Common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharge of floor type squat silo

Abstract

A common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharge of a floor type squat silo comprises a plurality of rectangular pipelines buried below the squat silo and a grain discharge conveyor capable of extending into and out of the rectangular pipelines, and the upper top walls of the rectangular pipelines are flush with the silo bottom of the squat silo. A plurality of ventilation holes communicated with the squat silo and a plurality of grain unloading funnels distributed in the length direction of the rectangular pipeline are formed in the upper top wall, valves are arranged below the grain unloading funnels, and the horizontal position of a grain inlet of the grain outlet conveyor is located below the horizontal positions of the grain unloading funnels; according to the utility model, the construction and delivery cost of the squat silo is reduced, and the delivery efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of grain storage in ground - supported shallow silos, and specifically relates to a common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of ground - supported shallow silos. Background Art

[0002] Shallow silos are the mainstream silo types in the current construction of new grain silos. During the construction of silos, mechanical ventilation facilities are equipped to enable the silo to have functions such as ventilation for temperature reduction and precipitation, so as to improve the safety of grain storage. In - and - out silo facilities are equipped to ensure the smooth flow of grain in and out of the silo. The ventilation and in - and - out silo functions are the basic requirements for silo construction. The bottom of the shallow silo can be divided into construction forms such as ground - supported flat - bottom structure, overhead large - cone hopper, multi - cone hopper or flat - bottom structure, etc. At present, due to its low construction cost, the ground - supported shallow silo has become the main silo type in the construction of the grain storage industry mainly engaged in long - term storage business.

[0003] Due to different requirements for the rotation cycle of ground - supported shallow silos, different bottom structures are formed during the construction process: usually, different types of air ducts are set in the silo, and a fan is used to ventilate the grain pile through the air ducts to achieve the purpose of reducing grain temperature and balancing the internal temperature of the grain pile, eliminating potential hazards inside the grain pile during the grain storage process to ensure the safety of grain storage; a working tower or steel frame is set up for a group of shallow silos, and the vertical transportation in the tower is combined with the horizontal transportation at the silo top to realize the grain intake into the silo; a grain discharging port is set on the floor of the ground - supported shallow silo, and a grain discharging corridor and a fixed conveyor are set under the floor. The grain in the silo can be quickly discharged through the grain discharging port and the fixed conveyor. However, the construction cost of this silo type is relatively high (setting up a grain discharging corridor will increase the cost of a silo with a capacity of 10,000 tons by 750,000 - 1,000,000 yuan per silo. If the bottom structure of the silo adopts an overhead design of a large - cone hopper or multi - cone hopper, the cost per 10,000 - ton silo capacity will increase even more); for grain depots mainly engaged in storage business for a long time, the storage period of grain after it is put into the silo is generally 3 - 5 years. The design of the grain discharging corridor not only increases the construction cost of the silo, but also causes the long - term idle of conveying equipment, low utilization rate and high maintenance cost.

[0004] In the prior art, when discharging grain from a ground - supported shallow silo without a grain discharging port in the silo, except for part of the grain flowing out of the silo by itself through the high - level and low - level discharging pipes, the remaining grain can only be discharged from the silo door. Although a large amount of silo construction costs are saved, the method of discharging grain from the silo door also has disadvantages such as slow discharging speed, high labor intensity, poor working environment and high discharging cost. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to solve the problems of high grain discharging cost, slow discharging speed and long discharging time of the ground - supported shallow silo without a grain discharging port in the silo in the prior art, the utility model provides a common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of the ground - supported shallow silo, which reduces the grain discharging cost of the shallow silo and improves the discharging efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the specific solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows: A common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo, comprising a plurality of rectangular pipelines arranged below the floor of the shallow silo and a grain discharging conveyor capable of entering and exiting the rectangular pipelines. The upper top wall of the rectangular pipeline is flush with the floor inside the shallow silo, and a plurality of ventilation holes communicating with the shallow silo are provided on the upper top wall, and a plurality of grain discharging funnels arranged along the length direction of the rectangular pipeline are provided. A valve is arranged below the grain discharging funnel, and the horizontal position of the grain inlet of the grain discharging conveyor is located below the horizontal position of the grain discharging funnel.

[0007] As an optimized solution of the above common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo: One end of the rectangular pipeline extends along the radius direction of the shallow silo towards the center to a distance of 0.4 - 0.6 m from the center point of the silo.

[0008] As another optimized solution of the above common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo: The other end of the rectangular pipeline extends out of the shallow silo and extends outward by 1 - 2 m beyond the outer wall of the shallow silo.

[0009] As another optimized solution of the above common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo: The diameter of the ventilation hole is 1 - 5 mm.

[0010] As another optimized solution of the above common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo: The grain discharging conveyor is a screw conveyor, a scraper conveyor, a belt conveyor, a flexible screw conveyor, etc.

[0011] As another optimized solution of the above common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo: The valve includes a grain discharging pipe communicating with the grain discharging funnel. A blocking plate capable of cutting off the grain discharging pipe is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the grain discharging pipe, and a pneumatic push rod for driving the blocking plate to rotate is arranged outside the grain discharging pipe.

[0012] As another optimized solution of the above common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo: A hinge seat is fixedly connected to the blocking plate. The telescopic rod of the pneumatic push rod is rotatably connected to the hinge seat, and the base of the pneumatic push rod is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the grain discharging pipe.

[0013] As another optimized solution of the above common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo: A support plate is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the grain discharging pipe, and the base of the pneumatic push rod is rotatably connected to the support plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The utility model provides a common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a ground - type shallow silo. When the shallow silo stores grain, the air duct of the shallow silo and the rectangular pipeline can ventilate the shallow silo through ventilation holes, and at this time, there is no grain discharging conveyor in the rectangular pipeline. When the shallow silo discharges grain, the grain discharging conveyor is moved into the rectangular pipeline, and the grain discharging conveyor with an open upper surface is located right below the grain unloading funnel. The valve is opened, and by using the flow - dispersion characteristic of the grain, the grain flows by gravity into the grain discharging conveyor, and finally the grain is loaded into the grain transport vehicle through the grain discharging port of the grain discharging conveyor outside the silo, completing the grain discharging operation of the shallow silo, achieving the purpose of both reducing the construction cost of the shallow silo and improving the grain discharging efficiency.

[0016] 2. In the utility model, several branch air ducts in the radial ground trough air duct are changed into a common pipeline for ventilation and bin discharging. The changed rectangular pipeline is arranged under the floor of the shallow silo, and its upper top wall is flush with the floor inside the silo, forming the biggest difference point from the above - ground cage air duct: there are no obstacles on the floor inside the silo, which is convenient for using mechanical or manual methods to push the remaining grain into the grain unloading funnel. The rectangular pipeline does not affect the cleaning operation inside the silo, thus greatly improving the grain discharging efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the air duct and the rectangular pipeline inside the shallow silo in Embodiment 1;

[0018] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the grain unloading funnel on the rectangular pipeline;

[0019] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure without a grain discharging conveyor in the rectangular pipeline;

[0020] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure with the grain discharging conveyor located in the rectangular pipeline;

[0021] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is Figure 3 a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the valve structure in FIG.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Shallow silo, 101. Bin door, 2. Rectangular pipeline, 201. Grain unloading funnel, 202. Extended section, 203. Extended segment, 204. Cover plate, 206. Ventilation hole, 3. Plugging plate, 301. Driven gear, 302. Pneumatic push rod, 4. Grain discharging pipe, 5. Grain discharging conveyor, 501. Spiral blade, 502. Grain discharging port, 503. Driving motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further elaborated in detail below in combination with specific embodiments. For parts that are not detailedly recorded and disclosed in the following embodiments of the present utility model, they should all be understood as the prior art known or should be known to those skilled in the art, such as how the grain discharging conveyor 5 enters and exits the rectangular duct 2, the connection method of the support rod and the cover plate 204, etc.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] The shallow silo 1 is a circular silo and there is a silo door 101 provided on the shallow silo 1. During the construction of the ground-supported shallow silo 1, different types of air ducts are usually provided inside the silo. The fan is used to ventilate the grain pile through the air ducts to achieve the purpose of reducing the grain temperature and balancing the internal temperature of the grain pile. The air ducts are arranged in a radial, comb-shaped, annular, guillotine-shaped or abundant-shaped manner, etc., and the number of air ducts is 8 - 12. In this embodiment, the total number of air ducts is 12, and they are arranged in two groups of radial air ducts along the central axis of the shallow silo. A common duct system for ventilation and grain discharging of the ground-supported shallow silo 1 includes multiple rectangular ducts 2 arranged under the floor of the shallow silo 1 and a grain discharging conveyor 5 that can enter and exit the rectangular duct 2. One end of the rectangular duct 2 extends towards the center along the radius direction of the shallow silo 1, and multiple rectangular ducts 2 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shallow silo 1. The number of rectangular ducts 2 is 2 - 8. In this embodiment, the number of rectangular ducts 2 is 4, and these 4 rectangular ducts 2 are obtained by improving the ground trough air ducts. Specifically, one end of the duct extends towards the center of the shallow silo 1 to form an extension section 203, and the other end of the air duct extends out of the outer wall of the shallow silo 1 to form an extension section 202. Finally, the duct, the extension section 203 and the extension section 202 form the rectangular duct 2 in this embodiment. And in this embodiment, there are two branch air ducts between adjacent two rectangular ducts 2, making the ventilation of the shallow silo 1 more uniform. Changing the ground trough air ducts into rectangular ducts 2 does not require building additional rectangular ducts 2, reducing the construction cost of the shallow silo 1. When the shallow silo 1 is used for storing grain, there is no grain discharging conveyor 5 in the rectangular duct 2, and the shallow silo 1 is ventilated through the rectangular duct 2 and the other air ducts; when the grain needs to be discharged from the silo, the grain discharging conveyor 5 is moved into the rectangular duct 2 for grain discharging operation.

[0026] The extension section 203 of the rectangular duct 2 is 0.5 m away from the center of the silo. The other end of the rectangular duct 2 extends out of the outer wall of the shallow silo 1 to form an extension section 202, with a distance of 1 - 2 m from the outer wall of the shallow silo 1. The end face of the extension has a seal door that can be conveniently opened for the entry and exit of the grain discharging conveyor.

[0027] The upper top wall of the rectangular pipeline 2 is flush with the floor of the shallow silo 1, and a plurality of ventilation holes 206 communicating with the shallow silo 1 are opened on this top wall, and a plurality of grain unloading funnels 201 distributed along the length direction of the rectangular pipeline 2 are provided. In this embodiment, the rectangular pipeline 2 includes a "U"-shaped member with an opening upward arranged under the floor, and a cover plate 204 is laid on the opening of the "U"-shaped member. The cover plate 204 is the upper top wall of the above-described rectangular pipeline 2. The ventilation holes 206 are opened on the cover plate 204 and are evenly distributed on the cover plate 204; and the grain unloading funnels 201 are also arranged on the upper top wall of the rectangular pipeline. The top surface of the grain unloading funnel 201 is flush with the upper top wall of the pipeline and the upper surface of the cover plate 204, and the bottom end of the grain unloading funnel 201 extends into the rectangular pipeline 2. When the grain is out of the silo, the grain out conveyor 5 is moved into the rectangular pipeline 2, and the grain in the shallow silo 1 flows into the grain out conveyor 5 through the grain unloading funnel 201, and is output to the outside of the shallow silo 1 through the grain out conveyor 5, and the grain is lifted by other conveying equipment and then loaded onto the vehicle and transported away, and the grain out efficiency is high. At the same time, there are no obstacles on the floor of the silo, and the remaining grain can be conveniently pushed into the grain unloading funnel 201 by the silo cleaning machine, further improving the grain out efficiency.

[0028] The number of the grain unloading funnels 201 on each rectangular pipeline is 2 - 8. In this embodiment, the number of the grain unloading funnels 201 is 3.

[0029] The diameter of the ventilation holes 206 is 1 - 5 mm. In this embodiment, the diameter of the ventilation holes 206 is 3 mm.

[0030] The grain out conveyor 5 is a screw conveyor, a scraper conveyor, a belt conveyor or a flexible screw conveyor, etc. In this embodiment, the grain out conveyor 5 is a screw conveyor. Specifically, the grain out conveyor 5 includes a housing. As Figure 3 described, the upper part of the housing is open, and it can receive the incoming grain from a plurality of grain unloading funnels 201, and its position is located below the grain unloading funnel 201. When the grain out conveyor 5 is moved into the rectangular pipeline 2 for grain out, the upper part of the screw is open and is directly below the grain unloading funnel 201, and the width of the screw conveyor housing is greater than the size of the bottom opening of the grain unloading funnel 201, ensuring that all the grain flowing down from the grain unloading funnel 201 can pass through and enter the screw conveyor housing. The end of the screw conveyor housing extending into the shallow silo 1 inside the silo is a sealed end, and the end of the housing outside the silo extending out of the shallow silo 2 is provided with a grain outlet 502. A spiral blade 501 is provided inside the housing, and a driving motor 503 for driving the spiral blade 501 to rotate is arranged outside the housing. During the rotation of the spiral blade 503, the grain in the housing is driven to flow out from the grain outlet 502, and after being lifted, the grain is loaded onto the vehicle and transported away, completing the grain out operation of the silo, which not only improves the grain out efficiency of the grain, but also improves the mechanization operation degree of the grain out operation, and effectively reduces the labor intensity of the grain out.

[0031] The above is a basic implementation method of the utility model, which can be further improved, optimized and limited on the basis of the above to obtain the following embodiments:

[0032] Example 2

[0033] This embodiment is an improved solution for a common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharge of a floor-standing shallow silo 1 based on the embodiment 1. Its main structure is the same as that of the embodiment 1. The improvements are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, a valve capable of cutting off the opening of the grain discharge funnel 201 is provided below the grain discharge funnel 201. In this embodiment, the valve is a jaw valve, and the valve includes a grain discharge pipe 4 connected to the grain discharge funnel 201. The cross section of the grain discharge pipe 4 is a square, that is, the grain discharge pipe 4 is a square tubular structure. A blocking plate 3 capable of cutting off or opening the grain discharge pipe 4 is rotatably provided at the bottom end of the grain discharge pipe 4. In this embodiment, the bottom end of the grain discharge pipe 4 is an arc-shaped structure convex to the bottom thereof, and the blocking plate 3 includes two arc-shaped plates, each of which is connected to the grain discharge pipe 4 through a rotating shaft, and the axes of the two rotating shafts are parallel to each other and are connected through a gear assembly transmission, so that the two arc-shaped plates can move toward and relative to each other. When the grain discharge pipe 4 is blocked, the adjacent ends of the two arc-shaped plates collide and are spliced into an arc-shaped blocking plate to prevent grain from flowing out; when discharging grain, the two arc-shaped plates move in opposite directions, that is, the adjacent ends of the two arc-shaped plates are separated, so that a grain discharge area for grain to flow out is formed between the two arc-shaped plates. For ease of understanding, the two arc plates are referred to as the first arc plate and the second arc plate, the two rotating shafts are referred to as the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and the gears are referred to as the driven gear and the passive gear.

[0034] The blocking plate also includes connecting plates located on both sides of the grain outlet pipe 4, and the connecting plates are fan-shaped structures. Specifically, the first arc plate is connected to the grain outlet pipe 4 through two first connecting plates, and the second arc plate is connected to the grain outlet pipe 4 through two second connecting plates. The grain outlet pipe 4 is rotatably connected to the first connecting plate through a first rotating shaft, and the grain outlet pipe is rotatably connected to the second connecting plate through a second rotating shaft. A driving gear is provided at the end of the first rotating shaft, and a driven gear 301 meshing with the driving gear is provided at the end of the second rotating shaft.

[0035] The first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate are driven to rotate by the pneumatic push rod 302. Specifically, a hinge seat is fixedly connected to one of the arc-shaped plates. In this embodiment, the hinge seat is fixed to the first arc-shaped plate. The telescopic rod of the pneumatic push rod 302 is rotatably connected to the hinge seat, and the base of the pneumatic push rod 302 is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the grain outlet pipe 4. A support plate is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the grain outlet pipe 4, and the base of the pneumatic push rod 302 is rotatably connected to the support plate. When discharging grain, the pneumatic push rod 302 pulls the first arc-shaped plate to rotate clockwise, driving the driving gear to rotate clockwise, and then driving the driven gear 301 to rotate counterclockwise. Finally, the second arc-shaped plate rotates counterclockwise, that is, the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate rotate away from each other, separating the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate, and the grain flows out between the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate; when storing grain, the pneumatic push rod 302 pushes the first arc-shaped plate to rotate counterclockwise, driving the driving gear to rotate counterclockwise, and then driving the driven gear 301 to rotate clockwise. Finally, the second arc-shaped plate rotates clockwise, causing the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate to move until the ends of the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate abut, and splicing to form a sealing plate to cut off the bottom opening of the grain outlet pipe 4.

[0036] Embodiment 3

[0037] This embodiment is an improved solution for the common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of the floor-type shallow silo 1 based on Embodiment 1. Its main structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1. The improvement lies in that ventilation holes 206 are opened on the top wall of the rectangular pipeline 2. To improve the ventilation effect of the rectangular pipeline 2, the ventilation holes 206 need to be as large as possible. Therefore, a leak-proof net is laid on the upper wall of the rectangular pipeline 2 above the ventilation holes 206, which is not shown in the figure. The setting of the leak-proof net prevents grain from leaking out of the ventilation holes 206 and can ensure that the grain can flow out of the unloading funnel 201 smoothly. The setting of the leak-proof net increases the applicable range of the shallow silo 1 and can adapt to the ventilation of various grains.

[0038] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of rectangular pipes (2) arranged below the floor of a shallow silo (1) and a grain discharge conveyor (5) capable of entering and exiting the rectangular pipes (2); the upper top wall of the rectangular pipes (2) is flush with the floor of the shallow silo (1), and a plurality of ventilation holes (206) connected to the shallow silo (1) are provided on the upper top wall; and a plurality of grain discharge funnels (201) are provided distributed along the length direction of the rectangular pipes (2); a valve is provided below the grain discharge funnel (201); and the horizontal position of the grain inlet of the grain discharge conveyor (5) is located below the horizontal position of the grain discharge funnel (201).

2. The common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rectangular pipe (2) extends toward the center along the radius direction of the shallow silo (1) to a distance of 0.4-0.6 m from the center of the shallow silo (1).

3. The common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-type shallow silo according to claim 2, wherein: The other end of the rectangular pipe (2) extends out of the shallow silo (1) and outwards to a point 1-2 m beyond the outer wall of the shallow silo (1).

4. A common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo, characterized in that: The diameter of the ventilation hole is 1-5 mm.

5. A common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo, characterized in that: The grain discharging conveyor (5) is an auger conveyor, a scraper conveyor, a belt conveyor or a hose auger conveyor.

6. The common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo according to claim 1, wherein: The valve comprises a grain outlet pipe (4) connected to a grain unloading hopper (201); a blocking plate (3) capable of cutting off the grain outlet pipe (4) is rotatably provided at the bottom end of the grain outlet pipe (4); and a pneumatic push rod (302) for driving the blocking plate (3) to rotate is provided outside the grain outlet pipe (4).

7. The common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo according to claim 6, characterized in that: The blocking plate (3) comprises an arc-shaped plate, each of which is connected to the grain outlet pipe (4) via a rotating shaft, the axes of the two rotating shafts are parallel to each other and are connected via a gear assembly, so that the two arc-shaped plates can move towards and relative to each other.

8. The common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo as claimed in claim 7, wherein: A hinge seat is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped plate, a telescopic rod of the pneumatic push rod (302) is rotatably connected to the hinge seat, and a base of the pneumatic push rod (302) is rotatably connected to an outer wall of the grain outlet pipe (4).

9. The common pipeline system for ventilation and grain discharging of a floor-standing shallow silo according to claim 8, wherein: The outer side wall of the grain outlet pipe (4) is fixedly connected to a support plate, and the base of the pneumatic push rod (302) is rotatably connected to the support plate.

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