Sand mold casting support and 3D printing mold
Through 3D printing technology, the sand mold structure and casting system are optimized, and the efficiency and cost problems of traditional sand mold casting processes are solved, and high-precision and high-performance casting production is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421337373.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-13
AI Technical Summary
When producing large and complex supporting parts, traditional sand casting processes have many processes, long processes, waste of resources, and poor quality stability, which cannot meet the needs of multiple varieties, small batches, short cycles, high precision and high performance. The redundancy of 3D printed sand mold structure leads to low production efficiency and high cost.
The sand mold structure is optimized by 3D printing technology, the integrated molding and sand core molding is realized, the casting system is optimized, and the casting system is combined with contour design and real-time temperature and pressure control is improved to improve the quality of the casting.
It improves production efficiency, reduces costs, enhances the quality and casting quality of castings, and meets the requirements of high precision and high performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN223097941U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of die - less casting, in particular to a sand - casting support and a 3D printing die. Background Technique
[0002] Some support parts commonly found in large - scale equipment are characterized by complex structures. Especially when the radial dimension is much larger than the axial dimension, forming a cantilever support, it is necessary to meet the support requirements during design and have a certain anti - deformation ability. Support parts with such structures are usually processed by integral casting. For some high - requirement usage occasions, the casting heat treatment is usually T5 treatment, with Rm≥440 Mpa and A≥7%. The surface of the support is sand - blasted to remove flash and burrs. The inside of the casting needs to be detected by X - ray flaw detection. The surface quality shall be executed according to the requirements of GB / T9438 - 1999, and no cold shuts, cracks, shrinkage cavities and defective defects are allowed on its surface.
[0003] Sand casting is to make a "sand mold" by using a mold and other process equipment, and then fill the molten metal into the sand mold. After cooling, the casting is obtained. According to the casting requirements, for the traditional production method of support parts, sand casting is carried out using molds such as wooden molds and metal molds, which has worldwide problems such as multiple processes, long flow - charts, difficult precise control of shape and properties, resource waste, and poor quality stability, and cannot meet the urgent requirements of multi - variety, small - batch, short - cycle, high - precision, and high - performance. Therefore, a die - less casting precision forming method without a rigid mold has emerged.
[0004] In die - less casting, first, a foam plastic model (hand - made or mechanical) is made according to the process, coated with a special coating, dried, placed in a special sand box, filled with dry sand, compacted by three - dimensional vibration, and cast under a vacuum state. The model gasifies and disappears, and the molten metal replaces the model to replicate a casting identical to the foam plastic model. Die - less casting technology is an advanced digital forming technology. With the rapid development of additive manufacturing technology, the combination of casting sand molds and 3D technology can reduce the redundancy of the sand mold's external structure. However, in the sand mold 3D printing process, the printing efficiency of the sand mold is related to the volume of the sand mold. The redundant defect of the traditional sand mold structure will directly lead to a reduction in the production efficiency of 3D - printed sand molds. In addition, the resin sand material is used in the sand mold 3D printing process. Due to its high cost and difficulty in recycling compared with clay sand, the economic impact brought by the amount of molding sand is more obvious than that of the traditional process.
[0005] Through the above analysis, it can be seen that according to Figure 1The structural characteristics of the middle support. This support must combine the modeling design advantages brought by 3D printing, optimize the design of the 3D printed sand mold structure, thereby streamlining the volume of the sand mold, and achieving the purpose of improving production efficiency and reducing production costs. At the same time, the sand mold uses 3D printing technology to realize the integrated molding of the casting and sand core, optimize the structure of the casting system, improve the slag filtering performance of the cross runner, and improve the casting quality. Utility Model Content
[0006] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology, the utility model provides a sand casting support and a 3D printing mold. The processing of the support is optimized and designed using 3D printing technology, and the volume of the sand mold is simplified to achieve the purpose of improving production efficiency and reducing production costs. The sand mold uses 3D printing technology to achieve integrated molding of the casting mold and the sand core, and the casting system is structurally optimized to improve the slag filtering performance of the cross runner and improve the casting quality.
[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a sand casting support, characterized in that it includes a cylindrical mounting shell with a hollow structure, and a main leg, an auxiliary leg and a side leg are arranged on the side wall of the mounting shell, and the main leg, the auxiliary leg and the side leg are all composed of a leg connecting part and a leg supporting part, wherein the leg connecting part is a fork-shaped structure for positioning and connecting external parts, the leg supporting part is an I-shaped or gate-shaped structure, and the leg supporting part connects the leg connecting part with the mounting shell as a whole, a limit block is arranged on the outer side wall of the mounting shell, and a positioning platform is arranged on the upper surface of the side leg and the outer side wall of the mounting shell.
[0008] To further illustrate the above support scheme, the angles between the main support legs and the auxiliary support legs and the side support legs are 150 degrees, and the angle between the auxiliary support legs and the side support legs is 60 degrees.
[0009] A 3D printed mold for casting a sand casting support, characterized in that it includes an upper shell and a lower shell printed by 3D printing, a main runner is arranged at the center position of the upper surface of the upper shell, and a branch runner is arranged around the main runner, the main runner and the branch runner are connected by a cross runner, and the cross runner is fixed to the surface of the upper shell through a support plate, and an auxiliary runner connected to the upper shell is arranged in the middle position of the cross runner; a cylindrical center support and a leg runner are arranged on the surface of the lower shell.
[0010] To further illustrate the above 3D printing mold solution, the upper shell is designed to be contoured to the upper surface of the support, with a thickness of 3-5 mm, and the lower shell is designed to be contoured to the lower surface of the support, with a thickness of 5-7 mm.
[0011] To further illustrate the above 3D printing mold solution, the surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell are both provided with heat dissipation holes.
[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solutions are as follows: In the sand casting support of the present utility model, its radial dimension is much larger than the axial dimension, forming a cantilever support, which can be used to connect, fix, and support other components. The overall structure is a hollow frame, reducing its own weight. At the same time, the connecting part of the end legs is designed as a fork structure for easy fixation. In the 3D printing mold of the present utility model, it is a thin-walled structure processed by 3D printing technology according to the surface profiling of the support. A runner and other components are set on its surface. The integrated molding of the casting mold and the core is realized by 3D printing technology, saving processing costs. At the same time, the structure of the gating system is optimized to improve the slag filtering performance of the cross runner and enhance the casting quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the sand casting support in the present utility model;
[0014] Figure 2 is Figure 1 another perspective of
[0015] Figure 3 FIG. is the upper shell of the casting support using 3D printing;
[0016] Figure 4 is Figure 3 another perspective of
[0017] Figure 5 FIG. is the lower shell of the 3D printed casting support;
[0018] Figure 6 is Figure 5 another perspective of
[0019] In the figures: 101, mounting shell; 102, main leg; 103, auxiliary leg; 104, side leg; 105, limit block; 106, positioning table; 107, leg connecting part; 108, leg supporting part; 201, main runner; 202, cross runner; 203, branch runner; 204, support plate; 205, auxiliary runner; 206, upper shell; 207, central support; 208, leg runner; 209, lower shell; 210, side support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0020] Appendix Figure 1 and 2It is a schematic structural diagram of a sand-casting support, including a cylindrical mounting shell 101 with a hollow structure. Main legs 102, auxiliary legs 103 and side legs 104 are arranged on the side wall of the mounting shell 101. The main legs 102, auxiliary legs 103 and side legs 104 are all composed of leg connecting parts 107 and leg supporting parts 108. The leg connecting part 107 is a fork-shaped structure for positioning and connecting external parts, and the leg supporting part 108 is an I-shaped or portal-shaped structure. The leg supporting part 108 connects the leg connecting part 107 with the mounting shell 101 as a whole. A limit block 105 is arranged on the outer side wall of the mounting shell 101, and positioning platforms 106 are arranged on the upper surface of the side leg 104 and the outer side wall of the mounting shell 101. The included angles between the main leg 102 and the auxiliary leg 103 and the side leg 104 are 150 degrees respectively, and the included angle between the auxiliary leg 103 and the side leg 104 is 60 degrees.
[0021] For the above-mentioned sand-casting support, its radial dimension is much larger than the axial dimension, forming a cantilever support, which can be used to connect, fix and support other components. The whole adopts a hollow frame structure to reduce its own weight. At the same time, the end leg connecting part is designed as a fork structure for easy fixation. This support is a kind of fork-shaped part, which mainly plays a role of manipulation, connection or support in machines or equipment; the fork is a manipulating part to manipulate the displacement of other parts, and the frame is a supporting part to support other parts; most fork-shaped parts have irregular shapes and complex structures. The blanks are mostly castings and are processed through multiple processes. Generally, they can be divided into a working part, a connecting part and a supporting part. There are many detailed structures in the working part and the supporting part, such as round holes, screw holes, oil grooves, oil holes, bosses and pits, etc.; the connecting part is mostly a ribbed plate structure and has curved and twisted shapes.
[0022] For the above-mentioned sand-casting support, the casting method is adopted, but the model is complex and the size is large. Processing the casting mold is very time-consuming and costly. The utility model adopts 3D printing technology. Based on the profiling principle, an upper shell and a lower shell for casting and molding are processed, as shown in the appendix Figures 3 - 6 shown. Specifically, it includes an upper shell 206 and a lower shell 209 made by 3D printing, which are thin-walled shells. A casting cavity is formed between the upper shell 206 and the lower shell 209, and a pouring system is arranged on the surface. The outlet end of the pouring system penetrates through the thin-walled shell and communicates with the casting cavity, solving the problem that the heat transfer speed is uncontrollable during the formation of castings in most current moldless casting processes, resulting in difficulty in obtaining satisfactory high-quality castings.
[0023] The pouring system includes a main runner 201 arranged at the center of the upper surface of the upper shell 206. Sprue runners 203 are arranged around the main runner 201. The main runner 201 and the sprue runners 203 are connected through a cross runner 202. The cross runner 202 is fixed on the surface of the upper shell 206 through a support plate 204. An auxiliary runner 205 communicating with the upper shell 206 is arranged at the middle position of the cross runner 202. A cylindrical central support 207 and a leg runner 208 are arranged on the surface of the lower shell 209.
[0024] To ensure heat dissipation and printing efficiency, the upper shell 206 is designed to be shaped like the upper surface of the support, with a thickness of 3 - 5 mm, and the lower shell 209 is designed to be shaped like the lower surface of the support, with a thickness of 5 - 7 mm. Heat dissipation holes are evenly distributed on the surfaces of the upper shell 206 and the lower shell 209, not shown in the figure.
[0025] In addition, during the process of the metal solution in the mold cavity of the present utility model cooling down to form a casting, temperature and pressure are two key indicators. The temperature of the casting is mastered in real time, and the flow rate and temperature of the coolant are regulated according to the temperature feedback and actual requirements. And according to the pressure value feedback, the pouring speed can be adjusted to ensure the smooth progress of the whole process, and the temperature can be correctly grasped to control the formation of the metal microstructure of the casting, resulting in higher casting quality.
[0026] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above - mentioned exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present utility model, the present utility model can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, in any aspect, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non - restrictive. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present utility model. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.
[0027] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A sand casting support, characterized in that It includes a cylindrical mounting shell (101) with a hollow structure. On the side wall of the mounting shell (101), there are a main leg (102), an auxiliary leg (103) and a side leg (104). The main leg (102), the auxiliary leg (103) and the side leg (104) are all composed of a leg connecting part (107) and a leg supporting part (108). Among them, the leg connecting part (107) is a fork-shaped structure for positioning and connecting external parts, and the leg supporting part (108) is an I-shaped or gate-shaped structure. The leg supporting part (108) connects the leg connecting part (107) and the mounting shell (101) into an integrated body. A limit block (105) is arranged on the outer side wall of the mounting shell (101), and positioning platforms (106) are arranged on the upper surface of the side leg (104) and the outer side wall of the mounting shell (101).
2. The sand casting support according to claim 1, characterized in that The included angle between the main leg (102) and the auxiliary leg (103) and the side leg (104) is 150 degrees, and the included angle between the auxiliary leg (103) and the side leg (104) is 60 degrees.
3. A 3D printing mold for casting the sand casting support described in claim 1, characterized in that It includes an upper shell (206) and a lower shell (209) made by 3D printing. At the center position of the upper surface of the upper shell (206), a main runner (201) is arranged. Around the main runner (201), branch runners (203) are arranged. The main runner (201) and the branch runners (203) are connected through a cross runner (202). The cross runner (202) is fixed on the surface of the upper shell (206) through a support plate (204). An auxiliary runner (205) communicating with the upper shell (206) is arranged at the middle position of the cross runner (202); on the surface of the lower shell (209), a cylindrical central support (207) and a leg runner (208) are arranged.
4. The 3D printing mold according to claim 3, characterized in that The upper shell (206) has a shape similar to the upper surface of the support, with a thickness of 3 - 5 mm, and the lower shell (209) has a shape similar to the lower surface of the support, with a thickness of 5 - 7 mm.
5. The 3D printing mold according to claim 3 of the foundry, characterized in that The upper shell (206) and the lower shell (209) are evenly distributed with heat dissipation holes.