Gunpowder-driven two-stage light-gas gun adopting belt type piston

Abstract

The utility model provides a gunpowder-driven two-stage light-gas gun adopting a belt type piston, which is mainly used for solving the technical problems that the structure of an existing gunpowder-driven two-stage light-gas gun adopting a double-layer diaphragm type piston is complicated to assemble and disassemble, a clamping mechanism of a diaphragm needs to be additionally arranged, and potential safety hazards exist in the aspect of air tightness. The belt type piston is located in the slope chamber of the chamber and the pump pipe, the belt structure is arranged on the skirt portion of the piston body in a sleeved mode, and the starting pressure of the belt type piston can be controlled by adjusting the interference magnitude such as the height, the length and the angle of the belt structure. Compared with a double-layer diaphragm piston structure, a light-gas gun diaphragm clamping mechanism is omitted, the starting pressure of the piston can be effectively controlled, and the feasibility is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a two-stage light gas gun, in particular to a gunpowder-driven two-stage light gas gun with a cartridge belt type piston. Background Art

[0002] A two-stage light gas gun is an experimental device used in fields such as high-speed collision experiments and material research. The piston starting pressure is one of the key adjustment parameters of the interior ballistics of a two-stage light gas gun and is also a key link affecting the ignition control process of gunpowder and the conversion efficiency of the combustion energy of propellant. The control of the piston starting pressure aims to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the two-stage light gas gun. By precisely regulating the pressure borne by the piston at startup, the launch speed and energy output of the projectile can be effectively controlled.

[0003] At present, double diaphragm pistons are usually adopted for two-stage light gas guns at home and abroad. As Figure 1 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of a gunpowder-driven two-stage light gas gun with a double diaphragm piston. A large diaphragm 02 is arranged between the chamber 01 and the pump tube 04. By controlling parameters such as the thickness, material, groove depth angle, etc. of the large diaphragm 02, the bursting pressure of the large diaphragm 02 can be effectively controlled, thereby controlling the starting pressure of the piston 03 at the front end of the large diaphragm 02. However, the loading and unloading of the double diaphragm piston are relatively cumbersome, and an additional clamping mechanism for the diaphragm needs to be added, which poses potential safety hazards in terms of airtightness, etc. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the technical problems that the structure of the existing gunpowder-driven two-stage light gas gun with a double diaphragm piston is relatively cumbersome in loading and unloading, an additional clamping mechanism for the diaphragm needs to be added, and there are potential safety hazards in terms of airtightness, and to propose a gunpowder-driven two-stage light gas gun with a cartridge belt type piston.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A gunpowder-driven two-stage light gas gun with a cartridge belt type piston, comprising a chamber, a pump tube, and a launch tube connected in sequence, the inner diameters of the chamber, the pump tube, and the launch tube decreasing in sequence; gunpowder is installed in the chamber, light gas is arranged in the pump tube, the position where the pump tube is connected to the launch tube is set as a tapered part, and a small diaphragm is installed inside the connection of the tapered part and the launch tube; the launch tube is used for installing a projectile, and the special feature is that it further comprises a cartridge belt type piston;

[0007] The position where the chamber is connected to the pump tube is set as a tapered ramp chamber, and the cartridge belt type piston is installed inside the ramp chamber and the pump tube;

[0008] The cartridge - type piston includes a cartridge structure, a piston body, and a counterweight support. The outer wall of the piston body is adapted to the inner wall of the pump tube. The cartridge structure is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston body at the ramp - bore part, and the outer wall of the cartridge structure is used for interference - fit with the inner wall of the pump tube. The counterweight support is nested inside the piston body. Sealing structures are provided at both ends of the piston body to isolate the gas generated by gunpowder combustion from the light gas.

[0009] Further, the piston body includes a skirt connected to the top. The skirt is located in the ramp - bore, and the top is installed in the pump tube. The cartridge structure is sleeved on the outer wall of the skirt of the piston body.

[0010] Further, the counterweight support includes a counterweight body and a connecting body. The counterweight body is radially installed at the top position of the piston body. The connecting body is connected to one side of the counterweight body and axially installed at the skirt position of the piston body. The tail of the connecting body is flush with the tail of the skirt.

[0011] Further, a threaded hole is provided at the tail of the connecting body for disassembling the cartridge - type piston.

[0012] Further, the counterweight support is made of copper.

[0013] Further, the sealing structure is a dovetail sealing structure. The dovetail sealing structure includes a first dovetail seal at the outer end of the skirt and a second dovetail seal at the outer end of the top. The first dovetail seal is a tapered convex groove structure extending outward, and the second dovetail seal is a tapered groove structure extending inward. A boss is formed in the middle of the tapered groove structure, and the boss is used to contact the tapered part when the cartridge - type piston enters the tapered part.

[0014] Further, one side of the cartridge structure near the top is a tapered structure, and its taper is the same as that of the ramp - bore.

[0015] Further, the chamber is detachably connected to one end of the pump tube.

[0016] Advantages of the present utility model:

[0017] 1. The present utility model discloses a gunpowder - driven two - stage light - gas gun using a cartridge - type piston. The cartridge - type piston is located inside the ramp - bore of the chamber and the pump tube. The skirt of the piston body is sleeved with a cartridge structure. By adjusting the interference amounts such as the height, length, and angle of the cartridge structure, the starting pressure of the cartridge - type piston can be controlled. Compared with the double - diaphragm piston structure, the diaphragm clamping mechanism of the light - gas gun is cancelled in the present utility model, which can effectively control the piston starting pressure and has strong feasibility.

[0018] 2. The chamber of the utility model is improved from a diaphragm structure to a cartridge belt type piston structure between the pump tube, simplifying the clamping mechanism required for the original diaphragm structure, reducing the sealing structure at the connection part at the same time, and improving the safety performance of the light gas gun.

[0019] 3. A cartridge belt type piston is installed between the chamber and the air chamber of the utility model. The two ends of the cartridge belt type piston are provided with a dovetail sealing structure, which can avoid the mixing of gunpowder combustion gas and light gas in the pump tube during the experiment. The dovetail sealing structure relies on the self-pressure of gunpowder combustion for sealing, with reliable performance and simple operation, improving the overall working efficiency. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gunpowder-driven two-stage light gas gun with a double diaphragm type piston in the prior art;

[0021] Figure 1 Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 01, chamber; 02, large diaphragm; 03, piston; 04, pump tube;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a gunpowder-driven two-stage light gas gun with a cartridge belt type piston of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the cartridge belt type piston in an embodiment of a gunpowder-driven two-stage light gas gun with a cartridge belt type piston of the utility model;

[0024] Explanation of the reference numerals:

[0025] 1, chamber; 2, cartridge belt type piston, 21, cartridge belt structure, 22, counterweight support, 23, piston body, 24, first dovetail seal, 25, second dovetail seal; 3, pump tube; 4, cone part; 5, small diaphragm; 6, launch tube; 7, gunpowder; 8, projectile. Detailed Embodiment

[0026] The following further describes the utility model with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0027] A gunpowder-driven two-stage light gas gun with a cartridge belt type piston of the utility model, as Figure 2 shown, includes a chamber 1, a pump tube 3 and a launch tube 6 connected in sequence; in this embodiment, the chamber 1 and the pump tube 3 are detachably connected, and in other embodiments, the chamber 1 and the pump tube 3 can be fixedly connected.

[0028] Gunpowder 7 is installed in the chamber 1, and light gas is provided in the pump tube 3. The light gas is usually hydrogen or helium; the inner diameters of the chamber 1, the pump tube 3 and the launch tube 6 decrease in sequence; a cone part 4 is provided at the position where the pump tube 3 is connected to the launch tube 6, and a small diaphragm 5 is installed inside the connection part of the cone part 4 and the launch tube 6, and the launch tube 6 is used for installing the projectile 8.

[0029] The position where the chamber 1 is connected to the pump pipe 3 is set as a tapered ramp chamber. A cartridge belt piston 2 is installed inside the ramp chamber and the pump pipe 3; as Figure 3 shown, the cartridge belt piston 2 includes a piston body 23, a cartridge belt structure 21, and a counterweight support 22.

[0030] The piston body 23 includes a skirt and a top. The skirt is located in the ramp chamber and is used to withstand the high temperature and high pressure after the combustion of the gunpowder 7 in the chamber 1. The top is installed in the pump pipe 3, and the outer sidewall of the top is adapted to the inner sidewall of the pump pipe 3, playing a role in guiding and withstanding side pressure. To avoid the mixing of the combustion gas of the gunpowder 7 and the light gas in the pump pipe 3 during the experiment, sealing structures are provided at the outer ends of both the skirt and the top.

[0031] The cartridge belt structure 21 is sleeved on the outer sidewall of the skirt of the piston body 23. The outer sidewall of the cartridge belt structure 21 is used for interference fit with the inner sidewall of the pump pipe 3. One side of the cartridge belt structure 21 close to the top is a tapered structure with an angle, and its taper is kept consistent with that of the ramp chamber. When the cartridge belt piston 2 moves, the cartridge belt structure 21 can be squeezed into the pump pipe 3, playing a role in sealing and buffering, and reducing the friction and wear between the piston body 23 and the pump pipe 3.

[0032] The counterweight support 22 is nested inside the piston body 23. The counterweight support 22 includes a counterweight body and a connecting body; the counterweight body is radially installed at the top position of the piston body 23, and the connecting body is connected to one side of the counterweight body and axially installed at the skirt position of the piston body 23; the tail of the connecting body is flush with the tail of the skirt. The tail refers to the end close to the chamber 1. A threaded hole is also provided at the tail of the connecting body, which is convenient for disassembling the cartridge belt piston 2 after it enters the tapered part 4. In this embodiment, the counterweight support 22 is made of copper material. On the one hand, it increases the overall strength and stiffness of the cartridge belt piston 2, improving its durability and reliability under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure, and high-speed movement. On the other hand, it plays a good balancing role, improving the stability of the cartridge belt piston 2 during operation.

[0033] In this embodiment, the sealing structure is a dovetail sealing structure for ensuring airtightness. The dovetail sealing structure includes a first dovetail seal 24 located at the outer end of the skirt portion and a second dovetail seal 25 located at the outer end of the top; the first dovetail seal 24 is a tapered convex groove structure extending outward, and the second dovetail seal 25 is a tapered groove structure extending inward. A boss is formed in the middle of the tapered groove structure. The boss is used to contact the tapered portion 4 when the cartridge belt piston 2 enters the tapered portion 4, and has a protective effect on the tapered groove structure. The length of the first dovetail seal 24 is greater than that of the second dovetail seal 25, mainly to prevent the gas from burning the gunpowder 7 from eroding the first dovetail seal 24. Both the tapered convex groove structure and the tapered groove structure belong to self-sealing grooves. When the gas pressure increases, the inner wall surfaces of the first dovetail seal 24 and the second dovetail seal 25 are pressed, and are closely attached to the inner wall of the pump tube 3. The greater the gas pressure at both ends of the first dovetail seal 24 and the second dovetail seal 25, the closer the fit, and the better the sealing performance. Compared with the straight cylindrical sealing structure, the dovetail sealing structure has a larger stress area, which helps to reduce the deformation and wear of the sealing material, the stress is more uniform, and the sealing failure caused by excessive local stress is avoided. The dovetail sealing structure also has high connection stability and good shear resistance, and can ensure that the sealed part will not fail due to shear force in the working environment of repeated use.

[0034] Working process of the two-stage light gas gun:

[0035] Before the experiment starts, the cartridge belt piston 2 is loaded by disassembling the chamber 1, or directly loaded from the end of the chamber 1 far from the pump tube 3. After the cartridge belt piston 2 is loaded, the gunpowder 7 in the chamber 1 is ignited. The chamber 1 is quickly filled with high-temperature and high-pressure gas, thereby pushing the cartridge belt piston 2 to accelerate forward in the pump tube 3. As the gunpowder 7 burns gradually, the cartridge belt structure 21 is squeezed from the sloping bore into the inside of the pump tube 3, and the cartridge belt structure 21 is transformed from elastic deformation to plastic deformation. The cartridge belt piston 2 moves along the pump tube 3 towards the tapered portion 4, while compressing the light gas in the pump tube 3. The light gas reaches a high-temperature and high-pressure state and breaks through the small diaphragm 5, thereby pushing the projectile 8 in the launch tube 6 to be launched. The present invention cancels the diaphragm between the chamber 1 and the pump tube 3, and controls the starting pressure of the piston through the cartridge belt piston 2, that is, by replacing the cartridge belt structures 21 of different sizes, changing the interference amounts such as its height, length and taper, to control the starting pressure of the cartridge belt piston 2.

Claims

1. A gunpowder-driven two-stage light gas gun with a cartridge belt type piston, comprising a chamber (1), a pump tube (3) and a launch tube (6) connected in sequence. The inner diameters of the chamber (1), the pump tube (3) and the launch tube (6) decrease in sequence. Gunpowder (7) is installed in the chamber (1), light gas is provided in the pump tube (3), and the position where the pump tube (3) is connected to the launch tube (6) is set as a tapered portion (4). A small diaphragm (5) is installed inside the connection of the tapered portion (4) and the launch tube (6). The launch tube (6) is used for installing a projectile (8), and it is characterized in that: It further includes a belt-type piston (2); The position where the chamber (1) is connected to the pump tube (3) is set as a tapered ramp chamber, and the belt-type piston (2) is installed inside the ramp chamber and the pump tube (3); The belt-type piston (2) includes a belt structure (21), a piston body (23), and a counterweight support (22); the outer side wall of the piston body (23) is adapted to the inner side wall of the pump tube (3), the belt structure (21) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the piston body (23) located in the ramp chamber part, and the outer side wall of the belt structure (21) is used for interference fit with the inner side wall of the pump tube (3); the counterweight support (22) is nested inside the piston body (23); both ends of the piston body (23) are provided with sealing structures for isolating the gas generated by the combustion of gunpowder (7) from the light gas.

2. The powder-driven two-stage light gas gun using a belt-type piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston body (23) includes a skirt portion connected to the top, the skirt portion is located in the ramp chamber, and the top is installed in the pump tube (3); the belt structure (21) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the skirt portion of the piston body (23).

3. The powder-driven two-stage light gas gun using a belt-type piston according to claim 2, characterized in that: The counterweight support (22) includes a counterweight body and a connecting body; the counterweight body is radially installed at the top position of the piston body (23); the connecting body is connected to one side of the counterweight body and axially installed at the skirt portion position of the piston body (23); the tail of the connecting body is flush with the tail of the skirt portion.

4. The powder-driven two-stage light gas gun using a belt-type piston according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tail of the connecting body is provided with a threaded hole for disassembling the belt-type piston (2).

5. The powder-driven two-stage light gas gun using a belt-type piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight support (22) is made of copper.

6. The powder-driven two-stage light gas gun using a belt-type piston according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing structure is a dovetail sealing structure; the dovetail sealing structure includes a first dovetail seal (24) located at the outer end of the skirt portion and a second dovetail seal (25) located at the outer end of the top; the first dovetail seal (24) is a tapered convex groove structure extending outward, and the second dovetail seal (25) is a tapered groove structure extending inward, and a convex platform is formed in the middle of the tapered groove structure, and the convex platform is used to contact the tapered portion (4) when the belt-type piston (2) enters the tapered portion (4).

7. The powder-driven two-stage light gas gun using a belt-type piston according to claim 2, characterized in that: One side of the belt structure (21) close to the top is a tapered structure, and its taper is the same as that of the ramp chamber.

8. The powder-driven two-stage light gas gun using a belt-type piston according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The chamber (1) is detachably connected to one end of the pump tube (3).

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