Concrete 3D printing experimental equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to concrete 3D printing experiment equipment which comprises a lifting frame, a movable rack, a printing head and a driving assembly, the lifting frame is installed on the rack, and the printing head is fixedly installed on the lifting frame; the driving assembly is installed on the rack, connected with the lifting frame and used for driving the lifting frame to move up and down and be positioned. The device has the beneficial effects that the structure is simple, the design is reasonable, not only can the extrudability test of the concrete 3D printing material be carried out, but also the experimental study on the influence of printing process parameters such as lap width, layering thickness and printing speed on the mechanical property of a printing component can be carried out; the collaborative relevance and the adaptability of the concrete 3D printing material and the printing parameters are comprehensively considered, the printing success rate is effectively increased, and the material research and development achievement is efficiently converted to practical application engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a concrete 3D printing experimental device. Background Art

[0002] Concrete 3D printing technology is an additive manufacturing technology based on digital models and concrete materials. The main process is as follows: establish a three-dimensional printing model of a solid component, conduct hierarchical slicing design of the model, and the print head extrudes the concrete material to the corresponding position according to the set printing path, and stacks layer by layer to form the designed concrete component, which has many advantages such as automation, no need for formwork, and rapid prototyping.

[0003] Concrete 3D printing technology has high requirements for the performance of printing materials, involving multiple aspects such as fluidity, extrudability, and constructability. It is necessary to ensure smoothness during printing and maintain stable form after printing to avoid plastic collapse. Therefore, studying the printability of 3D printing concrete materials and optimizing the printing process parameters coordinated with the printing materials are the keys to realizing concrete 3D printing technology.

[0004] Testing the printability of concrete 3D printing materials is an essential step before printing construction. Traditional concrete performance testing methods include slump test, L-shaped flow test, rheology test, etc. However, the process differences between 3D printing and traditional construction are significant, and traditional testing methods cannot accurately judge whether the material can be smoothly extruded from the print head and formed, resulting in a large deviation between the printed product and the printing target.

[0005] Currently, desktop concrete 3D printers are often used to carry out experimental research on printing materials and processes, which consist of a three-dimensional motion platform and a control system, with a narrow space, poor flexibility, and high price. To address the above problems, there is an urgent need to develop a test device that extrudes concrete materials through a nozzle and prints layer by layer to generate a 3D entity, which can directly test the printability of 3D printing concrete mixture and improve the mechanical properties of concrete 3D printing components by optimizing the printing process parameters. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] The utility model provides a concrete 3D printing experimental device, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution of the utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0008] A concrete 3D printing experimental device includes a lifting frame, a movable frame, a print head, and a driving component. The lifting frame is installed on the frame, the print head is fixedly installed on the lifting frame; the driving component is installed on the frame and is connected to the lifting frame for driving the lifting frame to move up and down and be positioned.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: During the experiment, the material to be tested is added into the print head in a manner conceivable to those skilled in the art, and is extruded and formed through the print head.

[0010] When it is necessary to adjust the height of the print head, the driving component can be used to drive the lifting frame and the print head to move up and down to adjust the height of the print head, so as to perform the printing operation.

[0011] The structure of the present utility model is simple and reasonably designed. It can not only carry out the test on the extrudability of concrete 3D printing materials, but also carry out experimental research on the influence of printing process parameters such as lap width, layer thickness and printing speed on the mechanical properties of printed components. By comprehensively considering the synergistic correlation and adaptability between concrete 3D printing materials and printing parameters, the printing success rate can be effectively improved, and the efficient transformation of the material R & D results to the actual application project can be realized.

[0012] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present utility model can be further improved as follows.

[0013] Further, the print head includes a barrel and a nozzle. The barrel is fixedly installed on the lifting frame, and its lower end is open; the nozzle is fixedly installed at the lower end of the barrel.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that during the experiment, the material to be tested is added into the barrel in a manner conceivable to those skilled in the art, and is extruded and formed through the nozzle, which is convenient for printing.

[0015] Further, the print head further includes a auger and a reduction motor. The auger is vertically installed in the barrel; the reduction motor is fixedly installed at the upper end of the barrel, and its driving end extends into the barrel and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the auger.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that during the experiment, the material to be tested is added into the barrel in a manner conceivable to those skilled in the art. At the same time, the reduction motor drives the auger to rotate, so that the material in the barrel is extruded and formed through the nozzle, which is convenient for printing.

[0017] Further, a feed port penetrating through the inside and outside is provided on the side wall of the barrel.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the structure is simple and reasonably designed. The material to be tested is fed into the barrel through the feed port, which is convenient for feeding.

[0019] Further, it further includes a hopper. The hopper is fixedly installed on the lifting frame, is located above the barrel, and its lower end is communicated with the feed port through a pipeline.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that during the experiment, the hopper is used to feed the material to be tested into the barrel, avoiding the material from scattering outside the barrel.

[0021] Further, the driving assembly includes a driving member, a connecting seat and a lead screw. The lead screw is vertically and fixedly installed on the lifting frame. The connecting seat is horizontally rotatably installed on the frame through a bearing, and a lead screw nut is fixedly installed thereon. The lead screw nut is threadedly sleeved outside the lead screw. The driving member is connected to the connecting seat and is used to drive the connecting seat to rotate.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that when the height of the print head needs to be adjusted, at this time, the driving member can be used to drive the connecting seat to rotate. The lead screw nut rotates together with the connecting seat, and the threaded connection between the lead screw nut and the lead screw causes the lead screw to move up and down, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the lifting frame and the print head.

[0023] Further, the edge of the connecting seat is in a hexagonal structure. The driving member includes a handle. One end of the handle is clamped with the connecting seat and can drive the connecting seat to rotate when rotating.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the structure is simple and the design is reasonable. The special structure of the handle and the connecting seat is used to realize the handle driving the connecting seat to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the lead screw nut.

[0025] Further, a plurality of universal wheels with brakes are evenly and rotatably installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame.

[0026] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the structure is simple and the design is reasonable. The universal wheels are used to facilitate the movement of the entire device, which is easy and convenient.

[0027] Further, guide shafts are vertically and relatively fixedly connected to both sides of the lifting frame, and the two guide shafts respectively penetrate the frame.

[0028] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the structure is simple and the design is reasonable. The lifting frame is slidably connected to the frame up and down by two guide shafts to guide the lifting frame and ensure the stability of the up and down movement of the lifting frame.

[0029] Further, a pair of through holes are respectively provided on both sides of the lifting frame up and down relatively. A linear bearing is fixedly installed at each pair of through holes. The corresponding guide shafts respectively penetrate the two linear bearings.

[0030] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the structure is simple and the design is reasonable. The linear bearings are used to enable the guide shafts to move up and down in the corresponding space, reduce the friction of the up and down movement, and at the same time ensure that the lifting frame moves linearly up and down in the constrained space, further ensuring the stability of the up and down movement of the lifting frame. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 is the front view of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of A in

[0034] Figure 4 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of B in

[0035] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the print head in the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 is one of the assembly diagrams of the handle and the connecting seat in the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 7 is the second assembly diagram of the handle and the connecting seat in the present utility model.

[0038] In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows:

[0039] 1. Universal wheel; 2. Frame; 3. Print head; 4. Lifting frame; 5. Guide shaft; 6. Hopper; 7. Lead screw; 8. Connecting seat; 9. Handle; 10. Bearing; 11. Linear bearing; 12. Lead screw nut; 13. Reduction motor; 14. Auger; 15. Barrel; 16. Nozzle. Detailed Embodiment

[0040] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0041] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0042] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0043] The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, this embodiment provides a concrete 3D printing experimental device, including a lifting frame 4, a movable frame 2, a print head 3, and a driving assembly. The lifting frame 4 is installed on the frame 2, and the print head 3 is fixedly installed on the lifting frame 4; the driving assembly is installed on the frame 2 and is connected to the lifting frame 4 for driving the lifting frame to move up and down and position.

[0046] During the experiment, the material to be tested is added into the print head 3 in a manner that can be conceived by those skilled in the art and is extruded and formed by the print head;

[0047] When it is necessary to adjust the height of the print head 3, the driving assembly can be used to drive the lifting frame 4 and the print head 3 to move up and down to adjust the height of the print head 3, so as to perform the printing operation.

[0048] The structure of this embodiment is simple and reasonably designed. It can not only conduct the extrudability test of concrete 3D printing materials, but also carry out experimental studies on the influence of printing process parameters such as lap width, layer thickness, and printing speed on the mechanical properties of printed components. By comprehensively considering the synergistic correlation and adaptability between concrete 3D printing materials and printing parameters, the printing success rate can be effectively improved, and the efficient transformation of material R & D achievements into actual application projects can be realized.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] On the basis of Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the print head 3 includes a barrel 15 and a nozzle 16. The barrel 15 is fixedly installed on the lifting frame 4, and its lower end is open; the nozzle 16 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the barrel 15.

[0051] During the experiment, the material to be tested is added into the barrel 15 in a manner that can be conceived by those skilled in the art and is extruded and formed through the nozzle 16, which is convenient for printing.

[0052] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above barrel 15 preferably has a cylindrical structure.

[0053] In addition, the above nozzle 16 preferably has a conical structure, and its thick end is fixedly connected to the lower end of the barrel 15.

[0054] Preferably, in this embodiment, the nozzle 16 is detachably connected to the lower part of the barrel 15 through a flange and screws, and experimental studies on different printing size parameters can be carried out by replacing the shape and size of the nozzle 16.

[0055] Embodiment 3

[0056] On the basis of Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the print head 3 further includes an auger 14 and a reduction motor 13. The auger 14 is vertically installed in the barrel 15; the reduction motor 13 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the barrel 15, and its driving end extends into the barrel 15 and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the auger 14.

[0057] During the experiment, the material to be tested is added into the barrel 15 in a manner that can be conceived by those skilled in the art. At the same time, the reduction motor 13 drives the auger 14 to rotate, so that the material in the barrel 15 is extruded and formed through the nozzle 16, which is convenient for printing.

[0058] Preferably, in this embodiment, the rotation speed of the reduction motor 13 is adjustable to meet the extrusion speed requirements of different printable performance concretes.

[0059] Embodiment 4

[0060] On the basis of any one of Embodiments 2 to 3, in this embodiment, a feed port penetrating through the inside and outside is provided on the side wall of the barrel 15.

[0061] This solution has a simple structure and a reasonable design. The material to be tested is fed into the barrel 15 through the feed inlet, which is convenient for feeding.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] Based on Example 4, this example further includes a hopper 6. The hopper 6 is fixedly installed on the lifting frame 4. It is located above the barrel 15, and its lower end is communicated with the feed inlet through a pipeline.

[0064] During the experiment, the hopper 6 is used to feed the material to be tested into the barrel 15, avoiding the material from scattering outside the barrel 15.

[0065] Preferably, in this example, the hopper 6 has a structure that is thick at the upper end and thin at the lower end.

[0066] Preferably, in this example, the upper end and the lower end of the above-mentioned lifting frame 4 are respectively in a U-shaped structure. The upper end of the hopper 6 passes through the upper end of the lifting frame 4 and extends above the lifting frame 4, and the upper end of the hopper 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting frame 4.

[0067] In addition, the print head 3 is located between the lower ends of the lifting frame 4 and the hopper 6, and its lower end is communicated with the feed inlet through a bent pipe.

[0068] Example 6

[0069] Based on the above embodiments, in this example, the driving assembly includes a driving member, a connecting seat 8 and a lead screw 7. The lead screw 7 is vertically and fixedly installed on the lifting frame 4; the connecting seat 8 is horizontally rotatably installed on the frame 2 through a bearing 10, and a lead screw nut 12 is fixedly installed thereon. The lead screw nut 12 is threadedly sleeved outside the lead screw 7; the driving member is connected to the connecting seat 8 and is used to drive the connecting seat 8 to rotate.

[0070] When it is necessary to adjust the height of the print head 3, at this time, the driving member can be used to drive the connecting seat 8 to rotate. The lead screw nut 12 rotates together with the connecting seat 8. The threaded connection between the lead screw nut 12 and the lead screw 7 causes the lead screw 7 to move up and down, so as to realize the up and down movement of the lifting frame 4 and the print head 3.

[0071] Based on the above solution, an L-shaped plate is fixedly installed on the barrel 15, and the L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the lead screw 7.

[0072] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned bearing 10 is installed on the frame 2, that is, the outer ring of the bearing 10 is in interference fit with the frame 2, and its inner ring is in interference fit with the connecting seat 8. Specifically: the connecting seat 8 has a cylindrical structure that is thick at the upper end and thin at the lower end, and its lower end extends into the inner ring of the bearing 10 and is in interference fit with the inner ring of the bearing 10; the lead screw nut 12 is fixedly installed in the connecting seat 8 through bolts.

[0073] In addition, the above-mentioned lead screw 7 passes through the lead screw nut 12 and the connecting seat 8.

[0074] Embodiment 7

[0075] On the basis of Embodiment 6, in this embodiment, the edge of the connecting seat 8 has a hexagonal structure, and the driving member includes a handle 9. One end of the handle 9 is clamped with the connecting seat 8, and it can drive the connecting seat 8 to rotate when rotating.

[0076] This solution has a simple structure and reasonable design. By using the special structures of the handle 9 and the connecting seat 8, the handle 9 drives the connecting seat 8 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the lead screw nut 12.

[0077] Based on the above solution, the above-mentioned handle 9 adopts a ratchet wrench, and one end thereof is provided with a clamping hole with a hexagonal cross-section. This clamping hole can be directly clamped outside the connecting seat 8, and when the handle 9 is manually rotated back and forth, it can drive the connecting seat 8 to rotate.

[0078] Embodiment 8

[0079] On the basis of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, a plurality of universal wheels 1 with brakes are evenly and rotatably installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame 2 at intervals.

[0080] This solution has a simple structure and reasonable design. Using the universal wheels 1 makes it convenient to move the entire device, which is easy and convenient.

[0081] Embodiment 9

[0082] On the basis of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, guiding shafts 5 are vertically and relatively fixedly connected to both sides of the lifting frame 4, and the two guiding shafts 5 respectively penetrate through the frame 2.

[0083] This solution has a simple structure and reasonable design. The lifting frame 4 is slidably connected to the frame 2 up and down by using the two guiding shafts 5 to guide the lifting frame 4 and ensure the stability of the up and down movement of the lifting frame 4.

[0084] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned guiding shaft 5 preferably has a cylindrical structure.

[0085] Embodiment 10

[0086] On the basis of Embodiment 9, in this embodiment, a pair of through holes are respectively provided on the two sides of the lifting frame 4, relatively up and down, and a linear bearing 11 is fixedly installed at each pair of through holes; correspondingly, the guide shafts 5 respectively penetrate through the two linear bearings 11.

[0087] This solution has a simple structure and reasonable design. The linear bearing 11 is used to enable the guide shaft 5 to move up and down in the corresponding space, reducing the friction of the up and down movement while ensuring that the lifting frame 4 moves linearly up and down within the constrained space, further ensuring the stability of the up and down movement of the lifting frame 4.

[0088] The working principle of the present utility model is as follows:

[0089] When conducting an experiment, test materials are added into the hopper 6, and the reduction motor 13 is started. The concrete materials are kept in a fluid state through the stirring action of the auger 14 in the barrel 15, and thus are extruded and formed through the nozzle 16 under the combined action of their own weight and the pushing force of the auger blades.

[0090] Under manual operation, the printing platform is moved so that the nozzle moves along the target trajectory. When it is necessary to raise the printing height, the handle 9 is pushed. By continuously pushing the handle, the height of the print head will continue to increase. After reaching the target height, the handle 9 is released, and the lead screw nut 12 and the lead screw 7 are self-locked. At this time, the height is locked, and the platform can continue to be moved at this height to perform the printing operation.

[0091] After the 3D model printing is completed, the barrel 15, the auger 14, and the nozzle 16 can be conveniently removed and cleaned.

[0092] The present utility model is suitable for carrying out experimental research on appropriate material mix ratios and printing parameters matching the material mix ratios.

[0093] It should be noted that all the electronic components involved in the present utility model adopt existing technologies, and the above-mentioned various components are electrically connected to the controller. The control circuit between the controller and each component is an existing technology.

[0094] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present utility model. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present utility model. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.

[0095] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative manner of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0096] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 3D printing experimental device for concrete, characterized in that: It includes a lifting frame (4), a movable frame (2), a print head (3) and a driving assembly. The lifting frame (4) is installed on the frame (2), and the print head (3) is fixedly installed on the lifting frame (4); the driving assembly is installed on the frame (2), connected to the lifting frame (4), and used to drive the lifting frame (4) to move up and down and be positioned; the driving assembly includes a driving member, a connecting seat (8) and a lead screw (7), and the lead screw (7) is vertically and fixedly installed on the lifting frame (4); the connecting seat (8) is horizontally rotatably installed on the frame (2) through a bearing (10), and a lead screw nut (12) is fixedly installed thereon, and the lead screw nut (12) is threadedly sleeved outside the lead screw (7); the driving member is connected to the connecting seat (8) and used to drive the connecting seat (8) to rotate; the edge of the connecting seat (8) is in a hexagonal structure, and the driving member includes a handle (9), one end of the handle (9) is clamped with the connecting seat (8), and it can drive the connecting seat (8) to rotate when rotating.

2. The concrete 3D printing experimental equipment according to claim 1, wherein: The print head (3) includes a cartridge (15) and a nozzle (16). The cartridge (15) is fixedly installed on the lifting frame (4), and its lower end is open; the nozzle (16) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the cartridge (15).

3. The concrete 3D printing experimental equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The print head (3) further includes an auger (14) and a reduction motor (13). The auger (14) is vertically installed in the cartridge (15); the reduction motor (13) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the cartridge (15), and its driving end extends into the cartridge (15) and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the auger (14).

4. The concrete 3D printing experimental equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the cartridge (15) is provided with a feed port penetrating through the inside and outside.

5. The concrete 3D printing experimental equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: It further includes a hopper (6). The hopper (6) is fixedly installed on the lifting frame (4), located above the cartridge (15), and its lower end is communicated with the feed port through a pipeline.

6. The concrete 3D printing experimental equipment according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: A plurality of universal wheels (1) with brakes are evenly and spacedly rotatably installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame (2).

7. The concrete 3D printing experimental equipment according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Guide shafts (5) are vertically and relatively fixedly connected to both sides of the lifting frame (4), and the two guide shafts (5) respectively penetrate through the frame (2).

8. The concrete 3D printing experimental equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pair of through holes are respectively provided on both sides of the lifting frame (4) up and down relatively. A linear bearing (11) is fixedly installed at each pair of through holes; the corresponding guide shafts (5) respectively penetrate through the two linear bearings (11).

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