Vertical compression resistance static load testing machine for pile structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of pile structure static load, in particular to a pile structure vertical compression resistance static load testing machine which comprises a base plate and a testing mechanism, a bearing plate is arranged above the base plate, the testing mechanism is located above the bearing plate and comprises a measuring structure and a loading structure, a pile foundation is placed at the upper end of a supporting plate, and a main beam body is placed at the upper end of the pile foundation. And a leveling structure for detecting and calibrating the levelness of the main beam body is arranged below the main beam body. The leveling device has the beneficial effects that the levelness of the main beam body is detected through the leveling structure, and if the main beam body cannot be in a horizontal state, the levelness of the main beam body is adjusted through the leveling structure, so that the main beam body is in the horizontal state, then applied loads are evenly transmitted to a pile foundation, the pile foundation is evenly stressed, and the construction efficiency is improved. Therefore, the phenomenon of change of later measurement data is reduced, and the accuracy of an experimental result is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of static load of pile structures, in particular to a vertical compressive static load testing machine for pile structures. Background Technique

[0002] Pile foundations are the foundation of the construction industry. They transfer the loads of the upper buildings to the deeper soil layers with stronger bearing capacities, or compact the soft soil layers to improve the bearing capacity and compactness of the foundation soil and fix the foundation of the building. Therefore, the vertical compressive static load performance of pile foundations is one of the key factors determining the stability of buildings. In the single-pile static load test, the loads acting on the pile are generally provided by the reaction device. The existing pile foundation compressive measurement methods often include anchor pile reaction devices, deadweight reaction devices, combined anchor pile and deadweight reaction devices, and ground anchor reaction devices. Among them, the ground anchor reaction device is the most commonly used method in the test of single-pile vertical compressive static load test devices.

[0003] By comparing with the vertical compressive static load testing machine for pile structures with the patent publication number CN222730629U, in this scheme, the pressure exerted by the counterweight mechanism on the precast foundation pile will be detected by the pressure sensor on the detection mechanism, and the pressure will cause the precast foundation pile to move downward. The bottom pointer of the dial gauge points to the reference quantity to read the data of the vertical displacement of the pile body, so as to test the compressive capacity of the precast foundation pile. And the test does not need to carry heavy counterweight blocks and hydraulic pumping stations, which is convenient for users. However, before using this device, the levelness of the counterweight mechanism cannot be detected better. If it is in an unlevel state, it may cause uneven load transfer, resulting in uneven stress on the foundation pile and changing the subsequent test data, reducing the accuracy of the test results. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a vertical compressive static load testing machine for pile structures to solve the above problems.

[0005] The utility model realizes the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A vertical compressive static load testing machine for pile structures includes a base plate, and a bearing plate is arranged above the base plate. It also includes a testing mechanism for the vertical compressive static load test of the pile structure, and the testing mechanism is located above the bearing plate;

[0007] The testing mechanism includes a measuring structure for the vertical compressive static load test of the pile structure and a loading structure for applying pressure in the vertical compressive static load test of the pile structure;

[0008] The loading structure includes a jack arranged on the upper end of the pressure plate, a support plate is installed on the upper end of the jack, a pile foundation is placed on the upper end of the support plate, a main beam body is placed on the upper end of the pile foundation, a secondary beam body is provided above the main beam body, two groups of secondary beam piers are provided below the secondary beam body, the two groups of secondary beam piers are symmetrically arranged front to back, a plurality of counterweights are placed above the secondary beam body, and a leveling structure for detecting and calibrating the horizontality of the main beam body is provided below the main beam body.

[0009] Preferably: the leveling structure includes support plates arranged on the front and rear sides of the pressure plate, a cylinder is installed on the upper end of the support plate, a connecting plate is installed on the upper end of the cylinder, two bases symmetrically arranged along the front and rear directions are provided above the connecting plate, a contact plate is installed at the lower end of the base, a measuring plate is installed at the upper end of the base, a compression spring is connected between the measuring plate and the base, a contact block is provided at the bottom end of the measuring plate, the contact block and the contact plate are made of copper, a detection light is provided on the side of the two bases away from each other, the detection light is connected to the contact plate, and a leveling structure for adjusting the horizontality of the main beam body is provided under the main beam body.

[0010] Preferably: the leveling structure includes two groups of fixed frames arranged below the main beam body, the two groups of fixed frames are symmetrically arranged along the front and rear directions, the main beam piers are slidably installed inside the fixed frames, the upper ends of the main beam piers are in contact with the lower ends of the main beam body, and a lifting hydraulic cylinder is provided between the main beam piers and the fixed frames.

[0011] Preferably: the measuring structure includes a reference beam arranged on the front and rear sides of the pad, two reference piles symmetrically arranged along the front and rear directions are installed at the lower end of the reference beam, two displacement sensors symmetrically arranged along the front and rear directions are installed on the side of the reference beam close to the pile foundation, the bottom end of the displacement sensor is in contact with the upper surface of the pressure plate, an oil outlet pipe is installed above the side wall of the jack, an oil inlet pipe is installed below the side wall, and a pressure sensor is installed at the end of the oil inlet pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a spirit level is installed on the side wall of the connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably: the support plate is made of solid wood.

[0014] Preferably, the upper end of the main beam pier is made of rubber.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are as follows:

[0016] The levelness of the main beam body is detected by the leveling structure. If the main beam body cannot be in a horizontal state, the leveling structure is used to adjust the levelness of the main beam body to make the main beam body in a horizontal state, thereby evenly transferring the applied load to the pile foundation, making the pile foundation evenly stressed, thereby reducing the phenomenon of changes in the later measurement data and improving the accuracy of the experimental results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional spatial view of a vertical compressive static load testing machine for a pile structure according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is the structural cross-sectional view inside the fixed frame of a vertical compressive static load testing machine for a pile structure according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the partial enlarged view at position A in

[0021] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the measurement structure of a vertical compressive static load testing machine for a pile structure according to the present invention.

[0022] The description of the reference numerals is as follows:

[0023] 100, backing plate; 200, bearing plate; 301, jack; 302, supporting plate; 303, fixed frame; 304, lifting hydraulic cylinder; 305, main beam pier; 306, main beam body; 307, secondary beam pier; 308, secondary beam body; 309, reference pile; 310, reference beam; 311, cylinder; 312, connecting plate; 313, level; 314, measuring plate; 315, contact block; 316, contact plate; 317, base; 318, detection lamp; 319, displacement sensor; 320, oil outlet pipe; 321, oil inlet pipe; 322, pressure sensor; 323, counterweight block; 324, support plate; 400, pile foundation. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0025] The following further illustrates the present invention with reference to the drawings:

[0026] As Figures 1 - 4As shown in the figure, a vertical compressive static load testing machine for pile structures includes a base plate 100. Above the base plate 100, there is a bearing plate 200. It also includes a testing mechanism for the vertical compressive static load test of pile structures, and the testing mechanism is located above the bearing plate 200.

[0027] In this embodiment: The testing mechanism includes a measuring structure for the vertical compressive static load test of pile structures and a loading structure for applying pressure in the vertical compressive static load test of pile structures.

[0028] The loading structure includes a jack 301 arranged at the upper end of the bearing plate 200. At the upper end of the jack 301, there is a support plate 302. The support plate 302 is made of solid wood. On the upper end of the support plate 302, there is a pile foundation 400. On the upper end of the pile foundation 400, there is a main beam body 306. Above the main beam body 306, there is a secondary beam body 308. Below the secondary beam body 308, there are two groups of secondary beam piers 307, and the two groups of secondary beam piers 307 are symmetrically arranged front and back. Above the secondary beam body 308, there are a plurality of counterweight blocks 323. Below the main beam body 306, there is a leveling structure for detecting and calibrating the levelness of the main beam body 306.

[0029] The leveling structure includes support plates 324 arranged on the front and back sides of the bearing plate 200. At the upper end of the support plates 324, there are cylinders 311. At the upper end of the cylinders 311, there are connecting plates 312. On the side wall of the connecting plates 312, there are spirit levels 313. Above the connecting plates 312, there are two bases 317 symmetrically arranged in the front and back direction. At the lower end of the bases 317, there are contact plates 316. At the upper end of the bases 317, there are leveling plates 314. Between the leveling plates 314 and the bases 317, there are compression springs connected. At the bottom end of the leveling plates 314, there are contact blocks 315. The contact blocks 315 and the contact plates 316 are made of copper. On both sides of the two bases 317 away from each other, there are detection lights 318, and the detection lights 318 are connected to the contact plates 316. Below the main beam body 306, there is a leveling structure for adjusting the levelness of the main beam body 306.

[0030] The leveling structure includes two groups of fixed frames 303 arranged below the main beam body 306. The two groups of fixed frames 303 are symmetrically arranged in the front and back direction. Inside the fixed frames 303, there are main beam piers 305 slidably installed. The upper end of the main beam piers 305 is in contact with the lower end of the main beam body 306. The upper end of the main beam piers 305 is made of rubber. Between the main beam piers 305 and the fixed frames 303, there are lifting hydraulic cylinders 304.

[0031] The measurement structure includes a reference beam 310 arranged on the front and rear sides of the pad 100. Two reference piles 309 symmetrically arranged along the front and rear directions are installed at the lower end of the reference beam 310. Two displacement sensors symmetrically arranged along the front and rear directions are installed on the side of the reference beam 310 close to the pile foundation 400. The bottom end of the displacement sensor 319 is in contact with the upper surface of the pressure plate 200. An oil outlet pipe 320 is installed above the side wall of the jack 301, and an oil inlet pipe 321 is installed below the side wall. A pressure sensor 322 is installed at the end of the oil inlet pipe 321. The levelness of the main beam body 306 is detected by the leveling structure. If the main beam body 306 cannot be in a horizontal state, the levelness of the main beam body 306 is adjusted by the leveling structure to make the main beam body 306 in a horizontal state, so that the applied load is evenly transferred to the pile foundation 400, so that the pile foundation 400 is evenly stressed, thereby reducing the phenomenon of changes in the later measurement data and improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0032] Working principle: First, install the pad 100 on the ground, then install the pressure plate 200 on the pad 100, then install the jack 301 at the center of the pressure plate 200, then place the pile foundation 400 on the support plate 302 on the top of the jack 301, then set two sets of reference piles 309 and reference beams 310 on the front and rear sides of the pad 100, and then place the main beam body 306 on the top of the pile foundation 400.

[0033] First, observe the level meter 313 to check whether the connecting plate 312 is in a horizontal state. First, adjust the connecting plate 312 to a horizontal state, and then drive the cylinder 311 to move the connecting plate 312 upward, so that the top ends of the multiple measuring plates 314 are in contact with the lower end of the main beam body 306. The cylinder 311 continues to drive the connecting plate 312 upward. The measuring plates 314 and the main beam body 306 squeeze each other, causing the measuring plates 314 to move downward, driving the contact block 315 at the lower end of the measuring plate 314 to move downward. When the contact block 315 contacts the contact plate 316, the contact plate 316 will be connected to the circuit inside the contact block 315, and the detection light 318 will light up. At this time, if all the detection lights 318 are on, it means that the main beam body 306 is in a horizontal state. If one of the detection lights 318 is not on, it means that there is an inclination angle between the side of the main beam body 306 without the light and the pile foundation 400, and it is in an uneven state.

[0034] This drives the lifting hydraulic cylinder 304 to move the main beam pier 305 up and down, adjusts the height of the main beam body 306, and causes the inclined side of the main beam body 306 to fit into the surface of the pile foundation 400. When all the detection lights 318 are on, it means that the main beam body 306 is adjusted to a horizontal state, thereby completing the adjustment of the horizontality of the main beam body 306, ensuring that the applied load is evenly transferred to the pile foundation 400, so that the pile foundation 400 is evenly stressed, thereby reducing the phenomenon of changes in the later measurement data and improving the accuracy of the experimental results. Then, the counterweight block 323 is added to increase the load on the jack 301, and the pile foundation 400 is tested for vertical compressive static load.

[0035] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and improvements shall fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A vertical compressive static load testing machine for pile structures, comprising a backing plate (100), wherein a bearing plate (200) is provided above the backing plate (100), and is characterized in that: It also includes a testing mechanism for the vertical compressive static load test of the pile structure, and the testing mechanism is located above the bearing plate (200); The testing mechanism includes a measuring structure for the vertical compressive static load test of the pile structure and a loading structure for applying pressure in the vertical compressive static load test of the pile structure; The loading structure includes a jack (301) arranged at the upper end of the bearing plate (200). A support plate (302) is installed at the upper end of the jack (301). A pile foundation (400) is placed on the upper end of the support plate (302). A main beam body (306) is placed on the upper end of the pile foundation (400). A secondary beam body (308) is arranged above the main beam body (306). Two groups of secondary beam piers (307) are arranged below the secondary beam body (308). The two groups of secondary beam piers (307) are symmetrically arranged front and back. A plurality of counterweight blocks (323) are placed above the secondary beam body (308). A leveling structure for detecting and calibrating the levelness of the main beam body (306) is arranged below the main beam body (306).

2. A vertical compressive static load testing machine for pile structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling structure includes support plates (324) arranged on the front and back sides of the bearing plate (200). A cylinder (311) is installed at the upper end of the support plate (324). A connecting plate (312) is installed at the upper end of the cylinder (311). Two bases (317) symmetrically arranged in the front and back direction are arranged above the connecting plate (312). A contact plate (316) is installed at the lower end of the base (317). A leveling plate (314) is installed at the upper end of the base (317). A compression spring is connected between the leveling plate (314) and the base (317). A contact block (315) is arranged at the bottom end of the leveling plate (314). The contact block (315) and the contact plate (316) are made of copper. Detection lights (318) are arranged on one side of the two bases (317) away from each other. The detection lights (318) are communicated with the contact plate (316). A leveling structure for adjusting the levelness of the main beam body (306) is arranged below the main beam body (306).

3. A vertical compression static load testing machine for pile structures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The leveling structure includes two groups of fixed frames (303) arranged below the main beam body (306). The two groups of fixed frames (303) are symmetrically arranged in the front and back direction. A main beam pier (305) is slidably installed inside the fixed frame (303). The upper end of the main beam pier (305) is in contact with the lower end of the main beam body (306). A lifting hydraulic cylinder (304) is arranged between the main beam pier (305) and the fixed frame (303).

4. A vertical compressive static load testing machine for pile structures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The measurement structure includes reference beams (310) arranged on the front and rear sides of the backing plate (100). Two reference piles (309) symmetrically arranged in the front-rear direction are installed at the lower end of the reference beam (310). Two displacement sensors (319) symmetrically arranged in the front-rear direction are installed on the side of the reference beam (310) close to the pile foundation (400). The bottom end of the displacement sensor (319) abuts against the upper surface of the bearing plate (200). An oil outlet pipe (320) is installed above the side wall of the jack (301), and an oil inlet pipe (321) is installed below the side wall. A pressure sensor (322) is installed at the end of the oil inlet pipe (321).

5. A vertical compressive static load testing machine for pile structures according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spirit level (313) is installed on the side wall of the connecting plate (312).

6. The vertical compressive static load testing machine for a pile structure according to claim 5, wherein: The supporting plate (302) is made of solid wood.

7. A vertical compressive static load testing machine for pile structures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the main beam pier (305) is made of rubber.

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