Horizontal engine crusher
By improving the structure of the horizontal engine crusher and the PLC control system, the problem of difficulty in shearing, loading and upturning of the camshaft in the engine crusher is solved, and stable and efficient crushing operation is achieved, reducing equipment wear and cost.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421805527.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-29
AI Technical Summary
When handling scrapped engines, existing engine crushers have problems such as difficulty in cutting the camshaft, easy loading and upturning of the crushing head, and serious wear of the front lining plate of the box.
The improved horizontal engine crusher structure is adopted, including the main pressure cylinder, crushing pressure head, head front lining plate, box front lining plate, bottom guide strip and guide plate. The pressure is adjusted in real time through the PLC control system, combining the guide plate and guide strip to prevent bias and upturn, and the concave groove structure of the head front lining plate and box front lining plate is optimized to achieve stable crushing.
It effectively overcomes the problems of bias load and upturn, improves the shearing ability of the camshaft, reduces equipment wear, achieves safe and reliable crushing operations, improves crushing efficiency and reduces costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223113133U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of waste metal recycling equipment, and particularly relates to a horizontal engine crusher. Background Art
[0002] China's national standard stipulates that for the six major components of scrapped automobiles, such as engines, transmissions, front axles, rear axles, steering wheels, and vehicle frames, they must be completely disassembled under the supervision of the public security organs, classified and collected according to different materials, and it is strictly prohibited to resell and utilize them privately. An engine crusher is a common large-scale equipment for crushing objects such as motorcycle engines, truck engines, and car engines into pieces. After the scrapped engine is crushed into small pieces by the crusher, it is then used for remelting and smelting to be transformed into recycled metal, and some are used to produce machinery and equipment or components, tools, and household utensils. This avoids waste of resources and can further reduce the environmental pollution caused by engines. Currently, the engine crushers on the market mainly use the methods of extrusion and shearing for crushing treatment, and there are the following three disadvantages: 1. The camshaft in the engine is not easily broken by extrusion or shearing; 2. When the crushing ram works, it is prone to eccentric loading and upward warping; 3. The lining plate of the front frame of the box body wears severely. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] A horizontal engine crusher includes: a main pressure oil cylinder, a crushing ram, and a crushing material box. The main pressure oil cylinder is connected to the crushing ram, and a front lining plate of the ram is provided at the other end of the crushing ram. A front frame lining plate of the box body is provided inside the crushing material box. A bottom guide bar is provided at the bottom of the crushing material box, and a guide plate is provided on the side wall of the crushing material box.
[0004] Further, an uneven groove of the front lining plate of the ram is provided on the front lining plate of the ram.
[0005] Further, the number of the uneven grooves of the front lining plate of the ram is one or more.
[0006] Further, an uneven groove of the front frame lining plate is provided on the front frame lining plate of the box body.
[0007] Further, the number of the uneven grooves of the front frame lining plate is one or more.
[0008] Further, the front section of the guide plate is fixedly welded to the side wall of the crushing material box, and a plurality of threaded holes are further provided on the guide plate of the rear section and are installed on the side wall of the crushing material box through fasteners. The cross-sectional shape of the guide plate is a polygon with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part.
[0009] Further, the number of the guide bars and the guide plates is one or more.
[0010] Further, the bottom guide bar is provided below the uneven groove of the front frame lining plate.
[0011] Further, the guide bars and guide plates are used to prevent the left-right offset force and upward warping problem of the material during operation.
[0012] Further, the bottom layer of the guide plate 33 is made of MN500 high-strength wear-resistant steel plate, and the rest is made of Q235 carbon structural steel.
[0013] Further, the front frame liner of the box body is arranged opposite to the front liner of the punch head.
[0014] Further, the concave-convex grooves of the front frame liner and the concave-convex grooves of the front liner of the punch head are arranged in a staggered manner and are parallel in position.
[0015] Further, the PLC control system controls the actions of the main pressing oil cylinder and the crushing punch head, and the PLC control system includes a pressure sensor.
[0016] Further, the pressure sensor is arranged on the main pressing oil cylinder.
[0017] Further, a door cover oil cylinder is arranged outside the crushing box body, and the door cover oil cylinder is connected to the door cover.
[0018] Further, a blanking notch is arranged at the lower part of the crushing box body.
[0019] Further, the number of the blanking notches is one or more.
[0020] A front liner of the punch head is arranged at the other end of the crushing punch head, a front frame liner of the box body is arranged inside the crushing box body, concave-convex grooves of the front frame liner are arranged on the front frame liner of the box body, bottom guide bars are arranged at the bottom of the crushing box body, guide plates are arranged on the side walls of the crushing box body, concave-convex grooves of the front liner are arranged on the front liner of the punch head, and the concave-convex grooves of the front frame liner and the concave-convex grooves of the front liner of the punch head are arranged in a staggered manner and are parallel in position. The improvement of the above structure enables the present utility model to have the following beneficial effects: (1) The device can overcome the problem of eccentric load or upward warping occurring during the crushing of the engine when working; (2) After the structure is improved, it is easier for the device to cut off the camshaft inside the engine; (3) By collecting the signals of the pressure sensor, the PLC controls the applied pressure, that is, it controls to adopt a slow speed at high pressure and a relatively fast speed at low pressure, ensuring the safety of the equipment use, and different crushing modes can also be adopted according to different engines, and the operation is simple, convenient, safe and reliable. Description of the Drawings
[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing box body of the present utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 It is a top view of the present utility model;
[0024] Figure 4 This is the rear view of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 5 This is the left view of the present utility model;
[0026] Figure 6 This is the right view of the present utility model;
[0027] Figure 7 This is the schematic structural view of the front lining plate of the pressing head of the present utility model;
[0028] Figure 8 This is the schematic structural view of the front frame lining plate of the box body of the present utility model;
[0029] Figure 9 This is the schematic structural view of the guide plate of the present utility model.
[0030] Explanation of reference numerals: main pressing oil cylinder - 1, crushing pressing head - 2, front lining plate of the pressing head - 21, concave and convex grooves on the front lining plate of the pressing head - 211, crushing material box - 3, front frame lining plate of the box body - 31, concave and convex grooves on the front frame lining plate - 311, guide strip - 32, guide plate - 33, door cover oil cylinder - 34, door cover - 35, blanking notch 36, pressure sensor - 4. Detailed implementation manners
[0031] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.
[0032] The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to more thoroughly and completely understand the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure.
[0033] It should be understood that the steps recited in the method embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed in different orders and / or executed in parallel. In addition, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.
[0034] As used herein, the term "including" and its variations are open-ended, i.e., "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description.
[0035] It should be noted that the concepts such as "first", "second", etc. mentioned in this disclosure are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units. It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "a plurality of" mentioned in this disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly specified in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".
[0036] A horizontal engine crusher, comprising: a main pressing oil cylinder 1, a crushing head 2 and a crushing bin 3. The main pressing oil cylinder 1 is connected to the crushing head 2. The other end of the crushing head 2 is provided with a front liner 21 of the head. Inside the crushing bin 3, a front frame liner 31 of the bin is provided. At the bottom of the crushing bin 3, a bottom guide bar 32 is provided, and on the side wall of the crushing bin 3, a guide plate 33 is provided. On the front liner 21 of the head, an uneven groove 211 of the front liner of the head is provided. On the front frame liner 31 of the bin, an uneven groove 311 of the front frame liner is provided. The number of the uneven grooves 211 of the front liner of the head is one or more, and the number of the uneven grooves 311 of the front frame liner is one or more. The front frame liner 31 of the bin and the front liner 21 of the head are arranged opposite to each other. The uneven groove 311 of the front frame liner and the uneven groove 211 of the front liner of the head are arranged in an interlaced manner and are parallel in position. At the bottom of the crushing bin 3, a bottom guide bar 32 is provided, and on the side wall of the crushing bin 3, a guide plate 33 is provided. The number of the guide bars 32 and the side wall guide plates 33 is multiple. The front section of the guide plate 33 is fixedly welded to the side wall of the crushing bin 3 to prevent the fixing failure of the guide plate in the high-pressure working area. On the rear section of the guide plate 33, a plurality of threaded holes are further provided and are installed on the side wall of the crushing bin 3 through bolts, which is convenient for the later maintenance, disassembly, replacement and repair of the head. The cross-sectional shape of the guide plate 33 is a polygon with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, which reduces the accumulation of materials at the edge. The guide plate 33 is beneficial for materials such as scrapped motorcycle engines to smoothly enter the crushing bin 3. The bottom layer of the guide plate 33 is made of MN500 high-strength wear-resistant steel plate, and the rest is made of Q235 carbon structural steel. The guide plate 33 can reduce the impact of materials on the equipment and ensure the safety of the equipment. The material of the bottom guide bar 32 provided at the bottom of the crushing bin 3 is carbon steel. The guide plate 33 and the guide bar 32 can effectively prevent the generation of left-right offset force and upward warping problems during operation, and further reduce the wear of the front liner 21 of the head. The guide bar 32, the guide plate 33, the front frame liner 31 of the bin and the front liner 21 of the head cooperate together to prevent the occurrence of eccentric load or material upward warping problems during the operation of the equipment and ensure the stability of the equipment operation.
[0037] The PLC control system includes a pressure sensor 4. The pressure sensor 4 is arranged on the main pressing oil cylinder 1. The pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure output by the main oil cylinder 1. Outside the crushing bin 3, a door cover oil cylinder 34 is provided, and the door cover oil cylinder 34 is connected to a door cover 35. At the lower part of the crushing bin 3, a blanking notch 36 is provided. The number of the door cover oil cylinders is one or more, and the number of the blanking notches is one or more.
[0038] Embodiment 1. The device crushes the waste engine of a scrapped motorcycle. In the first step, the staff controls the door cover oil cylinder 34 to work through the PLC, so that the door cover 35 opens, and the scrapped motorcycle engine is poured into the crushing bin 3. The PLC control system controls the door cover oil cylinder 34 to close the door cover 35. The hydraulic control rotary cover closing structure adopted by the utility model has a larger feeding opening area and has the advantage of convenient feeding. In the second step, the PLC control system controls the main pressing oil cylinder 1 to work, and the crushing head 2 starts to work. First, the main pressing oil cylinder 1 pushes the crushing head 2 to apply pressure to the scrapped engine in the crushing bin 3 in a low-pressure and fast-pushing manner. The pressure sensor 4 feeds back the pressure signal to the PLC control system in real time. When the pressure received by the pressure sensor 4 reaches the predetermined first pressure, the PLC control system then controls the main pressing oil cylinder 1 to change the pressurization method and thus change the pressure, that is, it becomes a low-speed and high-pressure mode, and then continues to apply pressure at low speed and high pressure to squeeze and crush the scrapped engine in the crushing bin 3 again until the main pressing oil cylinder 1 continuously increases the pressure to the predetermined pressure value, that is, the pressure is applied at low speed at high pressure and at high speed at low pressure, ensuring the stable and safe use of the equipment. In the third step, when the pressure sensor 4 receives that the pressure of the crushing head 2 reaches the predetermined peak value, the PLC control system controls the main pressing oil cylinder 1 to return to the initial non-pressurized position, and the PLC control system controls the door cover oil cylinder 34 to return to the initial position, the door cover opens, and the engine fragments slide out from the blanking notch 36, completing one engine crushing operation. The device controls each moving part through the PLC control system to adopt hydraulic drive, the crushing pressure and size are controllable, and elements such as the working mode can be controllably adjusted. Therefore, the crushing pressure and speed can be adjusted according to the situation of the crushed object. Therefore, the device has the characteristics of simple control method and high working efficiency.
[0039] The horizontal engine crusher greatly reduces the workload of the operators. Compared with the traditional crusher, the utility model has stable crushing effect, controllable process, and is equipped with guide bars and guide plates, effectively overcoming the problems of eccentric load and warping. The device optimizes the structural shapes of the front lining plate of the pressing head and the front frame lining plate of the box body, adds the concave-convex grooves 211 of the front lining plate of the pressing head and the concave-convex grooves 311 of the front frame lining plate on them, and arranges the concave-convex grooves 211 of the front lining plate of the pressing head and the concave-convex grooves 311 of the front frame lining plate in a staggered and parallel manner. Compared with the prior art, such a structural improvement is beneficial to extruding or shearing the camshaft in the scrapped engine, improving the crushing effect and working efficiency. Only one worker is needed to control the entire crusher through the PLC control system, without repeated extrusion and shearing, greatly saving time and reducing the crushing and scrapping cost.
[0040] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present utility model can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present utility model. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present utility model.
Claims
1. A horizontal engine crusher, comprising: Main pressing oil cylinder (1), crushing head (2) and crushing bin (3), characterized in that the main pressing oil cylinder (1) is connected to the crushing head (2), a front liner plate (21) of the crushing head is arranged at the other end of the crushing head (2), a front frame liner plate (31) is arranged inside the crushing bin (3), a bottom guide bar (32) is arranged at the bottom of the crushing bin (3), and a guide plate (33) is arranged on the side wall of the crushing bin (3).
2. The horizontal engine crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, A concavo-convex groove (211) of the front liner plate of the crushing head is arranged on the front liner plate (21) of the crushing head.
3. The horizontal engine crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, A concavo-convex groove (311) of the front frame liner plate is arranged on the front frame liner plate (31).
4. The horizontal engine crusher according to claim 1, wherein The front section of the guide plate (33) is fixedly welded on the side wall of the crushing bin (3), and a plurality of threaded holes are further arranged on the guide plate (33) of the rear section and are installed on the side wall of the crushing bin (3) through fasteners. The cross-sectional shape of the guide plate (33) is a polygon with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part.
5. The horizontal engine crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front frame liner plate (31) of the bin is arranged opposite to the front liner plate (21) of the crushing head.
6. The horizontal engine crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that The concavo-convex groove (311) of the front frame liner plate and the concavo-convex groove (211) of the front liner plate of the crushing head are arranged in an interleaved manner and are parallel in position.
7. The horizontal engine crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that The PLC control system controls the actions of the main pressing oil cylinder (1) and the crushing head (2), and the PLC control system includes a pressure sensor (4).
8. The horizontal engine crusher according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure sensor (4) is arranged on the main pressing oil cylinder (1).
9. The horizontal engine crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, A door cover oil cylinder (34) is arranged outside the crushing bin (3), and the door cover oil cylinder (34) is connected to a door cover (35).
10. The horizontal engine crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, A blanking notch (36) is arranged at the lower part of the crushing bin (3).