Special vehicle anti-impact vibration reduction seat capable of being adjusted to ascend and descend

Abstract

The utility model discloses a special vehicle anti-impact vibration reduction seat capable of being adjusted to ascend and descend, which comprises a seat body arranged on a high-impact vibration reduction device, and the high-impact vibration reduction device is connected with a seat ascending and descending adjusting device through a low-impact vibration reduction supporting column. The seat lifting device comprises an inner lifting cylinder nested in the outer fixing cylinder in a sliding manner, and a lifting connecting seat is fixedly arranged at the top end of the inner lifting cylinder; a low-temperature pneumatic spring is arranged between the inner bottom end of the lifting connecting seat and the lifting connecting seat; bolt holes are formed in the circumferential outer wall of the outer fixing cylinder at equal intervals in the vertical direction, and positioning pins capable of being embedded in the bolt holes are arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the inner lifting cylinder; an unlocking mechanism capable of driving the positioning pin to slide in the radial direction of the inner lifting cylinder is arranged on the lifting connecting seat; the seat lifting device has the advantages that the height position of the seat is convenient to adjust, the seat lifting device is safe and reliable to unlock and lock, no failure risk exists, the safety coefficient is high, the damping effect is good, and the comfort and safety of passengers are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shock-absorbing seats, in particular to a special vehicle anti-impact shock-absorbing seat with adjustable lifting height. Background Technique

[0002] Special vehicles refer to special-purpose vehicles used to perform special tasks and can play an important role in handling emergencies. Special vehicles often carry out field operations. The terrain in the wild is complex and the driving road surface is bumpy, so the requirements for seats are relatively high. The shock-absorbing performance of special vehicle seats is particularly important for the comfort and safety of passengers. In addition, special vehicle seats should have the function of adjustable height. The patent publication number CN212685332U discloses a semi-active shock-absorbing seat suspension and a driver's seat, which uses a variable damper and a spring provided by a shear cross mechanism to shock-absorb the seat. However, the effect of absorbing high-impact potential energy and low-impact potential energy by the cooperation of only the spring and the variable damper is poor, and there are problems such as poor shock-absorbing effect, inconvenient adjustment of the seat height position, poor comfort of passengers, and low safety. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the existing defects and provide a special vehicle anti-impact shock-absorbing seat with adjustable lifting height, which is convenient for adjusting the seat height position, and the unlocking and locking of the seat lifting device are safe and reliable, without the risk of failure, with a high safety factor, effectively avoiding the structural function failure caused by collision damage. The shock-absorbing effect is good by the simultaneous operation of the low-impact shock-absorbing support column and the high-impact shock-absorbing device, improving the comfort and safety of passengers, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technique.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solution: a shock-proof and vibration-damping seat for special vehicles with adjustable lifting, comprising a seat body, a high-impact vibration-damping device and a seat lifting device. The high-impact vibration-damping device includes an upper fixed bracket and a lower fixed bracket which are symmetrically arranged up and down. A scissors cross mechanism is arranged between the upper fixed bracket and the lower fixed bracket. The scissors cross mechanism is composed of two groups of cross plates, and a transmission shaft is arranged between the two groups of cross plates. An adjustable damping shock absorber is movably connected between the transmission shaft and the lower fixed bracket; the seat body is fixed on the upper fixed bracket; the top end of the seat lifting device is connected with a slideway assembly through a low-impact shock-absorbing support column, and the bottom end of the lower fixed bracket is slidably connected with the slideway assembly; the seat lifting device includes an outer fixed cylinder, an inner lifting cylinder is slidably nested in the outer fixed cylinder, the top end of the inner lifting cylinder penetrates through the outer fixed cylinder and is fixedly provided with a lifting connection seat, and the end of the low-impact shock-absorbing support column is fixedly connected with the lifting connection seat; a low-temperature pneumatic spring is arranged at the inner bottom end of the lifting connection seat, and the telescopic end at the top of the low-temperature pneumatic spring is fixedly connected with the lifting connection seat; insertion pin holes are equidistantly arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the outer fixed cylinder in the vertical direction, and a positioning pin which can be nested in the insertion pin holes is arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the inner lifting cylinder; an unlocking mechanism which can drive the positioning pin to slide in the radial direction of the inner lifting cylinder is arranged on the lifting connection seat.

[0005] Further, the unlocking mechanism includes an unlocking connecting rod which can slide in the vertical direction on the lifting connection seat. The end of the unlocking connecting rod penetrates into the inner lifting cylinder, and an unlocking slider assembly is fixedly arranged at the end of the unlocking connecting rod; the unlocking slider assembly includes an unlocking block fixedly connected with the unlocking connecting rod. An inclined sliding groove is arranged on the unlocking block, and an inclined sliding shaft is slidably nested in the inclined sliding groove. The positioning pin is fixedly connected with the inclined sliding shaft. A guide sleeve is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the inner lifting cylinder in the radial direction corresponding to the positioning pin, and the positioning pin is slidably nested in the guide sleeve; a handle which can rotate in the vertical direction is movably connected to the lifting connection seat through a pin shaft, and the top end of the unlocking connecting rod is movably connected with the inner rotating end of the handle through a connecting rod member.

[0006] Further, a tension spring is connected between the handle and the lifting connection seat; the positioning pin is in a stepped shaft structure. The convex shaft end of the positioning pin penetrates through the guide sleeve and is fixedly connected with the inclined sliding shaft. A return spring is nested on the convex shaft of the positioning pin, and the two ends of the return spring respectively abut against the inner end of the guide sleeve and the shaft shoulder of the positioning pin.

[0007] Furthermore, the cross plates of each group are composed of two obliquely intersecting plates which are arranged to intersect with each other, and the obliquely intersecting plates are movably connected by a pin shaft; the same-side ends of the obliquely intersecting plates of each group are movably connected to the corresponding upper fixed bracket and lower fixed bracket through a hinge shaft, and the other same-side ends of the obliquely intersecting plates are all connected with rollers through a rotating shaft. Linear slideways adapted to the rollers are provided on both the upper fixed bracket and the lower fixed bracket, and the rollers on the obliquely intersecting plates are all slidably nested in the corresponding linear slideways; a transmission shaft is provided between the obliquely intersecting plates of the two groups of cross plates, a dust-proof cover is provided between the upper fixed bracket and the lower fixed bracket, and the scissors crossing mechanism is located inside the dust-proof cover.

[0008] Furthermore, the low-impact shock-absorbing support column includes an upper cover and a lower cover. An upper fixed shaft and a lower shock-absorbing shaft are respectively and fixedly connected inside the upper cover and the lower cover. The upper fixed shaft and the lower shock-absorbing shaft are coaxially arranged. A receiving groove is axially formed at the center of the bottom end of the upper fixed shaft, and the top end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft is slidably nested in the receiving groove. A shock-absorbing spring is provided between the upper cover and the lower cover; the top end of the upper fixed shaft penetrates through the upper cover and is fixedly connected to the slideway assembly, and the lower end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft is fixedly connected to the lifting connection seat.

[0009] Furthermore, the receiving groove in the upper fixed shaft is a threaded groove, and a limiting sleeve is threadedly connected in the receiving groove. The top end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft is slidably nested in the limiting sleeve; a shoulder is provided at the top end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft, and a limiting protrusion for abutting against the shoulder of the lower shock-absorbing shaft is provided at the lower end of the limiting sleeve; an exhaust through hole is axially formed at the top end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft, and a one-way valve is provided in the exhaust through hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the seat body includes a seat cushion, and a backrest is provided at the rear side of the seat cushion. The seat cushion is fixed on the upper fixed bracket; a safety belt is also provided on the seat cushion.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: For this impact-resistant and shock-absorbing seat of special vehicle with adjustable lifting, the inner lifting cylinder and the outer fixed cylinder can be quickly unlocked through the seat lifting device. After the adjustment of the seat height position is completed, self-locking is achieved by the elastic force applied by the low-temperature pneumatic spring to the lifting connection seat and the inner lifting cylinder. The seat lifting device adopts a mechanical locking and unlocking structure, which is convenient for adjusting the seat height position, and the unlocking and locking of the seat lifting device are safe and reliable, without the risk of failure, with a high safety factor. During the handling and transfer of the seat, the structural and functional failure caused by bump damage can be effectively avoided; the low-impact shock-absorbing support column can effectively absorb the vibration and impact during vehicle driving; the high-impact shock-absorbing device absorbs high-impact potential energy, and the adjustable damping shock absorber of the high-impact shock-absorbing device has the function of adjustable damping. By adjusting the size of the damping of the adjustable damping shock absorber, the speed and rhythm of reset after impact can be adjusted, and it can adapt to occupants of different weights. Through the principle of potential energy-thermal energy conversion and absorption, the harm of vibration and impact to the seat occupants is reduced; the low-impact shock-absorbing support column and the high-impact shock-absorbing device work simultaneously with good shock-absorbing effect, improving the comfort and safety of the occupants. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a front view of the shock-absorbing seat of the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the high-impact shock-absorbing device of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-impact shock-absorbing device of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 5 It is an axonometric view of the high-impact shock-absorbing device of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the low-impact shock-absorbing support column of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the low-impact shock-absorbing support column of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 8 It is a sectional view of the lower shock absorber of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 9 It is a sectional view of the whole seat lifting device of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 10 It is a partial sectional view at the handle of the seat lifting device of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 11This is a partial cross-sectional view of the unlocking latch assembly of the seat lifting device of the present utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Seat body; 11. Cushion; 12. Backrest; 13. Seat belt; 2. High-impact shock-absorbing device; 21. Upper fixing bracket; 211. Linear slideway; 22. Lower fixing bracket; 23. Cross plate; 231. Diagonal cross plate; 232. Hinge shaft; 233. Roller; 234. Transmission shaft; 24. Adjustable damping shock absorber; 25. Dust cover; 3. Slideway assembly; 4. Low-impact shock-absorbing support column; 41. Upper cover; 42. Lower cover; 43. Upper fixing shaft; 44. Lower shock-absorbing shaft; 441. Exhaust through hole; 442. Check valve; 45. Shock-absorbing spring; 46. Limiting sleeve; 5. Seat lifting device; 51. Outer fixing cylinder; 511. Latch hole; 52. Inner lifting cylinder; 53. Lifting connection seat; 54. Low-temperature pneumatic spring; 55. Handle; 56. Unlocking link; 57. Unlocking slider assembly; 571. Unlocking block; 572. Guide sleeve; 573. Oblique slideway; 574. Oblique slide shaft; 575. Return spring; 58. Pull spring; 59. Positioning pin. Specific embodiments

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Embodiment

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-11 , the present utility model provides a technical solution: a shock-absorbing seat for special vehicles with adjustable lifting, including a seat body 1, a high-impact shock-absorbing device 2 and a seat lifting device 5;

[0026] The high-impact shock absorber 2 includes an upper fixing bracket 21 and a lower fixing bracket 22 which are symmetrically arranged up and down. A shear cross mechanism is provided between the upper fixing bracket 21 and the lower fixing bracket 22. The shear cross mechanism consists of two groups of cross plates 23. Each group of cross plates 23 is composed of two inclined cross plates 231 which are arranged crosswise with each other. The inclined cross plates 231 are movably connected by a pin shaft. The same-side ends of each group of inclined cross plates 231 are movably connected to the corresponding upper fixing bracket 21 and lower fixing bracket 22 through a hinge shaft 232. The other same-side ends of the inclined cross plates 231 are each connected with a roller 233 through a rotating shaft. Linear slideways 211 adapted to the rollers 233 are provided on both the upper fixing bracket 21 and the lower fixing bracket 22. The rollers 233 on the inclined cross plates 231 are all slidably nested in the corresponding linear slideways 211. A transmission shaft 234 is provided between the inclined cross plates 231 of the two groups of cross plates 23. An adjustable damping shock absorber 24 is movably connected between one of the transmission shafts 234 and the lower fixing bracket 22.

[0027] The seat body 1 is fixed on the upper fixing bracket 21. The top end of the seat lifting device 5 is connected with a slideway assembly 3 through a low-impact shock-absorbing support column 4. The bottom end of the lower fixing bracket 22 is slidably connected with the slideway assembly 3.

[0028] The low-impact shock-absorbing support column 4 includes an upper cover 41 and a lower cover 42. An upper fixing shaft 43 and a lower shock-absorbing shaft 44 are respectively fixedly connected inside the upper cover 41 and the lower cover 42. The upper fixing shaft 43 and the lower shock-absorbing shaft 44 are coaxially arranged. A receiving groove is opened at the center of the bottom end of the upper fixing shaft 43 along its axial direction. The receiving groove is a threaded groove and is threadedly connected with a limiting sleeve 46. The top end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft 44 is slidably nested in the limiting sleeve 46. A shoulder is provided at the top end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft 44. A limiting protrusion for abutting against the shoulder of the lower shock-absorbing shaft 44 is provided at the lower end of the limiting sleeve 46. An exhaust through hole 441 is opened at the top end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft 44 along its axial direction. A one-way valve 442 is provided in the exhaust through hole 441. A shock-absorbing spring 45 is provided between the upper cover 41 and the lower cover 42. The top end of the upper fixing shaft 43 penetrates through the upper cover 41 and is fixedly connected with the slideway assembly 3. The lower end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft 44 is fixedly connected with a lifting connection seat 53.

[0029] The seat lifting device 5 includes an outer fixing cylinder 51. An inner lifting cylinder 52 is slidably nested inside the outer fixing cylinder 51. The top end of the inner lifting cylinder 52 penetrates through the outer fixing cylinder 51 and is fixedly provided with a lifting connection seat 53. The end of the low-impact shock-absorbing support column 4 is fixedly connected with the lifting connection seat 53. A low-temperature pneumatic spring 54 is provided at the bottom end inside the lifting connection seat 53. The telescopic end at the top of the low-temperature pneumatic spring 54 is fixedly connected with the lifting connection seat 53. Plug holes 511 are equally spaced in the vertical direction on the circumferential outer wall of the outer fixing cylinder 51. A positioning pin 59 which can be nested in the plug holes 511 is provided at the lower end of the side wall of the inner lifting cylinder 52.

[0030] The lifting connection seat 53 is provided with an unlocking link 56 that can slide vertically. The end of the unlocking link 56 penetrates into the inner lifting cylinder 52, and an unlocking slider assembly 57 is fixedly provided at the end of the unlocking link 56. The unlocking slider assembly 57 includes an unlocking block 571 fixedly connected to the unlocking link 56. An inclined sliding groove 573 is formed on the unlocking block 571, and an inclined sliding shaft 574 is slidably nested in the inclined sliding groove 573. The positioning pin 59 is fixedly connected to the inclined sliding shaft 574. A guide sleeve 572 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the inner lifting cylinder 52 in the radial direction corresponding to the positioning pin 59, and the positioning pin 59 is slidably nested in the guide sleeve 572. A handle 55 that can rotate vertically is movably connected to the lifting connection seat 53 through a pin shaft. The top end of the unlocking link 56 is movably connected to the inner rotating end of the handle 55 through a connecting rod member 561. A tension spring 58 is connected between the handle 55 and the lifting connection seat 53. Rotating the handle 55 can drive the unlocking link 56 to move vertically, and the lifting and lowering of the unlocking link 56 can drive the inclined sliding shaft 574 to drive the positioning pin 59 to slide in the radial direction of the inner lifting cylinder 52.

[0031] The slideway assembly 3 is a common structure of an existing seat, and the present invention will not describe it in detail.

[0032] Working principle:

[0033] When it is necessary to raise the height of the shock-absorbing seat, lift the control handle 55 upward to rotate it around the pin shaft on the lifting connection seat 53. The inner rotating end of the handle 55 drives the unlocking link 56 to move downward, and then drives the unlocking block 571 to move downward. The inclined sliding groove 573 on the unlocking block 571 drives the inclined sliding shaft 574 and the positioning pin 59 to move in the radial direction toward the inside of the inner lifting cylinder 52, so that the positioning pin 59 disengages from the pin hole 511 of the outer fixed cylinder 51. At this time, the inner lifting cylinder 52 can freely slide axially in the outer fixed cylinder 51, and under the elastic force of the low-temperature pneumatic spring 54, the inner lifting cylinder 52 moves upward. When the shock-absorbing seat rises to the appropriate position, release the handle 55, and the handle 55 rotates downward through the tension spring 58. The unlocking link 56 moves upward, and the positioning pin 59 moves in the radial direction toward the outside of the inner lifting cylinder 52 and inserts into the pin hole 511 of the outer fixed cylinder 51. At this time, the inner lifting cylinder 52 is locked in the current position, so that the shock-absorbing seat is fixed at the current height.

[0034] When it is necessary to lower the height of the shock-absorbing seat, make the positioning pin 59 disengage from the pin hole 511 of the outer fixed cylinder 51 according to the above method. At this time, apply pressure on the seat surface to overcome the elastic force of the low-temperature pneumatic spring 54, so that the inner lifting cylinder 52 moves downward. When the shock-absorbing seat drops to the appropriate position, release the handle 55, and the inner lifting cylinder 52 is locked in the current position.

[0035] When the seat body 1 is subjected to a high impact force, according to the analysis of the relative motion state, it is equivalent to the occupant applying a large instantaneous impact force to the seat body 1. In this state, the vertical position of the lower fixing bracket 22 remains unchanged, and the upper fixing bracket 21 moves downward under the large impact force, causing the diagonal fork plates 231 of the cross plate 23 to rotate and open relative to each other, and the rollers 233 on the diagonal fork plates 231 slide in the straight slideways 211 opposite to them. The adjustable damping shock absorber 24 compresses in the length stroke by overcoming the spring force installed on itself. When all the impact potential energy is converted into the elastic potential energy of the spring on the adjustable damping shock absorber 24, the adjustable damping shock absorber 15 elongates in the length stroke direction. At this time, there is an oil-gas mixed medium inside the adjustable damping shock absorber 15 to convert the elastic potential energy into the frictional heat energy of the gas mixed medium, thereby reducing the injury of the seat to the occupant when the energy is released and improving the riding comfort of the personnel on the seat and the safety protection during impact;

[0036] When the seat body 1 is subjected to a low impact force; according to the analysis of the relative motion state, when a low impact force occurs, it is equivalent to the occupant applying a small instantaneous impact force to the seat body 1. In this state, the shock absorber shaft 44 and the lower seal cover 42 remain in a fixed state relative to each other, and the lower end of the shock absorber spring 45 remains fixed; during the impact, the upper fixed shaft 43 drives the limit sleeve 46 and the upper seal cover 41 to move downward to compress the shock absorber spring 18, converting the potential energy applied by the occupant to the seat body 1 into the elastic performance of the shock absorber spring 45. At this time, the one-way valve 442 inside the lower shock absorber shaft 44 opens, so that the receiving groove of the upper fixed shaft 43 is connected to the outside through the exhaust through hole 441, and the air in the receiving groove can be released into the air; after all the impact potential energy is absorbed and converted into the elastic potential energy of the shock absorber spring 45, the shock absorber spring 45 begins to elongate and release the elastic potential energy. At this time, the one-way valve 442 inside the lower shock absorber shaft 44 closes, and a sealed cavity is formed between the lower shock absorber shaft 44, the limit sleeve 46, and the receiving groove of the upper fixed shaft 43. When the lower shock absorber shaft 44 and the upper fixed shaft 43 are relatively separated, the cavity space increases. Since the sliding gap between the inner limit sleeve 46 and the lower shock absorber shaft 44 is small, the outside air cannot quickly enter the sealed cavity. Therefore, a negative pressure cavity similar to a vacuum will be formed in the sealed cavity in a short time, providing a large resistance for the relative separation of the lower shock absorber shaft 44 and the upper fixed shaft 43, making the relative separation speed of the lower shock absorber shaft 44 and the upper fixed shaft 43 slower, and converting the elastic potential energy of the shock absorber spring 45 into the frictional heat energy when the outside air enters through the sliding gap between the limit sleeve 46 and the lower shock absorber shaft 44, thereby achieving a stable state of the seat when it is vibrated and impacted during vehicle driving and improving the riding comfort of the personnel on the seat and the safety protection during impact;

[0037] Furthermore, the positioning pin 59 has a stepped shaft structure. The convex shaft end of the positioning pin 59 penetrates through the guide sleeve 572 and is fixedly connected to the inclined sliding shaft 574. A return spring 575 is nested on the convex shaft of the positioning pin 59. Both ends of the return spring 575 are abutted against the inner end of the guide sleeve 572 and the shoulder of the positioning pin 59 respectively. After the seat height is adjusted and the handle 55 is released, the positioning pin 59 is quickly inserted into the pin hole 511 by the elastic force applied by the return spring 575 to the positioning pin 59.

[0038] Furthermore, a dust cover 25 is provided between the upper fixing bracket 21 and the lower fixing bracket 22, and the scissors cross mechanism is located inside the dust cover 25. The sealing performance of the high-impact shock absorption device 2 is improved through the dust cover 25, and the service life of the high-impact shock absorption device 2 is prolonged.

[0039] Furthermore, the seat body 1 includes a seat cushion 11. A backrest 12 is provided at the rear side of the seat cushion 11. The seat cushion 11 is fixed on the upper fixing bracket 21; A safety belt 13 is also provided on the seat cushion 11.

[0040] The adjustable lift special vehicle anti-shock and vibration damping seat disclosed in this embodiment can quickly unlock the inner lift cylinder 52 and the outer fixed cylinder 51 through the seat lift device 5. After the seat height position adjustment is completed, self-locking is completed by the elastic force applied by the low-temperature pneumatic spring 54 to the lift connection seat 53 and the inner lift cylinder 52. The seat height position adjustment is convenient, and the unlocking and locking of the seat lift device 5 are safe and reliable, without the risk of failure, and the safety factor is high. During the handling and transfer of the seat, the structural function failure caused by collision damage can be effectively avoided; The low-impact shock absorption support column 4 can effectively absorb the vibration shock during vehicle driving; The high-impact shock absorption device 2 absorbs the high-impact potential energy, and the adjustable damping shock absorber 24 of the high-impact shock absorption device 2 has the function of adjustable damping. By adjusting the size of the damping of the adjustable damping shock absorber 24, the speed and rhythm of the reset after impact are adjusted, and it can adapt to occupants of different weights. Through the potential energy-thermal energy conversion absorption principle, the harm of vibration shock to the seat occupants is reduced; The low-impact shock absorption support column 4 and the high-impact shock absorption device 2 work simultaneously with good shock absorption effect, improving the comfort and safety of the occupants.

[0041] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A special vehicle impact-proof and shock-absorbing seat with adjustable lifting, comprising a seat body, a high-impact shock-absorbing device and a seat lifting device, characterized in that: The high-impact shock absorber device includes an upper fixed bracket and a lower fixed bracket which are symmetrically arranged up and down. A shear cross mechanism is provided between the upper fixed bracket and the lower fixed bracket. The shear cross mechanism is composed of two groups of cross plates, and a transmission shaft is provided between the two groups of cross plates. An adjustable damping shock absorber is movably connected between the transmission shaft and the lower fixed bracket; the seat body is fixed on the upper fixed bracket; the top end of the seat lifting device is connected with a slideway assembly through a low-impact shock-absorbing support column, and the bottom end of the lower fixed bracket is slidably connected with the slideway assembly; the seat lifting device includes an outer fixed cylinder, an inner lifting cylinder is slidably nested in the outer fixed cylinder, the top end of the inner lifting cylinder penetrates through the outer fixed cylinder and is fixedly provided with a lifting connection seat, and the end of the low-impact shock-absorbing support column is fixedly connected with the lifting connection seat; a low-temperature pneumatic spring is provided at the inner bottom end of the lifting connection seat, and the telescopic end at the top of the low-temperature pneumatic spring is fixedly connected with the lifting connection seat; insertion pin holes are equidistantly arranged along the vertical direction on the circumferential outer wall of the outer fixed cylinder, and a positioning pin which can be nested in the insertion pin holes is arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the inner lifting cylinder; an unlocking mechanism which can drive the positioning pin to slide in the radial direction of the inner lifting cylinder is arranged on the lifting connection seat.

2. The adjustable lift shock-proof and vibration-damping seat for special vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unlocking mechanism includes an unlocking connecting rod which can slide in the vertical direction on the lifting connection seat. The end of the unlocking connecting rod penetrates into the inner lifting cylinder, and an unlocking slider assembly is fixedly provided at the end of the unlocking connecting rod; the unlocking slider assembly includes an unlocking block fixedly connected with the unlocking connecting rod. An inclined chute is arranged on the unlocking block, and an inclined sliding shaft is slidably nested in the inclined chute. The positioning pin is fixedly connected with the inclined sliding shaft. A guide sleeve is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the inner lifting cylinder in the radial direction corresponding to the positioning pin, and the positioning pin is slidably nested in the guide sleeve; a handle which can rotate in the vertical direction is movably connected to the lifting connection seat through a pin shaft, and the top end of the unlocking connecting rod is movably connected with the inner rotating end of the handle through a connecting rod member.

3. The shock-proof and vibration-damping seat for special vehicles with adjustable lifting according to claim 2, characterized in that: A tension spring is connected between the handle and the lifting connection seat; the positioning pin is of a stepped shaft structure. The convex shaft end of the positioning pin penetrates through the guide sleeve and is fixedly connected with the inclined sliding shaft. A return spring is nested on the convex shaft of the positioning pin, and the two ends of the return spring respectively abut against the inner end of the guide sleeve and the shaft shoulder of the positioning pin.

4. An impact-resistant and shock-absorbing seat for special vehicles with adjustable lifting, characterized in that: Each group of cross plates is composed of two obliquely crossed plates which are arranged in a crossed manner. The obliquely crossed plates are movably connected through a pin shaft; at the same side end of each group of obliquely crossed plates, they are movably connected to the corresponding upper fixed bracket and lower fixed bracket through a hinge shaft. At the other same side end of the obliquely crossed plates, rollers are connected through a rotating shaft. Linear slideways adapted to the rollers are arranged on both the upper fixed bracket and the lower fixed bracket, and the rollers on the obliquely crossed plates are all slidably nested in the corresponding linear slideways; a transmission shaft is provided between the obliquely crossed plates of the two groups of cross plates. A dust cover is provided between the upper fixed bracket and the lower fixed bracket, and the shear cross mechanism is located in the dust cover.

5. The shock-proof and vibration-damping seat for special vehicles with adjustable lifting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-impact shock-absorbing support column includes an upper cover and a lower cover. An upper fixed shaft and a lower shock-absorbing shaft are fixedly connected inside the upper cover and the lower cover respectively. The upper fixed shaft and the lower shock-absorbing shaft are coaxially arranged. A receiving groove is formed at the center of the bottom end of the upper fixed shaft along its axial direction. The top end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft is slidably nested in the receiving groove. A shock-absorbing spring is arranged between the upper cover and the lower cover. The top end of the upper fixed shaft penetrates through the upper cover and is fixedly connected with the slideway assembly. The lower end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft is fixedly connected with the lifting connection seat.

6. The shock-proof and vibration-damping seat for special vehicles with adjustable lifting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The receiving groove in the upper fixed shaft is a threaded groove. A limiting sleeve is threadedly connected in the receiving groove. The top end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft is slidably nested in the limiting sleeve. A shoulder is provided at the top end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft. A limiting protrusion for abutting against the shoulder of the lower shock-absorbing shaft is provided at the lower end of the limiting sleeve. An exhaust through hole is formed at the top end of the lower shock-absorbing shaft along its axial direction. A one-way valve is arranged in the exhaust through hole.

7. The shock-proof and vibration-damping seat for special vehicles with adjustable lifting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seat body includes a seat cushion. A backrest is provided at the rear side of the seat cushion. The seat cushion is fixed on the upper fixed bracket. A seat belt is also provided on the seat cushion.

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