Drive axle and working machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment, and provides a drive axle and an operation machine. The drive axle comprises an axle housing, two half shafts, a first speed reducer, a second speed reducer and a brake, and the two half shafts are rotationally arranged in the axle housing; the first speed reducer is arranged between the two half shafts in a transmission manner; the second speed reducers are arranged at the ends, away from the first speed reducers, of the half shafts in a one-to-one corresponding transmission mode. Hubs are arranged outside the second speed reducers in a transmission mode. The brake is arranged on the axle housing and connected with the hub, and the brake is used for controlling rotation of the hub. According to the drive axle, the defect that the drive axle in the prior art is generally large in size due to the fact that the transmission ratio of the drive axle is low is overcome, the drive axle with the large transmission ratio is achieved, and operation mechanical efficiency and installation compactness are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment, in particular to a drive axle and an operating machine. Background Art

[0002] The drive axle is the last assembly in the transmission system of the working machine. It can change the speed and torque from the transmission and transmit them to the drive wheels to enable the working machine to travel. The existing drive axles have a low transmission ratio, which leads to their large size. As the working requirements become more and more stringent, the working machines are developing in a state of high efficiency. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency and compactness of the working machine, it is necessary to design a drive axle with a large transmission ratio. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model provides a drive axle and an operating machine, which are used to solve the defect that the drive axle in the prior art has a low transmission ratio, which leads to a generally large volume, and realizes a drive axle with a large transmission ratio, thereby improving the efficiency of the operating machine and the compactness of installation.

[0004] The utility model provides a driving axle, comprising a bridge housing, two half-axles, a first reducer, a second reducer and a brake, wherein the two half-axles are rotatably arranged inside the bridge housing; the first reducer is transmission-arranged between the two half-axles; the second reducer is transmission-arranged at one end of the half-axles away from the first reducer in a one-to-one correspondence, and the external transmission of the second reducer is provided with a wheel hub; the brake is arranged on the bridge housing and connected to the wheel hub, and the brake is used to control the rotation of the wheel hub.

[0005] According to a drive axle provided by the utility model, the second reducer includes a planetary carrier and a ring gear, the ring gear is arranged inside the wheel hub, and the inner wall of the ring gear is provided with internal gear teeth; the planetary carrier is arranged inside the ring gear and is connected to the wheel hub; the planetary carrier is rotatably provided with a plurality of planetary gears, the plurality of planetary gears are arranged at intervals, and all are meshed with the internal gear teeth for transmission; the bridge housing and the half-shaft both pass through the planetary carrier, and the bridge housing and the ring gear are limitedly set; a sun gear is provided at one end of the half-shaft away from the first reducer, and the sun gear extends between the plurality of planetary gears and is meshed with the plurality of planetary gears for transmission.

[0006] According to a drive axle provided by the utility model, the wheel hub includes a wheel hub shell, a first bearing and a second bearing are provided inside the wheel hub shell, the wheel hub shell is rotatably connected to the ring gear via the first bearing, and the wheel hub shell is rotatably connected to the axle housing via the second bearing.

[0007] According to a driving axle provided by the utility model, an oil seal is provided at one end of the wheel hub shell facing the first reducer, and the oil seal is used to seal the gap between the wheel hub shell and the axle housing.

[0008] According to a drive axle provided by the utility model, the wheel hub also includes an end cover, which is arranged at an end of the wheel hub shell away from the first reducer, and the bridge housing, the oil seal, the wheel hub shell and the end cover cooperate to enclose a closed cavity.

[0009] According to a drive axle provided by the utility model, the outer wall of the axle housing is provided with a spline groove, the inner wall of the gear ring is provided with a spline, and the spline is limited to the spline groove.

[0010] According to a drive axle provided by the utility model, a boss is provided on the side of the sun gear away from the half-shaft, and the boss is rotatably connected to the end cover.

[0011] According to a drive axle provided by the utility model, the brake comprises a brake body and a brake hub, the brake body is arranged on the bridge housing and is used to brake the brake hub, and the brake hub is detachably connected to the wheel hub housing.

[0012] A drive axle provided according to the utility model further includes a motor, which is arranged on the axle housing through a motor bracket, and is drivingly connected to the first reducer.

[0013] The utility model also provides a working machine, comprising a drive axle as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0014] The drive axle provided by the utility model realizes a substantial improvement in the transmission ratio by connecting two-stage reduction (i.e., the first reducer and the second reducer) in series. The overall transmission ratio is the product of the transmission ratios of the two-stage reducers, i.e., the first-stage reduction ratio multiplied by the second-stage reduction ratio. With such a configuration, the drive axle can output a lower speed and a higher torque, and can achieve a larger transmission ratio in a limited space, meet the requirements of the operating machinery for high torque, and improve the driving stability and efficiency. Secondly, on the basis of maintaining or improving the transmission ratio, the number and size of parts can be reduced by optimizing the design and selecting high-performance materials, thereby further reducing the total volume and weight of the drive axle. This helps to improve the installation compactness and flexibility of the operating machinery. Furthermore, the direct connection between the brake and the wheel hub enhances the response speed and braking effect of the braking system, and improves the safety performance of the operating machinery.

[0015] Furthermore, the operating machine provided by the utility model also has the above-mentioned beneficial effects because it adopts the above-mentioned drive axle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the drive axle provided by the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged view of part A in

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drive axle provided by the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a partial exploded view of the drive axle provided by the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 It is an exploded view of the hub housing of the drive axle provided by the present utility model.

[0022] Reference numerals: 100: axle housing; 200: half shaft; 300: first reduction gear; 400: motor; 500: second reduction gear; 510: planet carrier; 520: planet gear; 530: ring gear; 531: internal gear teeth; 532: spline; 540: hub; 541: hub housing; 542: first bearing; 543: second bearing; 544: oil seal; 545: end cover; 550: sun gear; 551: boss; 600: brake; 610: brake body; 620: brake drum; 700: motor bracket. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The following will further describe in detail the implementation manners of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present utility model, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the embodiments of the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0026] In the embodiments of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0027] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0028] The following Figures 1 - 5 describes the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 1 Illustrates a cross-sectional view of a drive axle provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 Illustrates Figure 1 the enlarged view at position A in Figure 3 Illustrates a schematic structural view of a drive axle provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. Referring to Figures 1 to 3The utility model provides a driving axle including a bridge housing 100, two half shafts 200, a first reducer 300, a second reducer 500 and a brake 600. The half shaft 200 is rotatably arranged inside the bridge housing 100; the first reducer 300 is transmission-arranged between the two half shafts 200; the second reducer 500 is transmission-arranged at one end of the half shaft 200 away from the first reducer 300 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the external transmission of the second reducer 500 is provided with a wheel hub 540; the brake 600 is arranged on the bridge housing 100 and connected to the wheel hub 540, and the brake 600 is used to control the rotation of the wheel hub 540.

[0030] In the above structure, the input end of the first reducer 300 is connected to the power source, and the input speed and torque are initially reduced by the first reducer 300 and then transmitted to the half shaft 200. Specifically, the first reducer 300 can be implemented by a gear set, a planetary gear mechanism or other reduction mechanism to convert the input high speed and low torque into a lower speed and a higher torque. This level of reduction lays the foundation for further reduction. The reduced speed and torque are then transmitted to the second reducer 500 through the half shaft 200, and the second reducer 500 is reduced again, and finally the power is transmitted to the wheel hub 540. The brake 600 can realize the braking and parking functions of the working machine by controlling the rotation of the wheel hub 540.

[0031] The embodiment of the utility model realizes a substantial improvement in the transmission ratio by connecting two-stage reduction (i.e., the first reducer 300 and the second reducer 500) in series. The overall transmission ratio is the product of the transmission ratios of the two-stage reducers, i.e., the first-stage reduction ratio multiplied by the second-stage reduction ratio. Such a configuration enables the drive axle to output a lower speed and a higher torque, and a larger transmission ratio can be achieved in a limited space, meeting the requirements of the operating machinery for high torque, and improving the driving stability and efficiency. Secondly, on the basis of maintaining or improving the transmission ratio, the number and size of parts can be reduced by optimizing the design and selecting high-performance materials, thereby further reducing the total volume and weight of the drive axle. This helps to improve the installation compactness and flexibility of the operating machinery. Furthermore, the direct connection between the brake 600 and the wheel hub 540 enhances the response speed and braking effect of the braking system, and improves the safety performance of the operating machinery.

[0032] Specifically, the bridge housing 100 may be a tubular or box-shaped structure to provide sufficient strength and rigidity to support the internal transmission components. Its shape may be streamlined to reduce wind resistance. Specifically, the middle portion of the bridge housing 100 may be Figure 1The protrusion structure shown in the figure has an opening on one side of the protrusion. The two sides of the bridge housing 100 are long strip structures, and are adapted to the shape of the half shaft 200. With such a configuration, the protrusion can better accommodate the first reducer 300, and the first reducer 300 can be arranged inside the protrusion through the opening part, and partly arranged outside the protrusion to be connected to the power source. The long strip structures on both sides can better accommodate the half shaft 200, thereby improving space utilization. It should be noted that the housing of the first reducer 300 and the bridge housing 100 can be detachably connected by bolts, and the input shaft of the internal transmission mechanism of the first reducer 300 is transmission-connected to the power source, and the output shaft is transmission-connected to the half shaft 200. The first reducer 300 can specifically adopt a planetary gear mechanism, a fixed axis gear mechanism or other forms of reduction device.

[0033] In some possible embodiments, reinforcing ribs or partitions may be provided inside the bridge housing 100 to increase its torsional rigidity and load-bearing capacity. At the same time, mounting holes and positioning surfaces may be designed on the bridge housing 100 to accurately install and fix other transmission components.

[0034] Furthermore, the half shaft 200 also has a long strip structure, one end of which is connected to the output shaft of the first reducer 300, and the other end is connected to the wheel hub 540 by means of a spline or a flange, so as to transmit power to the wheel. In order to withstand the transmitted torque and bending moment, the half shaft 200 may adopt a solid structure and be reinforced at key locations. The material of the half shaft 200 may be steel or copper. Of course, in order to reduce weight and improve efficiency, the half shaft 200 may also be made of high-strength alloy materials, such as aluminum alloy. In addition, in order to lubricate and cool during operation, oil channels or lubrication holes may also be designed on the half shaft 200.

[0035] Figure 4 The partial exploded view of the drive axle provided by the embodiment of the utility model is illustrated. Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present invention, the second reducer 500 includes a planetary carrier 510 and a ring gear 530, the ring gear 530 is rotatably arranged inside the wheel hub 540, and the inner wall of the ring gear 530 is provided with internal gear teeth 531; the planetary carrier 510 is arranged inside the ring gear 530 and is connected to the wheel hub 540 to drive the wheel hub 540 to rotate; the planetary carrier 510 is rotatably provided with a plurality of planetary gears 520, the plurality of planetary gears 520 are arranged at intervals, and all mesh with the internal gear teeth 531 for transmission; the bridge housing 100 and the half shaft 200 both penetrate the planetary carrier 510, and the bridge housing 100 and the ring gear 530 are limitedly set; a sun gear 550 is provided at one end of the half shaft 200 away from the first reducer 300, and the sun gear 550 extends between the plurality of planetary gears 520, and meshes with the plurality of planetary gears 520 for transmission.

[0036] In the above structure, the power from the first reduction gear 300 is transmitted to the sun gear 550 through the half shaft 200. The sun gear 550, as the power input component of the planetary gear train, is located at the center of the planetary gears 520 and meshes with a plurality of planetary gears 520. When the sun gear 550 rotates, it drives the planetary gears 520 to rotate around their own axes while revolving around the axis of the sun gear 550. Since the planet carrier 510 is connected to the wheel hub 540, this revolving motion of the planetary gears 520 drives the planet carrier 510 and the wheel hub 540 to rotate together. In this way, the reduced power is transmitted to the wheel hub 540, which in turn drives the wheel to rotate. During this process, the ring gear 530 is fixed and does not participate in the rotation. The main function of the ring gear 530 is to provide internal teeth 531, which then mesh with the external teeth of the planetary gears 520, thereby restricting the revolving motion trajectory of the planetary gears 520 and ensuring that the planetary gears 520 can transmit power according to a predetermined transmission ratio.

[0037] Figure 5 An exploded view of the wheel hub housing of the drive axle provided by the embodiment of the present utility model is illustrated. Refer to Figure 5 , in some embodiments of the present utility model, the wheel hub 540 includes a wheel hub housing 541. A first bearing 542 and a second bearing 543 are spaced inside the wheel hub housing 541. The wheel hub housing 541 is rotatably connected to the ring gear 530 through the first bearing 542, and the wheel hub housing 541 is rotatably connected to the axle housing 100 through the second bearing 543.

[0038] The wheel hub housing 541 is rotatably connected to the ring gear 530 through the first bearing 542. The first bearing 542 enables the wheel hub housing 541 to rotate freely relative to the ring gear 530. At the same time, the first bearing 542 can also bear the radial and axial loads generated when the wheel hub housing 541 rotates. The wheel hub housing 541 is rotatably connected to the axle housing 100 through the second bearing 543. This connection ensures that the wheel hub housing 541 can rotate freely inside the axle housing 100. At the same time, the axle housing 100, as the main structure of the entire drive axle, provides the necessary support and positioning. The second bearing 543 also bears the radial and axial loads generated when the wheel hub housing 541 rotates.

[0039] The design of the double bearings makes the wheel hub housing 541 more stable during rotation, reducing vibration and noise. At the same time, this design also improves the rigidity and durability of the entire drive axle. Secondly, as standard parts, the bearings are easy to replace and maintain. When the bearings are worn or damaged, they can be conveniently replaced without large-scale disassembly of the entire drive axle.

[0040] Refer to Figure 5In some embodiments of the present invention, an oil seal 544 is provided at one end of the wheel hub shell 541 facing the first reducer 300, and the oil seal 544 is used to seal the gap between the wheel hub shell 541 and the bridge housing 100. An end cover 545 is provided at one end of the wheel hub shell 541 away from the first reducer 300, and the bridge housing 100, the oil seal 544, the wheel hub shell 541 and the end cover 545 cooperate to enclose a closed cavity.

[0041] In the above structure, the main function of the oil seal 544 is to seal the gap between the hub housing 541 and the bridge housing 100, effectively preventing the leakage of the internal lubricating oil. In addition to preventing the leakage of the lubricating oil, the oil seal 544 can also effectively prevent external dust, moisture and other pollutants from entering the closed cavity, protecting the internal transmission components from pollution and corrosion.

[0042] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present invention, a spline groove is provided on the outer wall of the bridge housing 100, and a spline 532 is provided on the inner wall of the gear ring 530, and the spline 532 is limited to the spline groove.

[0043] In the above structure, the cooperation between the spline groove and the spline 532 inside the ring gear 530 realizes the high-precision positioning of the ring gear 530 on the bridge housing 100. This positioning method not only ensures the accurate meshing of the ring gear 530 with the planetary gear, but also improves the overall accuracy and stability of the transmission system. The spline 532 connection itself has the characteristics of a large number of teeth and uniform force, so it can withstand a large load. The use of the spline 532 connection between the bridge housing 100 and the ring gear 530 can significantly improve the load-bearing capacity of the transmission system and meet the needs of heavy-duty working machinery. In other possible embodiments, auxiliary positioning devices (such as positioning pins, positioning blocks, etc.) can also be added between the bridge housing 100 and the ring gear 530 to improve its positioning accuracy and stability. These auxiliary positioning devices can be used in conjunction with the spline 532 connection to form a multiple positioning mechanism.

[0044] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments of the utility model, a boss 551 is provided on the side of the sun gear 550 away from the half shaft 200, and the boss 551 is rotatably connected to the end cover 545. Specifically, the boss 551 and the end cover 545 can be rotatably connected through a third bearing. Such a configuration can, on the one hand, allow the half shaft 200 to rotate inside the bridge housing 100, and on the other hand, allow the end cover 545 to play a certain supporting role on the half shaft 200, so that the rotation of the half shaft 200 is more stable.

[0045] Reference Figure 2, in some embodiments of the present utility model, the brake 600 includes a brake body 610 and a brake hub 620. The brake body 610 is disposed on the axle housing 100 and is used to brake the brake hub 620. The brake hub 620 is detachably connected to the wheel hub housing 541.

[0046] Furthermore, the brake hub 620 has a disc-shaped or drum-shaped structure, and it only needs to be adapted to the shape and size of the wheel hub 540. The brake body 610 internally includes brake shoes and a brake (including hydraulic or mechanical types). The brake is used to control the opening and closing of the brake shoes. The brake body 610 can be connected to the axle housing 100 by means of bolt connection or flange connection, etc. The brake hub 620 can be connected to the wheel hub housing 541 by means of bolt connection or flange connection, etc. When braking is required, the brake will drive the brake shoes to contact the brake hub 620 and generate frictional force, thereby achieving the deceleration and stopping of the wheel.

[0047] Referring to Figure 1 , in some embodiments of the present utility model, it further includes a motor 400. The motor 400 is disposed on the axle housing 100 through a motor bracket 700, and the motor 400 is in transmission connection with the first speed reducer 300. Specifically, the output shaft of the motor 400 is connected to the input shaft of the first speed reducer 300. The motor 400 serves as a power source and transmits power to the first speed reducer 300.

[0048] The present utility model also provides a working machine, including a drive axle as in any one of the above embodiments. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present utility model, the types of the working machine are not limited. For example, the working machine can be an excavator, a crane, a loader, etc. In other words, as long as the working machine can use the drive axle in the present invention.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and are not intended to limit them; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A drive axle, characterized in that, include: Axle housing; Two half shafts are rotatably arranged inside the axle housing; A first speed reducer, which is arranged between the two half shafts; A second reducer is arranged in a one-to-one transmission manner at one end of the half-shaft away from the first reducer, and a wheel hub is arranged on the external transmission of the second reducer; The brake is arranged on the bridge housing and connected to the wheel hub, and the brake is used to control the rotation of the wheel hub.

2. The drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second reducer comprises a planet carrier and a ring gear, wherein the ring gear is arranged inside the wheel hub, and the inner wall of the ring gear is provided with internal gear teeth; The planet carrier is arranged inside the gear ring and connected to the wheel hub; the planet carrier is rotatably provided with a plurality of planetary gears, which are arranged at intervals and mesh with the inner gear teeth for transmission; The bridge housing and the half shaft both pass through the planetary carrier, and the bridge housing and the gear ring are limitedly arranged; a sun gear is provided at one end of the half shaft away from the first reducer, and the sun gear extends between the plurality of planetary gears and meshes with the plurality of planetary gears for transmission.

3. The drive axle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wheel hub comprises a wheel hub shell, wherein a first bearing and a second bearing are arranged in an interval inside the wheel hub shell, the wheel hub shell is rotatably connected to the ring gear via the first bearing, and the wheel hub shell is rotatably connected to the bridge housing via the second bearing.

4. The drive axle according to claim 3, characterized in that An oil seal is provided at one end of the wheel hub shell facing the first reducer, and the oil seal is used to seal the gap between the wheel hub shell and the bridge housing.

5. The drive axle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wheel hub further comprises an end cover, which is arranged at an end of the wheel hub shell away from the first reducer, and the bridge housing, the oil seal, the wheel hub shell and the end cover cooperate to enclose a closed cavity.

6. The drive axle according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the bridge housing is provided with a spline groove, and the inner wall of the gear ring is provided with a spline, and the spline is limited to the spline groove.

7. The drive axle according to claim 5, characterized in that, A boss is provided on one side of the sun gear away from the half shaft, and the boss is rotatably connected to the end cover.

8. The drive axle according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that, The brake comprises a brake body and a brake hub. The brake body is arranged on the bridge housing and is used to brake the brake hub. The brake hub is detachably connected to the wheel hub housing.

9. The drive axle according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes a motor, which is arranged on the bridge housing through a motor bracket, and the motor is drivingly connected to the first reducer.

10. An earthmoving machine, characterized in that, Comprising a drive axle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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