Civil air defense, poison filtration and ventilation system built through coal mine narrow roadway

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of civil air defense engineering, and discloses a civil air defense poison filtering and ventilating system built by using a coal mine narrow roadway, which comprises one or more civil air defense poison filtering and ventilating system single bodies connected in series, and each civil air defense poison filtering and ventilating system single body comprises two cement bases fixed on the surface of the inner wall of the roadway in a sealed mode. A steel framework is fixed between the two cement bases, a poison filtering and ventilating device is fixed to the steel framework in a sealed mode, the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the poison filtering and ventilating device are each provided with a channel in the same direction as a roadway, and a vertical blocking plate is fixed to the position, located on the side face of the poison filtering and ventilating device, of the steel framework through the steel framework. A protective air-tight door and an oil screen dust filter are embedded in the plugging plate in a sealed mode and right opposite to the inlet of the channel, a protective air-tight door is embedded in the plugging plate in a sealed mode and right opposite to the outlet of the channel, and a butt joint flange is arranged on the plugging plate. The system is high in protection level, long in protection time and small in ventilation resistance, and does not need to occupy extra space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of civil air defense engineering, in particular to a civil air defense filter ventilation system, and specifically to a civil air defense filter ventilation system built by using a narrow coal mine roadway. Background Technique

[0002] Modern civil air defense projects are mostly constructed in combination with underground commercial spaces, such as subways, underground shopping malls, underground passages, etc. Such civil air defense projects combined with underground spaces generally have the following disadvantages:

[0003] 1. The resistance level is relatively low, generally a shelter for secondary personnel and a supply depot;

[0004] 2. The protection time is short. After failure, professional personnel are required to replace the spare purification device in time. If there is no professional operation or the replacement is not timely, the project will face the risk of being poisoned;

[0005] 3. The air volume is small and cannot meet the ventilation requirement of more than 100,000 cubic meters per hour;

[0006] 4. Special installation sites need to be reserved, such as a filter poison room and a dust filter room, with low space utilization rate;

[0007] 5. For normal ventilation and wartime ventilation, and for wartime clean ventilation and wartime filter ventilation, pipeline switching is required. Content of the Utility Model

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a civil air defense filter ventilation system built by using a narrow coal mine roadway.

[0009] The utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

[0010] A civil air defense filter ventilation system built by using a narrow coal mine roadway includes one or more series-connected civil air defense filter ventilation system units. Each civil air defense filter ventilation system unit includes two cement bases hermetically fixed on the inner wall surface of the roadway. A steel structure is fixed between the two cement bases. A filter ventilation device is hermetically fixed on the steel structure. Channels with the same direction as the roadway are left at the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the filter ventilation device respectively. Vertical blocking plates are fixed on the steel structure at both ends of the filter ventilation device through the steel structure. A protective airtight door and an oil mesh dust filter are hermetically embedded at the position on the blocking plate facing the channel entrance. A protective airtight door is hermetically embedded at the position on the blocking plate facing the channel exit. A butt flange is provided on the blocking plate.

[0011] During implementation, it includes a human air defense gas filter ventilation system unit, which includes two cement bases sealed and fixed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel. The cement bases are piled on the inner wall surface of the tunnel as the installation base for construction. A steel frame is fixed between the two cement bases. The cement base and the steel frame are the bases for the installation and fixing of the human air defense gas filter ventilation system, which avoids drilling, drilling holes, hoisting and other operations directly on the inner wall of the coal mine tunnel to damage the geological structure of the tunnel and increase the risk of landslides. The steel frame is arranged along the direction of the lane and is used for the installation and fixation of the gas filtering and ventilation device. The gas filtering and ventilation device is sealed and fixed on the steel frame. Specifically, the gap between the gas filtering and ventilation device and the steel frame is filled with a sealing baffle to fill the gap between the gas filtering and ventilation device and the steel frame to improve the sealing performance; the gas filtering and ventilation device is located in the middle of the lane, and the air inlet and air outlet ends of the gas filtering and ventilation device are respectively provided with channels in the same direction as the lane, the air inlet end of the gas filtering and ventilation device faces the channel where the oil net dust filter is installed at the entrance, and the air outlet end of the gas filtering and ventilation device faces the channel where the protective closed doors are installed at the entrance and exit;

[0012] A vertical blocking plate is fixed on the side of the gas filtering ventilation device on the steel frame through the steel frame, that is, a vertical blocking plate is fixed in the gap between the side of the gas filtering ventilation device and the steel frame, the blocking plate is sealed to the edge of the entrance and exit ends of the passage, and a protective airtight door and an oil mesh dust filter are sealed and embedded on the blocking plate opposite the entrance of the passage, that is, two passages with the same direction as the lane, one of which has protective airtight doors installed at both the entrance and exit ends, the other has a protective airtight door installed at the exit end, and an oil mesh dust filter installed at the entrance end, both of which adopt existing technologies, wherein the oil mesh dust filter adopts a door-type structure, which is opened and closed by closing The ventilation mode is switched on and off. When closed, large particles of dust and impurities are filtered out. When opened, air passes directly through. A protective airtight door is sealed and embedded on the sealing plate opposite to the channel outlet. The gap between the protective airtight door, the oil net dust filter and the steel frame is sealed with a sealing plate. A docking flange is provided on the sealing plate. The docking flange is located at a position where a pipeline passes through, and is used to install pipelines and cables to ensure the sealing between the pipeline and the sealing plate. An internal circulation purification device is provided in the external space at the channel outlet end in the alley. Existing technology is used to circulate and purify the air passing through the human air defense gas filter ventilation system unit, and is used to purify a small amount of low-concentration pollutants that leak when the purification system switches modes.

[0013] Furthermore, the gas filtering and ventilation device includes several groups of parallel gas filtering and ventilation units. The air inlet end of the gas filtering and ventilation unit is provided with a closed valve, and the air outlet end is provided with an explosion-proof fan to provide air circulation power, so as to avoid increasing the burden on the total ventilation system of the coal mine during gas filtering and ventilation, and to avoid affecting the balance of ventilation volume in various tunnels of the coal mine due to the increase of ventilation resistance in the tunnels where the artificial air defense gas filtering and ventilation system is installed; a purification module is installed between the closed valve and the explosion-proof fan.

[0014] In natural ventilation, the oil mesh dust filter and the airtight blast door are all opened for personnel access and ventilation. Personnel and ventilation take place in the passage without protection, that is, the airtight valve of the gas filtration ventilation device is closed and there is no air convection.

[0015] In the clean ventilation mode, for a passage with airtight blast doors at both the inlet and outlet ends, the airtight blast doors at both ends are closed; for a passage with an oil mesh dust filter installed, the airtight blast door at the outlet end is opened; the oil mesh dust filter at the inlet end is closed for filtration. The oil mesh dust filter plays a role in filtration for clean ventilation. After the air enters the roadway, it is filtered by the oil mesh dust filter to remove large particles of dust and impurities, and then sent out through the airtight blast door at the outlet end of this side passage.

[0016] In the gas filtration ventilation mode, that is, the airtight blast door at the inlet end of the passage is closed, the oil mesh dust filter is closed for filtration, the airtight blast door at the outlet end of the passage with the oil mesh dust filter installed is closed, and the airtight blast door at the outlet end of the other passage is opened; the oil mesh dust filter is closed for filtration to filter large particles of dust and impurities. The filtered air enters the passage, is purified of pollutants by the gas filtration ventilation device, enters the other passage, and the clean air is sent out through the opened airtight blast door at the outlet end of this passage.

[0017] As another method, during implementation, it includes multiple series-connected single units of civil air defense gas filtration ventilation systems. The single unit of the civil air defense gas filtration ventilation system is the same as when used alone. The inlet and outlet ends of the gas filtration ventilation devices of two adjacent single units of the civil air defense gas filtration ventilation systems are installed in opposite directions; the oil mesh dust filters in two adjacent single units of the civil air defense gas filtration ventilation systems are installed in a staggered manner; there is a gap between the two single units of the civil air defense gas filtration ventilation systems, and an internal circulation purification device is installed at the gap.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present utility model provides a civil air defense gas filtration ventilation system built using a narrow coal mine roadway. It cleverly utilizes the geological characteristics in the narrow coal mine roadway to improve the resistance level, enabling it to resist stronger impact forces. Multiple systems can be used in combination, and it can quickly switch to the standby system function after one of the systems fails, extending the protection time; the gas filtration ventilation devices are installed in parallel, enabling more gas filtration ventilation devices to be installed in the same installation space, increasing the air volume of gas filtration ventilation, achieving gas filtration ventilation with an air volume of more than 100,000 cubic meters per hour, and improving the space utilization rate.

[0020] This system is installed using the existing coal mine roadway. It is installed usually without occupying extra space, without affecting the normal passage and ventilation of personnel, and can quickly switch the ventilation mode during wartime. It can utilize the existing ventilation system of the coal mine for ventilation. Moreover, this system has a small ventilation resistance, does not increase the burden on the total ventilation system of the coal mine, and does not affect the air volume balance in the narrow roadway.

[0021] This system does not change the original geological structure and does not perform operations such as drilling holes, chiseling holes, and hoisting on the inner wall of the coal mine roadway, thus avoiding the risk of collapse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It shows the schematic structural diagram of this system.

[0023] Figure 2 It shows the schematic structural diagram of the exit direction of this system.

[0024] Figure 3 It shows the schematic structural diagram of the inlet direction of this system.

[0025] Figure 4 It shows the schematic structural diagram of the single filter poison ventilation unit.

[0026] Figure 5 It shows the usage state diagram of this system during natural ventilation in Embodiment 1.

[0027] Figure 6 It shows the usage state diagram of this system in the single - system clean ventilation mode in Embodiment 1.

[0028] Figure 7 It shows the usage state diagram of this system in the single - system filter poison ventilation mode in Embodiment 1.

[0029] Figure 8 It shows the usage state diagram of this system in the double - system clean ventilation mode in Embodiment 2.

[0030] Figure 9 It shows the usage state diagram of this system in the double - system pre - filter poison and post - clean ventilation mode in Embodiment 2.

[0031] Figure 10 It shows the usage state diagram of this system in the double - system filter poison ventilation mode in Embodiment 2.

[0032] In the figure: 1 - roadway, 2 - cement base, 3 - protective airtight door, 4 - docking flange, 5 - plugging plate, 6 - steel structure, 7 - filter poison ventilation device, 8 - oil - mesh dust filter, 9 - airtight valve, 10 - purification module, 11 - explosion - proof fan, 12 - internal circulation purification device, 13 - sealing baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiment 1

[0034] A method for building a civil air defense filter poison ventilation system using a narrow coal mine roadway, as Figures 1 to 4As shown: it includes a human air defense gas filtering and ventilation system unit, which includes two cement bases 2 sealed and fixed on the inner wall surface of the tunnel 1, as a construction installation base, a steel frame 6 is fixed between the two cement bases 2, and the steel frame 6 is arranged along the inner surface of the tunnel and fixed on the cement base, which is used for the installation and fixation of the gas filtering and ventilation device 7 to avoid drilling, drilling holes, and hoisting on the inner wall of the coal mine tunnel to increase the risk of landslides. A gas filtering and ventilation device 7 is sealed and fixed on the steel frame 6. Specifically, a sealing baffle 13 is filled in the gap between the gas filtering and ventilation device 7 and the steel frame 6 to fill the gap between the gas filtering and ventilation device and the steel frame 6 to improve the sealing performance; the gas filtering and ventilation device 7 is located in the middle of the lane 1, and the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the gas filtering and ventilation device 7 are respectively provided with channels in the same direction as the lane 1, and the two channels are respectively connected to the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the gas filtering and ventilation device 7, and the air inlet end of the gas filtering and ventilation device 7 is provided with a channel for installing an oil net dust filter 8 toward the inlet, and the air outlet end of the gas filtering and ventilation device 7 is provided with a channel for installing protective closed doors 3 toward the inlet and the outlet;

[0035] A vertical blocking plate 5 is fixed on the side of the gas filtering and ventilation device 7 on the steel frame 6 through the steel frame 6. The blocking plate 5 is sealed and fitted with the edge of the entrance and exit of the passage. A protective airtight door 3 and an oil mesh dust filter 8 are sealed and embedded on the blocking plate 5 facing the entrance of the passage, that is, two passages with the same direction as the lane 1, one of which is equipped with a protective airtight door 3 at both the entrance and exit ends, and the other is equipped with a protective airtight door 3 at the exit end and an oil mesh dust filter 8 at the entrance end. The protective airtight door 3 and the oil mesh dust filter 8 are both made of existing technology, wherein the oil mesh The dust filter adopts a door structure, and the ventilation mode is switched by closing and opening. When closed, large particles of dust and impurities are filtered, and air passes directly when opened. A protective sealed door 3 is sealed and embedded on the sealing plate 5 opposite to the channel outlet; a docking flange 4 is provided on the sealing plate 5 for sealing the pipes and cables with the sealing plate 5; an internal circulation purification device 12 is provided in the external space at the channel outlet end of the alley 1, which adopts the existing technology to circulate and purify the air passing through the human air defense filter ventilation system unit, and is used to purify a small amount of low-concentration pollutants leaked when the purification system switches modes.

[0036] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown: the gas filtering and ventilation device 7 includes several groups of parallel gas filtering and ventilation units, the air inlet end of the gas filtering and ventilation unit is provided with a closed valve 9, and the air outlet end is provided with an explosion-proof fan 11, which provides airflow circulation power to avoid increasing the burden on the total ventilation system of the coal mine during gas filtering and ventilation, and to avoid affecting the balance of ventilation volume in each lane of the coal mine due to the increase in ventilation resistance of the lane where the artificial gas filtering and ventilation system is installed; a purification module 10 is installed between the closed valve 9 and the explosion-proof fan 11 for filtering and purifying pollutants.

[0037] During natural ventilation, Figure 5As shown: The oil mesh dust filter and the airtight door are all opened for personnel access and ventilation. Personnel and ventilation take place in the passageway without protection, that is, the airtight valve of the gas filtration and ventilation device is closed and there is no air convection.

[0038] As Figure 6 shown: For the cleaning ventilation mode, the passageways at both the entrance and exit ends are airtight doors 3, and the airtight doors at both ends are closed; for the passageway with the oil mesh dust filter 8 installed, the airtight door at the exit end is opened; the oil mesh dust filter 8 at the entrance end is closed for filtration. The oil mesh dust filter 8 plays a filtering role for cleaning ventilation. After the air enters the roadway 1 and is filtered by the oil mesh dust filter 8 to remove large particles of dust and impurities, it is sent out through the airtight door at the exit end of this side passageway.

[0039] As Figure 7 shown: For the gas filtration and ventilation mode, that is, the airtight door 3 at the entrance end of the passageway is closed, the oil mesh dust filter 8 is closed for filtration, the airtight door 3 at the exit end of the passageway with the oil mesh dust filter 8 installed is closed, and the airtight door 3 at the exit end of the other passageway is opened; the oil mesh dust filter 8 is closed for filtration to filter large particles of dust and impurities. The filtered air enters the passageway, is purified of pollutants by the gas filtration and ventilation device 7, enters the other passageway, and the clean air is sent out through the opened airtight door at the exit end of this passageway. Embodiment 2

[0040] A gas filtration and ventilation system for civil air defense is built using narrow coal mine roadways. Coal mine roadways are usually several kilometers or even more than ten kilometers long, which can meet the space requirements for series installation of multiple single units of the gas filtration and ventilation system for civil air defense. The series connection of multiple single units of the gas filtration and ventilation system for civil air defense can increase the protection time and meet the long-term shelter needs of personnel. The structure of a single unit of the gas filtration and ventilation system for civil air defense is the same as when used alone. The inlet and outlet ends of the gas filtration and ventilation devices 7 of two adjacent single units of the gas filtration and ventilation system for civil air defense are installed in opposite directions; the oil mesh dust filters 8 in two adjacent single units of the gas filtration and ventilation system for civil air defense are installed in a staggered manner; there is a gap between two adjacent single units of the gas filtration and ventilation system for civil air defense, and an internal circulation purification device 12 is provided at the gap for purifying a small amount of low-concentration pollutants leaked when the system switches modes.

[0041] In this embodiment, two series-connected single units of the gas filtration and ventilation system for civil air defense are taken as an example. As Figures 8 to 10 shown:

[0042] As Figure 8 shown: In the cleaning ventilation mode of the dual system, for the single unit of the gas filtration and ventilation system for civil air defense at the front end of the roadway 1, the air is cleaned and ventilated from the passageway, and for the single unit of the gas filtration and ventilation system for civil air defense at the rear end of the roadway 1, the air is cleaned and ventilated from the passageway, that is, the two layers of oil mesh dust filters 8 filter successively to improve the cleaning and filtering effect.

[0043] As Figure 9As shown in the figure: In the double-system pre-filtering and post-cleaning ventilation mode, the individual civil air defense filter and ventilation system at the front end of roadway 1 first switches to the filter and ventilation mode, while the individual civil air defense filter and ventilation system at the rear end of roadway 1 remains in the clean ventilation mode. That is, filtering and ventilation are carried out first, and then filtration is carried out.

[0044] As Figure 10 As shown in the figure: In the double-system filter and ventilation mode, when the filter and ventilation device 6 in the individual civil air defense filter and ventilation system at the front end fails, the individual civil air defense filter and ventilation system at the rear end of roadway 1 is enabled and switched to the filter and ventilation mode, which can effectively extend the protection and filtration time.

[0045] The scope of protection claimed by the present utility model is not limited to the above specific embodiments. Moreover, for those skilled in the art, the present utility model can have various deformations and modifications. Any modification, improvement, and equivalent replacement made within the concept and principle of the present utility model should be included in the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A method for building a civil air defense filter poison ventilation system using narrow coal mine roadways, characterized in that: It includes one or more series-connected civil air defense gas filtration and ventilation system units. Each civil air defense gas filtration and ventilation system unit includes two cement bases (2) hermetically fixed on the inner wall surface of the roadway (1). A steel structure (6) is fixed between the two cement bases (2). A gas filtration and ventilation device (7) is hermetically fixed on the steel structure (6). Channels having the same direction as the roadway (1) are respectively left at the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the gas filtration and ventilation device (7). A vertical blocking plate (5) is fixed on the steel structure (6) at the side of the gas filtration and ventilation device (7) through the steel structure (6). A protective airtight door (3) and an oil mesh filter (8) are hermetically embedded on the blocking plate (5) opposite to the channel entrance. A protective airtight door (3) is hermetically embedded on the blocking plate (5) opposite to the channel exit. A butt flange (4) is provided on the blocking plate (5).

2. The air defense filter and ventilation system built using a narrow coal mine roadway according to claim 1, wherein: The gas filtration and ventilation device (7) includes several groups of juxtaposed gas filtration and ventilation single machines. A shut-off valve (9) is provided at the air inlet end of the gas filtration and ventilation single machine, and an explosion-proof fan (11) is provided at the air outlet end. A purification module (10) is installed between the shut-off valve (9) and the explosion-proof fan (11).

3. A method for building a civil air defense filter and ventilation system using narrow coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the gas filtration and ventilation device (7) and the steel structure (6) is filled with a sealing baffle (13).

4. A method for building a civil air defense gas filtration ventilation system using narrow coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: An internal circulation purification device (12) is provided in the external space at the channel outlet end in the roadway (1).

5. A method for building a civil air defense filter and ventilation system using narrow coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet end of the gas filtration and ventilation device (7) faces the channel where the oil mesh filter is installed at the entrance. The air outlet end of the gas filtration and ventilation device (7) faces the channels where protective airtight doors are installed at both the entrance and the exit.

6. A method for building a civil air defense filter poison ventilation system using narrow coal mine roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes multiple series-connected civil air defense gas filtration and ventilation system units. The air inlet ends and the air outlet ends of the gas filtration and ventilation devices (7) of adjacent civil air defense gas filtration and ventilation system units are installed in opposite directions.

7. A method for constructing a civil air defense filter and ventilation system using a narrow coal mine roadway according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil mesh filters (8) in adjacent civil air defense gas filtration and ventilation system units are installed in a staggered manner.

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