Geological construction structure and reinforcing structure above deep underground tunnel
By forming an X-shaped arch cover structure on both sides of the tunnel, the damage and collapse problems caused by formation inhomogeneity in deep underground tunnel construction are solved, and the stability and economic benefits of the formations around the tunnel are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422302457.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-19
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is easy to cause damage and ground collapse in deep underground tunnel construction, especially when the shield machine is excavated in the upper, soft and lower hard strata, and damage to surrounding buildings. The increase in grouting and reinforcement depth leads to problems of long construction time and high cost.
The first and second grouting surfaces and reinforcement surfaces in an X-shaped grouting manner are formed by oblique grouting on both sides of the tunnel. The arch cover structure is formed through the grouting intersection area and the reinforcement intersection area, and the arch cover structure is formed to provide multi-directional protection.
It achieves stability protection for the formations around the tunnel, reduces construction disturbances and costs, and is suitable for tunnel projects under complex geological conditions, reducing the impact on the buildings above.
Smart Images
Figure CN223089336U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of geological reinforcement for tunnel construction, and specifically relates to a geological construction structure and a reinforcement structure above a deep underground tunnel. Background Art
[0002] The shield method is often used for the construction of urban subway interval tunnels. With the rapid development of subway construction, there are more and more lines, the interval tunnels are built deeper and deeper, the geological conditions are complex, and when the shield machine tunnels in the soft upper and hard lower strata, the non-uniformity of the strata will cause greater damage to the shield machine, continuously cut the upper soil layer and cause ground collapse, and may also damage important surrounding buildings and structures.
[0003] The usual practice is to grout and reinforce the areas with poor geology before shield tunneling. However, as the interval tunnels are built deeper and deeper, the depth of grouting reinforcement also increases, resulting in long construction time, increased construction costs, etc. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a geological construction structure and a reinforcement structure above a deep underground tunnel, which carry out geological reinforcement according to different geological conditions and surrounding environments, and adopt the method of oblique grouting on both sides of the tunnel to form an arch cover above the tunnel, thus solving the problem of tunnel construction reinforcement.
[0005] The purpose of this application is achieved by the following technical solutions:
[0006] A geological construction structure above a deep underground tunnel includes an underground tunnel. Above the underground tunnel, there are a first grouting surface and a second grouting surface. The first grouting pipe extends underground and reaches the first grouting surface, and the second grouting pipe extends underground and reaches the second grouting surface. The cross-sections of the first grouting surface and the second grouting surface are in an X shape covering the underground tunnel, and a grouting cross area is formed between the first grouting surface and the second grouting surface.
[0007] Further, the first grouting surface and the second grouting surface are symmetrically arranged along the tunnel center line.
[0008] Further, a grouting cross area is formed between the upper parts of the first grouting surface and the second grouting surface, and the lower ends of the first grouting surface and the second grouting surface are lower than the underground tunnel.
[0009] A geological reinforcement structure above a deep underground tunnel includes an underground tunnel. Above the underground tunnel, there are a first reinforcement surface and a second reinforcement surface. The cross-sections of the first reinforcement surface and the second reinforcement surface are in an X shape covering the underground tunnel, and a reinforcement cross area is formed between the first reinforcement surface and the second reinforcement surface.
[0010] Further, the first reinforcement surface and the second reinforcement surface are symmetrically arranged along the tunnel center line.
[0011] Further, a reinforcement cross-region is formed between the upper parts of the first reinforcement surface and the second reinforcement surface, and the lower ends of the first reinforcement surface and the second reinforcement surface are lower than the underground tunnel.
[0012] Further, the first reinforcement surface and the second reinforcement surface are formed by the solidification of grouted concrete.
[0013] Further, the underground tunnel, the first reinforcement surface, and the second reinforcement surface are all located in a soft stratum.
[0014] Further, the upper parts of the underground tunnel, the first reinforcement surface, and the second reinforcement surface are all located in a soft stratum, and the lower parts are all located in a rock stratum.
[0015] Further, there are buildings on the ground above the underground tunnel, the first reinforcement surface, and the second reinforcement surface.
[0016] Advantages of the present application:
[0017] (1) It has a wide range of applications and is suitable for interval tunnel projects with a large buried depth of the tunnel, complex strata, and high requirements for the disturbance of surrounding buildings above the interval tunnel.
[0018] (2) It has good social benefits, ensures the normal tunneling of the shield in the interval tunnel, reduces the disturbance to the upper soil layer of the tunnel, and reduces the impact on important buildings and structures above the tunnel. It can be applied to tunnel projects with strict deformation control and high stability requirements, and has good application prospects.
[0019] (3) It has good economic benefits, reduces the range of stratum reinforcement, and reduces the construction cost.
[0020] The main solution of the present application and its various further alternative solutions can be freely combined to form multiple solutions, all of which are solutions that can be adopted and claimed by the present application; and in the present application, (each non-conflicting alternative) can also be freely combined between alternatives and with other alternatives. Those skilled in the art can understand that there are various combinations according to the prior art and common general knowledge after understanding this solution, all of which are the technical solutions to be protected by the present application, and are not listed exhaustively here. Description of the Drawings
[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present application (composite stratum).
[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present application (soft stratum).
[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present application (existing buildings).
[0024] In the figure: 1 - underground tunnel, 2 - first grouting surface, 3 - second grouting surface, 4 - first grouting pipe, 5 - second grouting pipe, 6 - grouting intersection area, 7 - first reinforcement surface, 8 - second reinforcement surface, 9 - reinforcement intersection area; 101 - soft formation, 102 - rock formation, 103 - building. Specific embodiments
[0025] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
[0026] Embodiment 1
[0027] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a geological construction structure above a deep underground tunnel includes an underground tunnel 1, a first grouting surface 2, a second grouting surface 3, a first grouting pipe 4, a second grouting pipe 5, and a grouting intersection area 6.
[0028] The underground tunnel 1 is an area space for deep underground operation. This construction structure is used to reinforce this area space to ensure the stability of the geology. Above the underground tunnel 1, there are a first grouting surface 2 and a second grouting surface 3. The first grouting surface 2 and the second grouting surface 3 are the surfaces for grouting reinforcement. The grouted concrete fills the surface layer and solidifies to form a reliable reinforcement surface to protect the underground tunnel 1 below.
[0029] The first grouting pipe 4 extends underground and reaches the first grouting surface 2. The first grouting pipe 4 is used to transport grouting concrete to the first grouting surface 2. The second grouting pipe 5 extends underground and reaches the second grouting surface 3. With the second grouting pipe 5, the slurry inlets of the two grouting pipes are both located on the ground, so grouting operation is carried out underground on the ground.
[0030] The cross-sections of the first grouting surface 2 and the second grouting surface 3 are in an X shape covering the underground tunnel 1. Specifically, the first grouting surface 2 and the second grouting surface 3 are symmetrically arranged along the tunnel center line to facilitate the formation of a reinforcement structure symmetric about the tunnel center line on the left and right. The first grouting surface 2 and the first grouting pipe 4 are arranged along the same oblique line, and the second grouting surface 3 and the second grouting pipe 5 are also arranged along the same oblique line. The specific method is to use a drill to drill holes and grout obliquely.
[0031] A grouting intersection area 6 is formed between the upper parts of the first grouting surface 2 and the second grouting surface 3. The lower ends of the first grouting surface 2 and the second grouting surface 3 are lower than the underground tunnel 1. Then, the arch cover formed by the intersection and final grouting of the first grouting surface 2 and the second grouting surface 3 not only protects the upper part of the underground tunnel 1 but also can protect the side of the underground tunnel 1, thereby protecting the stability of the surrounding strata of the underground tunnel 1 in multiple directions.
[0032] Embodiment 2
[0033] A geological reinforcement structure above a deep underground tunnel, comprising an underground tunnel 1, a first reinforcement surface 7 and a second reinforcement surface 8.
[0034] The underground tunnel 1 is a regional space for deep underground operations. This reinforcement structure is used to reinforce this regional space to ensure the stability of the geology. Above the underground tunnel 1, there are a first reinforcement surface 7 and a second reinforcement surface 8. The first reinforcement surface 7 and the second reinforcement surface 8 are formed by the solidification of grouted concrete to protect the underground tunnel 1 below.
[0035] Both the first reinforcement surface 7 and the second reinforcement surface 8 are surface layer structures arranged obliquely. The cross-sections of the first reinforcement surface 7 and the second reinforcement surface 8 are in an X shape covering the underground tunnel 1. Specifically, the first reinforcement surface 7 and the second reinforcement surface 8 are symmetrically arranged along the tunnel center line to form a reinforcement structure that is symmetric about the tunnel center line on the left and right.
[0036] A reinforcement cross-region 9 is formed between the upper parts of the first reinforcement surface 7 and the second reinforcement surface 8. The lower ends of the first reinforcement surface 7 and the second reinforcement surface 8 are lower than the underground tunnel 1. Then, the arch cover formed by the first reinforcement surface 7 and the second reinforcement surface 8 not only protects the upper part of the underground tunnel 1 but also can protect the side of the underground tunnel 1, thus protecting the stability of the surrounding strata of the underground tunnel 1 in multiple directions.
[0037] The working process of this application: Use a geological drill to drill holes obliquely and grout on both sides of the interval tunnel. The grouting range is only set above the interval tunnel to form an arch cover above the tunnel to ensure the stability of the soil above and on the side of the arch cover.
[0038] Example 3
[0039] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the underground tunnel 1, the first reinforcement surface 7 and the second reinforcement surface 8 are all located in the soft stratum 101. For soft strata such as broken strata, sandy strata, and silt strata, the construction structure of Example 1 and the reinforcement structure of Example 2 can greatly reduce the reinforcement workload, shorten the reinforcement time, and reduce the reinforcement cost.
[0040] Example 4
[0041] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the upper parts of the underground tunnel 1, the first reinforcement surface 7 and the second reinforcement surface 8 are all located in the soft stratum 101, and the lower parts are all located in the rock stratum 102. For the soft upper and hard lower strata, after the geological reinforcement is completed by the construction structure of Example 1 and the reinforcement structure of Example 2, it can reduce the spalling of the soft upper soil layer cut by the cutter head of the shield machine rotating for a long time and reduce the risk of ground collapse.
[0042] Example 5
[0043] Reference Figure 3As shown in the figure, there is a building 103 on the ground above the underground tunnel 1, the first reinforcement surface 7 and the second reinforcement surface 8. For the formation with an important building 103 above the shield tunnel, the construction structure of Embodiment 1 and the reinforcement structure of Embodiment 2 can also be adopted.
[0044] The basic example of the present application and its various further selection examples can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are the embodiments that can be adopted and claimed in the present application. In the solution of the present application, each selection example can be arbitrarily combined with any other basic example and selection example.
[0045] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A geological construction structure above a deep underground tunnel, comprising an underground tunnel (1), characterized in that: Above the described underground tunnel (1), there are a first grouting surface (2) and a second grouting surface (3). The first grouting pipe (4) extends into the ground and reaches the first grouting surface (2), and the second grouting pipe (5) extends into the ground and reaches the second grouting surface (3). The cross-sections of the first grouting surface (2) and the second grouting surface (3) are in an X shape covering the underground tunnel (1), and a grouting intersection area (6) is formed between the first grouting surface (2) and the second grouting surface (3).
2. The geological construction structure above the deep underground tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described first grouting surface (2) and second grouting surface (3) are symmetrically arranged along the tunnel center line.
3. The geological construction structure above the deep underground tunnel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A grouting intersection area (6) is formed between the upper parts of the first grouting surface (2) and the second grouting surface (3), and the lower ends of the first grouting surface (2) and the second grouting surface (3) are lower than the underground tunnel (1).
4. A geological reinforcement structure above a deep underground tunnel, comprising an underground tunnel (1), characterized in that: Above the described underground tunnel (1), there are a first reinforcement surface (7) and a second reinforcement surface (8). The cross-sections of the first reinforcement surface (7) and the second reinforcement surface (8) are in an X shape covering the underground tunnel (1), and a reinforcement intersection area (9) is formed between the first reinforcement surface (7) and the second reinforcement surface (8).
5. The geological reinforcement structure above the deep underground tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The described first reinforcement surface (7) and second reinforcement surface (8) are symmetrically arranged along the tunnel center line.
6. The geological reinforcement structure above the deep underground tunnel according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: A reinforcement intersection area (9) is formed between the upper parts of the first reinforcement surface (7) and the second reinforcement surface (8), and the lower ends of the first reinforcement surface (7) and the second reinforcement surface (8) are lower than the underground tunnel (1).
7. The geological reinforcement structure above the deep underground tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The described first reinforcement surface (7) and second reinforcement surface (8) are formed by the solidification of grouted concrete.
8. The geological reinforcement structure above the deep underground tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The described underground tunnel (1), first reinforcement surface (7), and second reinforcement surface (8) are all located within the soft stratum (101).
9. The geological reinforcement structure above the deep underground tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper parts of the described underground tunnel (1), first reinforcement surface (7), and second reinforcement surface (8) are all located within the soft stratum (101), and the lower parts are all located within the rock stratum (102).
10. The geological reinforcement structure above the deep underground tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: Above the ground where the described underground tunnel (1), first reinforcement surface (7), and second reinforcement surface (8) are located, there is a building (103).