Light object sorting device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a light object sorting device which comprises a sorting box, a discharging chute is arranged on the left side of the upper end of the sorting box, a flow guide plate is arranged in the sorting box and located below the discharging chute, an adjusting device is arranged on the left side of the flow guide plate and used for adjusting the inclination angle of the flow guide plate, and a sorting roller is arranged on the right side of the flow guide plate. The sorting roller can rotate around the axis of the sorting roller, long spines and short spines are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential face of the sorting roller at intervals, the long spines and the short spines are arranged in the outer circumferential direction and the axis direction of the sorting roller at intervals in a staggered mode, and elastic contraction devices are arranged at the bottom ends of the long spines. A preset distance is arranged between the tip end of the long spine closest to the flow guide plate and the flow guide plate, and a light object remover is arranged on the lower portion of the right side of the sorting roller and used for stripping light objects on the long spine and the short spine of the sorting roller. The utility model has the beneficial effects of higher sorting efficiency, higher sorting quality and labor saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a lightweight material sorting device. Background Art

[0002] In urban construction, construction waste is the largest variety of solid waste in cities. Randomly piling up construction waste not only occupies a large amount of land but also damages the natural environment. At the same time, China's rapid urbanization process and infrastructure construction projects require a large amount of mountain quarrying and river sand excavation, which also seriously damage the natural environment. Recycling these construction wastes not only reduces the exploitation of natural resources but also reduces the amount of garbage discharged into the natural world, which can kill two birds with one stone.

[0003] Most construction wastes are solid wastes, generally generated during the construction process or the repair and demolition of old buildings. Although the content of various components in buildings with different structures varies, their basic composition is the same, mainly composed of soil, muck, scattered mortar and concrete, masonry and concrete fragments produced by chiseling, reinforced concrete pile heads cut off during piling, metals, bamboo and wood, waste materials generated by decoration, various packaging materials and other wastes.

[0004] In the traditional waste sorting process, the aforementioned materials enter the conveyor belt in the manual selection area through a chute, and impurities are removed manually. However, manual sorting can only sort the surface lightweight materials, and the lightweight materials buried by the materials and those with small volumes cannot be effectively sorted. Not only is the labor intensity of workers large, the impurity removal efficiency is low, but also the impurity removal effect depends on the technical level of the sorting personnel, resulting in unstable sorting results. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a lightweight material sorting device to solve the deficiencies in the prior art. The technical problems to be solved by the utility model are realized through the following technical solutions.

[0006] A lightweight material sorting device includes a sorting box. A feeding chute is arranged on the upper left side of the sorting box. A guide plate is arranged below the feeding chute in the sorting box. An adjusting device is arranged on the left side of the guide plate, and the adjusting device is used to adjust the inclination angle of the guide plate. A sorting roller is arranged on the right side of the guide plate. The sorting roller can rotate around its own axis. Long spikes and short spikes are evenly spaced on the outer circumferential surface of the sorting roller. The long spikes and the short spikes are alternately spaced along the outer circumferential direction and the axial direction of the sorting roller. An elastic contraction device is arranged at the bottom end of the long spike. A preset distance is set between the tip of the long spike closest to the guide plate and the guide plate. A lightweight material remover is arranged at the lower right part of the sorting roller, and the lightweight material remover is used to peel off the lightweight materials on the long spikes and the short spikes of the sorting roller.

[0007] Preferably, an air chamber is provided on the left side of the bottom of the sorting box. The air chamber is communicated with a blowing device. An air chamber air outlet is provided on the upper part of the right side wall of the air chamber, and the outlet of the air chamber air outlet faces right upwards.

[0008] Preferably, a heavy material chute is provided on the right side of the air chamber at the bottom of the sorting box, and a light material chute is provided on the right side of the heavy material chute.

[0009] Preferably, a flap is provided at the upper end of the left side wall of the light material chute, and the turning angle of the flap is adjustable.

[0010] Preferably, an air inlet is provided on the right side wall of the sorting box.

[0011] Preferably, the position of the air inlet matches the position of the air chamber air outlet.

[0012] Preferably, a sorting roller driving device is provided on the right side of the sorting box, and the sorting roller driving device is used to drive the sorting roller to rotate.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting device is a hydraulic cylinder. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to the lower end surface of the guide plate, and the other end is movably connected to the sorting box.

[0014] Preferably, the left side of the light material remover is in a comb-tooth structure, and the comb teeth are inserted into the gaps between adjacent long spikes and short spikes.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic contraction device includes a wall cylinder, a spring and a fixed block. The wall cylinder is arranged at the position of the bottom end of the long spike inside the sorting roller. The bottom of the long spike is embedded in the wall cylinder and can move along the axis of the wall cylinder. The spring is placed inside the wall cylinder. One end of the spring abuts against the inner bottom surface of the wall cylinder, and the other end abuts against the bottom end surface of the long spike. The fixed block is arranged on the outer surface of the sorting roller. A through hole is provided on the fixed block. The tip of the long spike passes through the through hole and is placed outside the sorting roller. A clamping table is provided at the bottom end of the long spike, and the diameter of the clamping table is larger than the diameter of the through hole and smaller than the inner diameter of the wall cylinder.

[0016] In the present utility model, the mixed material excluding redundant soil enters the sorting box through the blanking chute and falls onto the deflector plate. The sorting roller is in a rotating state. The mixture slides down along the deflector plate. When passing through the sorting roller, the light materials inside and on the surface of the mixed material with a slightly larger diameter and a hardness less than the elastic force value of the elastic contraction device can be pierced into the interior by the long pointed spikes and are carried to the light material remover along with the rotation of the sorting roller, where they are peeled off by the light material remover and fall into the light material chute below. When encountering construction waste or decoration waste materials, the long pointed spikes will contract and retract into the elastic contraction device, enabling the materials to pass through normally and slide down along the deflector plate into the heavy material chute, thereby effectively separating the light materials from the construction waste or decoration waste. The function of the short pointed spikes is mainly to remove the residual mesh on the surface of the materials, control the thickness of the material layer, and evenly distribute the materials on the deflector plate, so as to facilitate the air separation operation after the materials fall. The length of the short pointed spikes is determined according to the particle size of the heavy materials and the target cloth thickness. By adjusting the device to adjust the inclination angle of the deflector plate, the distance between the deflector plate and the sorting roller is adjusted, and then the material thickness on the deflector plate is controlled.

[0017] A light material sorting device provided by the present utility model replaces manual sorting, making the sorting efficiency higher and saving labor. The settings of the deflector plate, long pointed spikes, and short pointed spikes enable the effective sorting of the light materials in the mixed materials with higher sorting accuracy. At the same time, the materials on the deflector plate are evenly distributed, making it more convenient for the air separation operation after the materials fall, further improving the sorting quality. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another angle of the present utility model;

[0020] The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows: 11, blanking chute; 12, air chamber; 121, air chamber air outlet; 13, heavy material chute; 14, light material chute; 141, flap; 15, air inlet; 21, deflector plate; 22, adjusting device; 23, sorting roller; 231, long pointed spike; 232, short pointed spike; 233, elastic contraction device; 24, light material remover; 3, sorting roller drive device. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0022] A lightweight material sorting device includes a sorting box. On the left side of the upper end of the sorting box, there is a feeding chute 11. Inside the sorting box, below the feeding chute 11, there is a guiding plate 21. On the left side of the guiding plate 21, there is an adjusting device 22 which is used to adjust the inclination angle of the guiding plate 21. On the right side of the guiding plate 21, there is a sorting roller 23 which can rotate around its own axis. On the outer circumferential surface of the sorting roller 23, long pointed spikes 231 and short pointed spikes 232 are evenly spaced. The long pointed spikes 231 and the short pointed spikes 232 are alternately spaced along the outer circumferential direction and the axial direction of the sorting roller 23 respectively. At the bottom end of the long pointed spike 231, there is an elastic contraction device 233. A preset distance is set between the tip of the long pointed spike 231 closest to the guiding plate 21 and the guiding plate. At the lower right part of the sorting roller 23, there is a lightweight material remover 24 which is used to strip the lightweight materials on the long pointed spikes 231 and the short pointed spikes 232 of the sorting roller 23.

[0023] In this embodiment, the elastic force value of the elastic contraction device 233 at the bottom end of the long pointed spike 231 is set according to the hardness of the lightweight materials and the hardness of construction waste or decoration waste. The lightweight materials are objects such as wood, foam, PVC pipes, various nets, etc., and the heavyweight materials are construction waste or decoration waste such as bricks, stones, etc. Generally, the hardness of the lightweight materials < the elastic force value of the elastic contraction device < the hardness of the heavyweight materials.

[0024] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the mixed material excluding redundant soil enters the sorting box from the feeding chute 11 and falls onto the guiding plate 21. The sorting roller 23 is in a rotating state. The mixture slides down along the guiding plate 21. When passing through the sorting roller 23, the lightweight materials inside and on the surface of the mixed material with a slightly larger diameter and a hardness less than the elastic force value of the elastic contraction device 233 can be pierced into the interior by the long pointed spikes 232 and are brought to the lightweight material remover 24 along with the rotation of the sorting roller 23, and are stripped by the lightweight material remover 24 and fall into the lightweight material chute 14 below. When encountering construction waste or decoration waste materials, the long pointed spikes 232 will contract and retract into the elastic contraction device, enabling the materials to pass through normally and slide down along the guiding plate 21 into the heavyweight material chute 13, so that the lightweight materials and the construction waste or decoration waste are effectively separated. The main function of the short pointed spikes 232 is to clear the mesh residues on the surface of the materials, control the thickness of the material layer, and evenly distribute the materials on the guiding plate 21 to facilitate the air separation operation after the materials fall. The length of the short pointed spikes 232 is determined according to the particle size of the heavyweight materials and the target cloth thickness. By adjusting the inclination angle of the guiding plate 21 through the adjusting device 22, the distance between the guiding plate 21 and the sorting roller 23 is adjusted, and then the material thickness on the guiding plate 21 is controlled.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the long spikes 231 and the short spikes 232 are alternately arranged at intervals along the outer circumferential direction and the axial direction of the sorting roller 23, which means that the long spikes 231 and the short spikes 232 are longitudinally alternately arranged at intervals along the axis direction of the sorting roller 23, and are alternately arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sorting roller 23. That is, the short spikes 232 are evenly distributed around each long spike 231, and the long spikes 231 are evenly distributed around each short spike 232. The long spikes 231 are not adjacent to each other, and the short spikes 232 are not adjacent to each other either. Thus, the long spikes 231 and the short spikes 232 are more evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the sorting roller 23, so that the long spikes 231 can separate the light materials as much as possible, and at the same time, the short spikes 232 can better distribute the materials evenly.

[0026] Further, a wind chamber 12 is provided on the left side of the bottom of the sorting box. The wind chamber 12 is communicated with a blowing device. An air outlet 121 of the wind chamber 12 is provided on the upper part of the right side wall of the wind chamber 12, and the outlet of the air outlet 121 of the wind chamber 12 faces the upper right.

[0027] Further, a heavy material chute 13 is provided on the right side of the wind chamber 12 at the bottom of the sorting box, and a light material chute 14 is provided on the right side of the heavy material chute 13.

[0028] In this embodiment, the materials that are initially sorted by the long spikes 231 and evenly distributed by the short spikes 232 fall along the guide plate. When passing through the air outlet 121 of the wind chamber, the light materials with smaller volume are blown up along the air outlet direction of the air outlet and fall into the light material chute 14. Adjusting the inclination angle of the guide plate 21 can also control the flow direction of the light materials. The heavy materials directly fall from the guide plate 21 into the heavy material chute 13, so as to perform secondary sorting on the materials and further improve the sorting purity of the materials.

[0029] Further, a flap 141 is provided at the upper end of the left side wall of the light material chute 14, and the flipping angle of the flap 141 is adjustable.

[0030] In this embodiment, the setting of the flap 141 can adjust the flipping angle of the flap 141 according to the weight of the light materials, so that the light materials blown up by the wind can smoothly fall into the light material chute 14.

[0031] Further, an air inlet 15 is provided on the right side wall of the sorting box.

[0032] Further, the position of the air inlet 15 matches the position of the air outlet 121 of the wind chamber.

[0033] Further, a sorting roller driving device 3 is provided on the right side of the sorting box, and the sorting roller driving device 3 is used to drive the sorting roller 23 to rotate.

[0034] Further, the adjusting device 22 is a hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to the lower end surface of the diversion plate 21, and the other end is movably connected to the sorting box.

[0035] Further, the left side of the light material remover 24 has a comb-like structure, and its comb teeth are inserted into the gaps between adjacent long spikes 231 and short spikes 232.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the long spikes 231 and short spikes 232 with light materials hanging on them rotate to the light material remover 24 as the sorting roller 23 rotates, the comb teeth of the light material remover 24 can comb off the light materials hanging on the long spikes 231 and short spikes 232. The upper port of the light material chute 14 covers the working range of the light material remover 24, so that the combed-off light materials fall into the light material chute 14.

[0037] Further, the elastic contraction device 233 includes a wall cylinder, a spring and a fixing block. The wall cylinder is arranged at the position of the sorting roller 23 at the bottom end of the long spike 231. The bottom of the long spike 231 is embedded in the wall cylinder and can move along the axis of the wall cylinder. The spring is placed in the wall cylinder. One end of the spring abuts against the inner bottom surface of the wall cylinder, and the other end abuts against the bottom end surface of the long spike 231. The fixing block is arranged on the outer surface of the sorting roller 23. A through hole is provided on the fixing block. The tip of the long spike 231 passes through the through hole and is placed outside the sorting roller 23. A clamping table is arranged at the bottom end of the long spike 231. The diameter of the clamping table is larger than the diameter of the through hole and smaller than the inner diameter of the wall cylinder.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the long spike 231 encounters a light material and the hardness of the light material is less than the elastic force value of the spring, the long spike 231 can pierce into the interior of the light material, so as to carry the light material away from the material layer on the diversion plate 23; when the long spike 231 encounters a heavy material and the hardness of the heavy material is greater than the elastic force value of the spring, the long spike 231 contracts and partially retracts into the wall cylinder, which not only ensures that the long spike 231 is not damaged, but also enables the material to pass through smoothly. The setting of the clamping table and the through hole not only allows the long spike 231 to move along the axis of the wall cylinder, but also makes the long spike 231 not break away from the wall cylinder.

[0039] It should be noted that the above detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments described in accordance with the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0042] In addition, the terms "comprise" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0043] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will then be positioned "below" or "beneath" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientation of "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways, such as rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations, and corresponding interpretations of the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be made.

[0044] In the detailed description above, reference has been made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, like symbols typically identify like components, unless the context indicates otherwise. The illustrated embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings, and claims are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be used and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented herein.

[0045] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A lightweight object sorting device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sorting box, wherein a material discharge chute (11) is arranged on the left side of the upper end of the sorting box, a guide plate (21) is arranged below the material discharge chute (11) in the sorting box, an adjustment device (22) is arranged on the left side of the guide plate (21), and the adjustment device (22) is used to adjust the inclination angle of the guide plate (21), a sorting roller (23) is arranged on the right side of the guide plate (21), the sorting roller (23) can rotate around its own axis, and long spikes (231) and short spikes (232) are evenly spaced on the outer circumferential surface of the sorting roller (23), The long spikes (231) and the short spikes (232) are arranged at staggered intervals along the outer circumferential direction and the axial direction of the sorting roller (23), respectively; an elastic contraction device (233) is arranged at the bottom end of the long spikes (231); a preset distance is set between the tip of the long spike (231) closest to the guide plate (21) and the guide plate; a light object remover (24) is arranged at the lower right part of the sorting roller (23); the light object remover is used to peel off the light objects on the long spikes (231) and the short spikes (232) of the sorting roller (23).

2. The light object sorting device according to claim 1, wherein: A wind chamber (12) is arranged on the left side of the bottom of the sorting box, the wind chamber (12) is connected to the air supply device, and a wind chamber blowing port (121) is arranged on the upper part of the right side wall of the wind chamber (12), and the outlet of the wind chamber blowing port (121) faces the upper right side.

3. The light object sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A heavy matter chute (13) is arranged on the right side of the wind chamber (12) at the bottom of the sorting box, and a light matter chute (14) is arranged on the right side of the heavy matter chute (13).

4. The light object sorting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A flap (141) is provided at the upper end of the left side wall of the light material chute (14), and the flip angle of the flap (141) is adjustable.

5. A lightweight object sorting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air inlet (15) is arranged on the right side wall of the sorting box.

6. The light object sorting device according to claim 5, wherein: The position of the air inlet (15) matches the position of the air chamber blowing port (121).

7. A lightweight object sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sorting roller driving device (3) is arranged on the right side of the sorting box, and the sorting roller driving device (3) is used to drive the sorting roller (23) to rotate.

8. The light object sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating device (22) is a hydraulic cylinder, the output end of which is movably connected to the lower end surface of the guide plate (21), and the other end of which is movably connected to the sorting box.

9. The light object sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side of the light object remover (24) is in a comb-tooth structure, and the comb teeth thereof are inserted into the gaps between adjacent long spikes (231) and short spikes (232).

10. A light object sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic contraction device (233) includes a wall cylinder, a spring and a fixing block. The wall cylinder is arranged at the position of the bottom end of the long spines (231) inside the sorting roller (23). The bottom of the long spines (231) is embedded in the wall cylinder and can move along the axis of the wall cylinder. The spring is placed inside the wall cylinder. One end of the spring abuts against the inner bottom surface of the wall cylinder, and the other end abuts against the bottom end surface of the long spines (231). The fixing block is arranged on the outer surface of the sorting roller (23). A through hole is provided on the fixing block. The tip of the long spines (231) passes through the through hole and is placed outside the sorting roller (23). A clamping table is arranged at the bottom end of the long spines (231). The diameter of the clamping table is larger than the diameter of the through hole and smaller than the inner diameter of the wall cylinder.

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