Self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experiment device, and belongs to the technical field of thermionic power generation, the thermionic power generation experiment device comprises a vacuum cavity shell, and a receiving pole piece and an emitting pole piece which are arranged in the vacuum cavity shell, the upper end of the vacuum cavity shell is provided with a gap adjusting mechanism and a vacuum gauge group, a heating assembly is arranged at the lower end of the vacuum cavity shell. The vacuum cavity shell comprises a vacuum cavity bottom plate arranged at the upper end of the heating assembly, a vacuum cavity cover plate arranged at the upper end of the vacuum cavity bottom plate, and an electrode positioning support arranged in the vacuum cavity bottom plate and used for installing an emitting electrode piece. The receiving electrode fixing cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the vacuum cavity cover plate; the receiving electrode bracket is connected with the vacuum cavity cover plate and the receiving electrode fixing cover plate in an inserting manner; the self-heating type electrode is adopted, Joule heat is generated through current flowing through the electrode slice to heat the electrode, the complexity of an electrode heating system is greatly reduced, and the thermionic experiment device is more compact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of thermionic power generation, specifically a self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device. Background Art

[0002] Thermionic power generation technology is a cutting-edge energy conversion technology that directly converts thermal energy into electrical energy. Its development history can be traced back to the mid-20th century. After years of research and development, it has shown great application potential in the fields of aerospace, military, etc. A thermionic power generation experimental device is equipment for researching thermionic power generation technology.

[0003] The Chinese utility model patent with the publication number CN110417296B discloses a thermionic power generation experimental device with a protective sleeve. By designing a ceramic protective sleeve sleeved at the end of the receiving electrode plate assembly, the plasma region is constrained within the facing area of the electrodes, so that only an electron jet is generated between the positive emitter plate and the receiving electrode plate, and there is no electron reception at the edges of the electrodes, thus avoiding the overflow phenomenon of the plasma between the electrodes and being conducive to studying the power generation characteristics of the thermionic power generation experimental device. However, in this scheme, by sleeving a ceramic protective sleeve outside the receiving electrode group, compared with the traditional receiving electrode group, the installation is more complex, greatly increasing the complexity and time cost of the experimental operation, and the occupied space becomes larger, which also forces the entire power generation test device to be designed larger and more complex in structure, resulting in a substantial increase in research and development costs and restricting the wide promotion and application of this technology.

[0004] Therefore, this application provides a self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device, aiming to solve the problems in the background art that the existing emitter plate thermionic power generation experimental device is huge in size and complex in structure, resulting in a substantial increase in research and development costs and restricting the wide promotion and application of this technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, this application provides the following technical solution: A self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device, including a vacuum chamber housing and a receiving electrode plate and an emitter plate arranged inside the vacuum chamber housing. A gap adjusting mechanism and a vacuum gauge group are arranged at the upper end of the vacuum chamber housing, and a heating assembly is arranged at the lower end of the vacuum chamber housing;

[0007] The vacuum chamber housing includes a vacuum chamber bottom plate disposed at the upper end of the heating assembly, a vacuum chamber cover plate disposed at the upper end of the vacuum chamber bottom plate, an electrode positioning bracket disposed inside the vacuum chamber bottom plate for mounting the emitter sheet, a collector fixing cover plate disposed at the upper end of the vacuum chamber cover plate, and a collector bracket inserted into the vacuum chamber cover plate and the collector fixing cover plate. A cesium storage glass test tube is disposed at the bottom inside the cavity of the vacuum chamber bottom plate. Among them, the electrode positioning bracket is respectively provided with a bracket fixing hole and a wiring screw fixing hole. An electrode bracket insulating cover plate is disposed at the lower end of the electrode positioning bracket. The collector bracket sequentially penetrates through the collector fixing cover plate, the vacuum chamber cover plate, and the bracket fixing hole. And a collector sheet is welded to one end of the collector bracket close to the emitter sheet. A pure copper wiring screw for connecting to the emitter sheet is inserted into each of the wiring screw fixing holes. Fixed components are disposed at both the upper and lower ends of the pure copper wiring screw. The vacuum chamber housing 1 is used to maintain a cesium vapor environment. The vacuum chamber housing 1 is divided into upper and lower parts, respectively called the cover plate and the bottom plate, both made of 304 stainless steel, and the two are connected by a flange and a sealing gasket. The inner cavity of the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 is a cylinder. The bottom of the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 is maintained at a maximum of 400 °C by electric heating, and the rest of the surface is covered with a heat-insulating material. The vacuum chamber housing 1 is jointly composed of a vacuum chamber cover plate 101, a vacuum chamber bottom plate 102, a collector fixing cover plate 104, and a vacuum chamber sealing gasket 105, and is fixed on the electric heating platform 401. During the experiment, the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 is heated by the electric heating platform 401, and forced convection heat dissipation is performed on the upper half of the vacuum chamber by a fan to ensure that the working temperature of the sealing gasket does not exceed 80 °C and ensure the sealing performance of the vacuum chamber.

[0008] Preferably, two fixing components are disposed at one end of the pure copper wiring screw away from the vacuum chamber cover plate, and the two fixing components are symmetrically distributed. The emitter sheet is located between the two fixing components.

[0009] Preferably, an alumina insulating gasket for inserting the pure copper wiring screw is disposed at one end of the vacuum chamber cover plate away from the vacuum chamber bottom plate. One end of the pure copper wiring screw away from the emitter sheet is inserted into the vacuum chamber cover plate. The insertion portion of the pure copper wiring screw and the alumina insulating gasket on the vacuum chamber cover plate is connected by two fixing components. Among them, the fixing component includes a hexagon nut sleeved on the pure copper wiring screw and a conductive copper sheet disposed at the lower end of the hexagon nut.

[0010] Preferably, through holes for inserting the receiving electrode support are provided on both the vacuum chamber cover plate and the receiving electrode fixing cover plate. The receiving electrode support is sequentially inserted into the through holes of the receiving electrode fixing cover plate, the vacuum chamber cover plate, and the support fixing hole. A support alumina insulating sleeve for insulating the receiving electrode support is inserted at the through hole and the support fixing hole on the vacuum chamber cover plate. One end of the support alumina insulating sleeve away from the vacuum chamber cover plate penetrates through the electrode support insulating cover plate.

[0011] Preferably, wiring copper screw alumina insulating sleeves are provided inside the wiring screw fixing holes provided in the electrode positioning support. The pure copper wiring screw is inserted through the wiring copper screw alumina insulating sleeve. Multiple vacuum chamber communication grooves are provided on the outside of the electrode positioning support. A heat - equalizing aluminum ring is bonded to the upper side of the bottom of the electrode positioning support cylinder, and a ceramic heating coil is provided at the upper end of the heat - equalizing aluminum ring.

[0012] Preferably, a vacuum chamber sealing gasket is provided between the vacuum chamber bottom plate and the vacuum chamber cover plate, and a receiving electrode cover plate sealing gasket is provided between the vacuum chamber cover plate and the receiving electrode fixing cover plate. The receiving electrode fixing cover plate 104 is made of an insulating material such as nylon or plastic and is installed on the top of the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 through nuts. The two form a seal through the receiving electrode cover plate sealing gasket 106.

[0013] Preferably, the heating assembly includes a heat - transfer aluminum platform provided at the lower end of the vacuum chamber bottom plate and an electric heating platform installed at the lower end of the heat - transfer aluminum platform. The electric heating platform 401 is used for fixing and heating the vacuum chamber, with a power of not less than one kilowatt and a maximum temperature of not less than 400 °C. A heat - transfer aluminum platform 402 is provided thereon to accommodate the blind tube at the bottom of the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102.

[0014] Preferably, the gap adjusting mechanism includes a micrometer head for connecting with the receiving electrode support and an aluminum profile fixing bracket provided on the micrometer head.

[0015] Preferably, a bottom plate alumina insulating cover plate for sleeving the cesium - storage glass test tube is provided inside the vacuum chamber bottom plate. A blind tube protruding towards the heat - transfer aluminum platform is provided at the lower end of the vacuum chamber bottom plate, and the cesium - storage glass test tube is inserted into the blind tube.

[0016] Preferably, the vacuum gauge group includes a vacuum pipeline installed on the receiving electrode fixing cover plate and a vacuum gauge fixing bracket provided outside the vacuum pipeline. An ionization gauge and a resistance gauge are respectively installed on the vacuum gauge fixing bracket. One end of the vacuum pipeline away from the receiving electrode fixing cover plate is provided with a vacuum interface.

[0017] This thermionic power generation experimental device uses a self-heating electrode. Joule heat is generated by the current flowing through the electrode plate to heat the electrode, greatly reducing the complexity of the electrode heating system and making the thermionic experimental device more compact.

[0018] This thermionic power generation experimental device divides the main body of the device into several parts, with a relatively simple structure, avoiding the problems of large size and complex structure of previous experimental benches, and reducing research and development costs.

[0019] In this thermionic power generation experimental device, the electrode plates can be installed in the vacuum chamber by removing the cover plate. The fixing and connection methods of the receiving electrode plate and the emitting electrode plate are relatively simple, reducing the difficulty of electrode installation and improving the experimental efficiency.

[0020] This thermionic power generation experimental device, through the reasonable design of each part of the vacuum chamber, such as heating by an electrothermal platform and forced convection heat dissipation by a fan, ensures that the working temperature of the sealing gasket is appropriate, guaranteeing the sealing performance of the vacuum chamber and stable experimental conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional view of the vacuum chamber and its internal parts;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the front view of the electrode fixing bracket;

[0024] Figure 4 It is the top view of the electrode fixing bracket.

[0025] In the figure:

[0026] 1. Vacuum chamber housing;

[0027] 101. Vacuum chamber cover plate; 102. Vacuum chamber bottom plate; 103. Electrode positioning bracket; 104. Receiving electrode fixing cover plate; 105. Vacuum chamber sealing gasket; 106. Receiving electrode cover plate sealing gasket; 107. Cesium storage glass test tube; 108. Heat equalizing aluminum ring; 109. Ceramic heating coil; 110. Electrode bracket insulating cover plate; 111. Bottom plate alumina insulating cover plate; 112. Receiving electrode bracket; 113. Bracket alumina insulating bushing; 114. Hexagonal nut; 115. Conductive copper sheet; 116. Alumina insulating gasket; 117. Pure copper wiring screw; 118. Wiring copper screw alumina insulating bushing; 119. Emitter plate; 120. Receiving electrode plate;

[0028] 2. Gap adjustment mechanism;

[0029] 201. Aluminum profile fixing bracket; 202. Micrometer head;

[0030] 3. Vacuum gauge set;

[0031] 301. Vacuum gauge fixing bracket; 302. Ionization gauge; 303. Resistance gauge; 304. Vacuum pipeline; 305. Vacuum interface;

[0032] 4. Heating assembly;

[0033] 401. Electric heating platform; 402. Heat transfer aluminum table;

[0034] 5. Bracket fixing hole;

[0035] 6. Wiring screw fixing hole;

[0036] 7. Vacuum chamber communication groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0038] This embodiment provides a self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device, as Figures 1-4 shown. The thermionic power generation experimental device includes a vacuum chamber housing 1 and a receiving electrode plate 120 and an emitting electrode plate 119 disposed inside the vacuum chamber housing 1. A gap adjusting mechanism 2 and a vacuum gauge set 3 are provided at the upper end of the vacuum chamber housing 1, and a heating assembly 4 is provided at the lower end of the vacuum chamber housing 1;

[0039] The vacuum chamber housing 1 includes a vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 disposed at the upper end of the heating assembly 4, a vacuum chamber cover plate 101 disposed at the upper end of the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102, an electrode positioning bracket 103 disposed inside the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 for mounting the emitter sheet 119, a collector fixing cover plate 104 disposed at the upper end of the vacuum chamber cover plate 101, and a collector bracket 112 inserted into the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 and the collector fixing cover plate 104. A cesium storage glass test tube 107 is disposed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102. Among them, a bracket fixing hole 5 and a wiring screw fixing hole 6 are respectively formed on the electrode positioning bracket 103. An electrode bracket insulating cover plate 110 is disposed at the lower end of the electrode positioning bracket 103. The collector bracket 112 is sequentially inserted through the collector fixing cover plate 104, the vacuum chamber cover plate 101, and the bracket fixing hole 5. A collector sheet 120 is welded to one end of the collector bracket 112 close to the emitter sheet 119. Pure copper wiring screws 117 for connecting to the emitter sheet 119 are inserted into the wiring screw fixing holes 6. Fixing components are disposed at both the upper and lower ends of the pure copper wiring screws 117.

[0040] Specifically, the vacuum chamber housing 1 is used to maintain a cesium vapor environment. The vacuum chamber housing 1 is divided into upper and lower parts, respectively called the cover plate and the bottom plate, both made of 304 stainless steel and connected by a flange and a sealing gasket. The inner cavity of the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 is a cylinder. The bottom of the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 is maintained at a maximum temperature of 400 °C by electric heating, and the rest of the surface is covered with a heat-insulating material.

[0041] The vacuum chamber housing 1 is composed of a vacuum chamber cover plate 101, a vacuum chamber bottom plate 102, a collector fixing cover plate 104, and a vacuum chamber sealing gasket 105, and is fixed on the electric heating platform 401. During the experiment, the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 is heated by the electric heating platform 401, and forced convection heat dissipation is carried out on the upper half of the vacuum chamber by a fan to ensure that the working temperature of the sealing gasket does not exceed 80 °C and ensure the sealing performance of the vacuum chamber.

[0042] During the experiment, the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 is heated to a temperature not higher than 327 °C. Among them, the blind tube storing metallic cesium is cooled to a specified temperature by an air flow to provide a cesium vapor environment at a specified pressure. After the thermionic emission measurement, first, the blind tube where the metallic cesium is located is cooled to recover the cesium vapor. After the temperature of the blind tube is lower than 150 °C, the electric heating platform 401 is turned off. After the temperature of the vacuum chamber drops to 40 °C, the vacuum pump is turned off and argon gas is injected into the vacuum chamber through a vacuum pipeline for inert gas protection. After the pressure in the vacuum chamber returns to atmospheric pressure, the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 is opened and the cesium storage blind tube is sealed with a sealing plug to prevent air from contaminating the metallic cesium.

[0043] One end of the pure copper connection screw 117 away from the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 is provided with two fixing components, and the two fixing components are symmetrically distributed. The emitter plate 119 is located between the two fixing components. One end of the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 away from the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 is provided with an alumina insulating gasket 116 for the pure copper connection screw 117 to be inserted. One end of the pure copper connection screw 117 away from the emitter plate 119 is inserted into the vacuum chamber cover plate 101. The insertion part of the pure copper connection screw 117 and the alumina insulating gasket 116 on the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 is connected by two fixing components. Among them, the fixing component includes a hexagonal nut 114 sleeved on the pure copper connection screw 117 and a conductive copper sheet 115 arranged at the lower end of the hexagonal nut 114. Both the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 and the receiving electrode fixed cover plate 104 are provided with through holes for inserting the receiving electrode bracket 112. The receiving electrode bracket 112 is sequentially inserted into the through holes of the receiving electrode fixed cover plate 104 and the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 and the bracket fixing hole 5. A bracket alumina insulating sleeve 113 for insulating with the receiving electrode bracket 112 is inserted at the through hole and the bracket fixing hole 5 on the vacuum chamber cover plate 101. One end of the bracket alumina insulating sleeve 113 away from the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 penetrates through the electrode bracket insulating cover plate 110.

[0044] More specifically, the electrode positioning bracket 103 is made of stainless steel and has a cylindrical structure. Two groups of hole positions are arranged inside its bottom and are connected to the top through a thin-walled tube. Among them, the through hole in the center is used to position the receiving electrode bracket 112, and the four symmetrically distributed through holes are used to fix the pure copper connection screw 117; the vacuum chamber communication groove 7 opened on the side of the electrode positioning bracket 103 and the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 and the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 together form a gap structure, so that the cesium vapor at the bottom condenses and recovers during the rising process, avoiding the corrosion and damage of the vacuum chamber sealing gasket 105 located between the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 and the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102. The vacuum chamber cover plate 101 is connected to the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 through a flange. The flange is provided with a through hole for installing the pure copper connection screw 117, a through hole for installing the receiving electrode bracket 112 at the center, a through hole for the lead of the ceramic heating coil 109, and a straight tube for connecting the vacuum gauge group is welded. A corrugated tube is welded at the upper end of the center of the flange to provide the axial displacement of the receiving electrode plate 120;

[0045] Among them, several hole positions are opened on the vacuum chamber cover plate 101, which are respectively the electrode column installation holes for the emitter plate 119, the electrode column installation holes for the receiving electrode plate 120, the vacuum pumping holes and the wire holes.

[0046] Inside the wiring screw fixing holes 6 formed in the electrode positioning bracket 103, there are wiring copper screw alumina insulation sleeves 118. The pure copper wiring screw 117 is inserted through the wiring copper screw alumina insulation sleeve 118. Multiple vacuum chamber communication grooves 7 are formed on the outside of the electrode positioning bracket 103. On the upper side of the bottom of the electrode positioning bracket 103 cylinder, there is a heat - equalizing aluminum ring 108 bonded, and on the upper end of the heat - equalizing aluminum ring 108, there is a ceramic heating coil 109.

[0047] Furthermore, the pure copper wiring screw 117 is located in the designated holes of the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 and the electrode positioning bracket 103, and the two are tightly connected by nuts. The pure copper wiring screw 117 and the electrode positioning bracket 103 are insulated by the wiring copper screw alumina insulation sleeve 118, and the gap is sealed with heat - resistant ceramic glue. The wiring screw is used for the mechanical fixation and electrical connection of the emitter sheet 119. The pure copper material is selected to reduce the resistance and the self - heating of the wiring screw, avoiding the upward diffusion of cesium vapor along the gap to corrode the sealing parts. Considering the comprehensive heat transfer and electrical conductivity, the optimal range of the screw diameter is 3 - 5 mm. The heat - equalizing aluminum ring 108 is fixed to the upper side of the bottom of the electrode positioning bracket 103 cylinder by heat - resistant ceramic glue, improving the temperature uniformity at the top of the electrode positioning bracket 103 through the high thermal conductivity of aluminum and avoiding the damage of the vacuum chamber due to uneven thermal stress. The ceramic heating coil 109 is fixed to the top of the heat - equalizing aluminum ring 108 by heat - resistant ceramic glue, and the temperature of the aluminum ring can be controlled by electric heating, thereby controlling the temperature of the bottom of the electrode positioning bracket 103 and avoiding the condensation of cesium vapor here, resulting in a decrease in cesium vapor pressure and failure to reach the specified experimental conditions.

[0048] A vacuum chamber sealing gasket 105 is arranged between the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 and the vacuum chamber cover plate 101, and a receiver cover plate sealing gasket 106 is arranged between the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 and the receiver fixing cover plate 104.

[0049] It should be noted that the receiver fixing cover plate 104 is made of insulating materials such as nylon and plastic. It is installed on the top of the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 through nuts, and the two form a seal through the receiver cover plate sealing gasket 106;

[0050] A through - hole is provided in the center of the receiver fixing cover plate 104 for installing the receiver bracket 112, and the two are sealed and fixed with glue. The vacuum chamber sealing gasket 105 prevents the corrosion and damage caused by cesium vapor between the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 and the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102.

[0051] The heating assembly 4 includes a heat - transfer aluminum platform 402 arranged at the lower end of the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 and an electric heating platform 401 installed at the lower end of the heat - transfer aluminum platform 402.

[0052] Among them, the electric heating platform 401 is used for the fixation and heating of the vacuum chamber, with a power not less than one kilowatt and a maximum temperature not less than 400 °C. A heat transfer aluminum platform 402 is arranged thereon to accommodate the blind tube at the bottom of the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102.

[0053] The gap adjusting mechanism 2 includes a micrometer head 202 for connecting with the receiving electrode bracket 112 and an aluminum profile fixing bracket 201 arranged on the micrometer head 202.

[0054] Among them, the gap adjusting mechanism 2 is mainly used to adjust the width of the electrode gap.

[0055] Inside the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102, there is a bottom plate alumina insulating cover plate 111 for sleeving with the cesium storage glass test tube 107. At the lower end of the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102, there is a blind tube protruding towards the heat transfer aluminum platform 402, and the cesium storage glass test tube 107 is inserted into the blind tube.

[0056] Among them, the bottom of the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 is welded to the blind tube for the storage and heating of cesium.

[0057] The vacuum gauge group 3 includes a vacuum pipeline 304 installed on the receiving electrode fixing cover plate 104 and a vacuum gauge fixing bracket 301 arranged outside the vacuum pipeline 304. An ionization gauge 302 and a resistance gauge 303 are respectively installed on the vacuum gauge fixing bracket 301. One end of the vacuum pipeline 304 far from the receiving electrode fixing cover plate 104 is provided with a vacuum interface 305.

[0058] Among them, the gap adjusting mechanism 2 is used to measure the vacuum degree; it consists of the vacuum gauge fixing bracket 301, the ionization gauge 302 and the resistance gauge 303. The vacuum gauge group 3 is arranged between the vacuum chamber and the vacuum pump through the vacuum pipeline 304.

[0059] During use, the main body of the experimental device is divided into four parts, which are, from top to bottom in sequence, the micrometer head 202 and its aluminum profile fixing bracket 201, the vacuum gauge group 3, the vacuum chamber housing 1 and the heating component 4. Among them, the vacuum gauge group 3 and the vacuum chamber housing 1 are connected through the vacuum pipeline 304, and the airtightness is enhanced by using vacuum sealant at the interface; during the experiment, the vacuum chamber bottom plate 102 is heated to a temperature not higher than 327 °C, and the blind tube storing metallic cesium is cooled to a specified temperature by the air flow to provide a cesium vapor environment with a specified pressure. After the thermionic emission measurement, first cool the blind tube where the metallic cesium is located to recover the cesium vapor. When the temperature of the blind tube is lower than 150 °C, turn off the electric heating platform 401. After the temperature of the vacuum chamber drops to 40 °C, turn off the vacuum pump and inject argon into the vacuum chamber through the vacuum pipeline for inert gas protection. After the pressure in the vacuum chamber returns to atmospheric pressure, open the vacuum chamber cover plate 101 and seal the cesium storage blind tube through the sealing plug. The right port of the vacuum gauge group 3 can be connected to a diffusion pump or a molecular pump unit for evacuation. The experiment can be carried out only when the vacuum degree is higher than 0.001 Pa.

[0060] As described above, it is only the preferred specific implementation mode of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, according to the technical solution and its concept of the present application, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device, comprising a vacuum chamber housing (1) and a receiving electrode plate (120) and an emitter plate (119) arranged inside the vacuum chamber housing (1). A gap adjusting mechanism (2) and a vacuum gauge set (3) are arranged at the upper end of the vacuum chamber housing (1), and a heating assembly (4) is arranged at the lower end of the vacuum chamber housing (1). It is characterized in that: The vacuum chamber housing (1) includes a vacuum chamber bottom plate (102) arranged at the upper end of the heating assembly (4), a vacuum chamber cover plate (101) arranged at the upper end of the vacuum chamber bottom plate (102), an electrode positioning bracket (103) arranged inside the vacuum chamber bottom plate (102) for installing the emitter plate (119), a receiving electrode fixing cover plate (104) arranged at the upper end of the vacuum chamber cover plate (101), and a receiving electrode bracket (112) inserted into the vacuum chamber cover plate (101) and the receiving electrode fixing cover plate (104). A cesium storage glass test tube (107) is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber bottom plate (102). Among them, a bracket fixing hole (5) and a wiring screw fixing hole (6) are respectively formed on the electrode positioning bracket (103). An electrode bracket insulating cover plate (110) is arranged at the lower end of the electrode positioning bracket (103). The receiving electrode bracket (112) is sequentially inserted through the receiving electrode fixing cover plate (104), the vacuum chamber cover plate (101) and the bracket fixing hole (5). And a receiving electrode plate (120) is welded to one end of the receiving electrode bracket (112) close to the emitter plate (119). Pure copper wiring screws (117) for connecting with the emitter plate (119) are inserted at the wiring screw fixing holes (6). Fixing components are arranged at both the upper and lower ends of the pure copper wiring screw (117).

2. The self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: Two fixing components are arranged at one end of the pure copper wiring screw (117) away from the vacuum chamber cover plate (101), and the two fixing components are symmetrically distributed. The emitter plate (119) is located between the two fixing components.

3. The self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device according to claim 1, wherein An alumina insulating gasket (116) for inserting the pure copper wiring screw (117) is arranged at one end of the vacuum chamber cover plate (101) away from the vacuum chamber bottom plate (102). One end of the pure copper wiring screw (117) away from the emitter plate (119) is inserted into the vacuum chamber cover plate (101). The insertion part of the pure copper wiring screw (117) and the alumina insulating gasket (116) on the vacuum chamber cover plate (101) is connected by two fixing components. Among them, the fixing component includes a hexagonal nut (114) sleeved on the pure copper wiring screw (117) and a conductive copper sheet (115) arranged at the lower end of the hexagonal nut (114).

4. The self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum chamber cover plate (101) and the receiving electrode fixing cover plate (104) are both provided with through holes for inserting the receiving electrode support (112). The receiving electrode support (112) is sequentially inserted into the through holes of the receiving electrode fixing cover plate (104) and the vacuum chamber cover plate (101) and the support fixing hole (5). A support alumina insulating sleeve (113) for insulating with the receiving electrode support (112) is inserted at the through hole and the support fixing hole (5) on the vacuum chamber cover plate (101). One end of the support alumina insulating sleeve (113) away from the vacuum chamber cover plate (101) penetrates through the electrode support insulating cover plate (110).

5. The self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Inside the wiring screw fixing holes (6) opened in the electrode positioning support (103), wiring copper screw alumina insulating sleeves (118) are provided. The pure copper wiring screw (117) is inserted through the wiring copper screw alumina insulating sleeve (118). Multiple vacuum chamber communication grooves (7) are opened on the outside of the electrode positioning support (103). A heat - equalizing aluminum ring (108) is adhesively bonded to the upper side of the bottom of the electrode positioning support (103). A ceramic heating coil (109) is arranged at the upper end of the heat - equalizing aluminum ring (108).

6. The self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: A vacuum chamber sealing gasket (105) is arranged between the vacuum chamber bottom plate (102) and the vacuum chamber cover plate (101). A receiving electrode cover sealing gasket (106) is arranged between the vacuum chamber cover plate (101) and the receiving electrode fixing cover plate (104).

7. The self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating assembly (4) includes a heat - transfer aluminum platform (402) arranged at the lower end of the vacuum chamber bottom plate (102) and an electric heating platform (401) installed at the lower end of the heat - transfer aluminum platform (402).

8. The self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: The gap adjusting mechanism (2) includes a micrometer head (202) for connecting with the receiving electrode support (112) and an aluminum profile fixing bracket (201) arranged on the micrometer head (202).

9. The self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Inside the vacuum chamber bottom plate (102), a bottom plate alumina insulating cover plate (111) for sleeving with the cesium storage glass test tube (107) is provided. A blind tube protruding towards the heat - transfer aluminum platform (402) is arranged at the lower end of the vacuum chamber bottom plate (102). The cesium storage glass test tube (107) is inserted into the blind tube.

10. The self-heating emitter thermionic power generation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum gauge set (3) includes a vacuum pipeline (304) installed on the receiving electrode fixing cover plate (104) and a vacuum gauge fixing bracket (301) arranged outside the vacuum pipeline (304). An ionization gauge (302) and a resistance gauge (303) are respectively installed on the vacuum gauge fixing bracket (301). One end of the vacuum pipeline (304) away from the receiving electrode fixing cover plate (104) is provided with a vacuum interface (305).

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