Tunnel excavation supporting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel excavation supporting device which comprises a supporting main body, the supporting main body comprises a lateral support and a bottom support, the lateral support comprises a steel bar grating arch frame layer, a steel bar welded mesh layer and a concrete lining layer, and a plurality of hollow grouting anchor rods are welded on the steel bar welded mesh layer. Arc-shaped supporting frames are symmetrically arranged in the supporting body, supporting sleeves and supporting bases are arranged at the bottoms of the arc-shaped supporting frames, supporting screws are rotationally arranged in the supporting sleeves, worm wheels are arranged on the supporting screws, worms matched with the worm wheels are rotationally arranged on the supporting sleeves, and rotating supporting rotary knobs are arranged on the worms. According to the tunnel supporting device, all-directional supporting is conveniently conducted in the tunnel excavation process, the safety of tunnel excavation is improved, water prevention is conveniently conducted on a tunnel through the waterproof layer, the interior of the supporting main body is supported through cooperation of the supporting base and the arc-shaped supporting frame, and the supporting stability of the supporting main body is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and more specifically, to a tunnel excavation supporting device. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous promotion of infrastructure construction in my country, tunnel engineering plays an increasingly important role in the fields of transportation, energy, water conservancy, etc. However, during the tunnel construction process, crossing the shale coal seam section has become a technical difficulty due to its special geological conditions and potential safety risks. Shale is a soft rock with high water content, easy deformation, and low strength. During the tunnel excavation process, these characteristics of shale can easily lead to problems such as surrounding rock instability and ground subsidence.

[0003] Most of the tunnel support structures in the prior art are fixed structures and cannot be adjusted according to the actual support height. For different support heights, support structures of different heights need to be built separately, which is labor-intensive and time-consuming, with low work efficiency, low support strength, poor stability, and easy to leak. Utility Model Content

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a tunnel excavation support device to solve the technical problem of low support strength mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a tunnel excavation support device, comprising a support body, the support body comprising lateral support and bottom support, the lateral support comprising a steel grating arch frame layer, a steel welded mesh layer and a concrete lining layer, the steel grating arch frame layer, the steel welded mesh layer and the concrete lining layer are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and a plurality of hollow grouting anchor rods are welded on the steel welded mesh layer, an arc-shaped support frame is symmetrically arranged inside the support body, a support sleeve and a support seat are arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped support frame, a support screw is rotatably arranged in the support sleeve, the support screw is threadedly connected to the support seat, a worm gear is arranged on the support screw, a worm matching the worm gear is rotatably arranged on the support sleeve, and a rotation support knob is arranged on the worm gear.

[0008] The utility model is further configured such that the bottom support comprises a steel-concrete inverted arch, and a main body of a sheet stone concrete, a steel-concrete layer and an asphalt concrete layer is sequentially arranged above the steel-concrete inverted arch, so as to facilitate bottom support of the support main body.

[0009] The present utility model is further configured such that the main body of the asphalt concrete layer includes a medium-grained asphalt concrete layer and a fine-grained asphalt concrete layer, which improves its drainage capacity while ensuring the strength of the main body of the asphalt concrete layer and prevents water accumulation.

[0010] The present utility model is further configured such that a waterproof layer is provided on the outer side of the concrete lining layer, and the waterproof layer is made of geotextile and waterproof coiled material, which facilitates waterproofing of the support main body.

[0011] The present utility model is further configured such that connecting screws are provided between the arc-shaped support frames, and connecting nuts are provided on the connecting screws. Through the connecting screws and the connecting nuts, it is convenient to connect and fix the arc-shaped support frames.

[0012] The present utility model is further configured such that spring washers are provided between the connecting nuts and the arc-shaped support frames, which improves the connection tightness between the connecting screws and the connecting nuts.

[0013] The present utility model is further configured such that the arc-shaped support frame includes a structural layer, and an antioxidant layer is provided on one side of the structural layer. The structural layer is made of high manganese steel, and the antioxidant layer is composed of an alumina passivation film with a passivated surface. It is suitable for the arc-shaped support frame to be protected by a dense alumina passivation film to avoid the problem of oxidation and corrosion.

[0014] The present utility model is further configured such that a wear-resistant layer is provided on the other side of the structural layer, which effectively improves the wear-resistant performance of the arc-shaped support frame and increases the service life of the arc-shaped support frame.

[0015] (III) Beneficial effects

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model provides a tunnel excavation support device, which has the following

[0017] beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. Through the steel bar grid arch layer, the steel bar welded mesh layer and the concrete lining layer, the lateral support of the tunnel surrounding rock is realized. Through the reinforced concrete inverted arch, the rubble concrete, the reinforced concrete layer and the main body of the asphalt concrete layer, the bottom support of the tunnel is realized. Through the cooperation of the lateral support and the bottom support, it is convenient to provide all-round support during the tunnel excavation process, improve the safety of the tunnel excavation, and through the setting of the waterproof layer, it is convenient to waterproof the tunnel.

[0019] 2. By providing connecting screws, connecting nuts and spring washers, it is convenient to connect adjacent arc-shaped support frames. Rotate the support knob, and through the cooperation of the worm and the worm gear, drive the support screw to rotate. The support screw rotates relative to the support seat, driving the support seat to move upward to support the arc-shaped support frame. Through the cooperation of the support seat and the arc-shaped support frame, the inside of the support main body is supported, improving the support stability of the support main body.

[0020] 3. Through the cooperation of the structural layer, antioxidant layer and wear-resistant layer, the service life and structural strength of the arc-shaped support frame are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tunnel excavation support device in the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the support main body in the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 For Figure 1 a partially enlarged schematic diagram of A in

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the support sleeve, support seat, worm, worm gear and support screw in the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the structural layer, antioxidant layer and wear-resistant layer in the present utility model.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Support main body; 2. Lateral support; 3. Bottom support; 4. Reinforced steel grid arch layer; 5. Reinforced steel welded mesh layer; 6. Concrete lining layer; 7. Hollow grouting bolt; 8. Arc-shaped support frame; 9. Support sleeve; 10. Support seat; 11. Support screw; 12. Worm gear; 13. Worm; 14. Rotating support knob; 15. Reinforced concrete inverted arch; 16. Rubble concrete; 17. Reinforced concrete layer; 18. Asphalt concrete layer main body; 19. Medium-grained asphalt concrete layer; 20. Fine-grained asphalt concrete layer; 21. Waterproof layer; 22. Connecting screw; 23. Connecting nut; 24. Spring washer; 25. Structural layer; 26. Antioxidant layer; 27. Wear-resistant layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0028] It should be pointed out that unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0029] In the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, the orientations such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the directions shown in the drawings, or to the vertical, perpendicular or gravitational directions; similarly, for the convenience of understanding and description, "left" and "right" generally refer to the left and right shown in the drawings; "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contour of each component itself, but the above orientation terms are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , a tunnel excavation support device, comprising a support main body 1, the support main body 1 includes a lateral support 2 and a bottom support 3, the lateral support 2 includes a steel bar grid arch layer 4, a steel bar welded mesh layer 5 and a concrete lining layer 6, the steel bar grid arch layer 4, the steel bar welded mesh layer 5 and the concrete lining layer 6 are arranged in sequence from outside to inside, and a plurality of hollow grouting bolts 7 are welded on the steel bar welded mesh layer 5, arc-shaped support frames 8 are symmetrically arranged inside the support main body 1, a support sleeve 9 and a support seat 10 are arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped support frame 8, a support screw 11 is rotatably arranged inside the support sleeve 9, the support screw 11 is threadedly connected with the support seat 10, a worm gear 12 is arranged on the support screw 11, a worm 13 matched with the worm gear 12 is rotatably arranged on the support sleeve 9, a rotation support knob 14 is arranged on the worm 13, the bottom support 3 includes a reinforced concrete inverted arch 15, a rubble concrete 16, a reinforced concrete layer 17 and an asphalt concrete layer main body 18 are arranged in sequence above the reinforced concrete inverted arch 15, the asphalt concrete layer main body 18 includes a medium-grained asphalt concrete layer 19 and a fine-grained asphalt concrete layer 20, a waterproof layer 21 is arranged outside the concrete lining layer 6, and the waterproof layer 21 is made of geotextile and waterproof coiled material.

[0031] In this embodiment, when tunneling and supporting the surrounding rock, the staff first build the steel bar grid arch layer 4 and the steel bar welded mesh layer 5 of the lateral support 2 and the reinforced concrete inverted arch 15 of the bottom support 3. The steel bar grids in the steel bar grid arch layer 4 and the reinforced concrete inverted arch 15 are arranged in a plum blossom structure. The built steel bar grid arch and the steel bar welded mesh are connected by the hollow grouting bolts 7. Subsequently, formwork is used to pour concrete for the steel bar grid arch layer 4, the steel bar welded mesh layer 5 and the reinforced concrete inverted arch 15, which plays a role in stabilizing and supporting the tunnel, ensuring uniform stress on the tunnel. The waterproof layer 21 composed of geotextile and waterproof coiled material is laid on the steel bar welded mesh layer 5, improving the waterproof performance. Subsequently, a secondary cast-in-place concrete lining layer 6 is carried out on the waterproof layer 21, and the rubble concrete 16 and the asphalt concrete layer main body 18 are laid on the reinforced concrete inverted arch 15 to reinforce the reinforced concrete inverted arch 15. Through the cooperation of the medium-grained asphalt concrete layer 19 and the fine-grained asphalt concrete layer 20 in the asphalt concrete layer main body 18, while ensuring the strength of the asphalt concrete layer main body 18, its drainage capacity is improved, preventing water accumulation, and a drain pipe (not shown in the figure) can be embedded in the asphalt concrete layer main body 18.

[0032] Please refer toFigures 3-5 , as an implementation of the arc-shaped support frame 8: There is a connecting screw 22 between the arc-shaped support frames 8. A connecting nut 23 is provided on the connecting screw 22. A spring washer 24 is provided between the connecting nut 23 and the arc-shaped support frame 8. The arc-shaped support frame 8 includes a structural layer 25. An antioxidant layer 26 is provided on one side of the structural layer 25. A wear-resistant layer 27 is provided on the other side of the structural layer 25.

[0033] More specifically, select a suitable arc-shaped support frame 8 according to the tunnel section size. Through the cooperation of the connecting screw 22, the connecting nut 23 and the spring washer 24, adjacent arc-shaped support frames 8 are connected and fixed. Then rotate the support knob 14. The support knob drives the support worm 13 to rotate. The worm 13 drives the worm gear 12 to rotate. The worm gear 12 drives the support screw 11 to rotate. The support screw 11 rotates relative to the support seat 10 to adjust the height of the support seat 10. The bottom of the arc-shaped support frame 8 is supported by the support seat 10 to adjust the top surface height of the arc-shaped support frame 8 to support the bottom of the tunnel, further improving the stability of the support main body 1. The structural layer 25 is made of high manganese steel. The antioxidant layer 26 is composed of an alumina passivation film with a passivated surface. It is suitable for the arc-shaped support frame 8 to avoid the problem of oxidation and corrosion under the protection of the dense alumina passivation film. The wear-resistant layer 27 is composed of a chromium plating layer, effectively improving the wear-resistant performance of the arc-shaped support frame 8 and extending its service life.

[0034] In summary, when the overall equipment is in use or operation: When tunneling and supporting the surrounding rock, the staff first build the steel bar grid arch layer 4, the steel bar welded mesh layer 5 of the lateral support 2 and the reinforced concrete inverted arch 15 of the bottom support 3. The steel bar grids are arranged in a plum blossom structure in the steel bar grid arch layer 4 and the reinforced concrete inverted arch 15. The built steel bar grid arch and the steel bar welded mesh are connected by the hollow grouting anchor rod 7. Then formwork is used to pour concrete for the steel bar grid arch layer 4, the steel bar welded mesh layer 5 and the reinforced concrete inverted arch 15, which plays a role in stabilizing and supporting the tunnel, ensuring uniform stress on the tunnel. A waterproof layer 21 composed of geotextile and waterproof coiled material is laid on the steel bar welded mesh layer 5 to improve the waterproof performance. Then a secondary cast-in-place concrete lining layer 6 is carried out on the waterproof layer 21. Crushed stone concrete 16 and the asphalt concrete layer main body 18 are laid on the reinforced concrete inverted arch 15 to reinforce the reinforced concrete inverted arch 15. Through the cooperation of the medium-grained asphalt concrete layer 19 and the fine-grained asphalt concrete layer 20 in the asphalt concrete layer main body 18, while ensuring the strength of the asphalt concrete layer main body 18, its drainage capacity is improved to prevent water accumulation.

[0035] Select a suitable arc-shaped support frame 8 according to the tunnel section size. Through the cooperation of the connecting screw 22, the connecting nut 23 and the spring washer 24, the adjacent arc-shaped support frames 8 are connected and fixed. Subsequently, rotate the support knob 14. The support knob drives the support worm 13 to rotate. The worm 13 drives the worm wheel 12 to rotate. The worm wheel 12 drives the support screw 11 to rotate. The support screw 11 rotates relative to the support base 10 to adjust the height of the support base 10. Support the bottom of the arc-shaped support frame 8 through the support base 10, adjust the top surface height of the arc-shaped support frame 8, and support the bottom of the tunnel, further improving the stability of the support main body 1. The structural layer 25 is made of high manganese steel, and the anti-oxidation layer 26 is composed of an alumina passivation film with a passivated surface. It is suitable for the arc-shaped support frame 8 to be protected by a dense alumina passivation film, avoiding the problem of oxidation and rust. The wear-resistant layer 27 is composed of a chromium plating layer, effectively improving the wear-resistant performance of the arc-shaped support frame 8 and extending the service life of the arc-shaped support frame 8.

[0036] In all the above-mentioned solutions, for the connection between two components, welding, bolt and nut connection, bolt or screw connection, or other well-known connection methods can be selected according to the actual situation, which will not be elaborated one by one here. For those mentioned above that involve fixed connection, welding is preferably considered. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel excavation support device, comprising a support main body (1), characterized in that: The support main body (1) includes a lateral support (2) and a bottom support (3). The lateral support (2) includes a steel bar grid arch layer (4), a steel bar welded mesh layer (5), and a concrete lining layer (6). The steel bar grid arch layer (4), the steel bar welded mesh layer (5), and the concrete lining layer (6) are arranged in sequence from outside to inside. And a plurality of hollow grouting bolts (7) are welded on the steel bar welded mesh layer (5). Arc-shaped support frames (8) are symmetrically arranged inside the support main body (1). A support sleeve (9) and a support seat (10) are provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped support frame (8). A support screw rod (11) is rotatably arranged in the support sleeve (9). The support screw rod (11) is threadedly connected with the support seat (10). A worm gear (12) is provided on the support screw rod (11). A worm (13) cooperating with the worm gear (12) is rotatably arranged on the support sleeve (9). A rotary support knob (14) is provided on the worm (13).

2. The tunnel excavation support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom support (3) includes a reinforced concrete invert (15). Above the reinforced concrete invert (15), there are arranged a rubble concrete (16), a reinforced concrete layer (17), and an asphalt concrete layer main body (18) in sequence.

3. The tunnel excavation support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The asphalt concrete layer main body (18) includes a medium-grained asphalt concrete layer (19) and a fine-grained asphalt concrete layer (20).

4. A tunnel excavation support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waterproof layer (21) is provided on the outer side of the concrete lining layer (6). The waterproof layer (21) is made of geotextile and waterproof coiled material.

5. A tunnel excavation support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting screw rod (22) is provided between the arc-shaped support frames (8). A connecting nut (23) is provided on the connecting screw rod (22).

6. The tunnel excavation support device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spring washer (24) is provided between the connecting nut (23) and the arc-shaped support frame (8).

7. A tunnel excavation support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped support frame (8) includes a structural layer (25). An antioxidant layer (26) is provided on one side of the structural layer (25).

8. A tunnel excavation support device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A wear-resistant layer (27) is provided on the other side of the structural layer (25).

Images