Horizontal-pushing three-insurance connector for excavator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a horizontal-pushing three-insurance connector for an excavator, which relates to the technical field of excavator connectors and comprises a shell, a rear jaw is arranged at one end of the shell, a horizontal-pushing oil cylinder is arranged in the shell, the output end of the horizontal-pushing oil cylinder is connected with a movable hook, guide blocks are arranged on two sides of the movable hook, and guide grooves are arranged at positions, corresponding to the guide blocks, of the shell. A connecting frame is arranged on the portion, located at the joint of the movable hook and the output end of the horizontal pushing oil cylinder, of the movable hook, a front safety mechanism is arranged on the connecting frame and comprises a front safety block, and a torsional spring is arranged on the front safety block. A rear safety mechanism is arranged at the position, located at the rear jaw, of the shell and comprises a rear safety block, and a first pressure spring is arranged on the rear safety block; a cylinder body of the horizontal pushing oil cylinder is sleeved with a second pressure spring, and one end of the second pressure spring acts on the movable hook; a wear compensation groove is formed in one end, close to the rear jaw, of the rear safety block; according to the utility model, the size and the weight of the connector are reduced, the load of the excavator is reduced, the safety is improved, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of excavator connectors, in particular to a flat-push triple-insurance connector for excavators. Background Art

[0002] An excavator quick connector, also called a quick-change joint or a quick-connect head, is composed of components such as a main body bracket, a movable clamping block, a hydraulic cylinder, and a pin shaft. The quick connector can quickly install and switch various configuration parts (bucket, ripper, breaker, hydraulic shear, etc.) on the excavator, can expand the use range of the excavator, and can save time and improve work efficiency.

[0003] Existing comparative document 1, with the publication number CN 219386457 U and the publication date of July 21, 2023, discloses an automatic switching connector for an excavator, including a housing, which is connected to the excavator through bolt assemblies; a front fixing clip and a rear fixing clip are respectively installed at both ends of the housing; a hydraulic power mechanism is installed inside the housing; a drive shaft is installed at the telescopic end of the hydraulic power mechanism; a mounting plate assembly is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing; a movable plate group is rotatably connected to the mounting plate assembly; a card slot for slidably connecting the drive shaft is formed on the movable plate group; a spring assembly is installed between the mounting plate assembly and the movable plate group; a front movable claw is installed on the mounting plate assembly and is arranged opposite to the front fixing clip; a rear movable claw assembly is rotatably connected to the rear fixing clip; a torsion spring is installed between the rear movable claw assembly and the rear fixing clip;

[0004] This utility model can achieve the quick switching of excavator attachments, solves problems such as cumbersome operation, long replacement time, and high labor costs, and improves work efficiency;

[0005] The opening and closing of the movable plate group 6 that plays an insurance role for the rear axle of the excavator in this connector mainly rely on the control of the hydraulic cylinder 9. However, according to the structural pattern of the movable plate group 6, to fully control the movement of the movable plate group, a relatively large sliding track travel distance must be triggered, wasting the effective stroke of the oil cylinder. This leads to the need for a relatively large-volume hydraulic cylinder, and the increase in the volume of the hydraulic cylinder will cause an increase in the volume and weight of the entire connector, which will affect the load of the entire excavator boom, resulting in an increase in excavator fuel consumption and operation costs. At the same time, when the rear movable claw is blocked from opening by an external force and the misoperation trigger device is triggered, components with relatively weak associated structures will be damaged, and then the insurance function will be lost, leading to the detachment of the rear axle.

[0006] There is also Comparative Document 2, a utility model patent with a publication number of CN 110670654 A and a publication date of January 10, 2020, which discloses a double-lock type quick connector and an excavator, including a housing, a movable hook claw, a locking mechanism, and an oil cylinder; the locking mechanism includes a locking rod and a secondary locking hook claw that are connected to each other. The locking mechanism is hinged to the housing through a first hinge point and can rotate around the first hinge point under its own gravity. Moreover, the first hinge point is close to the fixed hook claw. Taking the first hinge point as the lever support point, the gravitational moment of the secondary locking hook claw is much greater than that of the locking rod; the locking rod is provided with a locking structure for locking the movable hook claw.

[0007] This utility model uses the lever principle and the dead point position to design the locking mechanism, which automatically unlocks and locks through gravity. As the locking rod rises and falls, the unlocking and locking of the movable hook claw are completed, realizing the release and clamping of the first connecting pin shaft of the working device. At the same time, the secondary locking hook claw realizes the release and clamping of the second connecting pin shaft of the working device, achieving the purpose of double locking of the shaft.

[0008] However, there is an obvious drawback in this utility model: First, the movement of the movable hook claw mainly relies on the oil cylinder. When the oil cylinder is damaged and out of control, the insurance function for the front shaft will be lost, resulting in the front shaft falling out of the "tiger's mouth".

[0009] Second, the restriction on the rear shaft mainly relies on the secondary locking hook claw. However, when the attachment moves driven by the boom, the friction between the rear shaft and the secondary locking hook claw will be increased, which will shorten the service life of this connector.

[0010] Based on Comparative Document 1 and Comparative Document 2, the main problems existing in the existing connectors are as follows: 1. The overall volume and weight of the connector are relatively large, resulting in an increase in the load and operation cost of the excavator.

[0011] 2. Most connectors adopt double insurance and mainly rely on the function of the oil cylinder. After the rear "tiger's mouth" breaks, effective safety protection cannot be carried out, and it is easy for the front shaft and the rear shaft to fall off. Therefore, the overall safety is not high.

[0012] 3. The key components of the connector have serious friction, resulting in a shortened service life.

[0013] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a flat-push triple-insurance connector for excavators to improve the overall safety and service life on the basis of reducing the volume and weight of the connector. Utility Model Content

[0014] In view of the above technical problems, the present utility model provides a flat-push triple-insurance connector for excavators to solve the problems that the overall volume and weight of the existing connector are relatively large, resulting in an increase in the load and operation cost of the excavator.

[0015] Most connectors use double insurance and mainly rely on the action of the oil cylinder, which results in low overall safety and makes it easy for the front and rear axles to fall off;

[0016] The key parts of the connector are subject to severe friction, which shortens their service life.

[0017] The above technical objectives of the utility model are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0018] A horizontal push three-safety connector for an excavator, comprising a housing, a first mounting shaft and a second mounting shaft being detachably mounted on the housing, a rear tiger's mouth being provided at one end of the housing, a horizontal push oil cylinder being provided inside the housing, a movable hook being connected to the output end of the horizontal push oil cylinder, guide blocks being provided at both sides of the movable hook, guide grooves being provided at positions of the housing corresponding to the guide blocks, a connecting frame being provided at a joint portion of the movable hook and the output end of the horizontal push oil cylinder, a front safety mechanism being provided on the connecting frame, the front safety mechanism comprising a front safety block, and a torsion spring being provided on the front safety block;

[0019] The housing is provided with a rear safety mechanism at the rear base of the thumb, the rear safety mechanism comprises a rear safety block, and the rear safety block is provided with a first compression spring;

[0020] A second compression spring is sleeved on the cylinder body of the horizontal push oil cylinder, and one end of the second compression spring acts on the movable hook;

[0021] The end of the rear safety block close to the rear base is provided with a wear compensation groove;

[0022] Assume that the torque of the torsion spring acting on the front safety block is P1, the gravity of the front safety block is G1, and the gravity of the movable hook is G2;

[0023] When the push cylinder drives the front safety block to move, P1>G1;

[0024] Assuming that the front safety block is fully retracted into the front jaws under the action of the horizontal push cylinder, the elastic force of the second compression spring is P2, and at this time P2>2xG2+P1;

[0025] Assuming that when the push cylinder drives the rear safety block to be retracted into the rear jaws, the elastic force of the second compression spring is P3, and the elastic force of the first compression spring is P4, the retraction force of the push cylinder is Fm, and at this time Fm>1.2x(P3+G2+2xP4).

[0026] Furthermore, a first waist hole is horizontally provided at one end of the shell near the rear base, the rear safety block is welded and fixed to one end of the push cylinder, and the rear safety block is provided with an axial hole perpendicular to the axial direction, a rear mounting shaft is provided in the axial hole, and the rear mounting shaft is placed in the first waist hole.

[0027] Further, the rear safety mechanism further includes a first connecting plate welded between the rear jaws. At least one guiding hole is penetratingly formed in the first connecting plate. A guiding rod is disposed in the guiding hole. A locking nut is disposed at one end of the guiding rod, and the other end of the guiding rod is detachably connected to the rear safety block. The first compression spring is sleeved on the guiding rod between the locking nut and the second connecting plate.

[0028] Further, the front safety mechanism further includes a rotating shaft disposed on the front safety block. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the front safety block makes positive and negative circular arc motions around the rotating shaft on the connecting frame.

[0029] Further, the output end of the flat push oil cylinder is provided with a front mounting shaft, and the connecting frame is provided with a second waist-shaped hole corresponding to the position of the front mounting shaft.

[0030] Further, safety link rods are respectively disposed on two sides of the front safety block. A third waist-shaped hole is formed at one end of the safety link rod along the rotation path of the front safety block.

[0031] Further, a limiting portion is disposed at one end of the front safety block, and a limiting rod is disposed on the housing at the rotation path of the limiting portion. After the limiting portion abuts against the limiting rod, the distance between the front safety block and the front jaws is less than the diameter of the front shaft of the attachment.

[0032] Further, the length of the guiding groove is less than the stroke of the flat push oil cylinder.

[0033] Further, a guiding portion is disposed at the position where the rear safety block is in the direction of the entry of the rear shaft of the attachment.

[0034] Further, a second connecting plate is further disposed on the housing at the position of the front jaws.

[0035] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0036] (1) By using the flat push oil cylinder in cooperation with the front safety block, the rear safety block and the second compression spring, triple safety is achieved for the entire connector, further preventing the direct detachment of the attachment in case any one of the front jaws, the rear jaws and the flat push oil cylinder fails. The safety of the entire connector is improved. At the same time, the volume and weight of the entire connector are reduced by changing the structure, reducing the load and operation cost of the excavator. At the same time, by changing the structure of the rear safety block, the wear amount with the rear shaft of the attachment is reduced. After the limiting by the limiting portion and the limiting rod, there is still a certain release amount in the third waist-shaped hole on the link rod 19, avoiding the indirect force damage between the link rods. The service life of the connector is prolonged.

[0037] (2) By using the first kidney-shaped hole, it is possible to ensure that while the front push cylinder retracts the front safety block, there is still a certain margin of movement to retract the rear safety block, thereby avoiding the need to add an additional control structure to the rear safety block and preventing an increase in the volume and weight of the connector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0039] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram from another angle;

[0040] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram from a third angle;

[0041] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram from a fourth angle;

[0042] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram with the housing hidden;

[0043] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a schematic diagram with the front push cylinder hidden;

[0044] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a schematic diagram from another angle;

[0045] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the front safety block;

[0046] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the housing;

[0047] Figure 10 is Figure 2 a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A direction of

[0048] Figure 11 is Figure 4 a cross-sectional view taken along the B-B direction of

[0049] Figure 12 is a connection schematic diagram of the present utility model and the attachment.

[0050] Reference numerals: 1, housing; 2, first mounting shaft; 3, second mounting shaft; 4, movable hook; 5, flat push oil cylinder; 6, front tiger mouth; 7, rear tiger mouth; 8, front safety block; 9, rear safety block; 10, first connecting plate; 11, second connecting plate; 12, first compression spring; 13, second compression spring; 14, torsion spring; 15, front mounting shaft; 16, rear mounting shaft; 17, wear compensation groove; 18, rotating shaft; 19, safety connecting rod; 20, retaining ring; 21, positioning ring; 22, first waist-shaped hole; 23, second waist-shaped hole; 24, third waist-shaped hole; 25, setscrew; 26, guiding hole; 27, guiding rod; 28, locking nut; 29, guiding portion; 30, guiding groove; 31, guiding block; 32, abutting platform; 33, limiting portion; 34, limiting rod; 35, anti-creeper bolt; 36, operation hole; 37, front shaft; 38, rear shaft. Detailed implementation manner

[0051] The present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0052] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, rear...) in the embodiments of the present utility model are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If this specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0053] In the description of the embodiments, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "set", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or connected through an intermediate medium, and it can also be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0054] See the attached Figure 1-11 , which shows a flat push triple-safety connector for an excavator, including a housing 1. The housing 1 is an integrally cast structure. Guiding grooves 30 are symmetrically opened on two side walls inside the housing 1. A movable hook 4 is slidably arranged in the housing 1 through the guiding grooves 30. Guiding blocks 31 with the same cross-section are arranged at the positions of the movable hook 4 corresponding to the guiding grooves 30. The guiding blocks 31 are slidably matched with the guiding grooves 30. A front tiger mouth 6 is opened on the movable hook 4, and the front tiger mouth 6 is used for cooperating with the front shaft 37 of the attachment to connect. And at the other end of the housing 1, a rear tiger mouth 7 is opened in the opposite direction to the front tiger mouth 6, and the rear tiger mouth 7 is used for cooperating with the rear shaft 38 of the attachment to connect;

[0055] Inside the housing 1, a flat push oil cylinder 5 is arranged along the extending direction of the guiding groove 30. The output end of the flat push oil cylinder 5 is connected to the movable hook 4. A rear safety mechanism is provided at one end of the flat push oil cylinder 5 away from the output end. The rear safety mechanism includes a rear safety block 9 welded to the flat push oil cylinder 5. A shaft hole is penetratingly opened in the rear safety block 9 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the flat push oil cylinder 5. A rear mounting shaft 16 is arranged in the shaft hole. A first kidney-shaped hole 22 is horizontally opened in the housing 1 corresponding to the position of the rear mounting shaft 16. The rear mounting shaft 16 is mounted in the first kidney-shaped hole 22;

[0056] One end of the rear safety block 9 close to the rear jaw 7 is provided with an inverted U-shaped wear compensation groove 17, and a guiding portion 29 is provided in the direction where the rear shaft 38 enters. When the rear safety block 9 is engaged with the rear shaft 38 during use, the contact area between the rear safety block 9 and the rear shaft 38 is reduced through the wear compensation groove 17, thereby reducing the wear between the two and extending the service life of the connector. And the wear compensation groove 17 is mounted on the rear shaft 38 to make the limit on the rear shaft 38 more sufficient and stable;

[0057] The rear safety mechanism further includes a first connecting plate 10 arranged between the rear jaws 7. Two guiding holes 26 are penetratingly opened in the first connecting plate 10 along the action direction of the flat push oil cylinder 5. A guiding rod 27 is arranged in each guiding hole 26. A locking nut 28 is provided at one end of the guiding rod 27. At the same time, a mounting hole is provided in the rear safety block 9 corresponding to the position of the guiding rod 27. One end of the guiding rod 27 is placed in the mounting hole and connected by a set screw 25. A first compression spring 12 is sleeved between the first connecting plate 10 and the rear safety block 9 on the guiding rod 27. A forward thrust is applied to the rear safety block 9 through the first compression spring 12. When the rear shaft 38 of the implement is placed in the rear jaw 7, the rear safety block 9 is placed directly above the rear shaft 38 through the action of the first compression spring 12, and the wear compensation groove 17 is engaged with the rear shaft 38. At this time, the distance between the end of the rear safety block 9 and the rear jaw 7 is less than the diameter of the rear shaft 38, playing a role in restricting the rear shaft 38, that is, the first insurance, to prevent the rear shaft 38 from falling out of the rear jaw 7 in the case of damage to the flat push oil cylinder 5 and the detachment of the front shaft 37;

[0058] It can be seen that during use, the output end is controlled to retract by the flat push oil cylinder 5, and the output end further drives the movable hook 4 to slide inward along the guiding groove 30. When one end of the guiding block 31 abuts against the bottom of the guiding groove 30, there is still a stroke margin for the flat push oil cylinder 5 at this time. Therefore, the rear safety block 9 is pulled to slide along the first kidney-shaped hole 22 through this part of the stroke margin to release the restriction on the rear shaft 38, without the need to additionally add a driving mechanism to the rear safety block 9 to reduce the weight of the connector;

[0059] In addition, it should be noted that in order to make the flat push oil cylinder 5 drive the movable hook 4 and the rear safety block 9 to act simultaneously, the length of the guiding groove 30 needs to be less than the stroke of the flat push oil cylinder 5;

[0060] Furthermore, a connecting frame is provided at the top end of the movable hook 4. A second waist-shaped hole 23 is formed in the connecting frame. A front mounting shaft 15 is inserted into the second waist-shaped hole 23. The front mounting shaft 15 is sleeved and connected to the output end of the flat push oil cylinder 5. At the same time, a front safety mechanism is further provided inside the connecting frame for the movable hook 4. The front safety mechanism includes a front safety block 8. A rotating shaft 18 is inserted through the front safety block 8. The front safety block 8 is rotated inside the connecting frame through the rotating shaft 18. At the same time, a torsion spring 14 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 18. One end of the torsion spring 14 acts on the front safety block 8, and the other end abuts against the side wall of the connecting frame. A clockwise rotating force is applied to the front safety block 8 through the torsion spring 14. After the front shaft 37 is placed in the front tiger mouth 6, the end of the front safety block 8 abuts against the side wall of the front shaft 37 under the action of the torsion spring 14. At this time, the distance between the end of the front safety block 8 and the front tiger mouth 6 is less than the diameter of the front shaft 37, realizing the restriction of the front shaft 37, which is the second insurance, preventing the problem that when the rear tiger mouth 7 breaks and the rear shaft 38 falls off, the front shaft 37 directly falls off from the front tiger mouth 6;

[0061] At the same time, in order to prevent the front safety block 8 from rotating excessively under the action of the torsion spring 14 and losing the limiting effect on the front shaft 37, a limiting portion 33 is provided at one end of the front safety block 8. At the same time, a limiting rod 34 is provided on the connecting frame along the rotation path of the limiting portion 33. When the limiting portion 33 abuts against the limiting rod 34 when the front safety block rotates clockwise under the action of the torsion spring 14, the front safety block 8 plays a limiting role on the front shaft 37;

[0062] It can be seen from this that by changing the structure and action mode of the front safety block 8 and cooperating with the flat push oil cylinder 5, on the premise of realizing the restriction of the front shaft 37, the use of a large-stroke oil cylinder is avoided. Compared with the original connector, the volume and weight are reduced, and the increase in load and fuel consumption brought to the excavator by the volume and weight is avoided;

[0063] In order to further improve the safety of the entire connector and prevent the front shaft 37 from falling off in the case of damage to the flat push oil cylinder 5, a retaining ring 20 is provided on the cylinder block of the flat push oil cylinder 5. A second compression spring 13 is sleeved on the flat push oil cylinder 5 through the retaining ring 20. A positioning ring 21 is provided on the connecting frame corresponding to the position of the second compression spring 13. The second compression spring 13 is placed between the retaining ring 20 and the positioning ring 21. A forward thrust is applied to the entire movable hook 4 through the second compression spring 13. In this way, when the flat push oil cylinder 5 is damaged, the movable hook 4 can be pushed forward by the second compression spring 13 to continue to provide a limiting effect on the front shaft 37, which is the third insurance;

[0064] It can be seen from this that the first safety device formed by the cooperation of the first compression spring 12 and the rear safety block 9, the second safety device formed by the torsion spring 14 and the front safety block 8, and the third safety device formed by the second compression spring 13 improve the safety of the entire connector and effectively prevent the direct detachment of the attachment when one of the current thumb hole 6, rear thumb hole 7, and push cylinder 5 is damaged;

[0065] Furthermore, in order to enable the front safety block 8 and the movable hook 4 to achieve linkage, two safety link rods 19 are respectively provided on both sides of the front safety block 8. A third waist-shaped hole 24 is provided at one end of the safety link rod 19. The safety link rod 19 is fitted with the front mounting shaft through the third waist-shaped hole 24. When in use, when the movable hook 4 is driven by the push cylinder 5 to slide inward along the guide groove 30, at this time, the front safety block 8 is retracted into the housing 1 under the pull of the safety link rod 19, leaving space for the installation of the front shaft 37;

[0066] At the same time, after the limiting rod 34 is limited by the limiting part 33, there is still a certain amount of play between the third waist-shaped hole 24 on the link rod 19 and the front mounting shaft 15. Through this amount of play, it is avoided that the impact on the front safety block 8 transmits force to the link rod 19, and the link rod 19 transmits force to the front shaft 37, resulting in the breakage of the opening of the link rod 19. That is to say, the link rod 19 is only stressed when opening and closing the front safety block 8, and the link rod 19 will not be stressed when the front safety block 8 is stressed. This is the key to ensuring the service life of the link rod 19;

[0067] In addition, in order to prevent the rotation of the front mounting shaft 15 and the rear mounting shaft 16 from aggravating wear, anti-creeper bolts 35 for preventing the rear mounting shaft 16 from moving left and right are provided at the joint of the front mounting shaft 15 and the output end of the push cylinder 5 and at the joint of the rear safety block 9 and the rear mounting shaft 16. At the same time, for the convenience of operation, an operation hole 36 is provided at the position of the housing 1 where the rear safety block 9 is located, facilitating the operation of the anti-creeper bolts 35;

[0068] In order to facilitate the installation of the movable hook 4 into the housing 1, a second connecting plate 11 is detachably installed at one end of the housing 1 close to the front thumb hole 6. When installing the movable hook 4, the second connecting plate 11 is removed, and after installation, the second connecting plate 11 is installed on the housing 1 through bolts. This not only facilitates the installation of the movable hook 4 but also ensures the structural strength of the housing 1;

[0069] In order to ensure the smooth and stable sliding of the movable hook 4 in the housing 1, a contact platform 32 is provided at the position of the movable hook 4 close to the guide block 31. When the guide block 31 is placed in the guide groove 30, the contact platform 32 just abuts against the bottom of the housing 1. In this way, it provides a dual guiding effect for the sliding of the movable hook 4 in the housing 1 and ensures that the movable hook 4 does not get stuck during sliding.

[0070] Finally, in order to ensure the rapid movement of the first compression spring 12, the second compression spring 13, and the flat push oil cylinder 5 and to play a strong insurance role, the following conditions need to be met:

[0071] Assume that the torsion force of the torsion spring 14 acting on the front safety block 8 is P1, the gravity of the front safety block 8 is G1, and the gravity of the movable hook 4 is G2;

[0072] When the flat push oil cylinder 5 drives the front safety block 8 to move, P1 > G1. Under such conditions, the torsion spring 14 can overcome the resistance brought by the gravity of the front safety block 8, and at the same time, it can ensure that the front safety block 8 has a certain impact resistance against external objects, ensuring that the front safety always provides a limiting effect on the front axle 37;

[0073] Assume that when the front safety block 8 is completely retracted into the front tiger's mouth 6 under the action of the flat push oil cylinder 5, the elastic force of the second compression spring 13 is P2, and at this time, P2 > 2 x G2 + P1;

[0074] Assume that when the flat push oil cylinder 5 drives the rear safety block 9 to retract into the rear tiger's mouth 7, the elastic force of the second compression spring 13 is P3, and the elastic force of the first compression spring 12 is P4, and the retraction force of the flat push oil cylinder 5 is Fm. At this time, Fm > 1.2 x (P3 + G2 + 2 x P4).

[0075] During use, refer to the appendix Figure 12 First, the output end of the flat push oil cylinder 5 is controlled to retract. During the retraction process of the output end, the movable hook 4 is pulled along the guide groove 30 inward by the front mounting shaft. During the sliding process of the movable hook 4, the safety link 19 is gradually used to pull the front safety block 8 to rotate counterclockwise around the rotating shaft 18. At this time, the torsion force P1 of the torsion spring 14 acting on the front safety block 8 > the gravity G1 of the front safety hook. Finally, the front safety block 8 is retracted into the housing 1. At this time, at the same time, one end of the guide block 31 abuts against the bottom in the guide groove 30. At this time, the stroke of the flat push oil cylinder 5 has not been completely retracted, and there is still a certain margin. At this time, the elastic force of the second compression spring 13 is P2, and P2 > 2 x G2 + P1. Then the flat push oil cylinder 5 continues to retract. At this time, the movable hook 4 plays a limiting role on the output end of the flat push oil cylinder 5. Therefore, the cylinder body of the flat push oil cylinder 5 moves along the first waist-shaped hole 22. During the movement, the flat push oil cylinder 5 drives the rear safety block 9 to retract. At this time, the pressure P3 of the second compression spring 13 is the largest, and the retraction force of the flat push oil cylinder 5 also reaches the maximum value Fm;

[0076] When installing the attachment, it is preferred to place the rear axle 38 of the attachment into the rear jaw 7 first, and then use the push cylinder 5 to control the movable hook 4 to slide outwards. During the sliding process, place the front axle 37 into the front jaw 6. Since the first waist-shaped hole 22, the second waist-shaped hole 23 and the third waist-shaped hole 24 all have a certain length, at this time, the push cylinder 5 needs to continue to release the output end. At this time, the front safety block 8 rotates clockwise along the rotating shaft 18 under the action of the torsion spring 14. After the limiting part 33 on the front safety block 8 abuts against the limiting rod 34, the end of the front safety block 8 just abuts against the side wall of the front axle 37 to achieve limiting. At the same time, the rear safety block 9 extends forward along the guide rod 27 under the action of the first compression spring 12. When the side wall of the locking nut 28 abuts against the first connecting plate 10, the wear compensation groove 17 is just located directly above the rear axle 38 to achieve the limiting of the rear axle 38.

[0077] The above is only the preferred specific implementation mode of the present invention, and does not limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flat-push triple-insurance connector for an excavator, comprising a housing (1), a first mounting shaft (2) and a second mounting shaft (3) are detachably mounted on the housing (1), and a rear jaw (7) is formed at one end of the housing (1), characterized in that: A push - type oil cylinder (5) is arranged inside the housing (1). The output end of the push - type oil cylinder (5) is connected with a movable hook (4). Guide blocks (31) are arranged on both sides of the movable hook (4). Guide grooves (30) are formed in the housing (1) at positions corresponding to the guide blocks (31). A connecting frame is arranged at the joint of the movable hook (4) and the output end of the push - type oil cylinder (5). A front safety mechanism is arranged on the connecting frame. The front safety mechanism includes a front safety block (8), and a torsion spring (14) is arranged on the front safety block (8). A rear safety mechanism is arranged at the position of the rear jaw (7) of the housing (1). The rear safety mechanism includes a rear safety block (9), and a first compression spring (12) is arranged on the rear safety block (9). A second compression spring (13) is sleeved on the cylinder block of the push - type oil cylinder (5), and one end of the second compression spring (13) acts on the movable hook (4). A wear - compensation groove (17) is formed at one end of the rear safety block (9) close to the rear jaw (7). Suppose the torque of the torsion spring (14) acting on the front safety block (8) is P1, the gravity of the front safety block (8) is G1, and the gravity of the movable hook (4) is G2. When the push - type oil cylinder (5) drives the front safety block (8) to act, P1 > G1. Suppose when the front safety block (8) is completely retracted into the front jaw (6) under the action of the push - type oil cylinder (5), the elastic force of the second compression spring (13) is P2. At this time, P2 > 2×G2 + P1. Suppose when the push - type oil cylinder (5) drives the rear safety block (9) to retract into the rear jaw (7), the elastic force of the second compression spring (13) is P3, the elastic force of the first compression spring (12) is P4, and the retraction force of the push - type oil cylinder (5) is Fm. At this time, Fm > 1.2×(P3 + G2 + 2×P4).

2. The flat push triple-insurance connector for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the housing (1) close to the rear jaw (7) is horizontally provided with a first waist - shaped hole (22). The rear safety block (9) is welded and fixed at one end of the push - type oil cylinder (5). An axial hole is formed in the rear safety block (9) perpendicular to the axis direction. A rear mounting shaft (16) is arranged in the axial hole, and the rear mounting shaft (16) is placed in the first waist - shaped hole (22).

3. The flat push triple-insurance connector for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear safety mechanism further includes a first connecting plate (10) welded between the rear jaws (7). At least one guide hole (26) is formed through the first connecting plate (10). A guide rod (27) is arranged in the guide hole (26). A locking nut (28) is arranged at one end of the guide rod (27), and the other end of the guide rod (27) is detachably connected to the rear safety block (9). The first compression spring (12) is sleeved on the guide rod (27) between the locking nut (28) and the second connecting plate (11).

4. The push - type triple - insurance connector for an excavator according to claim 1, wherein: The front safety mechanism further includes a rotating shaft (18) arranged on the front safety block (8). The torsion spring (14) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (18). The front safety block (8) makes positive and negative circular arc movements around the rotating shaft (18) on the connecting frame.

5. The push - type triple - insurance connector for an excavator according to claim 1, wherein: The output end of the push - type oil cylinder (5) is provided with a front mounting shaft (15). A second waist - shaped hole (23) is arranged on the connecting frame at a position corresponding to the front mounting shaft (15).

6. The push - type triple - insurance connector for an excavator according to claim 1, wherein: On both sides of the front safety block (8), safety link rods (19) are respectively provided, and a third waist-shaped hole (24) is provided at one end of each safety link rod (19) along the rotation path of the front safety block (8).

7. The flat push triple-insurance connector for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting portion (33) is provided at one end of the front safety block (8), and a limiting rod (34) is provided on the housing (1) along the rotation path of the limiting portion (33). After the limiting portion (33) abuts against the limiting rod (34), the distance between the front safety block (8) and the front jaw (6) is less than the diameter of the attachment front shaft (37).

8. The flat-push triple-insurance connector for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the guiding groove (30) is less than the stroke of the flat push oil cylinder (5).

9. The push - type triple - insurance connector for an excavator according to claim 1, wherein: On the side where the rear safety block (9) is located in the direction of entry of the attachment rear shaft (38), a guiding portion (29) is provided.

10. The flat-pushing triple-insurance connector for an excavator according to claim 1, wherein: A second connecting plate (11) is further provided on the housing (1) at the position of the front jaw (6).

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