Novel multifunctional grain processing system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel multifunctional grain processing system. Comprising a first PVT assembly, a second PVT assembly, a compressor, a drying box, a first evaporator, a cold storage box, a second evaporator, a first fan, a second fan, a third fan, a four-way reversing valve, an electronic expansion valve, a storage battery, an inverter, standby refrigeration equipment, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve and a third electromagnetic valve. The PVT photovoltaic assembly and the air source heat pump are innovatively combined with the granary, electric energy and heat energy collected by the PVT assembly are fully utilized through reasonable structural design, self-sufficiency of energy of the whole system is achieved on the premise that multiple functions needed by grain processing are completed, and the energy utilization rate of the whole system is improved. In addition, electric quantity and cold quantity produced by the system can be stored through certain equipment and used when needed, solar energy resources can be utilized to the maximum extent to achieve the self-maintenance operation state of the whole system, and the four functions of drying, cold supply, cold storage and power generation can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a new type of multifunctional grain processing system, in particular to a multifunctional grain processing system based on solar energy and air source heat pump, belonging to the technical field of grain storage. Background Technique

[0002] With the acceleration of China's agricultural modernization process and the growth of the population, the demand for grain is increasing continuously, and the pressure on grain storage and circulation is also growing. In order to achieve and maintain the low-temperature environment in the granary, there is a large amount of energy consumption in the post-harvest storage link of grain.

[0003] Low-temperature grain storage is an effective way to improve the quality of stored grain and ensure the safety of stored grain. However, the currently commonly used low-temperature grain storage technologies in granaries and their supporting refrigeration equipment generally have high energy consumption, resulting in poor actual application effects of low-temperature grain storage and hindering the popularization of low-temperature grain storage technologies. The new type of grain processing system combined with solar energy is one of the promising ways to achieve efficient low-temperature grain storage.

[0004] Chinese Patent CN206866103U discloses a low-temperature granary with a photovoltaic power generation panel. In addition to having the four walls of an ordinary granary, the doors, windows and ventilation openings on the walls, the floor and the roof, different from an ordinary granary, it has a photovoltaic power generation system and an intelligent refrigeration system; the photovoltaic power generation system consists of solar panels, a photovoltaic busbar box, a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, a grid-connected distribution box, and a forward and reverse electricity meter. The solar panels are arranged obliquely on the roof of the granary. The solar panels are connected in series in sequence through wires and connected to the photovoltaic busbar box, and then connected to the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, grid-connected distribution box and the output end of the forward and reverse electricity meter installed on the outer wall of one side of the granary, and connected to the power grid to supply power to the power grid; the intelligent refrigeration system consists of a forward and reverse electricity meter, a constant temperature air conditioner and a temperature controller. The input end of the forward and reverse electricity meter is connected to the commercial power through a wire, and the other end is connected to the constant temperature air conditioner; the constant temperature air conditioner is a split-type variable frequency air conditioner, which has an outdoor unit and an indoor unit. Its outdoor unit is installed on the roof or outer wall of the granary, and the indoor unit is installed on the inner wall of the granary; the temperature controller is installed inside the indoor unit and is connected to the air conditioner frequency converter through a wire. The temperature controller in this patent is installed under the casing of the indoor unit, which is convenient for manual operation. The operator adjusts and controls the constant temperature value of the air conditioner according to the quantity of stored grain in the granary and the season, thereby reducing the cost of storing grain.

[0005] In order to meet the needs of food security and energy conservation and emission reduction, the Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to encourage and support the development of efficient and energy-saving granaries. For example, in the "Action Plan for Improving Green Grain Storage" released in 2021, it is clearly proposed to renovate and build a batch of high-standard granaries to strengthen the key performance of granaries such as airtightness and thermal insulation. The country has also introduced a series of financial subsidy policies and technical standards to provide strong support for the development of efficient and energy-saving granaries. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a new multifunctional grain processing system, which combines solar PVT and air source heat pump technology to realize the functions of drying grain before entering the warehouse, cooling grain after entering the warehouse, storing cold and electricity, etc., so as to meet the use requirements of grain warehouses in different conditions.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problems are as follows:

[0008] A novel multifunctional grain processing system comprises a first PVT component, a second PVT component, a compressor, a drying box, a first evaporator, a cold storage box, a second evaporator, a first fan, a second fan, a third fan, a four-way reversing valve, an electronic expansion valve, a battery, an inverter, a standby refrigeration device, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve and a third solenoid valve; wherein: the first PVT component, the second PVT component, the battery, the inverter and the standby refrigeration device constitute a daytime power generation branch; the compressor, the four-way reversing valve, the drying box, the first fan, the first solenoid valve, the electronic expansion valve, the first PVT component and the second PVT component constitute a daytime drying branch; the compressor, the first PVT component, the second PVT component, the electronic expansion valve, the second solenoid valve, the first evaporator, the second fan, the third solenoid valve, the cold storage box, the second evaporator, the third fan and the four-way reversing valve constitute a nighttime refrigeration branch.

[0009] Furthermore, in the daytime power generation branch, the first PVT component or the second PVT component is connected to the battery through a circuit respectively, for storing solar energy absorbed by PVT; the battery is connected to the inverter through a circuit, for converting solar energy into electrical energy; the inverter is connected to the backup refrigeration equipment through a circuit, for transmitting the converted electrical energy; the first PVT component and the second PVT component are in parallel structure.

[0010] Further, in the daytime drying branch, the compressor is connected to the drying box through a pipeline and is used to compress the refrigerant to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas; the drying box is connected to the electronic expansion valve through a pipeline and is used to cool the gas generated by the compressor; the electronic expansion valve is connected to the first PVT assembly or the second PVT assembly through a pipeline and is used to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant in the pipeline; the first PVT assembly or the second PVT assembly is connected to the compressor through a pipeline and is used to evaporate the refrigerant in the pipeline.

[0011] Further, in the nighttime refrigeration branch, the compressor is connected to the first PVT assembly or the second PVT assembly through a pipeline and is used to compress the refrigerant to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas; the electronic expansion valve is connected to the first PVT assembly or the second PVT assembly through a pipeline and is used to cool the refrigerant in the pipeline; the electronic expansion valve is connected to the first evaporator through a pipeline and is used to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant in the pipeline; the first evaporator is connected to the compressor through a pipeline and is used to heat and evaporate the refrigerant in the pipeline into gas; the electronic expansion valve is connected to the cold storage tank through a pipeline and is used to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant in the pipeline; the cold storage tank is connected to the second evaporator through a pipeline and is used to store cold; the second evaporator is connected to the compressor through a pipeline and is used to heat and evaporate the refrigerant in the pipeline into gas.

[0012] The basic principle of the present utility model is as follows:

[0013] The present utility model includes a PVT assembly and conventional air source heat pump system components (evaporator, condenser, compressor, electronic expansion valve, etc.) as well as a cold storage tank and a fan, etc. The operation of the present utility model is mainly divided into the following scenarios: First, in the daytime, the evaporator part of the air source heat pump is combined with the PVT assembly. On the one hand, it can reduce the temperature of the PVT solar panel and improve its working efficiency; on the other hand, it can upgrade the low-grade heat energy formed by the PVT assembly absorbing solar energy through the heat pump and use it for grain drying. At the same time, the PVT photovoltaic panel absorbs solar energy and converts it into electric energy, which can be used for the operation of the compressor, the fan and additional supporting refrigeration equipment. Second, in the nighttime, the present utility model uses a four-way reversing valve to interchange the functions of the evaporator and the condenser in the daytime. The refrigerant processed by the compressor first passes through the PVT assembly, releases heat through sky radiation, and then enters the cold storage device through the expansion valve for refrigeration. The stored cold can be used for cooling the grain and the granary when needed.

[0014] The present utility model can realize functions such as grain drying, cold supply for grain storage, cold storage and power storage through operation adjustment, perfectly meeting the various energy requirements of low-temperature granaries.

[0015] For different requirements, the utility model can realize three modes: cooling, grain drying, and power generation.

[0016] ① Condition 1: Power generation mode (daytime): The photovoltaic panel absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy for the operation of the compressor, fan, and other refrigeration equipment.

[0017] ② Condition 2: Drying mode (daytime): The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor exits from the exhaust port of the compressor, passes through the four-way reversing valve, and then enters the drying box. In the drying box, the heat is converted for drying grains. Then, it passes through the first solenoid valve and the electronic expansion valve and enters the PVT module to absorb heat, improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy of the PVT module.

[0018] ③ Condition 3: Cooling mode (nighttime): The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor exits from the exhaust port of the compressor, passes through the four-way reversing valve, and then enters the PVT module. In the PVT module, it radiates heat to the sky. Then, it passes through the electronic expansion valve and the solenoid valve and enters the cold storage device to absorb heat to achieve the refrigeration purpose.

[0019] The positive and beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0020] 1. Aiming at the energy demand problem faced by grain storage in granaries, the utility model innovatively combines the PVT photovoltaic module and the air source heat pump with the granary. Through reasonable structural design, it fully utilizes the electrical energy and heat energy collected by the PVT module. On the premise of completing various functions required for grain processing, it realizes the self-sufficiency of the energy of the whole system. Moreover, the electricity and cold produced by the system can be stored through certain equipment and used when needed, maximizing the utilization of solar energy resources to achieve the self-sustaining operation state of the whole system.

[0021] 2. The utility model can realize four functions: drying, cooling, cold storage, and power generation. During the day, the PVT module absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy, which can be used for the operation of the compressor, fan, etc. At the same time, the evaporator part of the air source heat pump absorbs the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel in the PVT module, reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic panel. While improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, it enhances the low-grade heat energy collected by the PVT module and releases heat in the drying box to dry grains. At night, the air source heat pump uses the function of the four-way reversing valve to change the evaporator and condenser. The refrigerant absorbs heat in the cold storage device to complete refrigeration, and the cold is stored in the cold storage device and can provide cold for cooling the granary when needed.

[0022] 3. The utility model can realize multi-condition regulation under different scenarios. According to the different requirements of the granary, the relationship between various devices is adjusted through day-night conversion to achieve flexible switching between various working conditions; the distribution between cooling supply and cold storage is realized by adjusting the on-off of each valve between the refrigeration system and the cold storage system, improving the application flexibility of the system and meeting the usage requirements of the granary in different scenarios.

[0023] 4. According to the refrigeration and grain drying requirements of the granary, fully considering the relatively rich roof resources of the granary itself, an air source heat pump system mainly powered by solar energy is reasonably selected, which can make the most of renewable resources and realize different processing requirements for grains. Through appropriate system capacity ratio, the self-operation of the system is realized, greatly reducing the system operation cost, which is very much in line with the user requirements of low-temperature grain storage.

[0024] 5. The utility model is energy-saving, environment-friendly, natural and harmonious. Under the call of the country for energy conservation and emission reduction and in line with the current development direction of the air-conditioning refrigeration industry, the utility model makes the most of solar PVT for power generation and heat production to help the country achieve the goals of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality".

[0025] 6. The utility model is applicable to grain drying in the granary and cold storage supply for low-temperature grain storage. The functions it possesses highly match the energy requirements during grain processing and storage in the granary. It can not only provide the required heat for grain drying but also provide the required cold for low-temperature grain storage, and is very suitable for use in the granary. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 is a connection schematic diagram of each component in the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0029] See Figure 1 and Figure 2, a new type of multi-functional grain processing system, comprising a first PVT component 1, a second PVT component 2, a compressor 3, a drying box 4, a first evaporator 5, a cold storage box 6, a second evaporator 7, a first fan 8, a second fan 9, a third fan 10, a four-way reversing valve 11, an electronic expansion valve 12, a storage battery 13, an inverter 14, a standby refrigeration device 15, a first solenoid valve 16, a second solenoid valve 17 and a third solenoid valve 18; wherein: the first PVT component 1, the second PVT component 2, the storage battery 13, the inverter 14 and the standby refrigeration device 15 form a daytime power generation branch; the compressor 3, the four-way reversing valve 11, the drying box 4, the first fan 8, the first solenoid valve 16, the electronic expansion valve 12, the first PVT component 1 and the second PVT component 2 form a daytime drying branch; the compressor 3, the first PVT component 1, the second PVT component 2, the electronic expansion valve 12, the second solenoid valve 17, the first evaporator 5, the second fan 9, the third solenoid valve 18, the cold storage box 6, the second evaporator 7, the third fan 10 and the four-way reversing valve 11 form a nighttime refrigeration branch.

[0030] In the daytime power generation branch, the first PVT component 1 or the second PVT component 2 is respectively connected to the storage battery 13 through a circuit for storing the solar energy absorbed by the PVT; the storage battery 13 is connected to the inverter 14 through a circuit for converting the solar energy into electric energy; the inverter 14 is connected to the standby refrigeration device 15 through a circuit for delivering the converted electric energy; the first PVT component 1 and the second PVT component 2 are in a parallel structure.

[0031] In the daytime drying branch, the compressor 3 is connected to the drying box 4 through a pipeline for compressing the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the refrigerant; the drying box 4 is connected to the electronic expansion valve 12 through a pipeline for cooling the gas generated by the compressor; the electronic expansion valve 12 is connected to the first PVT component 1 or the second PVT component 2 through a pipeline for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant in the pipeline; the first PVT component 1 or the second PVT component 2 is connected to the compressor 3 through a pipeline for evaporating the refrigerant in the pipeline.

[0032] In the night refrigeration branch, the compressor 3 is connected to the first PVT module 1 or the second PVT module 2 through pipelines, and is used to transfer the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by compressing the refrigerant; the electronic expansion valve 12 is connected to the first PVT module 1 or the second PVT module 2 through pipelines, and is used to cool the refrigerant in the pipeline; the electronic expansion valve 12 is connected to the first evaporator 5 through a pipe, and is used to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant in the pipeline; the first evaporator 5 is connected to the compressor 3 through a pipe, and is used to heat and evaporate the refrigerant in the pipeline into gas; the electronic expansion valve 12 is connected to the cold storage tank 6 through pipelines, and is used to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant in the pipeline; the cold storage tank 6 is connected to the second evaporator 7 through pipelines, and is used to store cold; the second evaporator 7 is connected to the compressor 3 through a pipe, and is used to heat and evaporate the refrigerant in the pipeline into gas.

[0033] For different requirements, the utility model can realize three modes: cooling supply, grain drying, and power generation.

[0034] ① Condition 1: Power generation mode (daytime): The photovoltaic panel absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy for the operation of the compressor, fan, and other refrigeration equipment.

[0035] ② Condition 2: Drying mode (daytime): The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor exits from the exhaust port of the compressor, passes through the four-way reversing valve, and then enters the drying box. The heat is converted in the drying box for drying grains, and then passes through the first solenoid valve and the electronic expansion valve to enter the PVT module to absorb heat, improving the comprehensive solar energy utilization efficiency of the PVT module.

[0036] ③ Condition 3: Cooling supply mode (nighttime): The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor exits from the exhaust port of the compressor, passes through the four-way reversing valve, and then enters the PVT module. It radiates heat to the sky in the PVT module, and then passes through the electronic expansion valve and the solenoid valve to enter the cold storage device to absorb heat to achieve the purpose of refrigeration.

[0037] The utility model can realize functions such as grain drying, cold storage for grain supply, cold storage, and electricity storage through operation adjustment, perfectly meeting the various energy requirements of low-temperature granaries.

[0038] The utility model includes a PVT component, conventional components of an air source heat pump system (such as an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, an electronic expansion valve, etc.), a cold storage tank, a fan, etc. The operation of the utility model is mainly divided into the following scenarios: First, during the day, the evaporator part of the air source heat pump is combined with the PVT component. On the one hand, it can reduce the temperature of the PVT solar panel and improve its working efficiency; on the other hand, the low-grade heat energy formed by the PVT component absorbing solar energy can be upgraded by the heat pump and used for grain drying. At the same time, the PVT photovoltaic panel absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy, which can be used for the operation of the compressor, the fan, and additional supporting refrigeration equipment. Second, at night, the utility model uses a four-way reversing valve to interchange the functions of the evaporator and the condenser during the day. The refrigerant processed by the compressor first passes through the PVT component, releases heat through sky radiation, and then enters the cold storage device through an expansion valve for refrigeration. The stored cold energy can be used for cooling the grain and the granary when needed.

[0039] As described above, only the preferred specific embodiments of the utility model are provided, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model, according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the utility model, making equivalent substitutions or changes, should be covered by the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A new type of multi-functional grain processing system, characterized in that: The novel multifunctional grain processing system comprises a first PVT component (1), a second PVT component (2), a compressor (3), a drying box (4), a first evaporator (5), a cold storage box (6), a second evaporator (7), a first fan (8), a second fan (9), a third fan (10), a four-way reversing valve (11), an electronic expansion valve (12), a battery (13), an inverter (14), a standby refrigeration device (15), a first solenoid valve (16), a second solenoid valve (17) and a third solenoid valve (18); wherein: the first PVT component (1), the second PVT component (2), the battery (13), the inverter (14), the standby The refrigeration equipment (15) forms a daytime power generation branch; the compressor (3), the four-way reversing valve (11), the drying box (4), the first fan (8), the first solenoid valve (16), the electronic expansion valve (12), the first PVT assembly (1), and the second PVT assembly (2) form a daytime drying branch; and the compressor (3), the first PVT assembly (1), the second PVT assembly (2), the electronic expansion valve (12), the second solenoid valve (17), the first evaporator (5), the second fan (9), the third solenoid valve (18), the cold storage box (6), the second evaporator (7), the third fan (10), and the four-way reversing valve (11) form a nighttime refrigeration branch.

2. The novel multi-functional grain processing system according to claim 1, wherein: In the daytime power generation branch, the first PVT component (1) or the second PVT component (2) is connected to the storage battery (13) via a circuit, respectively, for storing solar energy absorbed by the PVT; the storage battery (13) is connected to the inverter (14) via a circuit, for converting solar energy into electrical energy; the inverter (14) is connected to the refrigeration equipment (15) via a circuit, for transmitting the converted electrical energy; the first PVT component (1) and the second PVT component (2) are in a parallel structure.

3. The novel multi-functional grain processing system according to claim 1, wherein: In the daytime drying branch, the compressor (3) and the drying box (4) are connected via a pipeline for compressing high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the refrigerant; the drying box (4) and the expansion valve (12) are connected via a pipeline for cooling the gas generated by the compressor; the expansion valve (12) and the first PVT component (1) or the second PVT component (2) are connected via a pipeline for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant in the pipeline; the first PVT component (1) or the second PVT component (2) and the compressor (3) are connected via a pipeline for evaporating the refrigerant in the pipeline.

4. The novel multi-functional grain processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the night refrigeration branch, the compressor (3) is connected to the first PVT module (1) or the second PVT module (2) through pipelines, and is used to transfer the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by compressing the refrigerant; the expansion valve (12) is connected to the first PVT module (1) or the second PVT module (2) through pipelines, and is used to cool the refrigerant in the pipelines; the electronic expansion valve (12) is connected to the first evaporator (5) through pipelines, and is used to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant in the pipelines; the first evaporator (5) is connected to the compressor (3) through pipelines, and is used to heat and evaporate the refrigerant in the pipelines into gas; the expansion valve (12) is connected to the cold storage tank (6) through pipelines, and is used to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant in the pipelines; the cold storage tank (6) is connected to the second evaporator (7) through pipelines, and is used to store cold energy; the second evaporator (7) is connected to the compressor (3) through pipelines, and is used to heat and evaporate the refrigerant in the pipelines into gas.

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