Underwater masonry part and mold

Abstract

The utility model discloses an underwater masonry part and a mould, and relates to the technical field of building wall material production, the masonry part comprises a masonry block body, the masonry block body is provided with a through hole facing up and down, the periphery of the upper end face of the masonry block body is respectively provided with a raised upper tenon, and the upper tenon is provided with a lower tenon. Lower grooves embedded with the upper tenons are formed in the positions, corresponding to the upper tenons, of the lower end face of the upper tenon; raised lower tenons are respectively arranged at the periphery and the middle part of the lower end surface of the building block body, and upper grooves embedded with the lower tenons are formed in the upper end surface of the building block body and correspond to the lower tenons. The building piece solves the problem that an existing building piece is difficult to adapt to overwater construction conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of building wall material production, in particular to an underwater masonry piece and a mould. Background Art

[0002] Since ancient times, the production and construction techniques of building wall masonry pieces have always revolved around mortar as the core bonding material. This traditional practice uses the bonding properties of mortar to firmly stack building masonry pieces such as stones and bricks, and at the same time uses precise wire pulling technology to ensure that the wall achieves a high degree of consistency and stability in the construction of straight lines and surfaces, thereby building a strong and durable building wall. However, when this mature brick structure and construction technology faces the challenges of the water environment, its limitations are obvious. The water construction environment is complex and changeable, and factors such as water flow and waves put forward higher requirements on the stability and construction accuracy of masonry pieces. Traditional masonry pieces such as stones and bricks are difficult to directly apply to such environments through mortar bonding and wire pulling construction methods. Not only is the construction difficult, but it is also difficult to ensure the stability and durability of the wall. Therefore, exploring new masonry pieces and molds that are adapted to water construction conditions has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in the construction field. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide an underwater masonry component, which can solve the problem that the existing masonry components are difficult to adapt to the construction conditions on water.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: this underwater masonry piece includes a masonry block body, the masonry block body has a through hole facing up and down, the periphery of the upper end surface of the masonry block body is respectively provided with raised upper tenons, and the lower end surface corresponding to the position of each upper tenon is provided with a lower groove engaged with the upper tenon; the periphery and the middle part of the lower end surface of the masonry block body are respectively provided with raised lower tenons, and the upper end surface corresponding to the position of each lower tenon is provided with an upper groove engaged with the lower tenon.

[0005] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned underwater masonry pieces, a more specific technical solution can also be: the block body is a rectangular parallelepiped, and there are four upper tenons on the upper end surface of the block body, which are respectively arranged in the middle of the long side and the short side of the upper end surface of the block body, and the four upper tenons enclose the through hole therein to form a middle upper groove for mating with the middle lower tenon on the lower end surface of the block body.

[0006] In some possible implementation schemes, the lower tenons around the lower end surface of the block body are arranged at the corners of the lower end surface of the block body.

[0007] In some possible implementation schemes, there are two through holes, and one end of the through hole is larger than the other end.

[0008] Another object of the present utility model is to provide a mold for underwater masonry units. This mold is used to manufacture the above-mentioned underwater masonry units and includes a mold frame, a forming module, an inner attachment plate, a movable mold core, and a mold clamping assembly. The mold frame includes a first template, a second template, and end plates respectively connected to both ends of the first template and the second template. The end plates are tightly fixed to the first template and the second template through the mold clamping assembly. The forming module includes a first forming module disposed on the inner surface of the first template and a second forming module disposed on the inner surface of the second template. The inner attachment plate includes a first inner attachment plate and a second inner attachment plate. The first inner attachment plate is movably attached to the surface that fits the concrete raw material during concrete raw material pouring after being combined with the first forming module on the inner surface of the first template. The second inner attachment plate is movably attached to the surface that fits the concrete raw material during concrete raw material pouring after being combined with the second forming module on the inner surface of the second template. The first template is provided with a mold core installation hole, and the second template is provided with a mold core positioning hole. The movable mold core sequentially passes through the first template, the first forming module, the first inner attachment plate, the second inner attachment plate, the second forming module, and the second template.

[0009] In the technical solution of the above mold, a more specific technical solution may further be: the first forming module has a first limiting block matching the movable mold core, the second forming module has a second limiting block matching the movable mold core, and the first limiting block and the second limiting block are staggeredly arranged in the radial direction of the movable mold core.

[0010] In some possible implementation manners, one end of the movable mold core is provided with a mold core positioning pin matching the mold core positioning hole.

[0011] In some possible implementation manners, a handle is installed at the other end of the movable mold core.

[0012] In some possible implementation manners, the end plate is installed with reinforcing connecting members respectively connecting the first forming module and the second forming module.

[0013] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0014] 1. Corresponding tenons and grooves are provided on the upper and lower end faces of the block body, enabling the masonry units to be fitted and locked vertically and horizontally during splicing, forming a tighter and more stable connection. As a result, dry construction of the entire wall can be achieved. This fitting structure not only enhances the mechanical biting force between the masonry units but also reduces the impact of external factors such as water flow and waves on the wall stability, thus significantly improving the stability and durability of the masonry units under water construction conditions. Since the design of the masonry units allows splicing from either end face, and the design of the tenons and grooves makes the splicing process more intuitive and convenient, this greatly reduces the construction difficulty and improves the construction accuracy. At the same time, the need for traditional stringing construction is reduced, the construction progress is accelerated, and the overall construction efficiency is improved. Compared with the mortar bonding and scribing methods of traditional masonry units, these masonry units achieve connection through physical fitting, reducing the use of materials such as mortar, lowering the energy consumption and pollution during the construction process. Also, there is no need for scribing and leveling, reducing the construction difficulty and improving the construction efficiency, and indirectly reducing the labor and material costs.

[0015] 2. The through holes provided on the masonry units can enhance the drainage performance, improve the ventilation, reduce the self-weight, and enhance the heat insulation and sound insulation performance of the wall.

[0016] 3. The layout and design of the tenons and grooves at the upper and lower ends of the masonry units are reasonable, enhancing the connection strength and stability between the masonry units, and can also significantly improve the flexural, compressive, and shear strengths of the masonry units, making the masonry units more stable when bearing external forces and less likely to deform or break; the precise design of the tenons and grooves makes the connection between the masonry units tighter and more accurate, reducing the quality problems caused by construction errors.

[0017] 4. The structural design and connection relationship of the mold ensure that the special structure of the underwater masonry unit can be accurately formed. The end plate is firmly locked with the first template and the second template through the mold clamping assembly, ensuring the stability of the mold during pouring or injection molding. Moreover, the assembly and disassembly process of the mold is rapid and efficient, significantly improving the production efficiency.

[0018] 5. By respectively setting limits on the first and second forming modules, the position of the movable die core in the mold is doubly restricted, improving the positioning accuracy of the movable die core and ensuring the dimensional and shape consistency of the underwater masonry unit during the forming process; the limit blocks are staggeredly arranged in the radial direction of the movable die core, further enhancing the stability of the movable die core in the mold, reducing the errors caused by inaccurate positioning, avoiding its shaking and offset in the mold, and making the disassembly and assembly smoother.

[0019] 6. The matching design of the core positioning pin and the core positioning hole ensures the precise positioning of the active core in the mold. This design eliminates the error caused by inaccurate positioning, ensures the stability and reliability of the mold during operation, and improves the processing accuracy and product quality of the mold. The handle design allows the operator to hold and operate more conveniently when the active core needs to be moved or adjusted, reducing the difficulty and complexity of the operation. The reinforced connector enhances the overall structural strength of the mold by connecting the first molding module and the second molding module respectively. This design allows the mold to remain stable and intact when subjected to greater pressure and impact, extending the service life of the mold.

[0020] 7. The inner plate is movably attached to the inner surface of the template and the molding module. After the template and the molding module are combined, they are in contact with the surface of the concrete raw material when the concrete raw material is poured. When the mold frame and the molding module are demoulded, the inner plate blocks the concrete, so that the molding module and the outer mold frame can be easily and quickly removed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the underwater masonry component.

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the upside-down structure.

[0023] Figure 3 This is the main view of the underwater masonry component.

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Top view of the .

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Left view of .

[0026] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at AA.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a masonry method for underwater masonry components.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another masonry method for underwater masonry components.

[0029] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the underwater masonry component mold.

[0030] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable mold core.

[0031] Figure 11 It is a structural diagram of the first template.

[0032] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second template.

[0033] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first forming module.

[0034] Figure 14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second forming module.

[0035] Figure 15 It is a schematic structural diagram of the combination of the first forming module and the first template.

[0036] Figure 16 It is a schematic structural diagram of the combination of the second forming module and the second template.

[0037] Figure 17 It is a schematic structural diagram of the combination of the first inner attachment plate, the first forming module and the first template.

[0038] Figure 18 It is Figure 17 the B-B sectional view of

[0039] Figure 19 It is Figure 17 the C-C sectional view of

[0040] Figure 20 It is a schematic structural diagram of the combination of the second inner attachment plate, the second forming module and the second template.

[0041] Figure 21 It is Figure 20 the D-D sectional view of

[0042] Figure 22 It is Figure 20 the E-E sectional view of

[0043] Explanation of the marks in the figure:

[0044] Through hole 1, upper convex tenon 2, lower groove 3, lower convex tenon 4, upper groove 5, middle upper groove 6, middle lower convex tenon 7, second inner attachment plate 8, mold clamping assembly 9, first template 10, mold core installation hole 10-1, second template 11, mold core positioning hole 11-1, end plate 12, movable mold core 13, mold core positioning pin 14, handle 15, first forming module 16, first limit block 16-1, second forming module 17, second limit block 17-1, first inner attachment plate 18, reinforcement connecting piece 19. Specific implementation manner

[0045] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model easier to understand, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present utility model, but the present utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "middle part", "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are the orientation or positional relationships given in the accompanying drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated positions or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0047] Such as Figures 1 to 6 The underwater masonry member shown can be made into an integral cuboid shape, which is convenient for large-area masonry construction. In other embodiments, it can also be designed as a half-block type to meet the masonry requirements for special shapes or corners. This underwater masonry member includes a block body, which has a through hole 1 facing up and down. On the periphery of the upper end face of the block body, there are respectively provided protruding upper tenons 2. At the position corresponding to each upper tenon 2 on the lower end face, there is provided a lower groove 3 that fits with the upper tenon 2; on the periphery and middle part of the lower end face of the block body, there are respectively provided protruding lower tenons 4. At the position corresponding to each lower tenon 4 on the upper end face, there is provided an upper groove 5 that fits with the lower tenon 4, ensuring that the masonry member can be effectively restricted in the front, back, left, and right directions, preventing unnecessary movement, and thus forming an extremely stable fitting structure. The upper end face and the lower end face can be interchanged as the upper end face and the lower end face according to needs during the construction process; specifically, in some embodiments, there are four upper tenons 2 on the upper end face of the block body, which are respectively arranged in the middle of the long side and the short side of the upper end face of the block body. The four upper tenons enclose the through hole therein, forming a middle upper groove 6 for fitting with the middle lower tenon 7 in the middle of the lower end face of the block body. Such a design enables the masonry members to be closely connected when spliced, enhancing the stability of the overall structure.

[0048] In some embodiments, the lower tenons 4 on the periphery of the lower end face of the block body are arranged at the four corners of the lower end face of the block body. These four lower tenons match the upper grooves 5 provided at the same positions on the upper end face of another masonry member. Such as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, when two or more masonry units are spliced, the upper tenon, upper groove, and middle upper groove on the upper end face of the lower masonry unit will be correspondingly and fittingly engaged with the lower groove, lower tenon, and middle lower tenon on the lower end face of the upper masonry unit to form a firm splicing structure.

[0049] In some embodiments, the masonry unit is provided with two through holes 5 that penetrate from the first end to the second end, and the aperture at one end is designed to be slightly smaller than that at the other end to facilitate demolding operations. The shape of the through holes 5 can be designed as a frustum column shape, square, rectangle, or other irregular shapes according to actual requirements to meet different hydrodynamic requirements, structural strength requirements, and insulation performance.

[0050] To fabricate the underwater masonry unit of the above embodiments, the present utility model also provides a special mold, as Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown. The mold has a mold frame, a forming module, an inner attachment plate, a movable mold core 8, and a mold clamping assembly 9. Among them, the mold frame is a detachable structure, which is locked and fixed by the mold clamping assembly 9. The forming module is fixed inside the mold frame, and the movable mold core 13 is inserted into the mold frame. The mold frame serves as the support skeleton of the mold and is composed of a first template 10, a second template 11, and end plates 12 at both ends to form a rectangular frame body, which are tightly connected together by the mold clamping assembly 9 to ensure the stability of the mold during the injection molding process. The mold clamping assembly 9 includes eyebolt screws, nuts, mounting seats, and connecting seats. A plurality of mounting seats are provided on the end plates 12, and connecting seats are fixed at the corresponding positions of the first template 10 and the second template 11 and the mounting seats. Nuts are fixed on both the mounting seats and the connecting seats. The eyebolt screws are threadedly connected to the mounting seats, and when the other end is threadedly connected to the nuts of the connecting seats to a suitable position, the mold frame can be locked.

[0051] As Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, the movable mold core 13 is used to form the through holes 5 of the masonry unit. One end is provided with a mold core positioning pin 14, and a handle 15 is installed at the other end to facilitate the operator to easily pull out the movable mold core 13 for demolding after the injection molding is completed. To insert and position the movable mold core 13, a mold core installation hole 10-1 is opened on the first template 10 for installing and removing the movable mold core 13; a mold core positioning hole 11-1 is provided on the second template 11, which closely cooperates with the mold core positioning pin 14 at one end of the movable mold core 13 to ensure the precise positioning of the movable mold core 13 during the injection molding process. Preferably, two movable mold cores 13 can be symmetrically arranged inside the mold.

[0052] As Figures 13 - 22As shown in the figure, the forming module includes a first forming module 16 fixedly installed on the inner surface of the first template 10 and a second forming module 17 fixed on the inner surface of the second template 11. The inner attaching plates include a first inner attaching plate 18 and a second inner attaching plate 8. The first inner attaching plate 18 is movably attached to the inner surface of the first template and forms a surface that contacts the concrete raw material during concrete raw material pouring after being combined with the first forming module. The second inner attaching plate 8 is movably attached to the inner surface of the second template and forms a surface that contacts the concrete raw material during concrete raw material pouring after being combined with the second forming module. The space between the mold frame, the first inner attaching plate 18, the second inner attaching plate 8 and the movable mold core 13 constitutes the cavity of the masonry member; the first inner attaching plate 18 attached to the first forming module 16 and the second inner attaching plate 8 attached to the second forming module 17 respectively form the structures of the upper and lower end faces of the masonry member. It is worth mentioning that in order to facilitate the taking and placing of the movable mold core 13 and enable the movable mold core 13 to be inserted quickly and accurately, the first forming module 16 and the second forming module 17 are respectively provided with a first limiting block 16-1 and a second limiting block 17-1 that match the movable mold core 13. The surfaces of the first limiting block 16-1 and the second limiting block 17-1 that match the movable mold core 13 are semi-circular arc surfaces, and these two limiting blocks are arranged staggeredly in the radial direction of the movable mold core 13 to reduce interference during disassembly and assembly and enhance the durability of the mold.

[0053] In order to further enhance the overall strength of the mold, a reinforcement connecting member 19 is installed on the end plate 12. The reinforcement connecting member 19 can be screws, nail guns, etc. They are respectively connected to the first forming module 16 and the second forming module 17 to ensure that the mold will not deform or be damaged during use, which not only improves the service life of the mold, but also reduces the production cost and maintenance difficulty.

[0054] When manufacturing the underwater masonry member, the mold is locked and fixed with the mold locking assembly 9, and it is ensured that the movable mold core 13 passes through the first template 10, the first forming module 16, the first inner attaching plate 18, the second inner attaching plate 8, the second forming module 17 and the second template 11 in sequence. Place the assembled mold flat on a flat ground or a pallet, pour the masonry concrete raw material into the mold, and after leveling by adding vibration, the underwater masonry member product is formed. After an appropriate time, the entire set of molds is completely removed from the mold. The inner attaching plates continue to be attached to the concave and convex surfaces of the masonry member product. When the moisture dries to a certain extent, the inner attaching plates can be removed, ensuring the shape and forming quality of the masonry member.

[0055] The dimensional requirements of the masonry member are mainly affected by the building design requirements, construction conditions and construction techniques. This underwater masonry member can be made into the following several dimensions, such as 320x160x200 mm in length, 400x200x200 mm, 480x240x200 mm, 1000x500x500 mm, 2000x1000x1000 mm, etc.

[0056] Through precise structural design, the underwater masonry component and its manufacturing mold achieve flexible splicing of the masonry component and efficient production of the mold; the interchangeable design at both ends of the masonry component improves the flexibility of construction; the design of the internal through holes meets different usage requirements; while components such as the movable core, limit block, and reinforcement connecting parts in the mold jointly ensure the stability and durability of the mold during the injection molding process. The design of the underwater masonry component does not depend on specific construction environments or conditions, and it can effectively play its role whether in calm waters or rough waters. In addition, its unique structure also enables it to be flexibly applied to the masonry of different types of building walls, such as underwater projects like flood control dikes, docks, and bridge foundations, broadening the scope of application.

Claims

1. A masonry member in water, comprising a block body, the block body having a through hole (1) facing up and down, characterized in that: The block body is provided with raised upper tenons (2) at the periphery of its upper end surface, and a lower groove (3) engaging with the upper tenon (2) is provided at a position corresponding to each of the upper tenons (2) at its lower end surface; the block body is provided with raised lower tenons (4) at the periphery and the middle of its lower end surface, and an upper groove (5) engaging with the lower tenon is provided at a position corresponding to each of the lower tenons (4) at its upper end surface; the upper tenons (2) at the upper end surface of the block body enclose the through hole (1) therein, forming a middle upper groove (6) for engaging with the middle lower tenon (7) at the lower end surface of the block body.

2. The underwater masonry member according to claim 1, wherein: The block body is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the upper tenons (2) on the upper end surface of the block body are provided at four locations, which are respectively arranged at the middle of the long side and the short side of the upper end surface of the block body.

3. The underwater masonry member according to claim 2, wherein: The lower tenons (4) around the lower end surface of the block body are arranged at the corners of the lower end surface of the block body.

4. The underwater masonry member according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that: The through holes (1) have two ends, one of which is larger than the other.

5. A mold for manufacturing the underwater masonry member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mold frame, a molding module, an inner plate, a movable mold core (13) and a mold locking assembly (9), wherein the mold frame comprises a first mold plate (10), a second mold plate (11) and end plates (12) respectively connected to both ends of the first mold plate (10) and the second mold plate (11), wherein the end plates (12) are locked and fixed to the first mold plate (10) and the second mold plate (11) through the mold locking assembly (9); the molding module comprises a first molding module (16) arranged on the inner surface of the first mold plate (10) and a second molding module (17) arranged on the inner surface of the second mold plate (11); the inner plate comprises a first inner plate (18) and a second inner plate (8), wherein the first The inner attached plate (18) is movably attached to the inner surface of the first template and the surface that is in contact with the concrete raw material when the concrete raw material is poured after the first molding module is combined. The second inner attached plate (8) is movably attached to the inner surface of the second template and the surface that is in contact with the concrete raw material when the concrete raw material is poured after the second molding module is combined. The first template (10) is provided with a mold core installation hole (10-1), the second template (11) is provided with a mold core positioning hole (11-1), and the movable mold core (13) passes through the first template (10), the first molding module (16), the first inner attached plate (18), the second inner attached plate (8), the second molding module (17) and the second template (11) in sequence.

6. The mold according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first molding module (16) has a first limit block (16-1) matching the movable mold core (13), and the second molding module (17) has a second limit block (17-1) matching the movable mold core (13), and the first limit block (16-1) and the second limit block (17-1) are staggered in the radial direction of the movable mold core (13).

7. The mold according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the movable mold core (13) is provided with a mold core positioning pin (14) matching the mold core positioning hole (11-1).

8. The mold according to claim 7, characterized in that: A handle (15) is installed at the other end of the movable mold core (13).

9. The mold according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end plate (12) is provided with reinforcing connecting members (19) respectively connecting the first forming module (16) and the second forming module (17).

Images