Earth and rockfill dam structure for preventing overtopping harm
By setting up a self-crucidation waveproof wall and drainage ditches on the earth and rock dam, safe discharge of floods exceeding the standard is achieved, and the protection problems of the earth and rock dam structure in flooding the top is solved, and a simple and economical risk reduction measure is provided.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421979262.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-15
AI Technical Summary
When facing floods exceeding the standard, existing earth and rock dams lack simple structure and low-cost measures to prevent flood hazards, resulting in frequent flood accidents and economic losses.
Design an earth-rock dam structure including self-crusting waveproof wall, dam top drainage ditch and gutter. The self-crusting waveproof wall automatically collapses under flood pressure to form a drainage gap. The water flow is safely discharged through the dam top drainage ditch and downstream gutters to reduce the risk of overflow.
This structure is simple and low-cost, which can effectively reduce or eliminate the risk of flooding caused by excessive flooding, improve the flood control capacity of earth and rock dams, and is suitable for small and medium-sized reservoirs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223151133U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of earth-rock dams, and particularly to an earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards. Background Art
[0002] Earth-rock dams are most afraid of flood overtopping, and quite a few economic losses have been caused in some flood overtopping accidents that have occurred. For earth-rock dam projects with important flood control targets downstream, it is necessary to consider the hazards of over-standard floods for dam-break risk analysis and adopt corresponding preventive measures, such as setting up emergency spillways and increasing the safety height of the dam. However, as a low-probability event, if the investment caused by the corresponding measures is large, it will inevitably affect the scope of its application. Therefore, designing a structural measure that is simple in structure and low in cost and can be popularized and used in general earth-rock dam projects is of great significance for preventing and reducing the overtopping hazards of earth-rock dams and improving the risk response ability of earth-rock dams. Utility Model Content
[0003] In the first aspect of the embodiments of this application, an earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards is provided. While being simple in structure and low in cost, this earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards can effectively improve the overtopping risk of earth-rock dams in the face of over-standard floods and the like.
[0004] The earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards provided in the first aspect of the embodiments of this application includes: a dam, and both sides of the dam in the length direction are combined with the mountain bedrock;
[0005] A self-collapsing wave wall, which is arranged at the top of the dam, and the self-collapsing wave wall is located on at least one side of the dam close to the mountain bedrock. The self-collapsing wave wall includes a self-collapse notch and a self-collapse door. The self-collapse notch is used for self-collapse to form a drainage notch, and the self-collapse door is sealingly arranged at the position of the self-collapse notch;
[0006] A top-dam drainage ditch, which is arranged on the downstream side of the self-collapsing wave wall, and the top-dam drainage ditch is communicated with the self-collapse notch;
[0007] A catch ditch, which is arranged on the downstream side of the dam, and the catch ditch is communicated with the top-dam drainage ditch.
[0008] The earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards provided in the embodiments of this application may also have the following additional technical features:
[0009] In an alternative solution, the self-collapse door is hinged to the structural concrete of the self-collapsing wave wall through a door shaft sleeve and a door shaft bearing. The side of the self-collapse door is fixed to the self-collapsing wave wall through a limiting member and an anchor bolt. One side of the self-collapse door facing the top-dam drainage ditch is connected to the self-collapsing wave wall through a locking member.
[0010] In an alternative solution, the limiting member includes a steel plate and an angle steel. The steel plate is connected and arranged on the top edge and both side edges of the self-collapsing door, and the angle steel is connected and arranged on the bottom side of the self-collapsing door; the locking member includes a spring hinge or a clamping member with elastic function.
[0011] In an alternative solution, the self-collapsing wave wall is located on both sides of the dam near the bedrock of the mountain body, and the self-collapsing notch is located below the top of the dam.
[0012] In an alternative solution, the top-dam drainage ditch is respectively communicated with the self-collapsing notches on both sides. The intercepting ditch is located at the joint part between the dam and the mountain bodies on both sides, and the intercepting ditch is respectively communicated with the top-dam drainage ditches on both sides.
[0013] In an alternative solution, the intercepting ditch includes a cross-section transition section and a standard drainage ditch section. The cross-section transition section communicates the top-dam drainage ditch and the standard drainage ditch section, and water-stop structures are arranged at the structural joints between the top-dam drainage ditch, the cross-section transition section and the standard drainage ditch section. A cover plate is arranged on the top of the top-dam drainage ditch.
[0014] In an alternative solution, the flow cross-section of the intercepting ditch is not less than half of that of the top-dam drainage ditch. Structural joints are arranged at preset intervals in the intercepting ditch, and water-stop structures are arranged at the structural joints; a retaining wall is arranged downstream of the dam, and the outlet of the intercepting ditch is located downstream of the retaining wall.
[0015] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a construction method for an earth-rock dam structure. The earth-rock dam structure is the earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards in the first aspect of the embodiments. The construction method includes the following steps:
[0016] 1) During the pouring process of the self-collapsing wave wall, according to the structural requirements, reserve the self-collapsing notch, embed the door shaft bushing at the position of the self-collapsing notch, and embed the water-stop structure;
[0017] 2) Pour the top-dam drainage ditch in the top area of the dam, and arrange a cover plate on the top of the top-dam drainage ditch;
[0018] 3) After the construction of the dam is completed, carry out the construction of the intercepting ditch, and communicate the intercepting ditch with the top-dam drainage ditch;
[0019] 4) Install the limiting plate and the locking member on the upstream surface of the self-collapsing door, and install the self-collapsing door on the self-collapsing wave wall through the door shaft bearing and the door shaft bushing;
[0020] 5) Flip and close the self-collapsing gate, lock the self-collapsing gate through the locking member, and then use butyl tape to paste and seal the gap formed between the periphery of the self-collapsing gate and the limit plate.
[0021] In an alternative solution, when constructing the intercepting ditch in step 3), the following steps are included:
[0022] Set the intercepting ditch at the joint between the dam and the mountain body, and the cross-sectional flow area of the intercepting ditch is not less than half of the cross-sectional flow area of the drainage ditch on the dam crest. Construct a structural joint on the intercepting ditch every about 12 meters, and then set a water stop structure at the structural joint.
[0023] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application are as follows:
[0024] In the earth-rock dam structure in the embodiments of the present application, under the set water level, the self-collapsing notch of the self-collapsing wave wall self-collapses to form a drainage notch, and the water flow is safely discharged to the downstream of the dam through the drainage ditch on the dam crest and the downstream intercepting ditch, reducing the overtopping risk caused by floods exceeding the standard or, after the overtopping danger occurs, discharging through both banks to reduce the overtopping water head, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing or eliminating the risk. The structure of this earth-rock dam is simple and the cost is low. The investment caused by adding new structures or structural adjustments is small, and it will not increase the construction difficulty. Estimated according to the flow capacity of a 2m drainage ditch, 15m³ / s of flood can be discharged per second. For some small and medium-sized reservoirs with less investment, it is a practical measure to improve the flood control ability against floods exceeding the standard. 3 / s of flood, which is a practical measure to improve the flood control ability against floods exceeding the standard for some small and medium-sized reservoirs with less investment.
[0025] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and do not limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of the earth-rock dam structure provided by the present application;
[0027] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the longitudinal sectional view of the earth-rock dam structure in
[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the self-collapsing wave wall provided by the present application in the upstream and downstream directions;
[0029] Figure 4 is the upstream elevation view of the self-collapsing wave wall provided by the present application;
[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the self-collapsing wave wall provided by the present application in the direction of the dam axis;
[0031] Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the intercepting ditch provided by the present application.
[0032] Reference numerals: dam 1, self-collapsing wave wall 2, self-collapsing notch 3, self-collapsing gate 4, top-dam drain 5, intercepting drain 6, hinge bushing 7, hinge bearing 8, limiting member 9, anchor bolt 10, locking member 11, section transition section 12, standard section of drain 13, water stop structure 14, cover plate 15, retaining wall 16.
[0033] The accompanying drawings here are incorporated into and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present application. Detailed implementation manners
[0034] For a better understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0035] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only a part, rather than all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0036] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "the" and "said" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0037] It should be understood that the term " / and" used herein is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.
[0038] It should be noted that the orientation terms such as "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" described in the embodiments of the present application are described from the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it should also be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected "above" or "below" another element, it can not only be directly connected "above" or "below" another element, but also be indirectly connected "above" or "below" another element through an intermediate element.
[0039] Such as Figures 1-6As shown in the figure, in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, an earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards is provided. The earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards includes a dam 1, a self-collapsing wave wall 2, a crest drain 5, and a catch drain 6. Among them, the dam 1 is a concrete face rockfill dam, and both sides of the dam 1 in the length direction are combined with the mountain bedrock; the self-collapsing wave wall 2 is arranged at the crest of the dam 1, and the self-collapsing wave wall 2 is located on at least one side of the dam 1 close to the mountain bedrock. The self-collapsing wave wall 2 includes a self-collapse notch 3 and a self-collapse door 4. The self-collapse notch 3 is used for self-collapse to form a drainage notch, and the self-collapse door 4 is sealingly arranged at the position of the self-collapse notch 3; the crest drain 5 is arranged on the downstream side of the self-collapsing wave wall 2, and the crest drain 5 is communicated with the self-collapse notch 3; the catch drain 6 is arranged on the downstream side of the dam 1, and the catch drain 6 is communicated with the crest drain 5.
[0040] In the earth-rock dam structure of this embodiment, at the set water level, the self-collapse notch 3 of the self-collapsing wave wall 2 self-collapses to form a drainage notch, and the water flow is safely discharged to the downstream of the dam 1 through the crest drain 5 and the downstream catch drain 6, reducing the overtopping risk caused by excessive floods, etc. Or after the overtopping danger occurs, through the discharge on both sides, the overtopping water head is reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing or eliminating the risk. The structure of this earth-rock dam structure is simple, the cost is low, the investment caused by new structures or structural adjustments is small, and the construction difficulty will not be increased. According to the flow capacity of the 2m drain for estimation, 15m 3 / s of flood can be discharged per second. For some small and medium-sized reservoirs with less investment, it is a practical measure to improve the flood control ability of excessive floods.
[0041] As Figures 3-5 shown, in a specific embodiment, the self-collapse door 4 is hinged to the structural concrete of the self-collapsing wave wall 2 through a door shaft sleeve 7 and a door shaft bearing 8. The side of the self-collapse door 4 is fixed to the self-collapsing wave wall 2 through a limiting member 9 and an anchor bolt 10. The side of the self-collapse door 4 facing the crest drain 5 is connected to the self-collapsing wave wall 2 through a locking member 11. Specifically, the limiting member 9 includes a steel plate and an angle steel. The steel plate is connected and arranged at the top edge and both side edges of the self-collapse door 4, and the angle steel is connected and arranged at the bottom side of the self-collapse door 4; the locking member 11 includes a spring hinge or an elastic member.
[0042] As Figures 1-2 shown, in a specific embodiment, the self-collapsing wave wall 2 is located on both sides of the dam 1 close to the mountain bedrock. The self-collapse notch 3 is located below the crest of the dam 1, and its shape is a square notch, which is blocked by the self-collapse door 4 during normal operation. The crest drain 5 is respectively communicated with the self-collapse notches 3 on both sides. The catch drain 6 is located at the joint part of the dam 1 and the mountains on both sides, and the catch drain 6 is respectively communicated with the crest drains 5 on both sides.
[0043] As Figures 2-3As shown, in a specific embodiment, the intercepting ditch 6 includes a cross-section transition section 12 and a standard drainage ditch section 13. The cross-section transition section 12 connects the dam-top drainage ditch 5 and the standard drainage ditch section 13, and waterstop structures 14 are provided at the structural joints connecting the dam-top drainage ditch 5, the cross-section transition section 12, and the standard drainage ditch section 13. A cover plate 15 is provided at the top of the dam-top drainage ditch 5.
[0044] In addition, the flow cross-section of the intercepting ditch 6 is not less than half of that of the dam-top drainage ditch 5. Structural joints are provided at preset intervals in the intercepting ditch 6, and waterstop structures 14 are provided at the structural joints. A retaining wall 16 is provided downstream of the dam 1, and the outlet of the intercepting ditch 6 is located downstream of the retaining wall 16.
[0045] In the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a construction method for an earth-rock dam structure is provided, where the earth-rock dam structure is the earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards in the embodiments of the first aspect. The construction method includes the following steps:
[0046] 1) During the pouring process of the self-collapsing wave wall 2, according to the structural requirements, a self-collapsing notch 3 is reserved, a hinge bushing 7 is embedded at the position of the self-collapsing notch 3, and a waterstop structure 14 is embedded.
[0047] 2) Pour the dam-top drainage ditch 5 in the dam-top area of the dam 1, and a cover plate 15 is provided at the top of the dam-top drainage ditch 5.
[0048] 3) After the construction of the dam 1 is completed, the construction of the intercepting ditch 6 is carried out, and the intercepting ditch 6 is connected to the dam-top drainage ditch 5. When constructing the intercepting ditch 6, the intercepting ditch 6 needs to be arranged at the intersection of the dam 1 and the mountain body, and the flow cross-section of the intercepting ditch 6 is not less than half of that of the dam-top drainage ditch 5. Structural joints are constructed and set on the intercepting ditch 6 every about 12 meters, and then waterstop structures 14 are provided at the structural joints.
[0049] 4) Install the limiting plate and the locking member 11 on the upstream surface of the self-collapsing gate 4, and install the self-collapsing gate 4 on the self-collapsing wave wall 2 through the hinge bearing 8 and the hinge bushing 7.
[0050] 5) Flip and close the self-collapsing gate 4, lock the self-collapsing gate 4 through the locking member 11, and then use butyl tape to paste and seal the gaps formed between the periphery of the self-collapsing gate 4 and the limiting plate.
[0051] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards, characterized in that Comprising: A dam, the two sides of which along the length direction are combined with the mountain bedrock; A self-collapsing wave wall, which is arranged at the top of the dam, and the self-collapsing wave wall is located on at least one side of the dam close to the mountain bedrock. The self-collapsing wave wall includes a self-collapse notch and a self-collapse door. The self-collapse notch is used for self-collapse to form a drainage notch, and the self-collapse door is hermetically arranged at the position of the self-collapse notch; A top-dam drain, which is arranged on the downstream side of the self-collapsing wave wall, and the top-dam drain is communicated with the self-collapse notch; A catch drain, which is arranged on the downstream side of the dam, and the catch drain is communicated with the top-dam drain.
2. The earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-collapse door is hinged to the structural concrete of the self-collapsing wave wall through a door shaft sleeve and a door shaft bearing. The side of the self-collapse door is fixed to the self-collapsing wave wall through a limiting member and an anchor bolt. One side of the self-collapse door facing the top-dam drain is connected to the self-collapsing wave wall through a locking member.
3. The earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting member includes a steel plate and an angle steel. The steel plate is connected and arranged on the top edge and both side edges of the self-collapse door, and the angle steel is connected and arranged on the bottom side of the self-collapse door; The locking member includes a spring hinge or a clamping member with elastic function.
4. The earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The self-collapsing wave wall is located on both sides of the dam close to the mountain bedrock, and the self-collapse notch is located below the top of the dam.
5. The earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top-dam drain is respectively communicated with the self-collapse notches on both sides. The catch drain is located at the joint part of the dam and the mountains on both sides, and the catch drain is respectively communicated with the top-dam drains on both sides.
6. The earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards according to any one of claims 1-3 or claim 5, characterized in that, The catch drain includes a cross-section transition section and a standard drain section. The cross-section transition section communicates the top-dam drain and the standard drain section, and the structural joints connected between the top-dam drain, the cross-section transition section and the standard drain section are all provided with water-stop structures. The top of the top-dam drain is provided with a cover plate.
7. The earth-rock dam structure for preventing overtopping hazards according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flow cross-section of the catch drain is not less than half of that of the top-dam drain. The catch drain is provided with structural joints at preset intervals, and the structural joints are provided with water-stop structures; A retaining wall is arranged downstream of the dam, and the outlet of the catch drain is located downstream of the retaining wall.