool holder moves, the rolling pressing mechanism can follow to that position and press against the workpiece at the cutting position of the cutting tool, enhancing the anti-offset effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic external structure diagram of a self-centering tool holder in this embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic external structure diagram of a self-centering tool holder in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 isFigure 2 Partial enlarged view of A in

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the external structure of a self - centering tool rest in this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 5 is Figure 5 Cross - sectional view taken along a - a in

[0022] Figure 6 is Figure 5 Partial enlarged view of B in

[0023] The names of the parts referred to by each digital label in the above drawings are as follows: 1. Sliding plate; 2. Tool - mounting table; 201. Tool; 3. Workpiece; 4. Holding member; 5. Rolling pressing member; 6. Lead screw; 7. Guide rail; 8. Slide; 9. First motor; 10. Clamping arm; 11. Rotating pressing member; 12. Receiving groove; 13. Screw; 14. Guide rod; 15. Second motor; 16. Threaded hole; 17. Guide hole; 18. Bed body; 19. Headstock; 20. Self - centering fixture; 21. Sliding table; 22. Limit center point; 23. Base. Detailed implementation mode

[0024] The present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Embodiment

[0026] A self - centering tool rest, according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, includes a bed body 18, a headstock 19 is arranged on the bed body 18, a main shaft (not shown in the drawings) is arranged in the headstock 19, a self - centering fixture 20 is arranged on the main shaft, a sliding plate 1 and a sliding table 21 capable of reciprocatingly sliding along the axial direction of the main shaft are further arranged on the bed body 18, a tool - mounting table 2 for mounting a tool 201 is arranged on the sliding plate 1, a limit center point 22 capable of approaching the workpiece 3 and limiting the end of the workpiece 3 is arranged on the sliding table 21, and the limit center point 22 and the self - centering fixture 20 cooperate to limit the workpiece 3 from both ends. The above is the prior art and will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0027] The improvement of this embodiment lies in that a rolling pressing mechanism for offsetting the cutting force of the tool 201 is arranged on the sliding plate 1 at a position opposite to the cutting position of the tool 201. According to Figure 3 or Figure 5As shown in the figure, the rolling pressing mechanism includes a lead screw slide table arranged on a sliding plate 1. The lead screw slide table includes a base 23 fixed to the sliding plate 1, and further includes a lead screw 6 rotatably arranged on the base 23 and a guide rail 7 fixed to the base 23. A slide block 8 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 7, and a holding member 4 is arranged on the slide block 8. The holding member 4 is located on the side of the workpiece 3 facing away from the tool mounting table 2 and is directly opposite to the tool mounting table 2. The holding member 4 can approach or move away from the workpiece 3 by relying on the slide block 8. According to Figure 3 or Figure 6 As shown in the figure, a receiving groove 12 is recessed on the side of the holding member 4 facing the workpiece 3. A rolling pressing member 5 partially exposed from the receiving groove 12 is arranged in the receiving groove 12. The rolling pressing member 5 is aimed at the tool 201 and presses against the workpiece 3 when approaching the workpiece 3. In this embodiment, the rolling pressing member 5 is a roller. The movement of the slide block 8 is controlled by a first motor 9, and the first motor 9 is connected to the lead screw 6.

[0028] An auxiliary anti-offset mechanism for reducing the offset of the workpiece 3 in the up and down directions under the cutting force is arranged on the holding member 4. According to Figure 3 or Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the auxiliary anti-offset mechanism includes a pair of clamping arms 10 arranged at the upper and lower ends of the workpiece 3 and capable of approaching or moving away from the workpiece 3. A rotating pressing member 11 is arranged at the relative position of the end of the clamping arm 10 close to the workpiece 3. When the clamping arm 10 approaches the workpiece 3, the rotating pressing member 11 presses against the upper and lower sides of the workpiece 3. The end of the clamping arm 10 away from the rotating pressing member 11 is inserted into the receiving groove 12. According to Figure 6 As shown in the figure, a screw rod 13 is vertically rotatably arranged in the receiving groove 12. Both ends of the screw rod 13 have two thread sections with opposite helix directions. A guide rod 14 parallel to the screw rod 13 is also arranged in the receiving groove 12. A threaded hole 16 cooperating with the screw rod 13 is arranged on the clamping arm 10, and a guiding hole 17 for the guide rod 14 to pass through is also arranged. The rotation of the screw rod 13 is controlled by a second motor 15, and the second motor 15 is fixedly arranged on the holding member 4.

[0029] Combined with the above structure, referring to Figures 1 to 6 it can be known that in a self-centering tool rest in this embodiment, a rolling pressing mechanism is adopted to resist the influence of the cutting force on the workpiece 3 by pressing against the workpiece 3 from the side of the workpiece 3 facing away from the tool 201, and an auxiliary anti-offset mechanism is also adopted to resist the influence of the cutting force on the workpiece 3 from the upper and lower sides of the workpiece 3, which can effectively reduce the situation that the cutting force generated by the tool 201 during the machining of the lathe drives the axis line of the workpiece 3 to shift, resulting in the disqualification of the workpiece 3. Moreover, in this solution, the rolling pressing mechanism is arranged on the sliding plate 1, so no matter where the tool rest moves, the rolling pressing mechanism can follow to that position and press against the workpiece 3 at the cutting position of the tool 201, enhancing the anti-offset effect.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A self-centering tool rest, comprising a sliding plate (1) and a tool mounting table (2) arranged on the sliding plate (1) for mounting a tool (201), characterized in that: On the sliding plate (1), there is a rolling pressing mechanism that is positioned opposite to the cutting position of the cutting tool (201) and is used to counteract the cutting force of the cutting tool (201). The rolling pressing mechanism includes a holding member (4) that is movably arranged along the radial direction of the workpiece (3) on the sliding plate (1) opposite to the tool mounting table (2), a rolling pressing member (5) that is arranged on the end face of the holding member (4) opposite to the tool mounting table (2) and can approach the workpiece (3) and is oppositely pressed against the workpiece (3) together with the cutting tool (201), and a first driving assembly that drives the holding member to approach or move away from the workpiece (3).

2. The self-centering tool rest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving assembly includes a lead screw slide table fixedly arranged on the sliding plate (1). The lead screw slide table includes a rotatably arranged lead screw (6), a fixedly arranged guide rail (7), a slide seat (8) that is arranged on the guide rail (7) and is in threaded engagement with the lead screw (6) and reciprocates along the axial direction of the workpiece (3), and a first motor (9) that is fixed on the sliding plate (1) and is used to drive the lead screw (6) to rotate. The holding member (4) is arranged on the slide seat (8).

3. The self-centering tool rest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rolling pressing member (5) is a roller or a bull's eye universal wheel.

4. The self-centering tool rest according to claim 1, wherein: An auxiliary anti-offset mechanism is arranged on the holding member (4) to reduce the offset of the workpiece (3) in the upper and lower directions under the cutting force.

5. The self-centering tool rest according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary anti-offset mechanism includes a pair of clamping arms (10) that are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the workpiece (3) and can approach or move away from the workpiece (3), and a rotating pressing member (11) that is arranged at the relative position of the end of the clamping arm (10) close to the workpiece (3) and rotates and presses against the upper and lower sides of the workpiece (3) when the clamping arm (10) approaches the workpiece (3). The end of the clamping arm (10) far from the rotating pressing member (11) is inserted into the holding member (4), and a second driving assembly that drives the clamping arms (10) to approach or move away from each other is arranged in the holding member (4).

6. The self-centering tool rest according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating pressing member (11) is a roller or a bull's eye universal wheel.

7. The self-centering tool rest according to claim 6, wherein: A receiving groove (12) is formed on the side of the holding member (4) facing the workpiece (3). The second driving assembly includes a screw rod (13) that is vertically and rotatably arranged in the receiving groove (12) and has two thread segments with opposite helix directions, a guide rod (14) that is arranged in the receiving groove (12) parallel to the screw rod (13), and a second motor (15) that drives the screw rod (13) to rotate. Threaded holes (16) that cooperate with the screw rod (13) and guide holes (17) through which the guide rod (14) passes are arranged on the clamping arms (10).

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