Novel anti-splashing light path system for laser welding

Abstract

According to the technical scheme, the novel anti-splashing light path system for laser welding is characterized in that the novel anti-splashing light path system for laser welding comprises a laser optical fiber, a collimating lens is arranged at the output quartz end of the laser optical fiber, and two circular truncated cone lenses are arranged on the bottom face of the collimating lens; a laser beam emitted by the laser optical fiber firstly passes through the collimating lens, the collimating lens is used for converting the laser beam from a divergent state into a parallel beam, and the collimated laser beam then passes through the two circular truncated cone mirrors, so that the beam is divided into two parts when passing through the lens, and the two parts are separated into two parts. A laser beam with the area of the top face of the circular truncated cone mirror equal to the diameter of the top face of the circular truncated cone is directly transmitted to be a combination of a central high-energy beam and an annular beam, the beam passing through the circular truncated cone mirror is finally focused through the focusing lens, the beam is concentrated on a small point, a final welding spot is formed, and the laser power utilization rate is optimized through the design. And welding spatter is effectively reduced, and the welding quality and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of laser welding, and particularly relates to a novel anti-spatter optical path system for laser welding. Background Technique

[0002] With the development of laser welding technology, the application of laser welding technology is becoming more and more extensive, and the working conditions are becoming more and more diverse. The commonly used welding optical paths mainly include the following several types: First, the most traditional fixed optical path - collimation + focusing type, with the simplest and most reliable structure, can meet a considerable part of the application requirements. However, due to reasons such as thin light spots and large spatter during welding, the welding quality and welding efficiency are not ideal; Second, laser swing welding and laser rotation welding have great advantages in thin plate welding by trading time for spot shape, but due to structural reasons, high-power applications cannot be achieved, and the failure rate is relatively high; Third, using optical transformation to output an annular light spot or a flat-top light spot can reduce welding spatter to a certain extent and improve welding quality, but the penetration ability is insufficient and the welding efficiency is not ideal; Fourth, using DOE diffractive optics for beam shaping to output a central Gaussian beam and a surrounding annular beam can reduce spatter during welding, greatly improve welding quality and welding efficiency. However, DOE diffractive optical lenses not only have high processing difficulty and high cost, but also have high laser power loss. To solve the above problems, we propose a novel anti-spatter optical path system for laser welding. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a novel anti-spatter optical path system for laser welding to solve the problems raised in the background technique.

[0004] The above technical purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A novel anti-spatter optical path system for laser welding includes:

[0006] A laser fiber, a collimating lens is arranged at the output quartz end of the laser fiber, and two frustum mirrors are arranged at the bottom surface of the collimating lens; among them, the frustum mirrors include a first frustum mirror and a second frustum mirror. The first frustum mirror is fixedly installed at the bottom surface of the collimating lens, the second frustum mirror is fixedly installed at the bottom surface of the first frustum mirror, a focusing lens is fixedly installed at the bottom surface of the second frustum mirror, and a protective mirror is fixedly installed at the bottom surface of the focusing lens.

[0007] Preferably, the first frustum mirror and the second frustum mirror have the same apex angle and relative position.

[0008] Preferably, the protective mirror has the functions of preventing laser damage and dust prevention.

[0009] Preferably, the collimating lens is a plano-convex lens with a focal length F = 100 mm and a diameter D = 38 mm, and the material is Corning 7980. The bottom diameters of the first frustum lens and the second frustum lens are 50 mm, the apex angle is 120 degrees, the top diameter is 6 mm, and the material is Corning 7980.

[0010] Preferably, the diameters of the focusing lens and the protective lens are both 50 mm, and the focal length of the focusing lens is 200 mm to 300 mm to meet the requirements of the welding process.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom surface (S1), the top surface (S3) and the conical surface (S2) of the first frustum lens and the second frustum lens are all coated with a high anti-reflection hard film of 1060 - 1090 nm, and the average transmittance Ravg < 0.5%.

[0012] In summary, the main beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0013] This new optical path adds a pair of frustum lenses to the conventional fixed optical path, thereby realizing the optical path output of the central high-energy beam and the surrounding annular beam. By designing and adjusting the area of the top surface of the frustum and the installation distance of the pair of frustum lenses, the ratio of the laser energy of the central high-energy beam and the surrounding annular beam and the size of the concentric light spot are realized. This optical path not only has the advantages of simple and reliable structure of the fixed optical path, but also can achieve the use effect of the DOE diffractive optical beam shaping optical path. Compared with the DOE diffractive optical path, not only the processing difficulty and price of the optical elements are greatly reduced, but also the utilization rate of the laser power is greatly improved, and the flexibility of the energy distribution is also greatly increased. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the frustum lens of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure principle of the present utility model.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1, laser fiber; 2, collimating lens; 3, first frustum lens; 4, second frustum lens; 5, focusing lens; 6, protective lens. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. Based on the described embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present utility model, but cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. The conditions in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to specific conditions. Any simple improvement of the method of the present utility model under the premise of the concept of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope required by the present utility model.

[0020] Reference Figures 1 - 3 , a novel anti-spatter optical path system for laser welding, comprising:

[0021] A laser fiber 1, a collimating lens 2 is provided at the output quartz end of the laser fiber 1, and two frustum mirrors are provided on the bottom surface of the collimating lens 2; wherein the frustum mirrors include a first frustum mirror 3 and a second frustum mirror 4. The first frustum mirror 3 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the collimating lens 2, the second frustum mirror 4 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the first frustum mirror 3, a focusing lens 5 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the second frustum mirror 4, and a protective mirror 6 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the focusing lens 5. The laser beam emitted by the laser fiber 1 first passes through the collimating lens 2. The function of the collimating lens 2 is to convert the laser beam from a divergent state into a parallel beam. The collimated laser beam then passes through the two frustum mirrors, so that when the beam passes through the lens, the beam will be divided into two parts. The laser beam passing through the frustum mirror with the top surface area equal to the top diameter of the frustum is directly transmitted as the central high-energy beam. The conical surface of the frustum mirror forms an annular beam for the beam outside the top surface. After passing through the two frustum mirrors, a combination of a central high-energy beam and an annular beam is formed. The beam passing through the frustum mirror finally passes through the focusing lens 5 for focusing, concentrating the beam on a small point to form the final welding spot. This design optimizes the laser power utilization rate, effectively reduces welding spatter, and improves the welding quality and efficiency.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 - 3 , the first frustum mirror 3 and the second frustum mirror 4 have the same apex angle and relative position, and the protective mirror 6 has the functions of preventing laser damage and dust prevention.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 - 3, the collimating lens 2 is a plano-convex lens with a focal length F = 100 mm and a diameter D = 38 mm, and the material is Corning 7980. The bottom diameters of the first frustum lens 3 and the second frustum lens 4 are 50 mm, the apex angle is 120 degrees, the top diameter is 6 mm, and the material is Corning 7980. The diameters of the focusing lens (5) and the protective lens (6) are both 50 mm. The focal length of the focusing lens is 200 mm to 300 mm to meet the requirements of the welding process. The bottom surface (S1), the top surface (S3), and the conical surface (S2) of the first frustum lens 3 and the second frustum lens 4 are all coated with a high anti-reflection hard film of 1060 - 1090 nm, and the average transmittance Ravg < 0.5%.

[0024] Working principle: Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 As shown, the laser beam emitted by the laser first passes through the collimating lens 2 to collimate the beam, making the beam into a solid beam with a certain diameter size and a Gaussian distribution of energy. Then, it passes through two frustum lenses (3 / 4) with the same apex angle. The beam whose size at the center of the frustum lens is equal to the area of the top surface of the frustum will directly pass through the two frustum lenses as the central beam, while the beam outside the top surface of the frustum will become the surrounding annular beam after passing through the two frustum lenses. The beam distribution after passing through the two frustum lenses will form a central high-energy beam + surrounding annular beam, and the beam cross-section is as shown in A - A. Finally, the entire laser beam passes through the focusing lens (5) to focus the beam;

[0025] Since the light spot is too small at the focal position and is not suitable for welding applications in most working conditions, defocusing treatment is generally required. By adjusting the defocus amount, a light spot of the corresponding size can be obtained. The cross-section of the light spot distribution at the positive defocus position of the focus is as shown in B - B.

[0026] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by those with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words such as "including" or "comprising" used in the present invention mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The words such as "connected" or "coupled" do not limit to physical or mechanical connections, and can also include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The words such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to represent relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative position relationship may also change accordingly.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel anti-spatter optical path system for laser welding, characterized in that, Including: A laser fiber (1), a collimating lens (2) is provided at the output quartz end of the laser fiber (1), and two frustum mirrors are provided on the bottom surface of the collimating lens (2); Wherein the frustum mirrors include a first frustum mirror (3) and a second frustum mirror (4), the first frustum mirror (3) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the collimating lens (2), the second frustum mirror (4) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the first frustum mirror (3), a focusing lens (5) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the second frustum mirror (4), and a protective mirror (6) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the focusing lens (5).

2. The novel optical path system for preventing spatter in laser welding according to claim 1, wherein The first frustum mirror (3) and the second frustum mirror (4) have the same apex angle and relative position.

3. A novel anti-spatter optical path system for laser welding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective mirror (6) has the functions of preventing laser damage and dust prevention.

4. A novel anti-spatter optical path system for laser welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collimating lens (2) is a plano-convex lens with a focal length F = 100 mm and a diameter D = 38 mm, and the material is Corning 7980. The bottom diameters of the first frustum mirror (3) and the second frustum mirror (4) are 50 mm, the apex angle is 120 degrees, the top surface diameter is 6 mm, and the material is Corning7980.

5. A novel anti-spatter optical path system for laser welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameters of the focusing lens (5) and the protective mirror (6) are both 50 mm, and the focal length of the focusing lens (5) is 200 mm to 300 mm to meet the requirements of the welding process.

6. The novel anti-spatter optical path system for laser welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface (S1), the top surface (S3) and the conical surface (S2) of the first frustum mirror (3) and the second frustum mirror (4) are all coated with a high anti-reflection hard film of 1060 - 1090 nm, and the average transmittance Ravg < 0.5%.

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