Armored vehicle voltage output protection circuit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a voltage output protection circuit for an armored vehicle, relates to the technical field of protection circuits, and solves the problem that when the existing armored vehicle electrical equipment supplies power to external equipment for output. The problems that voltage output of the protection circuit cannot be automatically adjusted, a voltage protection threshold value cannot be set, output short-circuit protection cannot be achieved, and an output state cannot be fed back are solved. Through integrated general electronic elements such as a photoelectric coupler, a surge suppression integrated circuit, a field effect transistor, a resistor and a capacitor, safe and reliable reverse connection protection, short circuit protection and peak and surge protection of voltage output of the armored vehicle are realized; according to the circuit, an output voltage value and a voltage protection threshold value can be freely and flexibly designed, so that the output voltage value and the voltage protection threshold value are not fluctuated due to input voltage change; and a state feedback function is achieved, and the output voltage state can be fed back in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of protection circuits, and more specifically, it relates to a voltage output protection circuit for armored vehicles. Background Technique

[0002] Electrical equipment on armored vehicles often needs to supply power output to external equipment. At present, the voltage output protection circuit of armored vehicle electrical equipment usually uses discrete devices such as fuses, sampling resistors, operational amplifiers, diodes, and transistors to build. There are some obvious disadvantages in the actual use of this type of circuit: First, it cannot automatically adjust the voltage output of the protection circuit and set the voltage protection threshold. The voltage output changes with the input voltage. When there are spikes and surge voltages in the input voltage, they will directly act on the output circuit; Second, it cannot achieve output short-circuit protection; Third, this type of circuit does not have a status feedback function and cannot realize real-time monitoring of the output status, thus affecting the safety and reliability of the overall circuit. And when using a dedicated protection module, the circuit cost will increase.

[0003] Therefore, this application provides a voltage output protection circuit for armored vehicles to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] What this application needs to solve is the problem that when the existing armored vehicle electrical equipment supplies power output to external equipment, it cannot automatically adjust the voltage output of the protection circuit and set the voltage protection threshold, cannot achieve output short-circuit protection, and cannot feedback the output status. The purpose is to provide a voltage output protection circuit for armored vehicles, which realizes reverse connection protection, short-circuit protection, spike and surge protection of the safe and reliable voltage output of armored vehicles through general electronic components such as integrated optocouplers, surge suppression integrated circuits, field effect transistors, resistors, and capacitors; this circuit can freely and flexibly design the output voltage value and voltage protection threshold, so that it is not affected by the fluctuation caused by the change of the input voltage; and it has a status feedback function and can feedback the output voltage status in real time.

[0005] This application is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An armored vehicle voltage output protection circuit, comprising: an optocoupler U3, a surge suppression integrated circuit U2, a field effect transistor U1, and a sampling resistor R1; a power supply VCC_IN is connected to an input filter circuit, the power supply VCC_IN is connected to the enable terminal EN of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 through a first voltage dividing circuit, the power supply VCC_IN is connected to the shutdown control terminal SHDN of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 through a second voltage dividing circuit, the power supply VCC_IN is connected to the drain terminal of the field effect transistor U1 through the sampling resistor R1, both ends of the sampling resistor R1 are respectively connected to the positive power supply voltage input VCC and the current detection input terminal SNS of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2, the gate drive output terminal G of the surge suppression integrated circuit is connected to the gate terminal of the field effect transistor U1 through a resistor, the output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to the source terminal of the field effect transistor U1 through a third voltage dividing circuit, the open collector fault output terminal FLT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to the optocoupler U3, the ground terminal GND of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is grounded, the fault timer input terminal TMR of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is grounded through a capacitor, the feedback input terminal FB of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to the third voltage dividing circuit, and the output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to an output filter circuit; the anode of the LED of the optocoupler is connected to the power supply VCC_IN through a resistor, the cathode of the LED is connected to the open collector fault output terminal FLT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2, the collector of the photodetector is connected to the voltage VCC through a resistor, and the emitter of the photodetector is grounded.

[0007] Adopting the above technical solution, a combined circuit with reverse connection protection, short circuit protection, and spike surge protection functions is constructed by using general electronic components such as an optocoupler U3, a surge suppression integrated circuit U2, a field effect transistor U1, resistors, and capacitors; the amplitude setting of the output voltage is realized through a third voltage dividing circuit, so that it is not affected by power fluctuations, and the output protection threshold can be flexibly set; the integrated surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is used to check the output current and monitor the state of the output voltage in real time.

[0008] Further, the input filter circuit includes: an electrolytic capacitor C1, a ceramic capacitor C2, and a ceramic capacitor C3. The positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected to the power supply VCC_IN, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is grounded, the electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the ceramic capacitor C2, and the ceramic capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the ceramic capacitor C3.

[0009] Further, the first voltage dividing circuit includes: a resistor R3 and a resistor R6. One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the power supply VCC_IN, and the other end is respectively connected to the enable terminal EN of the surge suppression integrated circuit and the resistor R6, and the resistor R6 is grounded.

[0010] Further, the second voltage dividing circuit includes: a resistor R4 and a resistor R7. One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the power supply VCC_IN, and the other end is respectively connected to the shutdown control terminal SHDN of the surge suppression integrated circuit and the resistor R7, and the resistor R7 is grounded.

[0011] Further, the third voltage dividing circuit includes: a resistor R5 and a resistor R8. One end of the resistor R5 is connected to the output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit.

[0012] Further, the output filtering circuit includes: an electrolytic capacitor C4, a ceramic capacitor C5, and a ceramic capacitor C6. The positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C4 is connected to the output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C4 is grounded, the electrolytic capacitor C5 is connected in parallel with the ceramic capacitor C4, and the ceramic capacitor C6 is connected in parallel with the ceramic capacitor C5.

[0013] Further, the sampling resistor adopts a high-precision chip resistor.

[0014] Further, the model of the field effect transistor U1 is IRF7854PbF.

[0015] Further, the model of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is LT4356HMS-1#PBF.

[0016] Further, the model of the optocoupler U3 is TP521-1.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: An optocoupler U3, a surge suppression integrated circuit U2, a field effect transistor U1, resistors, capacitors and other general electronic components are used to construct a combined circuit with reverse connection protection, short circuit protection, and spike surge protection functions; The amplitude setting of the output voltage is realized through the third voltage dividing circuit, so that it is not affected by power fluctuations, and the output protection threshold can be flexibly set; The output current is checked through the integrated surge suppression integrated circuit U2, and the state of the output voltage is monitored in real time. In addition, the isolation feedback of the output state of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is realized through the optocoupler U3, which can improve the anti-interference ability of the system; The combined circuit constructed by discrete components such as an electrical coupler, a surge suppression integrated circuit, a field effect transistor, resistors, and capacitors has a lower cost than a dedicated module; The overall integration of the circuit is high, the number of peripheral devices is small, and it can be packaged and tested modularly, with good portability and flexibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of this application, and do not limit the embodiments of this application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage output protection circuit for an armored vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present utility model are only used to explain the present utility model and shall not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the voltage output protection circuit for an armored vehicle includes: an optocoupler U3, a surge suppression integrated circuit U2, a field effect transistor U1, and a sampling resistor R1; a power supply VCC_IN is connected to an input filter circuit. The power supply VCC_IN is connected to the enable terminal EN of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 through a first voltage division circuit, the power supply VCC_IN is connected to the shutdown control terminal SHDN of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 through a second voltage division circuit, the power supply VCC_IN is connected to the drain terminals D4-D1 of the field effect transistor U1 through the sampling resistor R1, both ends of the sampling resistor R1 are respectively connected to the power input terminal VCC and the current detection input terminal SNS of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2, the gate drive output terminal G of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to the gate terminal G of the field effect transistor U1 through a resistor R2, the output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to the source terminals S1-S3 of the field effect transistor U1 through a third voltage division circuit, the open collector fault output terminal FLT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to the optocoupler U3, the ground terminal GND of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is grounded, the fault timer input terminal TMR of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is grounded through a capacitor C7, the feedback input terminal FB of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to the third voltage division circuit, and the output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to an output filter circuit. The anode (pin 1) of the LED of the optocoupler U1 is connected to the power supply VCC_IN through a resistor R9, the cathode (pin 2) of the LED is connected to the open collector fault output terminal FLT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2, the collector (pin 3) of the photodetector is connected to the voltage VCC through a resistor R10, and the emitter (pin 4) of the photodetector is grounded.

[0022] Specifically, the power supply of the armored vehicle voltage output protection circuit is input from VCC_IN and output from VCC_OUT. The power supply VCC_IN passes through the input filter circuit to filter out spikes and glitches, ensuring the relative stability of the input power supply. The first voltage division circuit enables the surge suppression integrated circuit U2, and the second voltage division circuit sets the turn-off protection voltage for the surge suppression integrated circuit U2. When the divided voltage value is greater than the set value, U2 will turn off the output. Both ends of the sampling resistor R1 are connected to the current acquisition circuit inside U2. The current magnitude in the entire loop can be monitored in real time through the sampling circuit R1. When an abnormality occurs, the output will be intelligently turned off for protection. The third voltage division circuit detects the output voltage of U2. When the detected output voltage exceeds the set value, the field effect transistor U1 will be controlled to conduct / turn off in a PWM manner, thereby stabilizing the output voltage of U2. The output filter circuit filters out the spikes and glitches of the output power supply and at the same time ensures the relative stability of the output power supply. The optocoupler U3 is connected to the open collector fault output terminal FLT of U2 to achieve real-time isolation feedback of the output state of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2, improving the anti-interference ability of the system.

[0023] It can be understood that the improvement of this solution lies in constructing a combined circuit with reverse connection protection, short-circuit protection, and spike surge protection functions using general electronic components such as the optocoupler U3, surge suppression integrated circuit U2, field effect transistor U1, resistors, and capacitors; the amplitude setting of the output voltage is achieved through the third voltage division circuit, making it unaffected by power fluctuations and enabling flexible setting of the output protection threshold; the inspection of the output current is realized through the integrated surge suppression integrated circuit U2, and the state of the output voltage is monitored in real time. In addition, the isolation feedback of the output state of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is achieved through the optocoupler U3, which can improve the anti-interference ability of the system; the combined circuit constructed by discrete components such as the electrical coupler, surge suppression integrated circuit, field effect transistor, resistors, and capacitors has a lower cost compared to dedicated modules; the overall integration of the circuit is high, with few peripheral devices, and it can be packaged and tested modularly, having good portability and flexibility.

[0024] Furthermore, the input filter circuit includes: electrolytic capacitor C1, ceramic capacitor C2, and ceramic capacitor C3. The positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected to the power supply VCC_IN, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is grounded, the electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the ceramic capacitor C2, and the ceramic capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the ceramic capacitor C3. The electrolytic capacitor C1, ceramic capacitors C2, and C3 filter out the spikes and glitches of the input power supply VCC_IN and at the same time play a role in energy storage to ensure the relative stability of the input power supply;

[0025] Further, the first voltage dividing circuit includes: resistor R3 and resistor R6. One end of resistor R3 is connected to the power supply VCC_IN, and the other end is respectively connected to the enable terminal EN of the surge suppression integrated circuit and resistor R6, and resistor R6 is grounded. The first voltage dividing circuit composed of the surface mount resistors R3 and R6 enables the surge suppression integrated circuit U2.

[0026] Further, the second voltage dividing circuit includes: resistor R4 and resistor R7. One end of resistor R4 is connected to the power supply VCC_IN, and the other end is respectively connected to the shutdown control terminal SHDN of the surge suppression integrated circuit and resistor R7, and resistor R7 is grounded. The second voltage dividing circuit composed of the surface mount resistors R4 and R7 sets the shutdown protection voltage for the surge suppression integrated circuit U2. Users can flexibly design according to actual situations. When the divided voltage value is greater than the port threshold, U2 will shut down the output. Taking the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 using LT4356HMS-1#PBF as an example, when the divided voltage value is greater than 2V, U2 will shut down the output.

[0027] Further, the third voltage dividing circuit includes: resistor R5 and resistor R8. One end of resistor R5 is connected to the output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit, and the other end is respectively connected to the regulator feedback input terminal FB of the surge suppression integrated circuit and resistor R8, and resistor R8 is grounded. The third voltage dividing circuit composed of the surface mount resistors R5 and R8 monitors the output voltage of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2. Taking the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 using LT4356HMS-1#PBF as an example, its reference voltage is 1.25V, and the gain multiple is (R5 + R8) / R5. When it is detected that the output voltage exceeds the set value, the conduction and shutdown of the field effect transistor U1 will be controlled in a PWM manner to stabilize the output voltage of U2.

[0028] Further, the output filter circuit includes: electrolytic capacitor C4, ceramic capacitor C5, and ceramic capacitor C6. The positive electrode of electrolytic capacitor C4 is connected to the output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit, the negative electrode of electrolytic capacitor C4 is grounded, ceramic capacitor C5 is in parallel with electrolytic capacitor C4, and ceramic capacitor C6 is in parallel with ceramic capacitor C5. The electrolytic capacitor C4, ceramic capacitors C5 and C6 filter out the spikes of the output power supply and at the same time play a role in energy storage to ensure the relative stability of the output power supply.

[0029] Further, the sampling resistor uses a high-precision surface mount resistor. Both ends of the high-precision surface mount resistor R1 are connected to the current acquisition circuit inside U2. The magnitude of the current in the entire loop can be monitored in real time through the sampling resistor R1. When an abnormality occurs, the output will be intelligently shut down for protection.

[0030] Further, the model of the field effect transistor U1 is IRF7854PbF.

[0031] Further, the model of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is LT4356HMS-1#PBF.

[0032] Further, the model of the optocoupler U3 is TP521-1.

[0033] The specific embodiments described above have further elaborated on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present utility model. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present utility model and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An armored vehicle voltage output protection circuit, characterized in that Including: Optocoupler U3, surge suppression integrated circuit U2, field effect transistor U1, and sampling resistor R1; Power supply VCC_IN is connected to an input filter circuit. The power supply VCC_IN is connected to the enable terminal EN of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 through a first voltage division circuit, the power supply VCC_IN is connected to the shutdown control terminal SHDN of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 through a second voltage division circuit, the power supply VCC_IN is connected to the drain terminal of the field effect transistor U1 through the sampling resistor R1. Both ends of the sampling resistor R1 are respectively connected to the positive power supply voltage input VCC and the current detection input terminal SNS of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2. The gate drive output terminal G of the surge suppression integrated circuit is connected to the gate terminal of the field effect transistor U1 through a resistor. The output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to the source terminal of the field effect transistor U1 through a third voltage division circuit. The open collector fault output terminal FLT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to the optocoupler U3. The ground terminal GND of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is grounded. The fault timer input terminal TMR of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is grounded through a capacitor. The feedback input terminal FB of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to the third voltage division circuit. The output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is connected to an output filter circuit; The anode of the LED of the optocoupler is connected to the power supply VCC_IN through a resistor, the cathode of the LED is connected to the open collector fault output terminal FLT of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2, the collector of the photodetector is connected to the voltage VCC through a resistor, and the emitter of the photodetector is grounded.

2. The voltage output protection circuit for an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input filter circuit includes: electrolytic capacitor C1, ceramic capacitor C2, and ceramic capacitor C3. The positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected to the power supply VCC_IN, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is grounded, the electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the ceramic capacitor C2, and the ceramic capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the ceramic capacitor C3.

3. The voltage output protection circuit of an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The first voltage division circuit includes: resistor R3 and resistor R6. One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the power supply VCC_IN, and the other end is respectively connected to the enable terminal EN of the surge suppression integrated circuit and the resistor R6, and the resistor R6 is grounded.

4. The voltage output protection circuit of an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second voltage division circuit includes: resistor R4 and resistor R7. One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the power supply VCC_IN, and the other end is respectively connected to the shutdown control terminal SHDN of the surge suppression integrated circuit and the resistor R7, and the resistor R7 is grounded.

5. A voltage output protection circuit for an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third voltage division circuit includes: resistor R5 and resistor R8. One end of the resistor R5 is connected to the output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit, and the other end is respectively connected to the regulator feedback input terminal FB of the surge suppression integrated circuit and the resistor R8, and the resistor R8 is grounded.

6. The voltage output protection circuit of an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The output filter circuit includes: electrolytic capacitor C4, ceramic capacitor C5, and ceramic capacitor C6. The positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C4 is connected to the output terminal OUT of the surge suppression integrated circuit, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C4 is grounded, the ceramic capacitor C5 is connected in parallel with the electrolytic capacitor C4, and the ceramic capacitor C6 is connected in parallel with the ceramic capacitor C5.

7. The voltage output protection circuit for an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The sampling resistor uses a high-precision surface mount resistor.

8. The voltage output protection circuit for an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The model of the field effect transistor U1 is IRF7854PbF.

9. The voltage output protection circuit of an armored vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The model of the surge suppression integrated circuit U2 is LT4356HMS-1#PBF.

10. The voltage output protection circuit of an armored vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The model of the optocoupler U3 is TP521-1.

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