Gear shifting mechanism and transmission

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a gear shifting mechanism and a transmission. The gear shifting mechanism comprises a gear shifting shaft, a driving component, a guide groove, a shifting fork and a pressure monitoring device, the driving component can drive the gear shifting shaft to rotate in the axial direction of the gear shifting shaft, the guide groove is connected to the gear shifting shaft and is bent in the circumferential direction of the gear shifting shaft, and the shifting fork is located in the guide groove. The guide groove rotates to drive the shifting fork to move in the axial direction of the gear shifting shaft, and the pressure monitoring device is arranged on the shifting fork. According to the gear shifting mechanism, the bent part of the guide groove can drive the shifting fork to be located at different positions, the shifting fork can be located at different positions to achieve gear shifting, the control difficulty is low, the risks of gear jumping and gear disorder are reduced, gear shifting clamping stagnation or gear shifting failure is avoided, the shifting fork is provided with the pressure monitoring device, and the size of gear shifting force can be monitored in real time. The problems that a traditional gear shifting mechanism is poor in applicability and free of gear shifting feedback capacity, and gear selecting and gear shifting need to be coordinated are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular, to a shifting mechanism and a transmission. Background Art

[0002] The power source of new energy vehicles has changed from an engine to a drive motor. Due to the constraints of vehicle space and usage environment, the vehicle electric drive system is different from ordinary electric drive systems, and it requires higher operating performance, specific power, and the ability to adapt to harsher working environments, etc.

[0003] In the prior art, the shifting mechanism of a transmission cannot adjust the shifting output force according to different operating conditions of the gearbox. Most shifting mechanisms need to perform two actions: first selecting a gear and then shifting gears, and these are two sets of power routes that cooperate to execute, resulting in a relatively high control difficulty, and there are risks of gear jumping and gear confusion, causing shifting jams or inability to shift gears. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] A series of simplified concepts are introduced in the application content part, which will be further elaborated in the specific implementation part. The application content part of the present application does not mean to attempt to define the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor does it mean to attempt to determine the protection scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present application, a shifting mechanism is provided, and the shifting mechanism includes:

[0006] A shifting shaft;

[0007] A driving member that can drive the shifting shaft to rotate around the axial direction of the shifting shaft, and the driving member includes a pneumatic rotary motor, a hydraulic rotary motor, or an electric motor;

[0008] A guiding groove connected to the shifting shaft, the guiding groove is bent along the circumferential direction of the shifting shaft, the guiding groove includes at least two groove segments, and the positions of the at least two groove segments are offset along the axial direction of the shifting shaft;

[0009] A shifting fork located in the guiding groove, and the guiding groove rotates to drive the shifting fork to move along the axial direction of the shifting shaft; and

[0010] A pressure monitoring device arranged on the shifting fork.

[0011] According to the shift mechanism of the present application, the shift mechanism includes a shift shaft, a driving member, a guide groove, a shift fork, and a pressure monitoring device. The driving member can drive the shift shaft to rotate around the axial direction of the shift shaft. The driving member includes a pneumatic rotary motor, a hydraulic rotary motor, or an electric motor. The guide groove is connected to the shift shaft and is bent along the circumferential direction of the shift shaft. The guide groove includes at least two groove segments, and the positions of the at least two groove segments are offset along the axial direction of the shift shaft. The shift fork is located in the guide groove, and the guide groove rotates to drive the shift fork to move along the axial direction of the shift shaft. The pressure monitoring device is arranged on the shift fork. In this way, the bent portions of the guide groove can drive the shift fork to be located at different positions respectively, so that the shift fork can be located at different positions to achieve shifting. Through one power path, the shifting operations of multiple gears can be achieved, with low control difficulty, reduced risks of gear jumping and gear confusion, and avoidance of shifting jamming or inability to shift, solving the problems of poor applicability, lack of shifting feedback ability, and the need for coordination in gear selection and shifting of traditional shift mechanisms.

[0012] Optionally, the shift mechanism includes a first guide groove. At least two groove segments of the first guide groove include a first gear position segment, a second gear position segment, and a guide segment. The guide segment is inclined and connected to both the first gear position segment and the second gear position segment.

[0013] Optionally, the guide segment includes a first guide segment, a second guide segment, and a first neutral gear segment. The first guide segment is inclined and connected to both the first gear position segment and the first neutral gear segment. The second guide segment is inclined and connected to both the second gear position segment and the first neutral gear segment.

[0014] Optionally, the guide segment further includes a third guide segment and a second neutral gear segment. The third guide segment is inclined and connected to both the second gear position segment and the second neutral gear segment. The second neutral gear segment is connected to the first gear position segment.

[0015] Optionally, the shift mechanism further includes a second guide groove. At least two groove segments of the second guide groove include a first extension segment, a second extension segment, and an inclined segment. The inclined segment is inclined and connected to both the first extension segment and the second extension segment.

[0016] Optionally, it includes at least two shift forks and at least two guide grooves. The at least two shift forks are arranged at intervals along the axial direction. The at least two shift forks are respectively located in the at least two guide grooves, and the at least two shift forks can move respectively along the axial direction.

[0017] Optionally, the shift mechanism further includes a speed reducer. The speed reducer connects the driving member and the shift shaft. The speed reducer includes a ring gear and at least one planetary gear assembly. The at least one planetary gear assembly is meshed with the ring gear. One planetary gear assembly is connected to the driving member, and the other planetary gear assembly is connected to the shift shaft.

[0018] Optionally, the speed reducer includes a first planetary gear assembly and a second planetary gear assembly. The two-stage reduction gears share a ring gear. The first planetary gear assembly includes a first planetary gear and a planet carrier. The first planetary gear meshes with the driving member. The second planetary gear assembly includes a sun gear and a second planetary gear. The sun gear is fixed to the planet carrier of the first planetary gear assembly, and the sun gear meshes with the second planetary gear.

[0019] Optionally, the shifting mechanism further includes an angle monitoring device, and the angle monitoring device is arranged on the shifting shaft.

[0020] The present application also provides a transmission, and the transmission includes the above-mentioned shifting mechanism.

[0021] In the transmission according to the present application, the transmission includes the above-mentioned shifting mechanism. The shifting mechanism includes a shifting shaft, a driving member, a guiding groove, a shifting fork and a pressure monitoring device. The driving member can drive the shifting shaft to rotate around the axial direction of the shifting shaft. The driving member includes a pneumatic rotary motor, a hydraulic rotary motor or an electric motor. The guiding groove is connected to the shifting shaft and is bent along the circumferential direction of the shifting shaft. The guiding groove includes at least two groove segments, and the positions of the at least two groove segments are offset along the axial direction of the shifting shaft. The shifting fork is located in the guiding groove, and the guiding groove rotates to drive the shifting fork to move along the axial direction of the shifting shaft. The pressure monitoring device is arranged on the shifting fork. In this way, the bent part of the guiding groove can drive the shifting fork to be located at different positions, so that the shifting fork can be located at different positions to achieve shifting. The shifting operation of multiple gears can be realized through one power path, the control difficulty is low, the risks of gear jumping and gear disorder are reduced, the shifting jamming or inability to shift are avoided, and the problems of poor applicability, lack of shifting feedback ability and the need for coordination in gear selection and shifting of the traditional shifting mechanism are solved. Description of the Drawings

[0022] The following drawings of the present application are hereby incorporated as part of the present application for understanding the present application. The embodiments and descriptions of the present application are shown in the drawings to explain the device and principle of the present application. In the drawings,

[0023] Figure 1 is a front view schematic diagram of a shifting mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the planetary gear assembly of the shifting mechanism shown;

[0025] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a plane development view of the first guiding groove of the shifting mechanism shown;

[0026] Figure 4For Figure 1 The planar development view of the second guiding groove of the shift mechanism shown; and

[0027] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the force-induced deformation of the shift fork of the shift mechanism.

[0028] Explanation of the reference numerals:

[0029] 100: Shift mechanism 110: Shift shaft

[0030] 111: Bearing 120: Driving member

[0031] 121: First sun gear 131: First guiding groove

[0032] 132: First gear segment 133: Second gear segment

[0033] 134: First guiding segment 135: Second guiding segment

[0034] 136: First neutral gear segment 137: Third guiding segment

[0035] 138: Second neutral gear segment 141: Second guiding groove

[0036] 142: First extension segment 143: Second extension segment

[0037] 144: Inclined segment 151: First shift fork

[0038] 152: Second shift fork 153: First guide pin

[0039] 154: Second guide pin 155: Shift fork shaft

[0040] 156: First plate 157: Second plate

[0041] 161: Pressure monitoring device 162: Angle monitoring device

[0042] 170: Reducer 171: Ring gear

[0043] 172: First planet gear 173: First planet carrier

[0044] 174: Second sun gear 175: Second planet gear

[0045] 176: Second planet carrier Detailed implementation manners

[0046] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present application may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the present application.

[0047] For a thorough understanding of the present application, detailed components will be presented in the following description to illustrate the present application. Obviously, the implementation of the present application is not limited to the specific details familiar to those skilled in the art of this technology. The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. However, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present application may have other embodiments and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments presented herein.

[0048] It should be understood that the purpose of the terms used herein is only to describe specific embodiments and is not a limitation of the present application. The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. When the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. The terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the present application are for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting.

[0049] The ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" cited in the present application are only identifiers and do not have any other meanings, such as a specific order, etc. In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0050] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show representative embodiments of the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0051] As Figure 1As shown, the present application provides a shifting mechanism 100, which can shift gears smoothly. In particular, the shifting mechanism 100 can realize the gear selection and shifting functions of at least two gears through a driving member.

[0052] The shifting mechanism 100 includes a shifting shaft 110, a driving member 120, a guiding groove and a shifting fork. The driving member 120 is connected to the shifting shaft 110. The shifting shaft 110 can rotate. The shifting shaft 110 is configured as a shifting drum shaft. The driving member 120 can output power, and the power output by the driving member 120 can drive the shifting shaft 110 to rotate. The shifting mechanism 100 can realize the gear selection and shifting functions of N (N≥2) gears through one shifting shaft and one driving member 120. The driving member 120 includes a pneumatic rotary motor, a hydraulic rotary motor, or an electric motor. The driving member 120 can be selected and matched with a pneumatic rotary motor, a hydraulic rotary motor, or an electric motor according to different usage environments. At the output end of the driving member 120, there are the same connection interfaces.

[0053] The driving member 120 can drive the shifting shaft 110 to rotate around the axial direction of the shifting shaft 110. Optionally, the axial direction of the driving member 120 is parallel to the axial direction of the shifting shaft 110. The driving member 120 is connected to the shifting shaft 110. The rotation of the driving member 120 can drive the shifting shaft 110 to rotate. The shifting mechanism 100 further includes bearings 111, and the bearings 111 are arranged at both ends of the shifting shaft 110 along the radial direction of the shifting shaft 110. The shifting mechanism 100 is fixedly connected to the transmission housing through the bearings 111. The bearings 111 can support the shifting shaft 110 and ensure that the shifting shaft 110 can rotate forward or backward along the circumferential direction of the shifting shaft 110.

[0054] The shifting shaft 110 is provided with a guiding groove. The guiding groove is connected to the shifting shaft 110. The width direction of the guiding groove is parallel to the axial direction of the shifting shaft 110. The groove wall of the guiding groove protrudes from the shifting shaft 110. The groove wall of the guiding groove protrudes from the shifting shaft 110 along the radial direction of the shifting shaft 110. The guiding groove is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the shifting shaft 110. The groove wall of the guiding groove protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the shifting shaft 110 along the radial direction of the shifting shaft 110. Optionally, the guiding groove can be integrally formed with the shifting shaft 110, or the guiding groove and the shifting shaft 110 are connected together by welding.

[0055] The guiding groove is bent along the circumferential direction of the shifting shaft 110. The guiding groove is connected along the circumferential direction of the shifting shaft 110. The guiding groove can rotate. The guiding groove can rotate around the axial direction of the shifting shaft 110. The guiding groove can rotate along the circumferential direction of the shifting shaft 110. The guiding groove includes at least two groove segments, and the positions of the at least two groove segments are staggered along the axial direction of the shifting shaft 110.

[0056] The shift fork is located in the guide groove. The shift fork is drivingly connected to the guide groove. The guide groove rotates to drive the shift fork to move in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The guide groove is used to change the position of the shift fork. The groove wall of the guide groove can exert a force on the shift fork so that the shift fork can move in the width direction of the guide groove. The component force of the force exerted by the guide groove on the shift fork in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110 is the shifting force F. The guide groove rotates around the axial direction of the shift shaft 110, and the guide groove can drive the shift fork to move. The bent portion of the guide groove can drive the shift fork to be located at different positions respectively. The width direction of the guide groove is parallel to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The shift fork can move linearly in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. In this way, the shift fork can be located at different positions, thereby realizing shifting.

[0057] According to the shifting mechanism 100 of the present application, the shifting mechanism 100 includes a shift shaft 110, a driving member 120, a guide groove and a shift fork. The driving member 120 can drive the shift shaft 110 to rotate around the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The guide groove is connected to the shift shaft 110 and is bent along the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110. The guide groove includes at least two groove segments, and the positions of the at least two groove segments are staggered in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The shift fork is located in the guide groove, and the guide groove rotates to drive the shift fork to move in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. In this way, the bent portion of the guide groove can drive the shift fork to be located at different positions respectively, the shift fork can be located at different positions to realize shifting, and shifting operations for multiple gears can be realized through one power path, with low control difficulty, reduced risks of gear jumping and gear confusion, avoided shifting jamming or inability to shift, and solved the problems of poor applicability, lack of shifting feedback ability, and the need for coordination in gear selection and shifting of the traditional shifting mechanism 100.

[0058] The shifting mechanism 100 may include at least two shift forks and at least two guide grooves, and the at least two shift forks are respectively located in the at least two guide grooves. The at least two shift forks are respectively drivingly connected to the at least two guide grooves. The at least two guide grooves are used to change the positions of the at least two shift forks respectively. The shift fork includes a guide pin, and the guide pin is located in the guide groove. Each of the at least two shift forks includes a guide pin, and the respective guide pins of the at least two shift forks are respectively located in the at least two guide grooves. The at least two shift forks are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The at least two guide grooves are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The at least two shift forks can move respectively in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110.

[0059] To ensure synchronization, such as Figure 1As shown, the shift mechanism 100 further includes a shift fork shaft 155, and a shift fork is connected to the shift fork shaft 155. At least two shift forks are both connected to the shift fork shaft 155. At least two shift forks are capable of moving relative to the shift fork shaft 155 in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The axial direction of the shift shaft 110 is parallel to the axial direction of the shift fork shaft 155. At least two shift forks are capable of moving respectively in the axial direction of the shift fork shaft 155. Thereby, coaxiality can be ensured between at least two shift forks.

[0060] Specifically, the shift mechanism 100 includes a first guide groove 131, and the first guide groove 131 is connected to the shift shaft 110. The first guide groove 131 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the shift shaft 110. The first guide groove 131 protrudes from the shift shaft 110. The first guide groove 131 protrudes from the shift shaft 110 in the radial direction of the shift shaft 110. The groove wall of the first guide groove 131 protrudes from the shift shaft 110 in the radial direction of the shift shaft 110. The width direction of the first guide groove 131 is parallel to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The first guide groove 131 communicates along the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110.

[0061] The shift mechanism 100 includes a first shift fork 151, and the first shift fork 151 is located in the first guide groove 131. The first shift fork 151 includes a first guide pin 153, and the first guide pin 153 is located in the first guide groove 131. As the first guide groove 131 rotates along the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110, the groove wall of the first guide groove 131 applies a force to the first shift fork 151 to drive the first shift fork 151 to move in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The component force applied by the first guide groove 131 to the first shift fork 151 in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110 is the shift force F.

[0062] The first guide groove 131 includes at least two groove segments, and the positions of at least two groove segments of the first guide groove 131 are offset in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. As Figure 3 shown, at least two groove segments of the first guide groove 131 include a first gear position segment 132, a second gear position segment 133, and a guide segment. The first gear position segment 132 and the second gear position segment 133 are inclined and communicated through the guide segment. The guide segment is inclined and communicated with both the first gear position segment 132 and the second gear position segment 133.

[0063] The positions of the first gear stage 132 and the second gear stage 133 are offset in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The positions of the first gear stage 132 and the guiding stage are offset in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The positions of the second gear stage 133 and the guiding stage are offset in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The first gear stage 132 and the second gear stage 133 are substantially parallel. The width direction of the first gear stage 132 is parallel to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The length direction of the first gear stage 132 is parallel to the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110. The length direction of the first gear stage 132 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The width direction of the second gear stage 133 is parallel to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The length direction of the second gear stage 133 is parallel to the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110. The length direction of the second gear stage 133 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110.

[0064] An inclined angle is formed between the first gear stage 132 and the guiding stage. An inclined angle is formed between the second gear stage 133 and the guiding stage. The first shift fork 151 can be respectively located in the first gear stage 132, the second gear stage 133 and the guiding stage, so that the shifting mechanism 100 is respectively in different gears. For example, when the first shift fork 151 is located in the first gear stage 132, the shifting mechanism 100 is in the first gear. When the first shift fork 151 is located in the second gear stage 133, the shifting mechanism 100 is in the second gear. The first shift fork 151 can move to the second gear stage 133 through the guiding stage. The first shift fork 151 can move to the first gear stage 132 through the guiding stage.

[0065] Furthermore, the guiding stage includes a first guiding stage 134, a second guiding stage 135 and a first neutral stage 136. The first gear stage 132 and the first neutral stage 136 are inclinedly connected through the first guiding stage 134. The first guiding stage 134 is inclinedly connected to both the first gear stage 132 and the first neutral stage 136. The positions of the first guiding stage 134 and the second guiding stage 135 are offset in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The positions of the first guiding stage 134 and the first neutral stage 136 are offset in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The positions of the second guiding stage 135 and the first neutral stage 136 are offset in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. An inclined angle is formed between the first guiding stage 134 and the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The width direction of the first guiding stage 134 is parallel to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The first guiding stage 134 extends along the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110. The first guiding stage 134 is inclinedly connected to the first gear stage 132. The first guiding stage 134 is inclinedly connected to the first neutral stage 136.

[0066] The first shift fork 151 located in the first gear section 132 moves to the first neutral section 136 through the first guiding section 134. Thus, the shifting operation can be achieved. For example, when the first shift fork 151 is located in the first gear section 132, the shifting mechanism 100 is in the first gear. The shift shaft 110 rotates, the wall of the first guiding section 134 abuts against the first guide pin 153 of the first shift fork 151, and the wall of the first guiding section 134 applies a force to the first shift fork 151, causing the first shift fork 151 to move in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The component force applied by the first guiding section 134 to the first shift fork 151 in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110 is the shifting force F.

[0067] In this way, the first shift fork 151 can move from the first gear position to the neutral position. The first shift fork 151 can move from the first gear position to the neutral position in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The first guide pin 153 of the first shift fork 151 in the first gear position is in the first gear section 132. The first guide pin 153 of the first shift fork 151 in the neutral position is in the first neutral section 136. The first shift fork 151 in the first gear position can move to the neutral position in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The shifting mechanism 100 is switched from the first gear to the neutral gear.

[0068] The second gear section 133 and the first neutral section 136 are inclinedly connected through the second guiding section 135. The second guiding section 135 is inclinedly connected to both the second gear section 133 and the first neutral section 136. An inclined angle is formed between the second guiding section 135 and the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The width direction of the second guiding section 135 is parallel to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The second guiding section 135 extends along the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110. The second guiding section 135 is inclinedly connected to the second gear section 133. The second guiding section 135 is inclinedly connected to the first neutral section 136.

[0069] The first shift fork 151 located in the first neutral section 136 moves to the second gear section 133 through the second guiding section 135. Thus, the shifting operation can be achieved. For example, when the first shift fork 151 is located in the second gear section 133, the shifting mechanism 100 is in the second gear. The shift shaft 110 rotates, the wall of the second guiding section 135 abuts against the first guide pin 153 of the first shift fork 151, and the wall of the second guiding section 135 applies a force to the first shift fork 151, causing the first shift fork 151 to move in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The component force applied by the second guiding section 135 to the first shift fork 151 in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110 is the shifting force F.

[0070] In this way, the first shift fork 151 can move from the neutral position to the second gear position. The first shift fork 151 can move from the neutral position to the second gear position along the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The first guide pin 153 of the first shift fork 151 in the second gear position is in the second gear section 133. The first guide pin 153 of the first shift fork 151 in the neutral position is in the first neutral section 136. The first shift fork 151 in the neutral position can move to the second gear position along the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The shifting mechanism 100 switches from neutral to second gear.

[0071] When the shifting mechanism 100 downshifts, the driving member 120 rotates in the reverse direction. For example, when the driving member 120 rotates clockwise, the shift shaft 110 rotates clockwise to drive the first shift fork 151 to switch from the first gear position to the neutral position and then from the neutral position to the second gear position, thus completing the upshifting operation. When the driving member 120 rotates counterclockwise, the shift shaft 110 rotates counterclockwise to drive the first shift fork 151 to switch from the second gear position to the neutral position and then from the neutral position to the first gear position, thus completing the downshifting operation. Of course, when the driving member 120 rotates counterclockwise, the shift shaft 110 rotates counterclockwise to drive the first shift fork 151 to switch from the first gear position to the neutral position and then from the neutral position to the second gear position, thus completing the upshifting operation. When the driving member 120 rotates clockwise, the shift shaft 110 rotates clockwise to drive the first shift fork 151 to switch from the second gear position to the neutral position and then from the neutral position to the first gear position, thus completing the downshifting operation.

[0072] The guiding section further includes a third guiding section 137 and a second neutral section 138, and the second gear section 133 and the second neutral section 138 are inclinedly communicated through the third guiding section 137. The third guiding section 137 is inclinedly communicated with both the second gear section 133 and the second neutral section 138. The third guiding section 137 is inclinedly communicated with the second gear section 133. The third guiding section 137 is inclinedly communicated with the second neutral section 138. The positions of the third guiding section 137 and the second gear section 133 are offset along the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The positions of the third guiding section 137 and the second neutral section 138 are offset along the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The positions of the second gear section 133 and the second neutral section 138 are offset along the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. An inclined angle is formed between the third guiding section 137 and the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The width direction of the third guiding section 137 is parallel to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The third guiding section 137 extends along the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110.

[0073] The first shift fork 151 located in the second gear stage 133 moves to the second neutral stage 138 through the third guiding stage 137. Thus, a shifting operation can be achieved. For example, when the first shift fork 151 is located in the second gear stage 133, the shifting mechanism 100 is in the second gear. The shift shaft 110 rotates, and the wall of the third guiding stage 137 abuts against the first guide pin 153 of the first shift fork 151. The wall of the third guiding stage 137 applies a force to the first shift fork 151, causing the first shift fork 151 to move in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The component force applied by the third guiding stage 137 to the first shift fork 151 in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110 is the shifting force F.

[0074] The first shift fork 151 can move from the second gear position to the neutral position. The first shift fork 151 can move from the second gear position to the neutral position in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The first guide pin 153 of the first shift fork 151 in the second gear position is in the second gear stage 133. The first guide pin 153 of the first shift fork 151 in the neutral position is in the second neutral stage 138. The first shift fork 151 in the second gear position can move to the neutral position in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The shifting mechanism 100 is switched from the second gear to the neutral gear.

[0075] In order to enable the shifting mechanism 100 to accommodate more gears, now return Figure 1 , the shifting mechanism 100 further includes a second guiding groove 141, and the second guiding groove 141 is connected to the shift shaft 110. The second guiding groove 141 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the shift shaft 110. The second guiding groove 141 protrudes from the shift shaft 110. The second guiding groove 141 protrudes from the shift shaft 110 in the radial direction of the shift shaft 110. The groove wall of the second guiding groove 141 protrudes from the shift shaft 110 in the radial direction of the shift shaft 110. The width direction of the second guiding groove 141 is parallel to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The second guiding groove 141 communicates along the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110. The shifting mechanism 100 includes a second shift fork 152, and the second shift fork 152 is located in the second guiding groove 141. The second shift fork 152 includes a second guide pin 154, and the second guide pin 154 is located in the second guiding groove 141. The second guiding groove 141 rotates along the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110, and the groove wall of the second guiding groove 141 applies a force to the second shift fork 152 to drive the second shift fork 152 to move in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The component force applied by the second guiding groove 141 to the second shift fork 152 in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110 is the shifting force F.

[0076] The second guiding groove 141 includes at least two groove segments, such as Figure 4As shown, at least two slot segments of the second guide slot 141 include a first extension segment 142, a second extension segment 143, and an inclined segment 144. The inclined segment 144 is inclinedly connected to both the first extension segment 142 and the second extension segment 143. The first extension segment 142 and the second extension segment 143 are inclinedly connected through the inclined segment 144. The first extension segment 142 and the inclined segment 144 are inclinedly connected. The second extension segment 143 and the inclined segment 144 are inclinedly connected. The positions of the first extension segment 142 and the second extension segment 143 are staggered in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The positions of the first extension segment 142 and the inclined segment 144 are staggered in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The positions of the second extension segment 143 and the inclined segment 144 are staggered in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The width direction of the first extension segment 142 is parallel to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The first extension segment 142 extends in the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110. The first extension segment 142 is inclinedly connected to the inclined segment 144. The second shift fork 152 located in the first extension segment 142 moves to the inclined segment 144.

[0077] The second extension segment 143 and the inclined segment 144 are inclinedly connected. The width direction of the second extension segment 143 is parallel to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The first extension segment 142 and the second extension segment 143 are substantially parallel. The second extension segment 143 extends in the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110. The second shift fork 152 located in the inclined segment 144 moves to the second extension segment 143. Thus, the shifting action can be achieved.

[0078] An inclined angle is formed between the inclined segment 144 and the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The width direction of the inclined segment 144 is parallel to the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The inclined segment 144 extends in the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110. The second shift fork 152 located in the first extension segment 142 moves to the second extension segment 143 through the inclined segment 144. Thus, shifting is achieved.

[0079] For example, when the second shift fork 152 is located in the second extension segment 143, the first shift fork 151 is located in the second neutral gear segment 138, and the shifting mechanism 100 is in the third gear. When the shift shaft 110 rotates, the wall of the inclined segment 144 abuts against the second guide pin 154 of the second shift fork 152, and the wall of the inclined segment 144 exerts a force on the second shift fork 152, causing the second shift fork 152 to move in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The component force exerted by the inclined segment 144 on the second shift fork 152 in the axial direction of the shift shaft 110 is the shifting force F.

[0080] The second shift fork 152 can move to the third gear position in the neutral position. The second shift fork 152 can move along the axial direction of the shift shaft 110 from the neutral position to the third gear position. The second guide pin 154 of the second shift fork 152 in the third gear position is in the second extension section 143. The second guide pin 154 of the second shift fork 152 in the neutral position is in the first extension section 142. The second shift fork 152 in the neutral position can move along the axial direction of the shift shaft 110 to the third gear position. The shift mechanism 100 is switched from the neutral gear to the third gear.

[0081] When the shift mechanism 100 downshifts, the drive member 120 rotates in reverse. For example, when the output shaft of the drive member 120 rotates clockwise, the shift shaft 110 rotates clockwise to drive the second shift fork 152 to switch from the neutral position to the third gear position, thereby completing the upshift operation. When the output shaft of the drive member 120 rotates counterclockwise, the shift shaft 110 rotates counterclockwise to drive the second shift fork 152 to switch from the third gear position to the neutral position, thereby completing the downshift operation. Of course, the output shaft of the drive member 120 can also rotate counterclockwise, and the shift shaft 110 rotates counterclockwise to drive the second shift fork 152 to switch from the neutral position to the third gear position, thereby completing the upshift operation. When the output shaft of the drive member 120 rotates clockwise, the shift shaft 110 rotates clockwise to drive the second shift fork 152 to switch from the third gear position to the neutral position, thereby completing the downshift operation.

[0082] When the first shift fork 151 is located in the first gear section 132, the second shift fork 152 is located in the first extension section 142, the first shift fork 151 is in the first gear position, and the second shift fork 152 is in the neutral position. When the first shift fork 151 is located in the second gear section 133, the second shift fork 152 is located in the first extension section 142, the first shift fork 151 is in the second gear position, and the second shift fork 152 is in the neutral position. When the first shift fork 151 is located in the second neutral section 138, the second shift fork 152 is located in the second extension section 143, the first shift fork 151 is in the neutral position, and the second shift fork 152 is in the third gear position.

[0083] When the output shaft of the drive member 120 rotates clockwise, the shift shaft 110 continuously rotates clockwise to drive the first shift fork 151 to switch from the first gear position to the neutral position, and then from the neutral position to the second gear position, and the second shift fork 152 to switch from the neutral position to the third gear position, thereby completing the upshift operation. When the drive member 120 rotates counterclockwise, the shift shaft 110 rotates counterclockwise to drive the second shift fork 152 to switch from the third gear position to the neutral position, and the first shift fork 151 to switch from the second gear position to the neutral position, and then from the neutral position to the first gear position, thereby completing the downshift operation.

[0084] Certainly, when the driving member 120 rotates counterclockwise, the shifting shaft 110 continuously rotates counterclockwise to drive the first shift fork 151 to switch from the first gear position to the neutral position, and then from the neutral position to the second gear position, and the second shift fork 152 to switch from the neutral position to the third gear position, thereby completing the upshift operation. When the driving member 120 rotates clockwise, the shifting shaft 110 rotates clockwise to drive the second shift fork 152 to switch from the third gear position to the neutral position, the first shift fork 151 to switch from the second gear position to the neutral position, and then from the neutral position to the first gear position, thereby completing the downshift operation.

[0085] It can be understood that the shifting mechanism 100 may include a greater number of shift forks and guide grooves. The greater number of shift forks may be respectively located in the respective guide grooves, and the present application does not limit the number of shift forks and guide grooves. The guide groove may further include a greater number of groove segments to implement more gear operations, such as implementing fourth gear, fifth gear or more gears.

[0086] To control the power output by the driving member 120, the shifting mechanism 100 further includes a speed reducer 170. The speed reducer 170 is connected to the driving member 120 and the shifting shaft 110. The speed reducer 170 is used to reduce the power output by the driving member 120. The power output by the driving member 120 is output after being decelerated and torque-increased by the speed reducer 170 to drive the shifting shaft 110 to rotate. The output end of the driving member 120 is in transmission connection with the input end of the speed reducer 170. The output end of the speed reducer 170 is in transmission connection with the shifting shaft 110.

[0087] As Figure 2 shown, the speed reducer 170 includes a ring gear 171 and at least one planetary gear assembly. All of the at least one planetary gear assemblies are meshed with the ring gear 171. The at least one planetary gear assemblies share a single ring gear 171. One planetary gear assembly is connected to the driving member 120. The output end of the driving member 120 is in transmission connection with the input end of the one planetary gear assembly. Another planetary gear assembly is connected to the shifting shaft 110. The output end of the another planetary gear assembly is in transmission connection with the shifting shaft 110. The axial direction of the driving member 120 is parallel to the axial direction of the shifting shaft 110. The central axis of the driving member 120 coincides with the central axis of the shifting shaft 110.

[0088] The speed reducer 170 includes a first-stage reduction gear and a second-stage reduction gear. The speed reducer 170 includes a first planetary gear assembly and a second planetary gear assembly. The first planetary gear assembly and the second planetary gear assembly are both meshed with the ring gear 171. The first planetary gear assembly is connected to the driving member 120. The second planetary gear assembly is connected to the shifting shaft 110.

[0089] Specifically, the first planetary gear assembly includes a first sun gear 121, first planet gears 172 and a first planet carrier 173. The first sun gear 121 is connected to the driving member 120. Preferably, the input shaft of the first sun gear 121 is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the driving member 120. The first planetary gear assembly includes a plurality of first planet gears 172, and the plurality of first planet gears 172 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first sun gear 121. The plurality of first planet gears 172 are all meshed with the ring gear 171. The plurality of first planet gears 172 can all rotate about the axial direction of the first sun gear 121. The rotation of the plurality of first planet gears 172 can drive the rotation of the first planet carrier 173.

[0090] The axial direction of the first planet carrier 173 is parallel to the axial direction of the first sun gear 121. Preferably, the central axis of the first planet carrier 173 coincides with the central axis of the first sun gear 121. The first planet carrier 173 rotates about the axial direction of the first planet carrier 173. Thus, the rotational speed of the driving member 120 can be reduced to achieve primary reduction.

[0091] The second planetary gear assembly includes a second sun gear 174 and second planet gears 175. The second sun gear 174 is fixed to the first planet carrier 173. Optionally, the second sun gear 174 and the first planet carrier 173 are integrally formed. The rotation of the first planet carrier 173 can drive the rotation of the second sun gear 174. The axial direction of the second sun gear 174 is parallel to the axial direction of the first planet carrier 173. Preferably, the central axis of the second sun gear 174 is parallel to the central axis of the first planet carrier 173. The second sun gear 174 can rotate about the axial direction of the first planet carrier 173. The second sun gear 174 is meshed with the second planet gears 175, and the second sun gear 174 drives the second planet gears 175 to rotate.

[0092] The second planetary gear assembly includes a plurality of second planet gears 175, and the plurality of second planet gears 175 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the second sun gear 174. The second sun gear 174 is provided with external teeth, and the external teeth of the second sun gear 174 are meshed with the teeth of the plurality of second planet gears 175. The second sun gear 174 drives the plurality of second planet gears 175 to rotate. The plurality of second planet gears 175 are all meshed with the ring gear 171. The plurality of second planet gears 175 can all rotate about the axial direction of the second sun gear 174. The rotation of the plurality of second planet gears 175 can drive the rotation of the second planet carrier 176.

[0093] The axial direction of the second planet carrier 176 is parallel to the axial direction of the second sun gear 174. Preferably, the central axis of the second planet carrier 176 coincides with the central axis of the second sun gear 174. The second planet carrier 176 rotates about the axial direction of the second planet carrier 176. The second planet carrier 176 is connected to the shift shaft 110. The second planet carrier 176 includes a shaft, and the shaft of the second planet carrier 176 can be connected to the shift shaft 110 by means of a coupling or a key connection. Thus, the rotational speed can be further reduced to achieve two-stage deceleration.

[0094] The speed reducer 170 may also include other numbers of planetary gear assemblies, such as three, five or more, to achieve three-stage deceleration, five-stage deceleration or more stages of deceleration.

[0095] As Figure 1 shown, the shifting mechanism 100 further includes a pressure monitoring device 161, and the pressure monitoring device 161 is arranged on the shift fork. Two pressure monitoring devices 161 are respectively arranged on the first shift fork 151 and the second shift fork 152. The pressure monitoring device 161 can be configured as a pressure sensing device. The pressure monitoring device monitors the magnitude of the shifting force F by detecting the extrusion force received by the shift fork during shifting.

[0096] The first shift fork 151 and / or the second shift fork 152 are arranged on the shift fork shaft 155. The extrusion force refers to: when the first shift fork 151 moves axially along the shift shaft 110 and the first shift fork 151 pushes the gears in the gearbox to shift into or out of gear, the extrusion force received by the first shift fork 151. When the second shift fork 152 moves axially along the shift shaft 110 and the second shift fork 152 pushes the gears in the gearbox to shift into or out of gear, the extrusion force received by the second shift fork 152.

[0097] In the traditional shifting mechanism, the shifting force F of the shift fork is constantly output according to the maximum capacity of the shifting mechanism. However, for different gearboxes in different gears and different working conditions, the required magnitudes of the shifting force F are different. In this way, the traditional shifting mechanism cannot accurately match the different requirements of the gearbox. When the force on the shift fork of the traditional shifting mechanism is less than the required gear-in force of the gear, the gearbox cannot shift into gear. When the force on the shift fork of the traditional shifting mechanism is too large, the shift fork is likely to overshoot the gear position and affect the service life of the shift fork.

[0098] The shifting mechanism of the present application adds a pressure monitoring device 161, which can adjust the output of the driving member 120 by feeding back the magnitude of the force to the vehicle controller, and then adjust the magnitude of the shifting force F on the shift fork, thereby improving the shifting success rate and making the shifting smoother and more reliable. When a failure occurs in the shift fork or the shifting mechanism, the basis for fault analysis can be provided by reading the record of the magnitude of the received force.

[0099] The pressure monitoring device 161 includes a first pressure monitoring device, and the first pressure monitoring device is arranged on the first shift fork 151. The first pressure monitoring device monitors the magnitude of the shifting force F by detecting the extrusion force received by the first shift fork 151 during shifting. Specifically, the first pressure monitoring device monitors the magnitude of the shifting force F by detecting the extrusion force received by the first shift fork 151 during upshifting and downshifting. The first pressure monitoring device monitors the magnitude of the shifting force F by detecting the extrusion force received by the first shift fork 151 during downshifting.

[0100] The pressure monitoring device 161 includes a second pressure monitoring device, and the second pressure monitoring device is arranged on the second shift fork 152. The second pressure monitoring device monitors the magnitude of the shifting force F by detecting the extrusion force received by the second shift fork 152 during shifting. Specifically, the second pressure monitoring device monitors the magnitude of the shifting force F by detecting the extrusion force received by the second shift fork 152 during upshifting and downshifting. The second pressure monitoring device monitors the magnitude of the shifting force F by detecting the extrusion force received by the second shift fork 152 during downshifting.

[0101] As Figure 5 shown, the pressure monitoring device 161 can also be configured as a pressure strain gauge sensor. By monitoring the deformation amount generated when the mechanical parts of the first shift fork 151 or the second shift fork 152 receive force when the shift fork pushes the gears in the gearbox to shift up or down, different signals are output, and the magnitude of the shifting force F can also be monitored in real time. At least two shift forks are both provided with the pressure monitoring device 161. During shifting, the magnitude of the shifting force F and the magnitude of the force borne by the shift fork can be monitored in real time.

[0102] The first shift fork 151 further includes a first plate 156, and the first plate 156 is provided with the pressure monitoring device 161. The first plate 156 is used to push the gears in the gearbox to shift up or down. When the first shift fork 151 pushes the gears in the gearbox to shift up or down, the deformation amount generated when the first plate 156 of the first shift fork 151 receives force, different signals are output, and the magnitude of the shifting force F can also be monitored in real time.

[0103] The second shift fork 152 further includes a second plate 157, and the second plate 157 is provided with the pressure monitoring device 161. The second plate 157 is used to push the gears in the gearbox to shift up or down. When the second shift fork 152 pushes the gears in the gearbox to shift up or down, the deformation amount generated when the second plate 157 of the second shift fork 152 receives force, different signals are output, and the magnitude of the shifting force F can also be monitored in real time.

[0104] The shift mechanism 100 further includes an angle monitoring device 162, which is arranged on the shift shaft 110. The angle monitoring device 162 is used to monitor the rotation position of the shift shaft 110 in real time, and thus monitor the currently engaged gear in real time, and feedback it to the vehicle controller to control the power output of the driving member 120. The angle monitoring device 162 and the driving member 120 are respectively located at both ends of the shift shaft 110 along the axial direction of the shift shaft 110.

[0105] According to the shift mechanism 100 of the present application, the driving member 120 can be of various models, with wide adaptability. The pressure monitoring device 161 can monitor the magnitude of the shift force F in real time, accurately match the shift output, and make the shifting more stable and reliable.

[0106] The present application also provides a transmission, which includes the above-mentioned shift mechanism 100. The shift mechanism 100 includes a shift shaft 110, a driving member 120, a guide groove and a fork. The driving member 120 can drive the shift shaft 110 to rotate around the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The guide groove is connected to the shift shaft 110 and is bent along the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 110. The guide groove includes at least two groove segments, and the positions of the at least two groove segments are offset along the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. The fork is located in the guide groove, and the guide groove rotates to drive the fork to move along the axial direction of the shift shaft 110. In this way, the bent part of the guide groove can drive the fork to be located at different positions, so that the fork can be located at different positions to achieve shifting. The shifting operation of multiple gears can be realized through one power route, with low control difficulty, reduced risks of gear skipping and gear disorder, and avoided shifting jamming or inability to shift, solving the problems of poor applicability, lack of shifting feedback ability, and the need for coordination in gear selection and shifting of the traditional shift mechanism 100.

[0107] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field of the present application. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific implementation purposes and are not intended to limit the present application. Terms such as "part" and "component" as used herein can represent both a single part and a combination of multiple parts. Terms such as "installed" and "arranged" as used herein can represent both a component being directly attached to another component and a component being attached to another component through an intermediate component. The features described in one embodiment herein can be applied to another embodiment alone or in combination with other features, unless the feature is not applicable or otherwise stated in that other embodiment.

[0108] The present application has been described by the above embodiments. However, it should be understood that the above embodiments are only for illustrative and explanatory purposes, and are not intended to limit the present application to the scope of the described embodiments. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and more variations and modifications can be made according to the teachings of the present application, and these variations and modifications all fall within the scope claimed by the present application. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalent scope.

Claims

1. A shift mechanism, characterized in that, The shift mechanism includes: A shift shaft; A driving member capable of driving the shift shaft to rotate about the axial direction of the shift shaft, the driving member including a pneumatic rotary motor, a hydraulic rotary motor, or an electric motor; A guide groove connected to the shift shaft, the guide groove being bent along the circumferential direction of the shift shaft, the guide groove including at least two groove segments, and the positions of the at least two groove segments being offset along the axial direction of the shift shaft; A shift fork located in the guide groove, and the guide groove rotates to drive the shift fork to move along the axial direction of the shift shaft; and A pressure monitoring device provided to the shift fork.

2. The shift mechanism according to claim 1, wherein, The shift mechanism includes a first guide groove, and at least two groove segments of the first guide groove include a first gear position segment, a second gear position segment, and a guide segment, and the guide segment is inclinedly communicated with both the first gear position segment and the second gear position segment.

3. The shift mechanism according to claim 2, wherein, The guide segment includes a first guide segment, a second guide segment, and a first neutral position segment, the first guide segment is inclinedly communicated with both the first gear position segment and the first neutral position segment, and the second guide segment is inclinedly communicated with both the second gear position segment and the first neutral position segment.

4. The shift mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide segment further includes a third guide segment and a second neutral position segment, the third guide segment is inclinedly communicated with both the second gear position segment and the second neutral position segment, and the second neutral position segment is communicated with the first gear position segment.

5. The shift mechanism according to claim 4, wherein, The shift mechanism further includes a second guide groove, and at least two groove segments of the second guide groove include a first extension segment, a second extension segment, and an inclined segment, and the inclined segment is inclinedly communicated with both the first extension segment and the second extension segment.

6. The shift mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Including at least two of the shift forks and at least two guide grooves, the at least two shift forks are arranged at intervals along the axial direction, the at least two shift forks are respectively located in the at least two guide grooves, and the at least two shift forks can move respectively along the axial direction.

7. The shift mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shift mechanism further includes a speed reducer connecting the driving member and the shift shaft, the speed reducer including a ring gear and at least one planetary gear assembly, the at least one planetary gear assembly meshes with the ring gear, one planetary gear assembly is connected to the driving member, and the other planetary gear assembly is connected to the shift shaft.

8. The shift mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The speed reducer includes a first planetary gear assembly and a second planetary gear assembly, and the two-stage reduction gears share a ring gear. The first planetary gear assembly includes a first planetary gear and a planetary carrier, the first planetary gear meshes with the driving member, the second planetary gear assembly includes a sun gear and a second planetary gear, the sun gear is fixed to the planetary carrier of the first planetary gear assembly, and the sun gear meshes with the second planetary gear.

9. The shift mechanism according to claim 1, wherein The shift mechanism further includes an angle monitoring device provided to the shift shaft.

10. A transmission, characterized in that, The transmission includes the shift mechanism according to any one of claims 1-9.

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