Expansion circuit and concentrator

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of integrated circuits, in particular to an expansion circuit and a hub. The circuit is characterized in that when external USB equipment is inserted into a port circuit, a control circuit detects that a voltage jump signal appears in the port circuit through a first detection circuit, and the control circuit detects a port serial number of the port circuit inserted with the external USB equipment through a second detection circuit; and the control circuit controls the data transmission circuit according to the port serial number, so that the external USB equipment is in a data transmission state. According to the circuit, a computer can accurately identify which specific port of the concentrator is connected with external equipment, so that the equipment can be directly operated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of integrated circuit technology, and further relates to an expansion circuit and a hub. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of computers, there are more and more external devices connected to computers. Therefore, a hub has become a convenient tool for expanding computer interfaces. However, when an external device is connected to a hub, although the computer can detect the connection of a new external device, it cannot accurately identify which specific port of the hub the external device is connected to, resulting in the inability to directly operate the device. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, this application provides an expansion circuit and a hub, enabling a computer to accurately identify which specific port of the hub an external device is connected to, and then directly operate the device.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an expansion circuit, including: a control circuit, multiple groups of port circuits; a voltage management circuit, the voltage management circuit being connected to the control circuit; a first detection circuit, respectively connected to the control circuit and multiple groups of the port circuits, for detecting voltage jump signals of multiple groups of the port circuits; a second detection circuit, respectively connected to the control circuit and multiple groups of the port circuits; a data transmission circuit, respectively connected to the control circuit and multiple groups of the port circuits; when an external USB device is inserted into the port circuit, the control circuit detects a voltage jump signal in the port circuit through the first detection circuit, and the control circuit detects the port number of the port circuit into which the external USB device is inserted through the second detection circuit; the control circuit controls the data transmission circuit according to the port number, so that the external USB device is in a data transmission state.

[0005] The above expansion circuit provides a microcurrent for multiple groups of port circuits through the first detection circuit. Although this microcurrent is not sufficient to enable the external device to work properly, it is sufficient to generate a voltage jump signal, thereby detecting the access of the external device. The voltage management circuit is responsible for providing the necessary working current for the connected external device to ensure its normal operation. When an external device (or a USB device) is connected, the control circuit receives the voltage jump signal and the port number, and sends this information to the computer. The computer determines the access of the external device based on this and sends an external device connection instruction. The control circuit then connects the voltage management circuit to the corresponding port to provide the working current for the external device, enabling it to enter the normal working state. In addition, the data transmission circuit allows the computer to exchange data with the external device to achieve control of the device. This circuit enables the computer to accurately identify which specific port of the hub the external device is connected to, and then directly operate the device. At the same time, it also improves the positioning efficiency of the port circuit and reduces the response delay of the computer.

[0006] In one implementation, the voltage management circuit includes: multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits, all connected to the port chips in each group of the port circuits; a switch circuit, respectively connected to the control circuit and multiple groups of the voltage management sub-circuits, for controlling the conduction or cutoff of multiple groups of the voltage management sub-circuits.

[0007] In the above expansion circuit, the second detection circuit activates the first detection circuit to provide a microcurrent to the port circuit to detect the access of the external device. Once a voltage jump signal is detected, the control circuit feeds back the port number to the computer. After the computer confirms the external device and sends an external device connection instruction, the control circuit accurately conducts the multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits corresponding to the port circuit of the connected external device through the switch circuit, while keeping the port circuits of other unconnected devices in the cutoff state, ensuring that only the connected device obtains the necessary working current, achieving efficient and accurate current management. At the same time, when multiple devices are connected to the port circuit, the switch circuit can be used to control multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits to provide the working current for the port circuit corresponding to each external device, further improving the positioning efficiency and flexibility of the port circuit.

[0008] In one implementation, the voltage management sub-circuit includes: a first resistor; a first MOS transistor, the source of the first MOS transistor is connected to each group of the port circuits, the gate of the first MOS transistor is connected to a first external power supply through the first resistor; a second MOS transistor, the drain of the second MOS transistor is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor, the gate of the second MOS transistor is connected to the switch circuit, and the source of the second MOS transistor is grounded.

[0009] In one implementation, the first detection circuit includes: multiple groups of first detection sub - circuits, all of which are connected to each group of the port circuits, and multiple groups of the first detection sub - circuits are all connected to the control circuit.

[0010] In one implementation, the first detection sub - circuit includes: a triode, the base of the triode is connected to each group of the port circuits through a second resistor, the collector of the triode is connected to the control circuit through a third resistor, and the emitter of the triode is connected to a second external power supply.

[0011] In one implementation, the data transmission circuit includes: at least one analog switch chip, the differential data positive pin and the differential data negative pin of each analog switch chip are respectively connected to the control circuit, and each analog switch chip is also connected to multiple groups of the port circuits.

[0012] In one implementation, the control circuit includes: a crystal oscillator, the input end of the crystal oscillator is connected to the single - chip microcomputer, and the output end of the crystal oscillator is grounded through a first capacitor.

[0013] In the above - mentioned expansion circuit, the crystal oscillator provides an accurate clock signal for the single - chip microcomputer, ensuring the accuracy of data synchronization and processing.

[0014] In one implementation, the port circuit includes: a port chip, which is respectively connected to the first detection circuit and the data transmission circuit, and the port chip is also connected to the second detection circuit through a third MOS transistor; the gate of the third MOS transistor is connected to the second detection circuit, the drain of the third MOS transistor is connected to the port chip, and the source of the third MOS transistor is grounded.

[0015] In one implementation, it further includes: a power supply circuit, which is respectively connected to an external power supply and the voltage management circuit.

[0016] In one implementation, the power supply circuit includes: a load switch chip, the power input end and the enable end of the load switch chip are connected to the external power supply, the power output end of the load switch is connected to the voltage management circuit; a second capacitor, one end of the second capacitor is connected to the external power supply, and the other end is grounded through a current - limiting resistor; a third capacitor, one end of the third capacitor is connected to the external power supply, and the other end is grounded.

[0017] In the above - mentioned expansion circuit, through the load switch chip, it is possible to control the connection and disconnection of the external power supply, thereby providing stable and safe power management for the circuit. The second capacitor and the third capacitor help to prevent the influence of power supply noise on the circuit performance. In addition, the setting of the current - limiting resistor helps to limit the current and protect the circuit from overload damage.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a hub, including the expansion circuit described in any of the above implementations.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. A microcurrent is provided to multiple port circuits by the first detection circuit. Although this microcurrent is not sufficient to enable the external device to operate normally, it is sufficient to generate a voltage jump signal, thereby detecting the access of the external device. The voltage management circuit is responsible for providing the necessary working current for the connected external device (or called USB device) to ensure its normal operation. When an external device is connected, the control circuit receives the voltage jump signal and the port number, and sends this information to the computer. The computer then determines the access of the external device and sends an external device connection instruction. Subsequently, the control circuit connects the voltage management circuit to the corresponding port to provide working current for the external device, enabling it to enter the normal working state. In addition, the data transmission circuit allows the computer to exchange data with the external device to achieve control of the device. This circuit enables the computer to accurately identify which specific port of the hub the external device is connected to, and then can directly operate the device. At the same time, it also improves the positioning efficiency of the port circuit and reduces the response delay of the computer.

[0021] 2. The second detection circuit activates the first detection circuit to provide a microcurrent to the port circuit to detect the access of the external device. Once a voltage jump signal is detected, the control circuit feeds back the port number to the computer. After the computer confirms the external device and sends an external device connection instruction, the control circuit accurately conducts multiple voltage management sub-circuits to the port circuit corresponding to the connected external device through the switch circuit, while keeping the port circuits of other unconnected devices in the cut-off state, ensuring that only the connected device obtains the necessary working current, achieving efficient and accurate current management. At the same time, when multiple devices are connected to the port circuit, the switch circuit can be used to control multiple voltage management sub-circuits to provide working current for the port circuit corresponding to each external device, further improving the positioning efficiency and flexibility of the port circuit.

[0022] 3. The crystal oscillator provides an accurate clock signal for the single-chip microcomputer, ensuring the accuracy of data synchronization and processing.

[0023] 4. Through the load switch chip, the connection and disconnection of the external power supply can be controlled, thereby providing stable and safe power management for the circuit. The second capacitor and the third capacitor help prevent the influence of power supply noise on the circuit performance. In addition, the setting of the current-limiting resistor helps limit the current and protects the circuit from overload damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The following will further illustrate the above characteristics, technical features, advantages and their implementation manners of the present utility model in a clear and understandable manner in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of an expansion circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 The circuit diagram of a multi-group voltage management sub-circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0027] Figure 3 The circuit diagram of a multi-group port circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0028] Figure 4 The circuit diagram of a switch circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0029] Figure 5 The circuit diagram of a multi-group first detection sub-circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0030] Figure 6 The circuit diagram of a control circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0031] Figure 7 The circuit diagram of a second detection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0032] Figure 8 The circuit diagram of a data transmission circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0033] Figure 9 The circuit diagram of a power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0034] Figure 10 The circuit diagram of an auxiliary power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. Specific embodiments

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the specific embodiments of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings and other embodiments can be obtained.

[0036] For the sake of simplicity of the drawings, only the parts related to the utility model are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, for the sake of simplicity and easy understanding of the drawings, in some figures, only one of the components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one of them is labeled. In this text, "one" not only means "only this one", but also can mean "more than one" situation.

[0037] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the description of the present application and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0038] In this text, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "install", "connect", and "couple" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0039] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined according to needs. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present utility model, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0041] A hub is a computer peripheral device that extends multiple ports through a single port, greatly enhancing the connection ability of the computer. The hub can not only support traditional external devices such as keyboards, mice, printers, and external hard drives, but also be compatible with charging devices to provide charging functions for smartphones and other portable devices.

[0042] When an external device is connected to the hub, the computer can confirm which port of the hub the external device is specifically connected to in various ways. For example, the polling method can be adopted. The computer obtains the information of all external devices on the hub expansion ports one by one, and locates the port position of the target device on the hub by comparing whether the enumerated device information is consistent with the target device information. Another example is to set an independent power switch for each port on the hub. When an external device is connected to the hub, only the independent power switch on the port corresponding to the external device needs to be turned on, and the independent power switches of other ports are kept off, so that the external device can be located by the computer.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, by setting a control circuit and multiple detection circuits, when an external device is connected to the hub, the voltage jump signal of the corresponding port is detected, and the port position where the external device is connected is determined according to the voltage jump signal, and at least one of the following beneficial effects can be achieved: The computer can accurately identify which specific port of the hub the external device is connected to, and then can directly operate the device; or the positioning efficiency is improved, and the response delay of the computer is reduced.

[0044] The following is described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0045] Refer to the attached Figure 1 figure, which shows a schematic structural diagram of an expansion circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, it includes: an expansion circuit 100, a control circuit 110, multiple groups of port circuits 120, a voltage management circuit 130, a first detection circuit 140, a second detection circuit 150, and a data transmission circuit 160. Among them, the voltage management circuit 130 is connected to the control circuit 110; the first detection circuit 140 is respectively connected to the control circuit 110 and multiple groups of port circuits 120, and is used to detect the voltage jump signal of the multiple groups of port circuits 120; the second detection circuit 150 is respectively connected to the control circuit 110 and multiple groups of port circuits 120; the data transmission circuit 160 is respectively connected to the control circuit 110 and multiple groups of port circuits 120; when an external USB device is inserted into the port circuit, the control circuit 110 detects a voltage jump signal in the port circuit through the first detection circuit 140, and the control circuit 110 detects the port number of the port circuit where the external USB device is inserted through the second detection circuit 150; the control circuit 110 controls the data transmission circuit 160 according to the port number, so that the external USB device is in a state where data can be transmitted.

[0046] The first detection circuit 140 is used to provide a microcurrent for multiple groups of port circuits 120 (the magnitude of the microcurrent can be set according to requirements. For example, the microcurrent can be less than 10 microamps). This microcurrent cannot enable an external device to operate normally, but will cause the voltage of the port circuit connected to the external device to jump, that is, the port circuit will generate a voltage jump signal. The voltage management circuit 130 is used to provide a working current for multiple groups of port circuits 120. However, when an external device is not connected to multiple groups of port circuits 120, the voltage management circuit 130 will not be connected to multiple groups of port circuits 120 either.

[0047] When an external device (or an external USB device) is connected to multiple groups of port circuits 120, the port circuit corresponding to the external device generates a voltage jump signal. The voltage jump signal will enter the control circuit 110 through the first detection circuit 140, and the second detection circuit 150 will send the port number of the port circuit corresponding to the external device to the control circuit 110. The control circuit 110 is also communicatively connected to a computer. After receiving the voltage jump signal, the control circuit 110 will send the port number of the port circuit corresponding to the external device to the computer. The computer can then determine that an external device is connected and also lock the port number corresponding to the external device. The computer can then send an external device connection instruction to the control circuit 110. According to the external device connection instruction, the control circuit 110 connects the voltage management circuit 130 to the port circuit corresponding to the external device to provide a working current for the port circuit corresponding to the external device, so that the port circuit is in a normal working state. At the same time, the port circuit corresponding to the external device can perform data transmission with the control circuit 110 through the data transmission circuit 160, and then the computer can control the external device to operate.

[0048] Similarly, when multiple external devices are simultaneously connected to multiple groups of port circuits 120, the control circuit 110 receives the port numbers and voltage jump signals of the port circuits corresponding to the multiple external devices, and when receiving the external device connection instruction sent by the computer, connects the voltage management circuit 130 to the port circuits corresponding to the multiple external devices. At the same time, the port circuits corresponding to the multiple external devices can perform data transmission with the control circuit 110 through the data transmission circuit 160.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, a micro-current is provided to multiple groups of port circuits through the first detection circuit. Although this micro-current is not sufficient to enable the external device to operate normally, it is sufficient to generate a voltage jump signal, thereby detecting the access of the external device. The voltage management circuit is responsible for providing the necessary working current for the connected external device to ensure its normal operation. When an external device is connected, the control circuit receives the voltage jump signal and the port number, and sends this information to the computer. The computer determines the access of the external device based on this and sends an external device connection instruction. The control circuit then connects the voltage management circuit to the corresponding port to provide working current for the external device, enabling it to enter the normal working state. In addition, the data transmission circuit allows the computer to exchange data with the external device to achieve control of the device. This circuit enables the computer to accurately identify which specific port of the hub the external device is connected to, and thus can directly operate the device. At the same time, it improves the positioning efficiency of the port circuit and reduces the response delay of the computer.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present application, the voltage management circuit includes: multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits, all connected to the port chips in each group of port circuits; a switch circuit, respectively connected to the control circuit and multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits, for controlling the conduction or cut-off of multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits.

[0051] When the external device is not connected to multiple groups of port circuits, the computer sends an external device listening instruction to the control circuit. After receiving the external device listening instruction, the control circuit controls multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits to be in the cut-off state through the switch circuit, so that multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits do not provide working current for multiple groups of port circuits. At the same time, the first detection circuit is controlled to provide a micro-current to multiple groups of port circuits through the second detection circuit. When the external device is connected to multiple groups of port circuits and the port circuit corresponding to the external device generates a voltage jump signal, the control circuit sends the port number of the port circuit corresponding to the external device to the computer. After the control circuit receives the external device connection instruction sent by the computer, the multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits are connected to the port circuit corresponding to the external device through the switch circuit, and at the same time, the cut-off state is maintained between the multiple groups of management sub-circuits and the port circuits where the external device is not connected, so that multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits provide working current for the port circuit corresponding to the external device.

[0052] Furthermore, since the multiple groups of management sub-circuits and the port circuits not connected to external devices are still in a cut-off state, and the first detection circuit is still providing a micro-current to the port circuits not connected to external devices. Therefore, if another external device is connected to the multiple groups of port circuits, similarly, the control circuit will also turn on the connection between the multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits and the port circuits corresponding to the newly connected external device through the switching circuit, so that the multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits can simultaneously provide working current for the port circuits corresponding to multiple external devices. At the same time, the port circuits corresponding to the external devices can perform data transmission with the control circuit through the data transmission circuit, and then the computer can control the external devices to operate.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present application, the second detection circuit activates the first detection circuit to provide a micro-current to the port circuit to detect the access of an external device. Once a voltage jump signal is detected, the control circuit will feedback the port number to the computer. After the computer confirms the external device and sends an external device connection instruction, the control circuit precisely turns on the connection between the multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits and the port circuits corresponding to the connected external device through the switching circuit, while keeping the port circuits of other unconnected devices in a cut-off state, ensuring that only the connected devices obtain the necessary working current, and achieving efficient and precise current management. At the same time, when multiple devices are connected to the port circuit, the switching circuit can be used to control the multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits to provide working current for the port circuits corresponding to each external device, further improving the positioning efficiency and flexibility of the port circuit.

[0054] Refer to the appendix Figure 2 , which shows a circuit diagram of a multiple groups of voltage management sub-circuits provided by an embodiment of the present application. The components, functions of the components, and connection methods of each group of voltage management sub-circuits are the same, only the labels of the components are different. Here, one group of voltage management sub-circuits will be described. As Figure 2 shown, it includes: a first resistor R36; a first MOS transistor Q19, the source of the first MOS transistor Q19 is connected to the port chip in each group of port circuits, the gate of the first MOS transistor Q19 is connected to the first resistor R36, and the first resistor R36 is also connected to a 7V first external power supply; a second MOS transistor Q27, the drain of the second MOS transistor Q27 is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor Q19, the gate of the second MOS transistor Q27 is connected to the decoder chip in the switching circuit, and the source of the second MOS transistor Q27 is grounded.

[0055] The source of the first MOS transistor Q19 is connected to the VCC5V_COL0 pin of the port chip USBX8 in each group of port circuits (refer to the appendix Figure 3 ), and the first MOS transistors in the remaining voltage management sub-circuits (refer to the appendix Figure 2The MOS transistors Q20 - Q26 are successively connected to the VCC5V_COL1 pin, VCC5V_COL2 pin, VCC5V_COL3 pin, VCC5V_COL4 pin, VCC5V_COL5 pin, VCC5V_COL6 pin, and VCC5V_COL7 pin of the port chip USBX8 in each group of port circuits.

[0056] The gate of the second MOS transistor Q27 is connected to the Y0# pin of the decoder chip U21 in the switching circuit (refer to the appendix Figure 4 , where # indicates that the pin outputs a reverse low voltage), and the decoder chip U21 is also connected to the single - chip microcomputer in the control circuit. The second MOS transistors in the remaining voltage management sub - circuits (refer to the appendix Figure 2 The MOS transistors Q28 - Q34) are successively connected to the Y1# pin, Y2# pin, Y3# pin, Y4# pin, Y5# pin, Y6# pin, and Y7# pin of the decoder chip U21 in the switching circuit. The decoder chip U21 in the switching circuit is also connected to the single - chip microcomputer U15 in the control circuit (refer to the appendix Figure 6 ).

[0057] When no external device is connected to the multiple groups of port circuits, the computer sends an external device listening instruction to the single - chip microcomputer U15 in the control circuit. After receiving the external device listening instruction, the single - chip microcomputer U15 controls the first MOS transistor Q19 and the second MOS transistor Q27 to be in the cut - off state through the decoder chip U21 in the switching circuit, so that current cannot enter the port chips of each group of port circuits through the first resistor R36 and the first MOS transistor Q19.

[0058] When an external device is connected to the multiple groups of port circuits and a voltage jump signal is generated in the port chip of the port circuit corresponding to the external device, the single - chip microcomputer U15 sends the port number of the port circuit corresponding to the external device to the computer. After the single - chip microcomputer U15 receives the external device connection instruction sent by the computer, it turns on the first MOS transistor Q19 and the second MOS transistor Q27 through the decoder chip U21 in the switching circuit, so that the working current can pass through the first resistor R36 and the first MOS transistor Q19 into the port chip of the port circuit corresponding to the external device. At the same time, the port circuit corresponding to the external device can perform data transmission with the control circuit through the data transmission circuit, and then the computer can control the external device to operate. In the embodiment of the present application, the way the decoder chip U21 in the switching circuit controls the conduction or cut - off of other voltage management sub - circuits is the same, and will not be elaborated here.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present application, the first detection circuit includes multiple groups of first detection sub - circuits, all of which are connected to the port chips in each group of port circuits, and the multiple groups of first detection sub - circuits are all connected to the single - chip microcomputer in the control circuit.

[0060] Reference appendix Figure 5 , which shows the circuit diagram of a multi-group first detection sub-circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application. The components, functions of the components, and connection methods of each group of first detection sub-circuits are the same, only the labels of each component are different. Here, one group of first detection sub-circuits will be described. As Figure 5 shown, it includes: a triode 3, a second resistor 1, and a third resistor R46. Among them, the base of the triode 3 is connected to the port chip in each group of port circuits through the second resistor 1, and the collector of the triode 3 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer in the control circuit through the third resistor R46.

[0061] The emitter of the triode 3 is connected to the second external power supply of 5V, and the base of the triode 3 is connected to the VCC5V_COL0 pin of the port chip USBX8 in each group of port circuits through the second resistor 1 (reference appendix Figure 3 ). The bases of the triodes 3 in the remaining first detection sub-circuits are sequentially connected to the VCC5V_COL1 pin, VCC5V_COL2 pin, VCC5V_COL3 pin, VCC5V_COL4 pin, VCC5V_COL5 pin, VCC5V_COL6 pin, and VCC5V_COL7 pin of the port chip USBX8 in each group of port circuits through the second resistor 1. The collector of the triode 3 is connected to the OC_COL0 pin of the single-chip microcomputer U15 in the control circuit through the third resistor R46 (reference appendix Figure 6 ). The collectors of the triodes 3 in the remaining first detection sub-circuits are sequentially connected to the OC_COL1 pin, OC_COL2 pin, OC_COL3 pin, OC_COL4 pin, OC_COL5 pin, OC_COL6 pin, and OC_COL7 pin of the single-chip microcomputer U15 in the control circuit through the third resistor (resistors R47 - R53 in reference appendix Figure 5 ).

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, the components, functions of the components, and connection methods of each group of port circuits are the same, only the labels of each component are different. Here, one group of port circuits will be described. Reference appendix Figure 3 , the port circuit includes: a port chip USBX8, which is respectively connected to the first detection circuit and the data transmission circuit, and the port chip is also connected to the second detection circuit through a third MOS transistor Q142; the gate of the third MOS transistor Q142 is connected to the decoder chip in the second detection circuit, the drain of the third MOS transistor Q142 is connected to the port chip USBX8, and the source of the third MOS transistor Q142 is grounded; a fourth resistor R69, one end of which is connected to the 7V power supply, and the other end is connected to the CTRL_ROW_HV pin of the port chip USBX8.

[0063] The drain of the third MOS transistor Q142 is connected to the CTRL_ROW_HV pin of the port chip USBX8, and the gate of the third MOS transistor Q142 is connected to the YO# pin of the decoder chip U24 in the second detection circuit (refer to the appendix Figure 7 ). The gates of the third MOS transistors of other port circuits are sequentially connected to the Y1# pin, Y2# pin, Y3# pin, Y4# pin, Y5# pin, Y6# pin, and Y7# pin of the decoder chip U24 in the second detection circuit. The decoder chip U24 in the second detection circuit is connected to the microcontroller U15 in the control circuit.

[0064] When the external device is not connected to multiple groups of port circuits, the computer sends an external device listening instruction to the microcontroller U15 in the control circuit. After receiving the external device listening instruction, the microcontroller U15 in the control circuit controls the triode 3 in the first detection sub-circuit to conduct through the decoder chip U24 in the second detection circuit, so that a micro-current passes through the triode 3 and the second resistor 1 and enters the port chip USBX8 in each group of port circuits. In the embodiment of the present application, the way that the decoder chip U24 in the second detection sub-circuit controls other first detection sub-circuits to provide micro-current for the port chip USBX8 in each group of port circuits is the same, and will not be elaborated here.

[0065] In an embodiment of the present application, refer to the appendix Figure 6 . The control circuit includes a microcontroller U15, a first capacitor C43, and a crystal oscillator CRYSTAL. The microcontroller U15 is connected to the differential data positive pin D+ and the differential data negative pin D- of the first analog switch chip U25 in the data transmission circuit (refer to the appendix Figure 8 . In this embodiment, at least one analog switch chip may include the first analog switch chip U25 and the second analog switch chip U27), and the microcontroller U15 is also connected to the differential data positive pin D+ and the differential data negative pin D- of the second analog switch chip U27 (refer to the appendix Figure 8 ). The first analog switch chip U25 and the second analog switch chip U27 are both connected to the port chip USBX8 in each group of port circuits. After the port circuit corresponding to the external device is provided with operating current, the port chip USBX8 of the port circuit corresponding to the external device can perform data transmission with the microcontroller U15 through the first analog switch chip U25 and the second analog switch chip U27 in the data transmission circuit, so that the computer can directly control the external device.

[0066] The input end of the crystal oscillator CRYSTAL is connected to the XI pin of the microcontroller, and the output end is grounded through the first capacitor C43.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the crystal oscillator provides an accurate clock signal for the microcontroller, ensuring the accuracy of data synchronization and processing.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present application, referring to the attached Figure 1 , it further includes a power supply circuit 170. The power supply circuit 170 is respectively connected to an external power supply and a voltage management circuit 130, and is used to supply power to the expansion circuit 100.

[0069] Referring to the attached Figure 9 , it shows a circuit diagram of a power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 9 shown, the power supply circuit includes: a load switch chip U20, the power input terminal VIN and the enable terminal EN of the load switch chip U20 are connected to an external power supply, and the power output terminal VOUT of the load switch chip U20 is connected to the voltage management circuit; a second capacitor C45, one end of the second capacitor C45 is connected to the external power supply, and the other end is grounded through a current limiting resistor R35; a third capacitor C46, one end of the third capacitor C46 is connected to the external power supply, and the other end is grounded.

[0070] Referring to the attached Figure 10 , it shows a circuit diagram of an auxiliary power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. The auxiliary power supply circuit is used to supply power to the expansion circuit when the power supply circuit works abnormally.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, through the load switch chip, the connection and disconnection of the external power supply can be controlled, so as to provide stable and safe power management for the circuit. The second capacitor and the third capacitor help to prevent the influence of power supply noise on the circuit performance. In addition, the setting of the current limiting resistor helps to limit the current and protect the circuit from overload damage.

[0072] The embodiment of the present application also provides a hub, including the expansion circuit described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0073] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined according to needs. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An expansion circuit, characterized in that, Comprising: A control circuit and multiple groups of port circuits; A voltage management circuit, the voltage management circuit being connected to the control circuit; A first detection circuit, respectively connected to the control circuit and multiple groups of the port circuits; A second detection circuit, respectively connected to the control circuit and multiple groups of the port circuits; A data transmission circuit, respectively connected to the control circuit and multiple groups of the port circuits; When an external USB device is inserted into the port circuit, the control circuit detects a voltage jump signal in the port circuit through the first detection circuit, and the control circuit detects the port number of the port circuit into which the external USB device is inserted through the second detection circuit; The control circuit controls the data transmission circuit according to the port number, so that the external USB device is in a data transmissible state.

2. The extended circuit according to claim 1, wherein The voltage management circuit includes: Multiple groups of voltage management sub - circuits, all connected to the port chips in each group of the port circuits; A switch circuit, respectively connected to the control circuit and multiple groups of the voltage management sub - circuits, for controlling the conduction or cut - off of multiple groups of the voltage management sub - circuits.

3. The extended circuit according to claim 2, wherein The voltage management sub - circuit includes: A first resistor; A first MOS transistor, the source of the first MOS transistor being connected to each group of the port circuits, and the gate of the first MOS transistor being connected to a first external power supply through the first resistor; A second MOS transistor, the drain of the second MOS transistor being connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor, the gate of the second MOS transistor being connected to the switch circuit, and the source of the second MOS transistor being grounded.

4. The extended circuit according to claim 1, wherein The first detection circuit includes: Multiple groups of first detection sub - circuits, all connected to each group of the port circuits and all connected to the control circuit.

5. The extended circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first detection sub - circuit includes: A triode, the base of the triode being connected to each group of the port circuits through a second resistor, the collector of the triode being connected to the control circuit through a third resistor, and the emitter of the triode being connected to a second external power supply.

6. The extended circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The data transmission circuit includes: At least one analog switch chip, the differential data positive pin and differential data negative pin of each analog switch chip being respectively connected to the control circuit, and each analog switch chip also being connected to multiple groups of the port circuits.

7. The extended circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The port circuit includes: A port chip, respectively connected to the first detection circuit and the data transmission circuit, and the port chip is also connected to the second detection circuit through a third MOS transistor; The gate of the third MOS transistor is connected to the second detection circuit, the drain of the third MOS transistor is connected to the port chip, and the source of the third MOS transistor is grounded.

8. The extended circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It further includes: A power supply circuit, respectively connected to an external power supply and the voltage management circuit.

9. The extended circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The power supply circuit includes: A load switch chip, the power input terminal and enable terminal of the load switch chip being connected to the external power supply, and the power output terminal of the load switch being connected to the voltage management circuit; A second capacitor, one end of the second capacitor being connected to the external power supply, and the other end being grounded through a current - limiting resistor; A third capacitor, one end of the third capacitor being connected to the external power supply, and the other end being grounded.

10. A hub, characterized in that, Including the extended circuit according to any one of claims 1-9.

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