Internal heating type dry distillation furnace

Abstract

The utility model belongs to but not limited to the technical field of dry distillation furnaces, and discloses an internal heating type dry distillation furnace. The dry distillation furnace comprises a feeding section, a dry distillation section, a buffer section, a cooling section and a coke discharging section; a feeding port and a raw gas pipeline are arranged at the top of the dry distillation furnace, a plurality of discharging baffles are arranged at the lower end of the feeding port, the lower portion of the dry distillation section is connected with an oxygen-enriched input pipeline and a carbon dioxide waste gas input pipeline, oxygen-enriched and carbon dioxide gas inlets are evenly formed in the side wall of the dry distillation furnace in the circumferential direction, and coke quenching medium nozzles are arranged on the cooling section. And the coke discharging section is provided with a coke pushing machine and a scraper. According to the utility model, a method for regulating and controlling the flame and the temperature in the oxygen-enriched combustion dry distillation furnace with the same flame length, the same smoke temperature and the basically same temperature distribution in the furnace under the air combustion-supporting condition is realized, and the device has important significance on the sustainable development of the existing low-temperature coal dry distillation industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to, but is not limited to, the technical field of retort furnaces, and particularly relates to an internal heating type retort furnace. Background Art

[0002] At present, the internal heating type retort furnace is a main furnace type adopted in the current low-temperature coal carbonization process. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of gas and air is used as the internal heat source for the carbonization process, resulting in a large amount of nitrogen in the air being mixed into the gas product (the volume fraction of nitrogen is as high as more than 50%), causing the low-temperature carbonization gas to be "large in quantity and low in quality", and it is difficult to realize the high-value utilization of the gas.

[0003] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the prior art are as follows:

[0004] The existing internal heating type retort furnace easily causes a large amount of nitrogen in the air to be mixed into the gas product, reducing the quality of the low-temperature carbonization gas and making it difficult to realize the high-value utilization of the gas. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides an internal heating type retort furnace.

[0006] The utility model is realized as follows: an internal heating type retort furnace, the retort furnace includes a feeding section, a carbonization section, a buffer section, a cooling section and a coke discharging section; a feeding port and a raw gas pipeline are arranged at the top of the retort furnace, several blanking baffles are arranged at the lower end of the feeding port, an oxygen-enriched input pipeline and a carbon dioxide waste gas input pipeline are connected to the lower part of the carbonization section, the inlets of the oxygen-enriched and carbon dioxide gases are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the retort furnace along the circumferential direction, a coke quenching medium spray head is arranged in the cooling section, and a coke pusher and a scraper conveyor are arranged in the coke discharging section.

[0007] Further, the furnace body of the retort furnace adopts a cylindrical structure.

[0008] Further, the raw gas pipeline is connected to a gas cooler and an electrostatic tar precipitator for gas cooling and tar collection to obtain clean gas; and then connected to a PSA pressure swing adsorption device to separate hydrogen from the gas to obtain hydrogen.

[0009] Further, a metal furnace shell is arranged outside the furnace body of the retort furnace, and a refractory furnace lining is arranged on the inner side of the furnace shells of the carbonization section, the buffer section and the cooling section; the refractory furnace lining is made of refractory bricks.

[0010] Further, the refractory bricks are one or more of silica bricks, clay bricks, high-aluminum bricks, mullite bricks and silicon nitride bricks.

[0011] Combined with the above technical solutions and the solved technical problems, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by the utility model are as follows:

[0012] First, the utility model uses oxygen-enriched air to replace air and the carbon dioxide waste gas discharged from the power plant as the internal heat source in the dry distillation process. Under the condition of maintaining the furnace temperature basically unchanged, the carbon dioxide gas reacts with carbon in the furnace to generate carbon monoxide, effectively reducing the nitrogen content in the gas, improving the utilization value of the gas, and showing good application prospects.

[0013] The gas generated by the carbonization furnace in the utility model is cooled and the tar is trapped to obtain clean gas; hydrogen in the gas is separated by a PSA pressure swing adsorption device to obtain hydrogen. The gas after dehydrogenation is separated by a membrane to produce carbon dioxide gas (dry ice), and then the separated gas is used for power generation by burning in the power plant boiler; realizing the cascade utilization of gas, reducing the carbon dioxide gas emissions of the power plant, meeting the requirements of energy conservation, emission reduction, green and low-carbon in the semi-coke industry, avoiding the waste of high-quality resources caused by most semi-coke gas only being used for power generation by burning and calcination utilization, using the pyrolysis gas to deeply process hydrogen energy and recycling CO2 to produce green and low-carbon dry ice, aiming at negative carbon and zero carbon, and providing a demonstration role for the upgrading transformation of the coal-electricity integration industry.

[0014] Second, the utility model uses oxygen-enriched air, the carbon dioxide waste gas discharged from the power plant and gas combustion as the internal heat source in the dry distillation process. On the premise of maintaining the furnace temperature basically unchanged, it effectively reduces the nitrogen content in the gas, improves the utilization value of the gas, and shows good application prospects.

[0015] On the premise of maintaining the main structure of the existing low-temperature carbonization furnace unchanged, through the innovation and optimization of the process flow, the utility model realizes the control method of the flame and temperature in the oxygen-enriched combustion carbonization furnace with the same flame length, flue gas temperature and furnace temperature distribution as those under the condition of air-assisted combustion, which has important significance for the sustainable development of the current low-temperature coal dry distillation industry. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an internal heat type dry distillation furnace provided by an embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Feeding section; 11. Feeding port; 12. Raw gas pipeline; 13. Lowering baffle; 2. Dry distillation section; 21. Oxygen-enriched input pipeline; 22. Carbon dioxide waste gas input pipeline; 3. Buffer section; 4. Cooling section; 41. Coke quenching medium spray head; 5. Coke discharging section; 51. Coke pusher; 52. Scraper; 6. Gas cooler; 7. Electrostatic tar precipitator; 8. PSA pressure swing adsorption device. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0019] As Figure 1 shown, an internal heating retort furnace provided by an embodiment of the present utility model includes a feeding section 1, a retorting section 2, a buffer section 3, a cooling section 4 and a coke discharging section 5; a feeding port 11 and a raw gas pipeline 12 are provided at the top of the retort furnace, and a plurality of feeding baffle plates 13 are arranged at the lower end of the feeding port 11. A rich oxygen input pipeline 21 and a carbon dioxide waste gas input pipeline 22 are connected to the lower part of the retorting section 2. The inlets of the rich oxygen and carbon dioxide gases are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the retort furnace in the circumferential direction. A quenching medium spray head 41 is provided in the cooling section 4, and a coke pusher 51 and a scraper conveyor 52 are provided in the coke discharging section 5.

[0020] Further, the furnace body of the retort furnace adopts a cylindrical structure.

[0021] Further, the raw gas pipeline 12 is connected to a gas cooler 6 and an electrostatic tar precipitator 7 for gas cooling and tar collection to obtain clean gas; and then connected to a PSA pressure swing adsorption device 8 to separate hydrogen from the gas to obtain hydrogen.

[0022] Further, a metal furnace shell is provided outside the furnace body of the retort furnace, and a refractory furnace lining is provided on the inner side of the furnace shells of the retorting section 2, the buffer section 3 and the cooling section 4; the refractory furnace lining is made of refractory bricks.

[0023] Further, the refractory bricks are one or more of silica bricks, clay bricks, high-aluminum bricks, mullite bricks, and silicon nitride bricks.

[0024] Working principle:

[0025] Low-rank coal enters the retort furnace through the feeding port. The semi-coke formed after the low-rank coal passes through the retorting section 2, the buffer section 3 and the cooling section 4 in sequence is discharged out of the furnace by the scraper conveyor 52, and the coke discharging speed is controlled by the coke pusher 51;

[0026] In the dry distillation section 2, the volatile substances of the material begin to separate, forming the conditions required for pyrolysis. Then, the material undergoes chemical reactions under high-temperature conditions, and the carbon-based substances are converted into carbonized products. During the carbonization process, the atmosphere inside the furnace is regulated through the oxygen-rich input pipeline 21 and the carbon dioxide waste gas input pipeline 22. The externally connected oxygen-rich input pipeline 21 provides sufficient oxygen support for the carbonization reaction to ensure the combustion stability and reaction rate inside the furnace, while reducing the problem of incomplete combustion caused by the presence of nitrogen in the air. The carbon dioxide waste gas input pipeline 22 injects the recycled waste gas into the furnace to further regulate the oxygen concentration and avoid over-oxidation. This dual-pipeline design effectively improves the thermal efficiency of the carbonization reaction and reduces the emission of harmful gases.

[0027] In the cooling section 4, the semi-coke is cooled by the quenching medium spray head 41 spraying the quenching medium, and the carbonized products are gradually cooled to a safe temperature for easy collection and processing. The segmented heating ensures the gradual decomposition and efficient utilization of the material, and the carbonization rate is significantly increased.

[0028] The raw gas produced during the low-rank coal dry distillation is led out through the raw gas pipeline 13. The raw gas successively enters the gas cooler 6 and the electrostatic tar precipitator 7 to remove ash, moisture, and tar, obtaining clean gas; then, the hydrogen in the gas is separated through the PSA pressure swing adsorption device 8 to obtain hydrogen. The dehydrogenated gas is separated by membrane separation to produce carbon dioxide gas (dry ice), and then the separated gas is used for power generation by burning in a power plant boiler; realizing the cascade utilization of gas, reducing the carbon dioxide gas emission of the power plant, meeting the requirements of energy conservation, emission reduction, green and low-carbon for the semi-coke industry, avoiding the waste of high-quality resources caused by most semi-coke gas being only used for power generation by burning and calcination utilization, using the pyrolysis gas for deep processing to produce hydrogen energy and recycling CO2 to produce green and low-carbon dry ice, aiming at negative carbon and zero carbon, and providing a demonstration role for the upgrading transformation of the coal-electricity integration industry.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more; the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] The above are only specific embodiments of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present utility model, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be covered by the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An internal heating retort furnace, characterized in that, The retort furnace includes a feeding section, a carbonization section, a buffer section, a cooling section and a coke discharging section; a feeding port and a raw gas pipeline are arranged at the top of the retort furnace, several blanking baffles are arranged at the lower end of the feeding port, the lower part of the carbonization section is connected with an oxygen-enriched input pipeline and a carbon dioxide waste gas input pipeline, the inlets of the oxygen-enriched gas and the carbon dioxide gas are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the retort furnace along the circumferential direction, a quenching medium spray head is arranged in the cooling section, and a coke pusher and a scraper are arranged in the coke discharging section.

2. The internal heating retort furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body of the retort furnace adopts a cylindrical structure.

3. The internal heating type retorting furnace according to claim 1, wherein The raw gas pipeline is connected with a gas cooler and an electric tar precipitator to cool the gas and collect the tar, and then a clean gas is obtained; the clean gas is further connected with a PSA pressure swing adsorption device to separate the hydrogen in the gas, and hydrogen is obtained.

4. The internal heating type retort furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A metal furnace shell is arranged outside the furnace body of the retort furnace, and a refractory furnace lining is arranged on the inner side of the furnace shells of the carbonization section, the buffer section and the cooling section; the refractory furnace lining is made of refractory bricks.

5. The internal heating retort furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractory bricks are one or more of silica bricks, clay bricks, high-aluminum bricks, mullite bricks and silicon nitride bricks.

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